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    XTH Circle

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    ganesh

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    XTH Circle

    Uploaded by

    ganesh
    32 views28 pages

    Original Title

    Xth Circle

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    32 views28 pages

    XTH Circle

    Uploaded by

    ganesh

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 28

    Circles

    Case Study Based Questions


    Case Study 1
    In a park, four poles are standing at positions A, B, C and D around the fountain such
    that the cloth joining the poles AB, BC, CD and DA touches the fountain at P, Q, R and S
    respectively as shown in the figure.

    Based on the above information, solve the following questions:

    Q1. If O is the centre of the circular fountain, then <OSA =


    a. 60°
    b. 90°
    c. 45°
    d. All of these

    Q2. Which of the following is correct?


    a. AS = AP
    b. BP = BQ
    c. CQ = CR
    d. None of these

    Q3. If DR = 7 cm and AD = 11 cm, then AP =


    a. 4 cm
    b. 18 cm
    c. 7 cm
    d. 11 cm
    Q4. If O is the centre of the fountain, with <QCR = 60°, then <QOR =
    a. 60°
    b. 120°
    c. 90°
    d. 30°

    Q5. Which of the following is correct?


    a. AB + BC = CD + DA
    b. AB+ AD = BC + CD
    c. AB + CD = AD + BC
    d. All of these

    Solutions

    Here, OS the is radius of circle.


    Since, radius at the point of contact is perpendicular to tangent.
    So, <OSA = 90°
    So, option (b) is correct.

    2. (d) Since, length of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal.
    .. ASAP, BP BQ,
    CQ = CR and DR = DS ...(1)
    So, option (d) is correct.

    3. (a) AP AS AD-DS = AD-DR (using eq. (1))


    = 11-7=4 cm
    So, option (a) is correct.

    4. (b) In quadrilateral OQCR, ZQCR = 60° (Given)


    And <OQC = <ORC = 90°
    (Since, radius at the point of contact is perpendicular to tangent.)
    <QOR = 360°-90°-90°-60°
    = 120°
    So, option (b) is correct.

    5. (c) From eq. (1), we have ASAP, DS = DR,


    BQ=BP and CQCR
    Adding all above equations, we get
    AS+DS+BQ+CQ=AP+DR+BP+CR
    = AD+BC AB + CD
    So, option (c) is correct.

    Case Study 2
    For class 10 students, a teacher planned a game for the revision of chapter circles with
    some questions written on the board, which are to be answered by the students. For
    each correct answer, a student will get a reward. Some of the questions are given below.

    Based on the given information, solve the following questions:

    Q1. In the given figure, x + y =


    Q2. If PA and PB are two tangents drawn to a circle with centre O from P such that PBA =
    50°, then <OAB =
    a. 50°
    b. 25°
    c. 40°
    d. 130°

    Q3. In the given figure, PQ and PR are two tangents to the circle, then <ROQ=

    a. 30°
    b. 60°
    c. 105°
    d. 150°

    Q4. In the given figure, AB is a chord of the circle and AOC is its diameter such that ACB =
    55°, then <BAT=

    a. 35°
    b. 55°
    c. 125°
    d. 110°
    Q5. In the given figure, if PC is the tangent at A of the circle with <PAB 72° and <AOB =
    132°, then <ABC =

    a. 18°
    b. 30°
    c. 60°
    d. Can't be determined

    Solutions
    1. (b) In ∆OAC, <OCA = 90°
    Since, radius at the point of contact is perpendicular to tangent.
    .. <OAC + <AOC = 90° = x+y=90°
    So, option (b) is correct.

    Since, OB I PB (since, radius at the point of contact is perpendicular to tangent)


    and <PBA 50° (Given)
    <OBA=90° 50° = 40°
    Also, OA = OB
    .. <OAB <OBA = 40°
    (radii of circle)
    (angle opposite to equal sides are equal)
    So, option (c) is correct.

    3. (d) In quadrilateral OQPR,


    <ROQ + <RPQ = 180°
    (Angle between the two tangents drawn from an external point to a circle is
    supplementary to the angle subtended by the line segment joining the point of contact at
    the centre)
    ..<ROQ = 180° -30° = 150°
    So, option (d) is correct.

    4. (b) Here, <ABC = 90° (angle in a semicircle)


    Now, In ∆ABC,
    <BAC+ <ACB+ <ABC = 180°
    (by angle sum property of triangle)
    ⇒ <BAC +55°+90° = 180°
    ⇒ <BAC=180°-145° = 35°
    Also, <OAT 90° ( radius at the point of contact is perpendicular to tangent)
    ⇒ <BAT+<OAB = 90°
    ⇒ <BAT = 90° -35° (: <CAB = <OAB)
    = 55°
    So, option (b) is correct.

    5. (b) Here, <PAB = 72°


    :- OAP = 90° (;- OA I AP)
    <OAB + PAB = 90°
    = <OAB = 90° - 72° = 18°
    Also, <AOB=132° (given)
    Now in ∆OAB,
    <ABO+<BAO+<AOB = 180°
    (by angle sum property of triangle)
    <ABO = 180° - 132° -18° = 30°
    :. <ABC + <ABO= 30°
    So, option (b) is correct.

    Case Study 3
    In a math class-IX, the teacher draws two circles that touch each other externally at point
    M with centres A and B and radii 5 cm and 4 cm respectively as shown in the figure.

    Based on the above information, solve the following questions:

    Q1. Find the value of PX.

    Q2. Find the value of QY.

    Q3. Show that PS2 = PM-PX.

    Or

    Show that TQ² = YQ.MQ

    Solutions
    1. Here, AS = 5 cm and BT = 4 cm (*:* radii of circles)
    Since, radius at point of contact is perpendicular to tangent.
    3. In right-angled ∆ASP,

    PS²=PA2-A52

    = PA2-AM2 [:- AS = AM (radii)]

    = (PA + AM) (PA - AM)

    = (PA + AM) (PA - AX)

    = PM-PX [:- AM = AX (radii)] Hence proved.

    Or

    TQ2²=BQ2-TB2
    = (BQ - TB) (BQ + TB) (:- TB = MB (radii))
    (BQ-MB) (BQ + MB)
    (BQ-BY) MQ [:- MB = BY (radii)]
    YQ.MQ (:- BQ+ MB = MQ, BQ - BY = YQ) Hence proved.

    Case Study 4
    If a tangent is drawn to a circle from an external point, then the radius at the point of
    contact is perpendicular to the tangent.

    Based on the above information, solve the following questions:

    Q1. In the given figure, O is the centre of two concentric circles. From an external point P
    tangents PA and PB are drawn to these circles such that PA = 6 cm and PB = 8 cm. If OP =
    10 cm, then find the value of AB.

    Q2. The diameter of two concentric circles are 10 cm and 6 cm. AB is a diameter of the
    bigger circle and BD is the tangent to the smaller circle touching it at D and intersecting
    the larger circle at P on producing. Find the length of BP.
    Q3. Two concentric circles are such that the difference between their radii is 4 cm and
    the length of the chord of the larger circle which touches the smaller circle is 24 cm. Then
    find the radius of the smaller circle.

    Or

    If AB is a chord of a circle with centre O, AOC is a diameter and AT is the tangent at A as


    shown in figure. Prove that <BAT = <ACB.

    Solutions
    1. Since, radius is perpendicular to the tangent.
    .. OB I BP and OA I AP
    Now in right-angled ∆OBP and ∆OAP,
    Here, OP2 - PB2 - 0B2 and OP2 - PA2 = OA²
    Since, chord BP is bisected by radius OD.
    .. BP = 2 BD = 2 x 4 = 8 cm.

    3. Let x be the radius of smaller circle, then (x+4) be the radius of larger circle,

    Since, radius is perpendicular to the tangent.


    .. OD I AB
    Now in right-angled ∆ODA,
    OA² = OD² + AD2 (by Pythagoras theorem)
    ⇒(x+4)²= x²+122
    >>8x+16=144
    x= 16 cm

    Or

    Since, AC is a diameter, so the angle in a semi-circle will be 90°.


    In ∆ABC,
    :- <ABC = 90°
    <CAB+ <ABC + <ACB=180°
    (sum of interior angles of a triangle)
    = <CAB + <ACB=180°-90°-90° (1)
    Since, the diameter of the circle is the perpendicular to the tangent.
    i.e.. CA I AT
    :- <CAT=90°
    => <CAB+ <BAT 90° ...(2)
    From (1) and (2), we get
    <CAB+<ACB= <CAB + <BAT
    <ACB = <BAT Hence proved.

    Case Study 5
    Circles play an important part in our life. When a circular object is hung on the wall with
    a chord at nail N, the chords NA and NB work like tangents. Observe the figure, given
    that
    <ANO = 30° and OA = 5 cm. [CBSE 2023]

    Based on the above information, solve the following questions:

    Q1. Find the distance AN.

    Q2. Find the measure of <AOB.

    Q3. Find the total length of chords NA, NB and the chord AB.

    Or

    Name the type of quadrilateral OANB. Justify your answer.


    Solutions
    1.

    2. :- <ANO = <BNO = 30°


    = <ANB=2x <ANO = 2 x 30° = 60°
    :- OA I AN and OB I BN
    :- <OAN = <OBN=90°
    Now in quadrilateral OANB,
    <AOB + <OAN + <OBN + <ANB = 360°
    = <AOB+90°+90° +60° = 360°
    :- <AOB = 360°-240° = 120°

    3. In ∆AOB,
    OA = OB (radii of circle)
    = <OAB = <OBA 0 (Say)
    :- <OAB + <OBA + <AOB = 180°
    (by angle sum property]
    = 0+0+120° 180° (:- ZAOB = 120°)
    ⇒20=60° = 0=30°
    :- <OAB = <OBA = 30°
    :- <OAN = <OAB + <BAN
    :- 90° = 30°+<BAN
    ⇒ <BAN= 90° -30° = 60°
    Similarly, <ABN = 60°
    <ANB = <BAN = <ABN = 60°
    :- ∆ANB is an equilateral triangle.
    :- Total length of chords = NA + NB+ AB
    (:- AN = BN AB =5√3 cm)
    =5√3+5√3+5√3
    = 15√3 cm
    From above parts,
    <OAN = <OBN=90°
    But <AOB = <ANB
    Also, AN = BN = 5√3 cm
    (the length of two tangents drawn from an external point of a circle are equal.]
    and OA OB 5 cm (Radii)
    In quadrilateral OANB,
    longer diagonal ON bisect shorter diagonal AB perpendicularly.
    (: the perpendicular from the centre of a circle to a chord bisect the chord)
    Hence, the special name of quadrilateral OANB is kite.
    Case Study 7

    Case Study 8
    Case Study 9

    Case Study 10
    Case Study 11
    Case Study 12
    Case Study 13
    Case Study 14
    Case Study 15
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