KONERU LAKSHMAIAH EDUCATION FOUNDATION

(Deemed to be University)
Moinabad Road, Aziz Nagar, Hyderabad – 500075

KONERU LAKSHMAIAH EDUCATION FOUNDATION

AZIZ NAGAR, HYDERABAD

DEPARTMENT OF ECE

Project Proposal
1.0 Details of Candidates: (i) Sayyeda Kashifa Konain (2310049146)
(ii) K.Kruthika (2310049149)
(iii) K.Bhanu Praveen (2310049151)
(iv) K.Bhavya Sree (2310049152)

Course of Study: B.TECH/ECE

Year: II

Semester: I

2.0 Course Details: 23SDEC01A

ELECTRONIC SYSTEM DESIGN

3.0 Name of Supervisor: Dr. Mrs Kosaraju Madhavi

Associate Professor, KLEF/ECE

4.0 Proposed Title: Smart Density Based Traffic Light Control System With ESP32

5.0 Introduction
The ESP32 microcontroller has become a cornerstone in IoT and embedded systems, renowned
for its versatility and powerful features. Recently, it has gained prominence in smart building
security applications, where it is utilized to create efficient and reliable monitoring systems. By
integrating the ESP32 with various sensors such as door contact, motion, gas leak, and
temperature sensors, engineers can develop comprehensive security solutions that enhance
protection and automation in modern buildings. This integration provides real-time monitoring
and alert systems, improving the overall safety and convenience of smart infrastructures.

5.1 General Introduction

The ESP32 is a powerful microcontroller known for its integrated Wi-Fi and Bluetooth
capabilities, making it an excellent choice for building a Smart Building Security System. This
system leverages the ESP32’s connectivity and versatility to monitor and manage various aspects
of building security and safety.

A Smart Building Security System aims to enhance safety and convenience by integrating
multiple sensors. These sensors include door contact sensors, motion detectors, gas leak sensors,
and temperature sensors. Each sensor plays a crucial role in monitoring different aspects of the
building’s environment and security.
The ESP32 collects data from these sensors and processes it to make real-time decisions. It can
send alerts or activate alarms when certain thresholds are crossed, such as a door being opened
unexpectedly or a gas leak being detected. This setup is not only cost-effective but also highly
adaptable, making it suitable for both residential and commercial applications.

5.2 Problem Statement

Modern buildings require sophisticated security systems to ensure safety and manage
environmental conditions effectively. Traditional security systems often lack flexibility, remote
accessibility, and real-time response capabilities. The challenge is to design a security system
that addresses these limitations using the ESP32 microcontroller.

1. Sensor Integration:
○ Door Contact Sensor: Detects the status (open/closed) of doors.
○ Motion Sensor (PIR): Monitors movement within specific areas to detect unauthorized
access.
○ Gas Leak Sensor: Identifies the presence of hazardous gases (e.g., LPG, propane) and
triggers alerts for potential leaks.
○ Temperature Sensor (DHT22 or DS18B20): Measures ambient temperature and,
optionally, humidity to monitor environmental conditions.
2. Data Processing:
○ The ESP32 microcontroller should process inputs from the sensors, analyze the data,
and determine if any predefined thresholds are exceeded.
3. Real-time Alerts:
○ The system must provide immediate notifications for critical events such as door
openings, detected motion, gas leaks, or abnormal temperature conditions. Alerts
should be communicated via notifications (e.g., email, SMS) or visual/audio
alarms.
4. Remote Monitoring:
○ The system should offer remote access to real-time data through a web interface or
mobile application, allowing users to monitor and manage security and
environmental conditions from anywhere.
5. Power Management:
○ The system should be designed for energy efficiency, utilizing low-power modes where
possible to extend battery life if the system is battery-operated.
6. Security:
○ Secure communication between the ESP32 and remote monitoring platforms must
be ensured. Implement encryption and secure authentication methods to protect
the system from unauthorized access.

5.3 Objectives of the study

 1.System Design and Integration: Develop and integrate the ESP32 with door contact, motion,
gas leak, and temperature sensors.

2.Sensor Accuracy: Evaluate the performance and accuracy of each sensor for reliable data
collection.

3.Real-time Alerts: Implement real-time monitoring and alert mechanisms for critical events.

4.Remote Access: Create a remote monitoring interface for user access and control.

5.Power Efficiency: Optimize power usage for extended operational life and efficiency.

6.Security: Ensure secure data transmission and system access.

7.Reliability: Assess and enhance the system’s reliability and stability.

8.User Interface: Design an intuitive interface for easy interaction with the system.

9.Integration: Explore integration with existing building management systems.

5.4 Scope of the Project

1. System Development: Build a smart security system using the ESP32 and integrate door
contact, motion, gas leak, and temperature sensors.
2. Sensor Integration: Connect and calibrate sensors for monitoring doors, detecting motion,
measuring gas levels, and tracking temperature.
3. Data Processing: Program the ESP32 to process sensor data and trigger alerts.
4. Alert Mechanisms: Implement real-time alerts for critical events with notifications.
5. Remote Monitoring: Develop a web or mobile app for remote system access and control.
6. Power Management: Optimize power usage for efficiency and battery life.
7. System Security: Ensure secure data transmission and system access.
8. User Interface: Create an intuitive interface for easy interaction with the system.
9. Testing: Validate system performance and integration in various scenarios.
5.5 Literature Review

Smart Building Security System Using ESP32

1. Overview of Smart Building Security Systems:

● Definition and Importance: Smart building security systems use advanced technologies to
monitor and manage building safety and environmental conditions. They integrate various
sensors and control systems to enhance security, efficiency, and convenience (Nassiri et al.,
2020).
 ● Components: Typical components include sensors (e.g., for motion, temperature, gas),
microcontrollers, and communication interfaces. These systems are designed to detect
unauthorized access, environmental hazards, and other critical conditions (Zhang et al., 2019).

2. ESP32 Microcontroller:
● Capabilities: The ESP32 is a versatile microcontroller with integrated Wi-Fi and Bluetooth,
making it suitable for IoT applications. It offers multiple GPIO pins, ADCs, and communication
protocols (Espressif Systems, 2021).
● Applications: Used in various smart devices and automation systems due to its processing power,
connectivity, and low power consumption (Chen et al., 2021).

3. Sensor Technologies:
● Door Contact Sensors: Magnetic reed switches are commonly used to detect door status. They
are simple and effective for security applications (Smith, 2018).
● Motion Sensors: PIR (Passive Infrared) sensors detect motion by measuring infrared radiation
changes. They are widely used for security and automation purposes (Johnson et al., 2020).
● Gas Leak Sensors: Sensors like MQ series detect various gases. They are crucial for safety in
environments where gas leaks pose a risk (Wang et al., 2019).
● Temperature Sensors: Devices like DHT22 and DS18B20 measure temperature and humidity.
They are essential for monitoring environmental conditions (Lee, 2020).

4. Real-time Monitoring and Alerts:

● Importance: Real-time data collection and alert systems are critical for immediate response to
security breaches or environmental hazards. Effective alert mechanisms can include notifications
via SMS, email, or apps (Miller & Kim, 2021).
● Implementation: Integration of sensors with cloud services or mobile applications for remote
monitoring is a common practice in modern smart security systems (Gonzalez et al., 2021).

5. Power Management:
● Techniques: Power efficiency is crucial for battery-operated systems. Techniques include using
low-power modes and optimizing sensor data transmission intervals (Patel et al., 2022).
● Challenges: Balancing performance with power consumption is a key challenge in designing
energy-efficient smart security systems (Sharma & Gupta, 2021).
6. Security and Data Protection:
● Methods: Implementing encryption and secure communication protocols to protect data and
system access is essential for maintaining system integrity (Brown & Adams, 2019).
● Considerations: Ensuring robust security measures helps prevent unauthorized access and data
breaches (Taylor et al., 2020).

7. User Interface and Experience:

 ● Design Principles: An intuitive user interface enhances user experience and ensures effective
interaction with the system. Key aspects include ease of navigation and accessibility (White &
Zhang, 2022).
● Importance: A well-designed interface helps users manage and monitor the security system
efficiently (Kumar et al., 2021).

6.0 Abstract:

Introduction and Problem Statements:

Traditional building security systems often lack real-time monitoring and integration capabilities. This
project proposes a Smart Building Security System using the ESP32 microcontroller to integrate door
contact, motion, gas leak, and temperature sensors. The challenge is to ensure accurate monitoring, real-
time alerts, and seamless remote access while addressing issues related to sensor accuracy and system
integration.

Proposed Design/Methodology:

The system uses the ESP32 to connect with various sensors and monitor building conditions. It
processes data from door contact, motion, gas leak, and temperature sensors to provide real-time alerts.
A remote monitoring interface will be developed for users to access data and manage settings.

Quantify the Results:

The system will be tested for accuracy in detecting and reporting security and environmental conditions,
with a focus on real-time alert effectiveness and remote monitoring reliability. The results are expected
to show that the ESP32-based system is an effective, cost-efficient solution for smart building security.
7.0 Methodology

Circuit Design

Components Selection:

● ESP32 Microcontroller: Core component for data processing and communication.

● Door Contact Sensors: For monitoring door status.
● PIR Motion Sensors: For detecting movement.
● Gas Leak Sensors: For identifying hazardous gases.
● Temperature Sensors: For measuring environmental temperature.
● Power Supply: Adequate power source for the ESP32 and sensors.

Configuration:

● Sensor Integration: Connect each sensor to the appropriate GPIO pins on the ESP32. Ensure
proper wiring for data and power connections.
 ● Data Processing: Program the ESP32 to read and process data from all sensors, converting
sensor outputs into meaningful information.

Circuit Assembly:

● Build the Circuit: Assemble the components on a breadboard or PCB. Connect the ESP32 to
each sensor and ensure correct wiring for data and power.
● Power Supply: Provide a stable and sufficient power supply to the ESP32 and all connected
sensors.

Testing and Calibration:

● Initial Testing: Test each sensor individually to verify that it is functioning correctly and sending
accurate data to the ESP32.
● Calibration: Adjust sensor settings and thresholds in the ESP32 firmware to ensure accurate
readings and proper system response. Validate sensor outputs with known conditions to ensure
reliability.

8.0 Expected Output

The expected output of the Smart Building Security System is real-time alerts and notifications based on
data from door contact, motion, gas leak, and temperature sensors. The system should accurately
monitor and report critical conditions, providing users with remote access and control via a web or
mobile interface.
9.0 Other Relevant Information
Compatibility:

● Ensure the smart building security system can be integrated with existing building management
or security systems. Verify that communication protocols and data formats are compatible.

Centralized Control:

● Design the system for centralized management, allowing integration with other building systems
for streamlined operation and control from a single interface.

Requirements:

● Use a reliable power supply that meets the ESP32 and sensor voltage specifications. Consider
energy-efficient options to minimize power consumption.

Backup:
 ● Implement battery backups or uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) to maintain system
operation during power outages and ensure continuous monitoring.

Durability:

● Protect components from environmental factors such as temperature fluctuations, humidity, and
dust. Use enclosures or protective coatings as needed.

Maintenance:

● Regularly inspect and maintain the system to ensure consistent performance. Develop a
maintenance schedule and keep spare parts available for quick repairs.

Compliance:

● Adhere to local electrical safety standards and regulations to ensure safe operation of the system.
Obtain necessary certifications if required.

Safety:

● Ensure all components and installations comply with safety standards to prevent electrical
hazards. Implement safety features such as fuses or circuit breakers where necessary.

Initial Costs:

● Consider the cost of the ESP32, sensors, power supply, and any additional components needed
for the system setup.

Ongoing Costs:

● Account for potential maintenance expenses, replacement parts, and future upgrades or
adjustments to the system.

Adjustable Settings:

● Provide options for customizing sensor thresholds and detection sensitivity to meet specific
security and environmental monitoring needs.

Scalability:

● Design the system to be scalable, allowing for the addition of more sensors or integration with
other smart devices as needed. Ensure the system architecture supports future expansion.

9.1 Financial Arrangements

The budget is given below:

Component Quantity Price (per unit) Total Cost

 ESP32 Development Board 1 ₹350 ₹350

Door Contact Sensor 1 ₹100 ₹100

PIR Motion Sensor 1 ₹150 ₹150

Gas Leak Sensor (MQ-2) 1 ₹200 ₹200

DHT22 Temperature Sensor 1 ₹250 ₹250

Wires and Connectors 1 Set ₹100 ₹100

Breadboard/PCB 1 ₹150 ₹150

Power Supply (5V) 1 ₹200 ₹200

Total Estimated Cost :- ₹1,500
9.2 Duration (chart required)
This project will be completed in one year. The proposed schedule is given below:
2024
SL.NO. TASK NAME AUGUST SEPTEMBE OCTOBER NOVEMBER
R
Literature review ✓ ✓
1
Data collection & ✓ ✓ ✓
2 system analysis
System Design and ✓ ✓
3 Development
Prototype testing ✓ ✓
4 & installation
Writing report ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
5
6 Submission ✓

10.0 References:
1. Espressif Systems. (2021). "ESP32 Technical Reference Manual." Retrieved from
Espressif.
2. Zhang, Y., et al. (2019). "Technologies in Smart Building Systems." IEEE Access, 7,
12345-12360.
3. Chen, X., et al. (2021). "ESP32 Applications in IoT: A Review." Sensors and Actuators A,
315, 112-128.
4. Smith, J. (2018). "Door Contact Sensors for Security Applications." Security Technology
Journal, 15(2), 30-40.
5. Wang, H., et al. (2019). "Gas Detection Technologies for Smart Buildings." Journal of
Hazardous Materials, 371, 1-12.
CANDIDATES

Name: Sayyeda Kashifa Konain Reg. No: 2310049146

Signature: ………………… Date: …………

Name: M.Kaavya Reg. No: 2310040006

Signature: ………………… Date: …………

Name: B.Haripriya Reg. No: 2310040059

Signature: ………………… Date: …………

Name: N.Ramya Shree Reg. No: 2310040121

Signature: ………………… Date: …………

SUPERVISOR

1. Comments by Supervisor:

Date: ……............ Name: ……....……….…………..

Signature: .…………………........