evsjv‡`‡k G‡ivcwb· c×wZ‡Z gvbm¤úbœ

exR Avjy (wgwb-wUDevi) Drcv`b

K›`vj
exRdmj
cÖhyw³
M‡elYv
wefvM†K›`ª
evsjv‡`k K…wl M‡elYv Bbw÷wUDU
Rq‡`ecyi, MvRxcyi-1701
evsjv‡`‡k G‡ivcwb· c×wZ‡Z gvbm¤úbœ
exR Avjy (wgwb-wUDevi) Drcv`b

iPbvq
W. †gvnv¤§` wRqvDj nK
W. Zcb Kzgvi cvj
W. wegj P›`ª KzÛy
G. wU. Gg. ZvbwRgyj Bmjvg
W. †gv. gwbiæj Bmjvg
W. †gv. QvgQzj Avjg
W. nwi`vm P›`ª †gvnšÍ
†gv. gv‡R`yj Bmjvg

m¤úv`bvq
†Reyb †bQv
W. †gvnv. gwbiæ¾vgvb
W. `x`vi myjZvbv
†gv. nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb
†gv. Avj-Avwgb

K›`vj dmj M‡elYv †K›`ª

evsjv‡`k K…wl M‡elYv Bbw÷wUDU
Rq‡`ecyi, MvRxcyi-1701
cÖKvkKvj
GwcÖj 2019
2,000 Kwc

cÖKvkbvq
m¤úv`bv I cÖKvkbv
cÖwkÿY I †hvMv‡hvM DBs
evsjv‡`k K…wl M‡elYv Bbw÷wUDU
Rq‡`ecyi, MvRxcyi-1701, evsjv‡`k
†dvb : 02 49270038
B-†gBj: [email protected]

we¯ÍvwiZ Z‡_¨i Rb¨ †hvMv‡hvM

K›`vj dmj M‡elYv †K›`ª
evsjv‡`k K…wl M‡elYv Bbw÷wUDU
Rq‡`ecyi, MvRxcyi-1701

¯^Z¡ msiw¶Z
evsjv‡`k K…wl M‡elYv Bbw÷wUDU

gy`ª‡Y
w` XvKv wcÖ›Uvm©
67/wW, MÖxY‡ivW, cvš’c_
XvKv-1205
†dvb : 01822828869
Correct citation
Hoque, M. Z., T. K. Paul, B. C. Kundu, A. T. M. Tanjimul Islam, M. M.
Islam, M. S. Alam, H. C. Mohanta and M. M. Islam. 2019. Quality Seed
Potato (Mini-tuber) Production Using Aeroponics System in
Bangladesh. Tuber Crops Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur.
 f~wgKv
Avjy eZ©gvb wek¦ Z_v evsjv‡`‡ki GKwU AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Lv`¨ dmj| GUv
kxZ cÖavb †`‡ki cÖavb Lv`¨ wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡jI evsjv‡`kmn Gwkqv
gnv‡`‡ki wewfbœ †`‡k GwU cÖavbZt mewR wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K| AwaK
djb, ¯^í RxebKvj I D”P cywógv‡bi Kvi‡Y MZ K‡qK `k‡K Avjy
evsjv‡`‡ki GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© dmj wn‡m‡e cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i‡Q| †`‡ki
µgea©gvb RbmsL¨vi Lv`¨ I cywó wbivcËvq AvjyB av‡bi GKgvÎ weKí
dmj| mv¤úªwZKKv‡j G †`‡k Avjyi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Drcv`b e„w×, ißvwbi
gva¨‡g ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªv AR©b, Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó I e¨emvi my‡hvM e„w× cvIqvq G
†`‡k Avjyi Drcv`b I evRviRvZKiY evwbwR¨K iƒc wb‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q Ges
G †`‡ki A_©bxwZ‡Z we‡kl Ae`vb ivLvi my‡hvM m„wó K‡i‡Q (Jalil Bhuyan
and Saha, 2017)|
MZ 2016-17 A_© eQ‡i evsjv‡`‡k 70-80 jÿ †gwUªK Ub Pvwn`vi wecix‡Z
4.99 jÿ †n±i Rwg‡Z 102 jÿ †gwUªK Ub Avjy Drcvw`Z n‡q‡Q Ges Mo
djb wQj 20 †gwUªK Ub/†n±i (BBS, 2018)| A_©vr eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`k
DØ„Ë Avjy Drcv`bKvix †`k| G ch©šÍ K›`vj dmj M‡elYv †K›`ª,
weGAviAvB, 79wU Avjyi RvZ D™¢veb K‡i‡Q| hv‡`i AwaKvs‡ki djb
mÿgZv 40 †gwUªK Ub ev ZviI AwaK| ïaygvÎ gvbm¤úbœ exR, D”P djbkxj
RvZ I AvaywbK Kjv‡KŠkj e¨envi K‡iB GB Mo djb mn‡RB 30 †gwUªK
U‡b DbœxZ Kiv m¤¢e| djb GKk jÿ U‡b w¯’i †i‡L, Mo djb 30 †gwUªK
U‡b DbœxZ Kiv †M‡j, cÖvq 2 jÿ †n±i Rwg Avjy Pv‡li AvIZv †_‡K †ei K‡i
Avbv hv‡e, †hLv‡b Ab¨vb¨ D”P g~‡j¨i dmj Pvl K‡i †`kR Drcv`b e„w× Z_v
Lv`¨ I cywó wbivcËv wbwðZ Kiv m¤¢e n‡e|
G †`†k Avjy Pv‡li cÖavb AšÍivq n‡”Q gvbm¤úbœ I †ivMgy³ exR Avjyi mnR
cÖvc¨Zv| eZ©gv‡b †`‡k gvbm¤úbœ exR Avjyi Pvwn`v cÖvq 8-10 jÿ †gwUªK
Ub| G Pvwn`vi wecix‡Z mKj miKvwi I †emiKvwi cÖwZôvb wg‡j gvÎ
10-12% gvbm¤úbœ exR Avjy mieivn Ki‡Z mÿg| gvbm¤úbœ I †ivMgy³
exR Avjy Drcv`b Ki‡Z AvaywbK I Rxe cÖhyw³i weKí †bB| ZvB AvaywbK I
Rxe cÖhyw³i (wUmy¨ KvjPvi) gva¨‡g DbœZgv‡bi exR Avjy Drcv`b K‡i G
†`†ki exR Avjyi Avg`vwb wbf©iZv †hgb Kwg‡q Avbv m¤¢e, †Zgwb †`‡k
D™¢vweZ DbœZ I D”P djbkxj RvZmg~‡ni exR `ªæZ K…l‡Ki gv‡S Qwo‡q
†`qvI m¤¢e| wUmy¨ KvjPvi cÖhyw³i gva¨‡g B†Zvg‡a¨ evsjv‡`‡ki K‡qKwU
miKvwi cÖwZôvb (†hgb- evsjv‡`k K…wl M‡elYv Bbw÷wUDU, evsjv‡`k K…wl
Dbœqb K‡c©v‡ikb I AviwWG) I †emiKvwi ch©v‡q †ek K‡qKwU cÖwZôvb exR
Avjy Drcv`b Ki‡Q| cÖPwjZ c×wZ‡Z wUmy¨ KvjPv‡ii gva¨‡g Drcvw`Z
†ivMgy³ cøv›U‡jU †_‡K †bU nvD‡R gvwU‡Z wgwb-wUDevi Drcvw`Z nq| wKš‘
GB c×wZ‡Z Drcvw`Z wgwb-wUDev‡ii msL¨v I djb A‡bK Kg| ZvQvovI

3
gvwUevwnZ †iv‡M AvµvšÍ nIqvi m¤¢vebv A‡bK †ewk _v‡K| GB mgm¨v
wbimbK‡í AvaywbK c×wZi e¨envi AZxe Riæwi| G‡ivcwb· †Zgwb GKwU
AvaywbK c×wZ, †hLv‡b †Kvb iKg gvwUi ¯úk© QvovB Dw™¢`‡K GKwU cøvUd‡g©
¯’vcb K‡i wkKo I †÷vjb evqy‡Z Swzj‡q Lv‡`¨vcv`vb wgwkÖZ cvwbi `ªeY
a~gvwqZ c×wZ‡Z wbw`©ó mgq ci ci wkK‡o †¯úª K‡i dmj Drcv`b Kiv nq|
GB c×wZ‡Z Mv‡Qi wkKo m¤ú~Y© evqexq Ae¯’vq _vKvq wkKo ch©vß e„w×
cvq| djkÖæwZ‡Z dm‡ji djbI e„w× cvq I gvwUevwnZ †iv‡Mi AvµgY †_‡K
MvQ I wgwb-wUDevi iÿv cvq| †ciæ‡Z Aew¯’Z AvšÍR©vwZK Avjy M‡elYv
†K›`ª, Avgv‡`i cvk¦©eZ©x †`k fviZ I kÖxjsKvmn we‡k^i wewfbœ †`k B‡Zvg‡a¨
GB cÖhyw³ e¨envi K‡i mdjfv‡e gvbm¤úbœ I †ivMgy³ exR Avjy
(wgwb-wUDevi) Drcv`b Ki‡Q| MZ A_©eQ‡i (2017-18) K›`vj dmj
M‡elYv †K›`ª, weGAviAvB, evsjv‡`‡k cÖ_g ev‡ii gZ G‡ivcwb· bvgK bZzb
G cÖhyw³wU †`kxq c×wZ‡Z ˆZwi K‡i cixÿv ¯’vc‡bi gva¨‡g cuvPwU Rv‡Zi
wgwb-wUDevi Drcv`‡b mdjZv AR©b K‡i‡Q| G cixÿvi g~j D‡Ïk¨ wQj
Avjyi gvbm¤úbœ I †ivMgy³ wgwb-wUDevi Drcv`‡b †`kxq c×wZ‡Z ˆZwiK…Z
G c×wZi Dc‡hvwMZv hvPvB Ges fwel¨‡Z G c×wZi evwYwR¨KxKiY| K›`vj
dmj M‡elYv †K›`ª, weGAviAvB B‡Zvg‡a¨ cª_g D‡Ïk¨ c~i‡Y mdj n‡q‡Q
Ges wØZxq D‡Ïk¨ c~i‡Y Ab¨vb¨ M‡elYv KvR Pvwj‡q hv‡”Q| G c×wZi
evwYwR¨KxKiY Kivi j‡ÿ¨, mnRfv‡e GB eyK‡jUwU ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv‡Z
exR Drcv`bKvix cÖwZôvb¸‡jv I AvMÖnx cvVK mn‡RB G c×wZwU Abyaveb
I AbymiY Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

G‡ivcwb· c×wZi †KŠkj

G c×wZ‡Z MvQ _vK‡e cøvUd‡g©i Dci Avi wkKo I †÷vjb Sz‡j _vK‡e g~j
÷ªvKPv‡ii wfZi| Lv‡`¨vcv`vb wgwkÖZ
cvwbi `ªeY a~gvwqZ c×wZ‡Z wbw`©ó mgq ci
ci wkK‡o †¯úª K‡i MvQ Rb¥v‡bv I
wgwb-wUDevi Drcv`b Kiv nq| wkKo,
†÷vjb I wgwb-wUDevi m¤ú~Y© AÜKvi
cwi‡e‡k _v‡K| GB c×wZ‡Z Dw™¢`
Rb¥v‡bvi m¤ú~Y© cwi‡ekwU †ivM I
†cvKv-gvKogy³ _vKvq, gvwU‡Z Rb¥v‡bv MvQ
†_‡K G MvQ AwaKZi mej nq I `ªæZ e„w×
cvq| G cÖhyw³i cÖ‡qvRbxq Dcv`vb¸‡jv
n‡jv- GKwU cøvUdg©, Lv‡`¨vcv`vb wgwkÖZ
cvwbi `ªeY, Lv‡`¨vcv`vb mieivn U¨vsK,
¯^qswµq Lv‡`¨vcv`vb mieivn c×wZ I
wPÎ: G‡ivcwb· c×wZi g~j †KŠkj
wbiwew”Qbœ we`y¨r cÖevn|
(mn‡hvMxZvq: Otazu, 2010)

4
cÖPwjZ c×wZi Zzjbvq G‡ivcwb· c×wZi myweavmg~n
` cÖPwjZ c×wZi Zzjbvq GK †gŠmy‡gB `k ¸Y †ewk djb cvIqv hvq
(Otazu, 2010)|
` gvbm¤úbœ (fvBivm I gvwUevwnZ †ivMgy³) exR Avjy Drcv`b Kiv hvq
(Otazu, 2010)|
` eQ‡i 2-3 evi dmj PµvKv‡i Kiv m¤¢e|
` Lv‡`¨vcv`vb I cvwbi e¨envi me©wb¤œ nq (Mbiya et al., 2012)|
` µgvMZ wgwb-wUDevi msMÖ‡ni Kvi‡Y AwaK Drcv`b I ex‡Ri AvKvi
wbqš¿Y Kiv hvq (Mbiya et al., 2012)|
` Mv‡Qi e„w× I †ivMevjvB `g‡b ev‡qv-G‡R›U mn‡R e¨envi Kiv hvq
(Mbiya et al., 2012)|
` jeYv³Zv I Liv cÖwZ‡ivax RvZ D™¢ve‡bi M‡elYvq e¨envi Kiv hvq|
` Dj¤^ K…wli M‡elYvq e¨envi Kiv hvq|
` wbivc` K…wl cY¨ Drcv`b Kiv hvq|
` cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vMwenxb dmj Drcv`b Kiv hvq|

G‡ivcwb· c×wZi mxgve×Zv

` GB cÖhyw³wU m¤ú~Y©fv‡e we`y¨r wbf©i|
` mviv eQi wgwb-wUDevi Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ wbqwš¿Z cwi‡ek (MÖxb nvDR)
cÖ‡qvRb|
` cÖv_wgK e¨q †ewk|
` cÖwkÿY cÖvß Kg©x cÖ‡qvRb|
cÖPwjZ I G‡ivcwb· c×wZ‡Z exR Avjy Drcv`‡bi Zzjbvg~jK wPÎ
cÖPwjZ †bU nvD‡R exR Avjy Drcv`b
GKwU cøv›U‡jU †_‡K 10 wU wgwb- 100 wU exR Avjy
GKwU GK erm‡i 10 wU wUDevi †_‡K 100 †_‡K 1000 wU
cøv›U‡jU wgwb-wUDevi (1g wU exR Avjy (2q exR Avjy (3q
ermi- †bU nvDR) ermi- †bU nvDR) ermi- †bU nvDR)

G‡ivcwb· c×wZ‡Z MÖxb nvBR I †bU nvD‡R exR Avjy Drcv`b

GKwU cøv›U‡jU †_‡K 300 wU wgwb-wUDevi 3,000 wU exR Avjy

GKwU 100 × erm‡i 3 evi †_‡K 3,000 wU †_‡K 30,000 wU
cøv›U‡jU = 300 wU wgwb-wUDevi exR Avjy (2q exR Avjy (3q
(1g ermi- MÖxb nvDR) ermi- †bU nvDR) ermi- †bU nvDR)

5
GK erm‡i cÖPwjZ c×wZi Zzjbvq wgwb-wUDevi e„w× cvq 30 ¸Y Ges exR
Drcv`b Pµ K‡g hv‡e 3-4 wU| hvi d‡j K„lK 3-4 cÖR‡b¥i exR Avjy cv‡e
6-7 cÖR‡b¥i exR Avjyi cwie‡Z©| Kg cÖR‡b¥i exR Avjy gv‡b Kg †ivMvµvšÍ
I AwaK gvbm¤úbœ|
mviYx-1: cÖPwjZ I G‡ivcwb· c×wZi Zzjbv
cÖPwjZ c×wZ‡Z †bU G‡ivcwb· c×wZ‡Z
µwgK
weeiY nvD‡R wgwb-wUDevi MÖxb nvD‡R wgwb-
bs
Drcv`b wUDevi Drcv`b
1 wgwb-wUDevi Drcv`b M‡o MvQ cªwZ 10 wU M‡o MvQ cªwZ 100 wU
wgwb-wUDevi wgwb-wUDevi
Drcvw`Z nq Drcvw`Z nq
2 Drcv`b †gŠmyg/ermi GKevi (kxZKv‡j) (mviv ermi) wZb evi
3 †ivMevjvB fvBivm †ivMgy³ fvBivm I gvwU evwnZ
†ivMgy³
4 exR Avjyi ¸Yv¸Y fvj DËg
5 gvV ch©v‡q exR Avjy ¯^vfvweK cÖPwjZ c×wZi gZB
†_‡K exR Avjyi ¯^vfvweK
Drcv`b
6 cvwb I Lv‡`¨vcv`v‡bi wbgœ D”P
e¨envi `ÿZv
7 exR Avjyi AvKvi m¤¢e m¤¢e bq
wbqš¿Y

G‡ivcwb· c×wZ‡Z ÷ªvKPvi ˆZwii †KŠkj

A¨vjywgwbqvg I †÷Bb‡jm w÷j Gi mgš^‡q GKwU 4.5 × 1.5 × 1.2 Nb wg.
AvqZ‡bi G‡ivcwb· cøvUdg© AvšÍR©vwZK Avjy M‡elYv †K‡›`ªi MvBWjvB‡bi
Av‡jv‡K †`kxq DcKiY e¨envi K‡i iƒcvšÍwiZ c×wZ‡Z ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q|
wbDwUª‡q›U U¨vsK, GK nm© cvIqvi gUi, A‡Uv‡gwUK wgw÷s †gwkbmn me©‡gvU
LiP n‡qwQj 4 jÿ UvKv hv 20-25 ermi ch©šÍ e¨envi Kiv hv‡e| we¯ÍvwiZ
G‡ivcwb· cøvUdg© ˆZixi welqvejx wb‡¤œ †cøU 1 (K-P) G wPÎvwqZ n‡jv|

6
 K. G‡ivcwb· cøvUdg© L. G‡ivcwb· cøvUd‡g©i M. wgw÷s c×wZ
(4.5 × 1.5 × 1.2 N. wg.) Dc‡ii `„k¨

N. A‡Uv‡gwUK wgw÷s hš¿ O. GK nm© cvIqvi gUi P. wbDwUª‡q›U U¨v¼ (300 wj.)
‡cøU 1(K-P)t G‡ivcwb· ÷ªvKPv‡ii A‡Uv‡gwUK wgw÷s hš¿, GK nm© cvIqvi gUi,
I wbDwUª‡q›U U¨v¼mn (300 wj.) MVb †KŠkj
G‡ivcwb· c×wZ‡Z Pviv Drcv`b †KŠkj
G‡ivcwb‡·i Rb¨ wUmy¨ KvjPvi c×wZ‡Z fvBivmgy³ cøv›U‡jU Drcv`b
G‡ivcwb· c×wZi Rb¨ cøv›U‡jU Drcv`b Ki‡Z n‡e wUmy¨ KvjPvi c×wZ‡Z
hv‡Z cøv›U‡jU¸‡jv fvBivmgy³ nq| wUmy¨ KvjPvi c×wZ‡Z cøv›U‡jU Drcv`b
†KŠkj wb‡¤œ †cøU 2 (K-P) G wPÎvwqZ n‡jv|

K. Avjyi ¯úªvDU L. wjd cÖvB‡gvwWqvmn †gwi‡÷g M. wgwWqv‡Z G·cøv›U

¯’vcb

N. †U÷wUD‡e cøv›U‡jU O. cøv›U‡jU mve-KvjPvi P. AwaK cwigvY cøv›U‡jU

Drcv`b Drcv`b
†cøU 2 (K-P): wUmy¨KvjPvi c×wZ‡Z Avjyi cøv›U‡jU Drcv`b †KŠkj

7
cøv›U‡jU nv‡W©wbs Ges Ab¨vb¨ cÖwµqvq msL¨v e„w×i gva¨‡g AwaK msL¨K
Avjyi Pviv Drcv`b
cøv›U‡jU nv‡W©wbs I cøvUd‡g© ¯’vcb
G‡ivcwb· c×wZ‡Z jvMv‡bvi Rb¨ wUmy¨ KvjPvi c×wZ‡Z Drcvw`Z my¯’ mej
cøv›U‡jU evQvB Kivi ci cøv›U‡j‡Ui mv‡_ hy³ wgwWqv AcmviY Kiv nq|
Zvici cøv›U‡jU¸‡jv‡K QÎvKbvk‡Ki (WvB‡_b Gg 45 @0.2%) `ªe‡Y 4-5
wgwbU †i‡L RxevYygy³ Kiv nq| GB cøv›U‡jU¸‡jv cieZ©x‡Z RxevYygy³ evwj
fwZ© nv‡W©wbs †Uª‡Z ¯’vcb K‡i `yB mßvn †i‡L ch©vß wkKo m„wói ci Zv
G‡ivcwb· cøvUd‡g© jvMv‡Z nq| cøv›U‡jU nv‡W©wbs I cøvUd‡g© ¯’vcb Gi
†KŠkj wkí †cøU 3(K-N) wPÎvwqZ nj|

K. cøv›U‡jU L. cøv›U‡jU †_‡K M. nv‡W©wbs N. cøv›U‡jU cøvUd‡g©

wgwWqv AcmviY ¯’vbvšÍi
†cøU 3(K-N): cøv›U‡jU nv‡W©wbs Gi ci cøvUd‡g© ¯’vcb †KŠkj
Uc my¨U KvwUs Gi gva¨‡g Drcvw`Z Pviv G‡ivcwb· cøvUd‡g© ¯’vcb
wUmy¨ KvjPvi c×wZ‡Z Drcvw`Z my¯’ mej cøv›U‡jU RxevYygy³ evwj m¤^wjZ
nv‡W©wbs †Uª‡Z `yB mßvn †i‡L ch©vß wkKo m„wó Kiv nq| Zvici Zv Avevi
RxevYygy³ evwj, †Kv‡Kv Wv÷ I ˆRe c`v_© (1t1t1) wgwkÖZ c‡U Rwb¥‡q ch©vß
KvÐ ˆZwi K‡i Zv †_‡K Uc my¨U KvwUs ˆZwi Kiv nq| GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h, Pviv
U‡e jvMv‡bvi `yB mßvn ci Uc my¨UwU †K‡U w`‡j H Pviv †_‡K ch©vß kvLv
ˆZwi n‡e| Gfv‡e GKwU cøv›U‡jU †_‡K 2-3 ev‡i 20-30 Uc my¨U KvwUs ˆZwi
Kiv m¤¢e| Uc my¨U KvwUs ˆZwi Kivi ci `ªæZ g~‡ji e„w×i Rb¨ KuvUv As‡k
†ivUb bvgK ni‡gvb cvDWvi jvwM‡q RxevYygy³ evwji †Uª‡Z jvMv‡j `yB
mßv‡ni g‡a¨ ch©vß wkKo m„wó nq| cieZ©x‡Z wkKohy³ Uc my¨U KvwUs wWw÷ì
IqvUvi w`‡q †aŠZ K‡i I WvB‡_b Gg-45 bvgK QÎvKbvk‡Ki 0.2% `ªe‡Y
†kvab K‡i Zvici Zv G‡ivcwb· cøvUd‡g© jvMv‡Z n‡e| Uc my¨U KvwUs ˆZwi
I cøvUd‡g© ¯’vcb Gi we¯ÍvwiZ cÖwµqvwU wb‡¤œ †cøU 4(K-P) G wPÎvwqZ n‡jv|

K. cøv›U‡jU L. nv‡W©wbs M. c‡U cøv›U‡j‡Ui e„w×

8
 N. Ucmy¨U KvwUs O. Ucmy¨U KvwUs †_‡K P. cøv›U‡jU cøvUd‡g©
ˆZwiK…Z Pviv ¯’vbvšÍi
†cøU 4 (K-P) t Uc my¨U KvwUs Gi gva¨‡g Drcvw`Z Pviv G‡ivcwb· cøvUd‡g© ¯’vcb †KŠkj
†÷vjb KvwUs Gi gva¨‡g Drcvw`Z Pviv G‡ivcwb· cøvUd‡g© ¯’vcb
GwU Pviv Drcv`‡bi bZzb Ges AZ¨šÍ mvkÖqx c×wZ| G‡ivcwb· cøvUd‡g©
jvMv‡bv Avjyi cøv›U‡jU/Pviv †_‡K 45-55 w`b ci cÖPzi †÷vjb †ei n‡Z
_v‡K| GB †÷vjb¸‡jv gv‡S gv‡SB cÖæwbs/‡Qu‡U w`‡Z nq hv‡Z Aewkó
†÷vj‡b †ewk wUDevi ev K›` a‡i| GB QuvUvB Kiv AcÖ‡qvRbxq †÷vjb
e¨envi K‡iB ch©vß my¯’ mej Pviv ˆZwi Kiv hvq| cÖ_‡g QuvUvB Kiv †÷vjb‡K
Ggbfv‡e KvU‡Z n‡e †hb cÖwZwU KvwUs G 4-5 wU †bvW _v‡K| AZtci
†m¸‡jv‡K iæwUs ni‡gv‡b wKQzÿY (4-5 wgwbU) Wzwe‡q ivL‡Z n‡e| Gici
KvwUs¸‡jv wKQzÿY wUmy¨ †ccv‡ii Dci ¯’vcb K‡i ﮋ I VvÐv RvqMvq †i‡L
cvwb ïwK‡q †m¸‡jv RxevYygy³ evwji †Uª‡Z jvMv‡Z nq| jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e †hb
jvMv‡bvi mgq †÷vjb KvwUs Gi gv_vmn AšÍZ GKwU †bvW evwji Dc‡i
_v‡K| jvMv‡bvi ciB m¤ú~Y© †UªwU mwVKfv‡e cvwb w`‡q wfwR‡q w`‡Z n‡e|
7-14 w`‡bi g‡a¨B my¯’ mej Pviv ˆZwi nq hv G‡ivcwb· cøvUd‡g© A_ev
Ab¨Î †ivcY Kiv hvq| †÷vjb KvwUs Gi gva¨‡g Drcvw`Z Pviv G‡ivcwb·
cøvUd‡g© ¯’vc‡bi we¯ÍvwiZ cÖwµqvwU wb‡¤œ †cøU 5(K-N) G wPÎvwqZ n‡jv|

K. †÷vjb KvwUs ˆZwi L. †÷vjb KvwUs M. Drcvw`Z Pviv N. Pviv cøvUd‡g©

evwj‡Z ¯’vcb ¯’vbvšÍi
†cøU 5(K-N) t †÷vjb KvwUs Gi gva¨‡g Drcvw`Z Pviv G‡ivcwb· cøvUd‡g©
¯’vcb †KŠkj
G‡ivcwb· c×wZ‡Z Lv‡`¨vcv`v‡bi `ªeY ˆZwii Kjv‡KŠkj (Otazu, 2010)
GB c×wZi mvdj¨ A‡bKvs‡k wbf©i K‡i ivmvqwbK `ªeY ˆZwii Dci| ZvB
ivmvqwbK `ªeY ˆZwii mgq we‡kl mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Kiv evÂbxq| wb‡¤œ `ªeY
ˆZwii wewfbœ avc eY©bv Kiv n‡jv|

9
Lv‡`¨vcv`v‡bi `ªeY ˆZwii cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKi‡Yi ZvwjKv
1) mvaviY e¨v‡jÝ, 2) B‡jKwUªK e¨v‡jÝ, 3) dv‡bj, 4) Pv PvgP, 5) gvK©vi,
6) cøvw÷K e¨vM, 7) wUmy¨ †ccvi, 8) †gRvwis d¬v· (500 wg. wj., 1,000 wg.
wj., 2,000 wg. wj. I 3,000 wg. wj.), 9) Kvu‡Pi cvÎ, 10) ÷vqvi †gwkb,
11) gU©vi I †c÷j, 12) cøvw÷K K‡›Ubvi (5 I 10 wjUvi) 4 wU, 13) wcGBP
wgUvi, 14) Bwm wgUvi BZ¨vw`|
mviYx-2: ÷K mwjDkb ˆZwii Rb¨ †h mKj ivmvqwbK Dcv`v‡bi cÖ‡qvRb
Zvi ZvwjKv I cwigvY
gwjKzjvi I‡qU
ivmvqwbK Dcv`vb ivmvqwbK ms‡KZ cwigvY (MÖvg)
(MÖvg/‡gvj)
÷K mwjDkb ÔGÕ 5 wjUvi
K¨vjwmqvg mycvi Ca3O8P2 310.174 180.0
dm‡dU
A¨v‡gvwbqvg NH4NO3 80.043 350.0
bvB‡UªU*
cUvwmqvg bvB‡UªU KNO3 101.103 550.0
÷K mwjDkb ÔweÕ 2 wjUvi
Kcvi mvj‡dU CuSO4.5H2O 159.609 1.0
wRsK mvj‡dU ZnSO4.7H2O 161.470 1.7
A¨v‡gvwbqvg (NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O 1163.900 0.2
gwje‡WU
ewiK GwmW H3BO3 61.830 3.0
g¨v½vwbR mvj‡dU MnSO4.H2O 151.001 5.0
g¨vM‡bwmqvg MgSO4. 6H2O 120.366 220.0
mvj‡dU
Avqib BwWwUG C10H13FeN2O8 345.065 17.0

* K›` †ei nIqvi mgq A¨v‡gvwbqvg bvB‡Uª‡Ui cwigvY A‡a©K K‡i w`‡Z
n‡e|

10
cÖ¯‘Z cÖYvjx
÷K mwjDkb ÔGÕ (g¨v‡µv-wbDwUª‡q›U)
avc-1
GKwU 2 wjUv‡ii Kuv‡Pi cv‡Î 500 wg. wj. RxevYygy³ cvwbi g‡a¨ 180 MÖvg
K¨vjwmqvg mycvi dm‡dU gU©vi I †c÷‡ji Øviv fvjfv‡e wgwk‡q 24 NÈv
†i‡L w`‡Z n‡e| Zvici Dc‡ii ¯^”Q `ªeY †i‡L A`&ªeYxq c`v_© †d‡j w`‡Z
n‡e|
avc-2
g¨vM‡bwUK ÷vqv‡ii Dci wZb wjUvi RxevYygy³ cvwbmn GKwU Kuv‡Pi cvÎ
¯’vcb K‡i cÖ_‡g 350 MÖvg A¨v‡gvwbqvg bvB‡UªU Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í †gkv‡Z n‡e|
A¨v‡gvwbqvg bvB‡UªU †gkv‡bv †kl n‡j 550 MÖvg cUvwkqvg bvB‡UªUI Av‡¯Í
Av‡¯Í †gkv‡Z n‡e|
AZci, avc-1 (K¨vjwmqvg mycvi dm‡d‡Ui `ªeY) I avc-2 (cUvwkqvg
bvB‡UªU I A¨v‡gvwbqvg bvB‡UªU) Gi `ªeY `ywU GKmv‡_ wgwk‡q †gvU `ªeY
RxevYygy³ cvwb‡hv‡M 5 wjUvi Ki‡Z n‡e| GB `ªeYB n‡jv ÷K mwjDkb
ÔGÕ|
÷K mwjDkb ÔweÕ (gvB‡µv-wbDwUª‡q›U)
avc-1
g¨vM‡bwUK ÷vqv‡ii Dci GKwU Kuv‡Pi cv‡Î 1000 wg. wj. RxevYygy³ cvwbi
g‡a¨ 1 MÖvg Kcvi mvj‡dU, 1.7 MÖvg wRsK mvj‡dU, 0.2 MÖvg A¨v‡gvwbqvg
gwje‡WU, 3 MÖvg ewiK GwmW I 5 MÖvg g¨v½vwbR mvj‡dU µgvbymv‡i GKwUi
ci GKwU fvjfv‡e †gkv‡Z n‡e|
avc-2
g¨vM‡bwUK ÷vqv‡ii Dci Aci GKwU Kuv‡Pi cv‡Î 1000 wg. wj. RxevYygy³
cvwbi g‡a¨ 220 MÖvg g¨vM‡bwmqvg mvj‡dU I 17 MÖvg †dwiK BwWwUG
µgvbymv‡i GKwUi ci GKwU fvjfv‡e Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í †gkv‡Z n‡e|
AZtci, avc-1 Gi 1000 wg. wj. `ªeY †_‡K 400 wg. wj. `ªeY Ges avc-2
Gi mgy`q `ªeY GKmv‡_ wgwk‡q †gvU `ªeY RxevYygy³ cvwb‡hv‡M 2 wjUvi
Ki‡Z n‡e| GB `ªeYB n‡jv ÷K mwjDkb ÔweÕ|
wbDwUª‡q›U mwjDkb U¨vswK‡Z †gkv‡bvi c×wZ
cÖwZ 100 wj. `ªeY ˆZwi Ki‡Z ÷K mwjDkb ÕGÕ 500 wg. wj. Ges ÷K
mwjDkb ÕweÕ 200 wg. wj. jvM‡e|

11
wbDwUª‡q›U mwjDkb ˆZwii weKí c×wZ
A¨v‡gvwbqvg bvB‡UªU evsjv‡`‡k wbwl× ivmvqwbK c`v_© nIqvq GwU cvIqv
`yiƒn Ges `vg A‡bK †ewk| ZvB weKí wn‡m‡e wb‡¤œi `ªeY e¨envi Kiv †h‡Z
cv‡i| Avgv‡`i cixÿvq Gi fvj djvdj cvIqv †M‡Q|
mviYx-3: `k (10) wjUvi ÷K mwjDkb ˆZwii cÖ‡qvRbxq †KwgK¨vj
µwgK
†KwgK¨v‡ji bvg cwigvY (MÖvg)
bs
1. K¨vjwmqvg bvB‡UªU {Ca(NO3)2·4H2O} 118
2. cUvwkqvg nvB‡Wªv‡Rb mvj‡dU (KHSO4) 68
3. cUvwkqvg bvB‡UªU (KNO3) 252
4. g¨vM‡bwkqvg mvj‡dU (MgSO4. 6H2O) 246
5. Avqib BwWwUG (C10H12FeN2O8) 11.7
6. Kcvi mvj‡dU (CuSO4.5H2O) 0.1
7. wRsK mvj‡dU (ZnSO4.7H2O) 0.3
8. A¨v‡gvwbqvg gwje‡WU 0.1
{(NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O}
9. ewiK GwmW (H3BO3) 0.7
10. g¨v½vwbR mvj‡dU (MnSO4.H2O ) 1.5
Avjyi wUDevivB‡Rkb †÷‡R cUvwkqvg bvB‡UªU Gi cwigvY A‡a©K K‡i
w`‡Z n‡e|
cÖwZ 100 wjUvi `ªeY ˆZwi‡Z 2 wjUvi ÷K mwjDkb jvM‡e|

Bwm I wcGBP wgUv‡ii Kvh©cÖYvjx

B‡jKwUªK¨vj KÛvKwUwfwU (Bwm) n‡jv GKwU wbDwUª‡q›U mwjDk‡bi mKj
Lv‡`¨vcv`v‡bi †gvU NbZ¡ hv GKwU wgUvi w`‡q mn‡R cwigvc Kiv hvq| GKwU Nb
`ªe‡bi Bwm Ab¨ GKwU Kg Nb `ªe‡Yi Zzjbvq †ewk nq| mvaviYZ †Wwmwm‡gÝ/wg.
(dS/m) A_ev wgwj wm‡gÝ/†m.wg. (mS/cm) GK‡K Bwm cwigvc Kiv nq| Bwmi
gvb `ªe‡bi †gvU NbZ¡ cÖKvk K‡i, wKš‘ †Kvb wbw`©ó Lv‡`¨vcv`v‡bi cwigvY wb‡`©k
K‡i bv| Bwmi gvb evov‡bvi Rb¨ ivmvqwbK `ªeY †hvM Ki‡Z nq| mvaviYZ
G‡ivcwb· c×wZ‡Z e¨eüZ `ªe‡Yi Bwm 1.75-2.00 dS/m g‡a¨ _vKv fvj|
wcGBP (pH) †Kvb `ªe‡Yi A¤øZ¡ I ÿviKZ¡ cÖKvk K‡i hv mn‡R GKwU wWwRUvj

12
wcGBP wgUvi w`‡q cwigvc Kiv hvq| exR Avjy Drcv`‡b `ªe‡Yi wcGBP 6.5-6.8
nIqv fvj| wcGBP Kgv‡bvi cÖ‡qvRb ci‡j `ªe‡Y Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í nvB‡Wªv‡K¬vwiK
GwmW (80-90%) wgwk‡q wcGBP wba©vwiZ gvÎvq Avb‡Z n‡e| Ab¨w`‡K wcGBP
evov‡bvi cÖ‡qvRb ci‡j `ªe‡Y Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í cUvwkqvg nvB‡WªvA·vBW (80-90%)
wgwk‡q wcGBP wba©vwiZ gvÎvq Avb‡Z n‡e|
AbyK‚j cwi‡ek
K¨v‡¤ú‡bi (2012) g‡Z, G‡ivcwb· c×wZ‡Z wgwb-wUDevi Drcv`b A‡bK
Kvi‡Y cÖfvweZ n‡Z cv‡i, GgbwK Avjyi wkK‡o emevmiZ e¨vK‡UwiqvI|
g~jZt cwi‡ekMZ KviY I Lv‡`¨vcv`vb G‡ivcwbKª c×wZ‡Z wgwb-wUDevi
Drcv`b wbqš¿Y K‡i|
` cwi‡ekMZ Kvi‡Yi g‡a¨ ZvcgvÎv Ab¨Zg cÖavb KviY| w`‡bi ZvcgvÎv
18-200 †m I iv‡Zi ZvcgvÎv 14-150 †m Avjyi K›` ˆZwii Rb¨
me‡P‡q Dc‡hvMx| w`‡bi ZvcgvÎv 150 †m. Gi wb‡P bvg‡j K›` ˆZwi
GK mßvn wejw¤^Z nq| Avi ZvcgvÎv 250 †m. Gi †ewk n‡j K›`
Drcv`b wejw¤^Z nq wZb mßvn|
` ¯^í w`ev ˆ`N©¨ I VvÐv iv‡Zi ZvcgvÎv Avjyi K›` Drcv`b Z¡ivwš^Z K‡i|
Ab¨w`‡K `xN© w`ev ˆ`N©¨, D”P iv‡Zi ZvcgvÎv Ges D”P bvB‡Uªv‡Rb mvi
Avjyi K›` Drcv`b wejw¤^Z K‡i|
` Avjyi K›` ˆZwi‡Z cÖK…Z AÜKvi LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© KviY mvgvb¨ Av‡jvi
cÖfv‡e ˆZwi nIqv †÷vjb bZzb Kv‡Ð iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡Z cv‡i| ZvB
G‡ivcwb· Gi cy‡iv cøvUdg©wU Kv‡jv cwjw_b w`‡q †X‡K w`‡Z n‡e|
` Avjyi †÷vj‡b K›` ˆZwi, mvB‡UvKvBwb‡bi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z Z¡ivwš^Z nq|
wRev‡iwjK GwmW (GA3) I Bw_wjb Avjyi K›` ˆZwi wbiærmvwnZ K‡i|
` G c×wZ‡Z, cÖwZ 20 wgwbU ci ci 10 †m‡KÛ Lv‡`¨vcv`vb wgwkÖZ `ªeY
†¯úª Ki‡Z n‡e| Lv‡`¨vcv`vb wgwkÖZ `ªe‡Yi Bwm †Kvb µ‡gB 2 †Wwm
wm‡gÝ/wg. Gi †ewk n‡Z cvi‡e bv Ges wcGBP n‡Z n‡e 6.5-6.8, †Kvb
fv‡eB Zv 7.3 Gi †ewk n‡Z cvi‡e bv|
` Lv‡`¨vcv`vb wgwkÖZ `ªeY cÖwZ GK gvm ci ci cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡e|
` mgMª Drcv`b †gŠmy‡g Av‡cwÿK Av`ª©Zv 55-60% eRvq ivL‡Z n‡e|
` cixÿv ïiæ nIqvi Av‡M mg¯Í G‡ivcwb· c×wZ msjMœ GjvKv †K¬vi·
(10%) e¨envi K‡i RxevYygy³ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Drcv`b †gŠmyg cy‡ivUvB
cwi®‹vi cwi”Qbœ ivL‡Z n‡e|
†÷vjb cÖæwbs
cøv›U‡jU cøvUd‡g© jvMv‡bvi 80-90 w`b ci †÷vjb cÖæwbs K‡i w`‡j Avjyi
K›` Drcv`b e„w× cvq hv †cøU 6(K-L) wPÎvwqZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

13
 K. cÖæwbs Gi c~‡e© L. cÖæwbs Gi c‡i
†cøU 6(K-L) t K›` Drcv`‡bi Dci †÷vjb cÖæwbs Gi cÖfve
AvšÍtcwiPh©v
cøv›U‡jU I Uc my¨U KvwUs G‡ivcwbKª cøvUd‡g© ¯’vc‡bi ci mwVK e„w×i Rb¨
KZ¸‡jv Kvh©µg avivevwnKfv‡e cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z nq| †ivc‡Yi ci ciB
cøv›U‡jU I KvwUs¸‡jv my¯’ I mej ivLvi Rb¨ mvaviY cvwb †¯úª Ki‡Z nq|
K‡ÿi ZvcgvÎv, Av`ª©Zv I Av‡jvi gvÎv cÖwZw`b ch©‡eÿY Ki‡Z nq| Mv‡Qi
mwVK e„w×i Rb¨ cÖwZwU MvQ‡K my›`ifv‡e LuywU w`‡q AvU‡K w`‡Z nq| cÖwZevi
K›` msMÖ‡ni ci cÖwZwU Mv‡Qi †Mvov Aí cwigvY wb‡Pi w`‡K bvwg‡q w`‡Z
nq| G‡Z K‡i bZzb †÷vjb Drcv`b e„w× cvq| cÖwZ gv‡m GKevi BjvBRv
†U‡÷i gva¨‡g fvBivm †iv‡Mi Dcw¯’wZ ch©‡eÿY Ki‡Z nq| fvBivm †iv‡Mi
evnK Rve‡cvKv I Ab¨vb¨ †cvKv `g‡bi Rb¨ 15 w`b ci ci KxUbvkK
ÔGWgvqviÕ cÖwZ wjUvi cvwb‡Z 0.5 wg. wj. nv‡i fv‡jvfv‡e wgwk‡q †¯úª Kiv
cÖ‡qvRb| cy‡iv Drcv`b †gŠmy‡g G‡ivcwb· Kÿ cwi®‹vi cwi”Qbœ ivLv
evÂbxq|

exR Avjy (wgwb-wUDevi) msMÖn I wKDwis

exR Avjy ev wgwb-wUDevi msMÖn, GB c×wZi Avi GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq|
wgwb-wUDevi KLb I KZw`b ci ci Pqb Kiv n‡e Zvi Dci djb eûjvs‡k
wbf©i K‡i| 5-10 MÖvg IR‡bi wgwb-wUDevi 7-10 w`b ci Pqb Ki‡Z nq|
G‡Z K‡›`i msL¨v e„w× cvq| cøv›U‡jU I KvwUs jvMv‡bvi 35-40 w`b ci K›`
aiv ïiæ nq| RvZ‡f‡` K›` aivi mgq cwiewZ©Z n‡Z cv‡i| wgwb-wUDevi
msMÖ‡ni ci †m¸‡jv RxevYygy³ I ﮋ evwji wb‡P `yB mßvn †i‡L wKDwis K‡i
Zvici wngvMv‡i msiÿY Ki‡Z nq| G‡Z wgwb-wUDev‡ii Pvgov k³ nq I
msiÿY mÿgZv e„w× cvq|

14
 K. msM„nxZ exR Avjy (wgwb-wUDevi) L. wKDwis Kivi c×wZ
†cøU 7(K-L) t msM„nxZ exR Avjy (wgwb-wUDevi) I wKDwis Kivi c×wZ

wK wK dmj Pvl Kiv hv‡e?

Avjy, wgwó Avjy, mKj ai‡bi cvZv RvZxq mewR, kkv, U‡g‡Uv, †e¸b, gwiP,
÷ª‡eix BZ¨vw`|
A_©‰bwZK we‡kølY (MÖxb nvB‡Ri LiP e¨vZx‡i‡K)
4.5 × 1.5 × 1.2 N.wg. AvqZ‡bi GKwU G‡ivcwb· ÷ªvKPvi †_‡K GK
†gŠmy‡g 18 †KwR exR Avjy Drcvw`Z n‡q‡Q| cÖwZ †KwR exR Avjyi `vg
3,000 UvKv n‡j †gvU g~j¨ = 54,000/-, †KwgK¨vj LiP = 6,400/-, kÖwgK
LiP = 25,000/- Ab¨vb¨ = 5,000/=, †gvU LiP = 36,400/-, wbU jvf =
17,600/-
cÖhyw³ e¨enviKvix
exR Avjy Drcv`b I e¨emvi mv‡_ RwoZ ms¯’v ev cÖwZôvbmg~nB g~jZt GB
cÖhyw³ e¨envi K‡i ¯^í mg‡q AwaK cwigvY gvbm¤úbœ exR Avjy Drcv`‡bi
gva¨‡g jvfevb n‡Z cv‡i I †`‡ki cÖvwšÍK K…lK‡`i gv‡S GB gvbm¤úbœ exR
Avjy mieivn K‡i mvwe©K Drcv`b e„wׇZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
evsjv‡`‡k G‡ivcwb· c×wZi mvdj¨
evsjv‡`‡k eQie¨vcx G‡ivcwb· c×wZ‡Z gvbm¤úbœ wgwb-wUDevi Drcv`b
G‡ivcwb· c×wZ evsjv‡`‡k Dw™¢` Rb¥v‡bvi GKwU bZzb cÖhyw³| MZ
2017-18 †gŠmy‡g K›`vj dmj M‡elYv †K›`ª, weGAviAvB Gi MÖxb nvD‡R
cuvPwU Avjyi Rv‡Zi gvbm¤úbœ wgwb-wUDevi Drcv`‡bi Dci GKwU cixÿv
¯’vcb Kiv n‡qwQj| cixÿvwU mdjfv‡e m¤úbœ Kiv m¤¢e n‡qwQj Ges
djvdj wQj AZ¨šÍ AvK©lYxq hv wb‡¤œ †cøU 8(K-Q) Gi gva¨‡g wPÎvwqZ
n‡jv|

15
K. G‡ivcwb· c×wZ L. mg¯Í c×wZi wPÎ M. evwi Avjy-37 N. evwi Avjy-46

O. evwi Avjy-53 P. evwi Avjy-62 Q. evwi Avjy-63

†cøU 8(K-Q) t K›`vj dmj M‡elYv †K›`ª, weGAviAvB eQie¨vcx G‡ivcwb·
c×wZ‡Z gvbm¤úbœ wgwb-wUDevi Drcv`b
G‡ivcwb· c×wZ‡Z wgwb-wUDevi Drcv`‡b Mv‡Qi e„w× I dj‡bi Dci Avjyi
Rv‡Zi cÖfve
G‡ivcwb· c×wZ‡Z wgwb-wUDevi Drcv`‡b Avjyi Rv‡Zi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖfve
i‡q‡Q| G‡ivcwb· Gi 4.5 × 1.5 × 1.2 Nb wgUv‡ii GKwU ÷ªvKPv‡i 5
gv‡m me©‡gvU 4710wU wgwb-wUDevi Drcvw`Z n‡q‡Q hvi IRb wQj 18
†KwR| Mv‡Qi Mo D”PZv, MvQ cÖwZ †÷vj‡bi Mo msL¨v, MvQ cÖwZ K‡›`i Mo
msL¨v, MvQ cÖwZ Avjyi Mo IRb Ges cÖwZwU K‡›`i GKK Mo IRb wQj
h_vµ‡g 273 †m.wg., 8.69wU, 32.04wU, 118.97 MÖvg Ges 3.71 MÖvg|
Mv‡Qi Mo D”PZv, MvQ cÖwZ †÷vj‡bi Mo msL¨v, MvQ cÖwZ K‡›`i Mo msL¨v
m‡ev©”P cvIqv †M‡Q evwi Avjy-53 G| Ab¨w`‡K, MvQ cÖwZ Avjyi Mo IRb I
cÖwZwU K‡›`i GKK Mo IRb m‡ev©”P cvIqv †M‡Q evwi Avjy-46 G| evwi
Avjy-46 G MvQ cÖwZ K‡›`i msL¨vi e¨vwß wQj 1-125wU Ges evwi Avjy-53
G hv wQj 1-112wU| MvQ cÖwZ K‡›`i msL¨v I MvQ cÖwZ Avjyi IRb m‡ev©”P
wQj evwi Avjy-46 G hv h_vµ‡g 125wU I 569 MÖvg| msM„nxZ Dcv˸‡jv
wb‡¤œi mviYx- 4 G †`Lv‡bv n‡jv|

16
mviYx-4. G‡ivcwb· c×wZ‡Z wgwb-wUDevi Drcv`‡b Mv‡Qi e„w× I dj‡bi
Dci Avjyi Rv‡Zi cÖfve
c¨vivwgUvi evwi Avjy-46 evwi Avjy-53 Mo
Mv‡Qi D”PZv (‡m.wg.) 258.72 284.82 271.3
MvQ cÖwZ †÷vj‡bi msL¨v 7.56 9.97 8.69
MvQ cÖwZ Avjyi msL¨v 28.41 35.93 32.04
MvQ cÖwZ Avjyi IRb (MÖvg) 158.21 76.97 118.97
cÖwZ Avjyi IRb (MÖvg) 6.08 2.18 3.71
MvQ cÖwZ Avjyi msL¨vi e¨vwß 1-125 1-112 0
MvQ cÖwZ Avjyi IR‡bi (MÖvg) 5-569 6-340 0
e¨vwß
‡gvU Avjyi msL¨v 4,710
‡gvU Avjyi IRb (†KwR) 18

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17
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18
Quality Seed Potato (Mini-tuber) Production
Using Aeroponics System in Bangladesh

Tuber Crops
exR cÖhResearch
yw³ wefvM Centre
Bangladesh Agricultural
evsjv‡`k K…wl M‡elYvResearch
Bbw÷wUDUInstitute
Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701
Rq‡`ecyi, MvRxcyi-1701
 Introduction
Potato is a very important food crop throughout the world. It is
generally used as a vegetable in Asia, including Bangladesh. But
in most of the temperate countries it is used as main food crop.
Potato has become an important crop in Bangladesh during the
last few decades due to its high yield potential, short life span and
high nutritive value. Considering food and nutritional safety of the
ever increasing population of Bangladesh, potato is the only
alternative crop to rice. Recently, potato production and
marketing has become increasingly commercialized. Due to this
dramatic increase in production, many employment and business
opportunities have been created and the profits through export
have greatly increased. Therefore, as a whole, potatoes have a
huge contribution to the national economy (Jalil Bhuyan and
Saha, 2017).
In the 2016-17 fiscal year, 102 lakh metric tons of potatoes were
produced from 4.99 lakh hectare of land with an average yield of
20 t/ha, while the country’s demand was 70-80 lakh metric tons
(BBS, 2018). The Tuber Crops Research Centre (TCRC) under
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) has
developed 79 potato varieties, many of which have the yield
potential of 40 t/ha or more. The average yield could easily be
increased from 20 to 30 t/ha by using quality seeds, high yielding
varieties and by following modern cultivation procedure. If the
national production is kept at a constant of 100 lakh metric tons
and the average yield is increased to 30 t/ha, about two lakh
hectares of land can be freed from potato cultivation. This land
could instead be used for the cultivation of other high value crops,
leading to increase in national production as well as ensuring food
and nutritional security.
The availability of good quality and disease free seed potatoes is
the key constraint for potato cultivation in Bangladesh. Currently,
the country’s quality seed potato requirement is about 8-10 lakh
metric tons, but only 10-12% quality seed potatoes can be
provided by both government and non-government organizations

21
and by private companies. Modern and biotechnological
approaches are the best option for the production of quality and
disease free seeds. Advanced seed production systems, including
tissue culture, can play significant role in reducing our dependency
on imported seed potatoes and faster dissemination of newly
released varieties among the growers. A number of public (BARI,
BADC and RDA) and private sector organizations have already
started producing seed potatoes using tissue culture technology,
but are unable to produce sufficient quantities of quality TC-based
seed potatoes to meet the current requirement. Generally, virus
disease free tissue cultured plantlets are planted in net house beds
for the production of mini-tubers. But the number of tubers per
plant and yield of mini-tubers per unit area are low. In addition,
soil-borne disease infection remains as a threat. In order to
minimize these problems, the adoptions of advanced techniques
are of paramount importance. Aeroponics is one such technique,
where plants are grown in a closed or semi-closed environment,
and the roots are sprayed with a nutrient rich solution. Ideally, the
environment is kept free from pests and diseases, so that the plants
may grow healthier and quicker than plants grown under net-house
conditions in soil medium (Otazu and Chuquillanqui 2007).
Aeroponics techniques optimize root aeration which is the major
factor leading to a yield increase of many crops compared to
classical hydroponic systems (Soffer and Burger, 1988).
Harvesting in Aeroponics is convenient, clean, and allows a
greater size control by sequential harvesting (Ritter et al., 2001)
and use of vertical space in production system. In many places
around the world, including CIP-Peru, India and Sri Lanka,
Aeroponics technology is already in use for successful production
of quality mini-tubers of potato. In 2017-18, TCRC-BARI adopted
Aeroponics with some modifications, and has successfully
produced an appreciable quantity of mini-tubers of five potato
varieties using the technology. It was the first effort of using
Aeroponics for the production of potato mini-tubers in
Bangladesh. The main objectives of the present study are to
evaluate the performance of modified Aeroponics technique and to
commercialize the technology at producers’ level. The first

22
objective has already been achieved, and efforts towards
commercialization of the technology are in progress. For
commercializing this technology, a booklet has been prepared in a
simple Bangla and English language for easy understanding of
interested readers and entrepreneurs.

Principles of Aeroponics
Aeroponics is “a system where roots are grown continuously or
discontinuously in an environment saturated with fine drops of
nutrient solution (as mist or aerosol)”
(Nugali et al., 2005). The basic
principle of Aeroponics is to grow
plants in a closed or semi-closed
environment by spraying the plant
roots with a nutrient rich solution.
Ideally, the environment is kept free
from pests and diseases, so that the
plants may grow healthier and quick-
er than plants grown in a soil
medium. Necessary equipment are, a
platform, nutrient solution, a nutrient
tank, an automatic nutrient misting Aeroponics system (Otazu,
device and an uninterrupted electrici- 2010)
ty supply.

Advantages of Aeroponics system over net-house production

system
` Quality seed potatoes can be produced (Otazu, 2007).
` Ten times higher yield of mini-tubers than in net-house
system (Otazu, 2007).
` 2-3 cycles can be grown per year.
` Higher nutrient and water use efficiency than net-house
system (Mbiya et al., 2012).
` Uniform and desired seed size can be achieved through
continuous harvesting (Mbiya et al., 2012).

23
` Bio-agents can be easily applied for growth promotion and
disease control (Mbiya et al., 2012)
` Can be used for stress tolerance research
` Useful for vertical agriculture
` Can be applied for safe food production
` Safe from natural hazards/ disasters

Disadvantage of Aeroponics
` Uninterrupted electricity supply is required
` Controlled environment (like green houses) is required for
year round production
` Initial investment is high
` Skilled manpower is needed

Traditional vs. Aeroponics mini-tuber production scenario

Traditional net house method for potato mini-tuber production

10 mini-tubers 100 tubers 1,000 tubers

Single (1st year-net (second (third year-net
plant year house) year-net house) house)

Aeroponics system for potato mini-tuber production

100x3 times/year 300x10=3,000 3000x10=30,0

Single =300 mini-tubes (1st tubers (second 00 tubers (third
plant year- green house) year-net house) year-net house)

Result: Number of mini-tubers increases 30 folds per year and

seed production cycle reduced 3-4 times. As a whole, farmers will
get 3-4 generation seeds instead of 6-7 generation seeds. Lower
generations’ seed means high quality and fewer viruses and other
diseases infection.

24
Table 1. Comparison between Aeroponics and traditional
mini-tuber production systems of potato

Sl. Traditional Aeroponics

Item system system
No.
(Net house) (Green house)
01 Minituber Average 10 Average 100
production minitubers/plant minitubers/plant
02 Growing Only one Three (year
season/year (Winter round
production) production)
03 Disease Virus disease Virus and soil -
free borne disease
free
04 Seed Quality Good Excellent
05 Seed to seed Normal As normal as
production at traditional
field system
06 Water and Lower Higher
nutrient use
efficiency
07 Tuber size Not possible Possible
control

Method for preparation of Aeroponics structure

Following CIP guidelines, a modified 4.5 × 1.5 × 1.2 m3
Aeroponics structure was prepared using local inputs, namely,
combination of aluminium and stainless steel and black polythene
Plate 1(a-f). The total cost for making the structure, including 1
nutrient tank, 1 HP motor and an automatic misting system was
about BDT 4 lakh.

25
a. Aeroponics structure b. Top view of c. Misting system
(4.5 × 1.5 × 1.2 m3) Aeroponics structure

d. Automatic misting e. Motor 1 HP f. Nutrient tank (300 L)

control device
Plate 1(a-f). Aeroponics structure with automatic misting device, motor and
nutrient tank.
Seedlings production techniques for Aeroponics
TC-based virus-free potato plantlet production for Aeroponics
The initial potato planting material for Aeroponics should be free
from virus diseases. The conventional TC-technology is used for
this purpose. The steps of tissue culture method are presented in
Plate 2 (a-f).

a. Potato sprout b. Meristem with leaf c. Explant into media

primordia

24
 d. Plantlet in Test e. Sub-culture of f. More plantlet
Tube plantlet production
Plate 2(a-f). Production of potato plantlets using TC-technology

Plantlet hardening and use other methods for increased

production of potato seedling
Plantlets hardening and placement on Aeroponics structure
The virus free plantlets were collected from TC-lab, TCRC. The
media attached with plantlets was removed, and the plantlets were
treated with fungicide solution (Dithane M-45 @ 0.2%). The
fungicide treated plantlets were then planted in a tray containing
sterile sand, and kept for two weeks for proper root growth.
Rooted plantlets were then transferred to the Aeroponics structure
Plate, 3(a-d).

a. Plantlet in b. Media removed c. Hardening of d. Plantlet placed

Test Tube from plantlet plantlet on structure
Plate 3(a-d). Hardening of tissue culture plantlet and placement on
Aeroponics structure

Preparation of top shoot cuttings and placement on

Aeroponics structure
The virus free well rooted and hardened plantlets were planted into
pots containing sterile sand, coco dust and decomposed organic
matter mixture (1:1:1). After two weeks, the top of the growing

27
potato plants were cut off for producing more shoots from a single
plant. Within a month, 20-30 top shoot cuttings can be harvested
per plantlet. The prepared shoot cuttings were treated with hormone
(Rooton/IBA) for better root development. Then the treated
cuttings were planted in a tray containing sterile sand and kept two
weeks for proper root formation. After two weeks, the rooted top
shoot cuttings were washed with distilled water and treated with
fungicides (Dithane M-45 @ 0.2%). The plants from top shoot
cuttings were then placed on the Aeroponics structure Plate, 4(a-f).

a. Plantlet in Test b. Hardening c. Plantlet grown in

Tubes pots

d. Top shoot cuttings e. Rooted cuttings f. Placement of

from top shoot rooted cuttings
Plate 4(a-f). Preparation of top shoot cuttings and placement on
Aeroponics structure
Preparation of stolon cuttings and placement on Aeroponics
structure
Stolon cutting is new and very cost-effective technique for seedling
production of potato. Potato plants on Aeroponics structure
produced hudge number of stolons after 45-55 days after
transplanting. The stolons need to be pruned for better tuberization.
The unwanted pruned stolons can be used for quality and disease
free plant production. A long stolon is cut into small pieces (4-5
nodes) with a sharp and sterilized knife. The cut stolons are then put
into a solution of rooting hormone (Rooton), and kept for 4-5

28
minutes. The cuttings are then placed on tissue paper for 30
minutes, in a dry and cool environment, for proper drying. Then
two-third part of the stolon cutting is placed under sterilized sand.
The remaining one-third part (single node with top of stolon
cutting) remains above ground, Plate 5(a-d). The planted stolon
cuttings need to be watered properly. Within 14 days, stolon
cuttings produce enough roots, and are ready for use in Aeroponics.

a. Stolon cutting b. Stolon c. Produced d. Rooted

cuttings placed rooted cuttings transfer
into sand tray cuttings on structure
Plate 5(a-d). Preparation of stolon cuttings and then placement
on Aeroponics structure

Preparation of nutrient solution

Success of Aeroponics mostly depends on preparation and
application of nutrient solution. The stages in preparation of
nutrient solution are as follows:
Apparatus required for nutrient solution preparation:
` Normal balance ` Glass beaker
` Electric balance ` Stirrer machine
` Funnel ` Mortar and pestle
` Tea spoon ` Plastic containers-
` Marker 4 (5 and 10 litre)
` Plastic bag ` pH meter
` Measuring flask (500, ` EC meter
1000, 2000, and 3000 ml)

29
Chemicals required for preparation of stock solutions
The chemicals required for the preparation of stock solutions are
presented in Table 1.
Table 2. Chemicals required for the preparation of stock
solutions.
Molecular Amount of
Name of chemicals Chemical formula weight chemical
(g/mol) (g)
Stock solution A (for 5 Litre)
Calcium Super CaH4P2O8 234.05 180.0
Phosphate
Ammonium NH4NO3 80.043 350.0
Nitrate*
Potassium Nitrate KNO3 101.103 550.0
Stock solution B (for 2 Litre)
Copper Sulphate CuSO4.5H2O 159.609 1.0
Zinc Sulphate ZnSO4.7H2O 161.470 1.7
Ammonium (NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O 1163.900 0.2
Molybdate
Boric Acid H3BO3 61.830 3.0
Manganese MnSO4.H2O 151.001 5.0
Sulphate
Magnesium MgSO4. 6H2O 120.366 220.0
Sulphate
Iron EDTA C10H13FeN2O8 345.065 17.0
* To be halved in concentration when tuberization initiates (around two
month of per transplant)

Preparation procedure
Concentrated stock solutions are prepared for macronutrients
(solution A) and for micronutrients (Solution B). They are kept in
separate bottles until final solution is made.
Stock solution A
` In a plastic container, Calcium Super Phosphate in enough
water (500ml), for 24 hrs.

30
` With a pestle and mortar, crush all granules until most of it
dissolved. Discard insoluble inert material.
` In a separate container add 550g of potassium nitrate to 3L of
water. It should dissolve rapidly.
` To the same container add 350g of ammonium nitrate and
dissolve it.
` Mix together the solutions from both the containers and adjust
the final volume 5L. Keep the solution in an opaque plastic
bottle as solution A.

Stock solution B
` Prepare micronutrients in 1L of distilled water. In about 300ml
of water add the following components: 1.0g of Cu sulphate,
1.7g of Zn sulphate, 0.2g of NH4 molybdate, 3g of boric acid and
5.0g of Mn sulphate (in that order). Make up the final volume to
1L with distilled water. Keep this solution in a clean bottle.
` In 1L of water dissolve 220g of Mg sulphate.
` To this solution add 400ml of micronutrient solution and mix
well.
` Add 17g of Fe-EDTA quelate (6% Fe).
` Add enough distilled water to make the final volume to 2L.
This is solution B.

Final Preparation
Before mixing both solutions, shake both bottles well. For the final
concentration mix 5 ml of solution A with 2ml of solution B for
every L of nutrient solution. For 100L of nutrient solution we should
mix 500ml of solution A with 200ml of solution B, and so on.

Alternative method for nutrient solution preparation

Ammonium Nitrate is not allowed to sell in Bangladesh and it is
also so costly. For this reason, the following chemicals can be
used for alternative nutrient solution preparation for seed potato
production by Aeroponics:

31
Table 3. Chemicals required for the preparation of 10 L stock
solution
Sl. Required
Name of Chemicals
No. Amount (g)
01. Calcium Nitrate 118
{Ca(NO3)2·4H2O }
02. Potassium Hydrogen Sulphate 68
(KHSO4)
03. Potassium Nitrate (KNO3) 252
04. Magnesium Sulphate (MgSO4. 246
6H2O)
05. Iron EDTA (C10H12FeN2O8) 11.7
06. Copper Sulphate (CuSO4.5H2O) 0.1
07. Zinc Sulphate (ZnSO4.7H2O) 0.3
08. Ammonium Molebdate 0.1
{(NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O}
09. Boric Acid (H3BO3) 0.7
10. Manganese Sulphate 1.5
(MnSO4.H2O)
Half dose of KNO3 should be used at tuberization stage
Two L stock solution is required for preparing 100 L of
nutrient solution
Use and function of EC and pH meter
Electrical conductivity is a measure of materials’ ability to allow
the transport of an electric charge. In another way, it is expressed
as total density of nutrients into a nutrient solution which can be
easily measured by a meter named EC meter. EC of the high
density solution is higher than low density solution. Unit of EC is
generally expressed by dS/m or mS/cm. Value of EC can
determine the total density of a solution but cannot determine the

32
amount of a particular nutrient present in a solution. Value of EC
can be increased by adding of chemicals into a solution.
Generally, EC of Aeroponics solution ranged 1.75-2.00 dS/m.
Acidity or alkalinity of a solution is measured by pH which can be
easily determined by a digital pH meter. Good pH range of
Aeroponics solution is 6.5-6.8. pH can be increased or decreased
by adding some chemicals. Generally, potassium hydroxide
(80-90%) can be used for increasing pH and hydrochloric acid
(80-90%) for decreasing pH of a solution.

Favourable environment
Aeroponics is affected by various factors even bacteria that live in
roots of plants. Environmental factors and the nutrient solution are
the major factors that affect mini-tuber production.
` Among the environmental factors, temperature is the most
important one. For tuberization, optimum day temperature is
18-20°C and night temperature is 14-15°C. If day temperature
go below 15°C, tuberization is delayed one week. On the
other hand, tuberization can be delayed up to three weeks if
temperature rises more than 25°C.
` Shorter day lengths and cool night temperature promote the
tuberization of potatoes. Longer day lengths with high night
temperature and high nitrogen fertilization inhibit or delay the
tuberization process of potato.
` Darkness is essential for the tuber formation on stolon. The
whole lower part of the Aeroponics structure needs to be
covered by black polythene for maintaining darkness
otherwise the stolon of potato turns into stem with the
presence of even the smallest amount of light.
` Tuber formation on stolon is enhanced by the presence of
cytokinin. Conversely, presence of GA3 and ethylene inhibits
the tuber initiation on stolon.
` Nutrient solution spray procedure is another important factor.
The nutrient solution should be sprayed at an interval of 20
minutes with spray durations of 10 seconds.

33
` Other factors like the pH of the nutrient solution should be
maintained in between 6.5-6.8, not exceeding 7.3; EC should
not exceed 2 dS/m.
` Every month, the nutrient solution should be changed.
` Then relative humidity should be maintained in between
55-60% throughout the growing period.
` The experimental room always needs to be kept clean and
restricted. Every week, the experimental site should be
disinfected with a 10% Clorox solution.

Stolon pruning
After 80-90 days of planting, stolon’s can be pruned to enhance
the tuber formation on the stolon. The results obtained during
2017-18 were promising Plate 6(a-b).

a. Before pruning b. After pruning

Plate 6(a-b): Effect of stolon pruning on tuber formation

Intercultural operations
` After the placement of plantlets or cuttings on Aeroponics
platform, some steps need to be taken for the proper growth of
the potato plants.
` Just after planting, plants should be sprayed with fresh water,
regularly, in order to keep the plants healthy and fresh.
` Temperature, humidity and light intensity should be
monitored every day.

34
` Stalking should be done after one month to prevent lodging.
The plants also need to be manually pulled down after each
harvest, to increase the formation of new stolons with tubers.
` ELISA test should be done every month to monitor virus
diseases.
` Insect pests should be controlled using scheduled spray of
insecticides (Admire @ 0.5 ml/litre of water) at an interval of
15 days.
` The environment must be kept clean and well maintained.

Mini-tuber harvesting and curing

Seed potato or mini-tuber harvesting is another important task in
Aeroponics. Harvesting time and interval have significant
influence on Aeroponics seed potato production. Five to ten
grams of mini-tubers need to be harvested at an interval of 7-10
days. Frequent harvesting has positive impacts on tuber
formation. Tuber initiation generally starts at 35-40 days after
planting. After each harvest, all mini-tubers are kept into sterile
and dry sand for 2 weeks for proper curing, Plate 7(a-b). Curing
hardens the skin of harvested mini-tubers and increases their
storability. The mini-tubers need to be stored in cold storage.

a. Harvested mini-tubers b. Method of curing

Plate 7(a-b): Harvested mini-tubers and method of curing

What crops can be grown using Aeroponics?

Potato, leafy Vegetables, Cucumber, Tomato, Brinjal, Chili,
Strawberry,etc.

35
Cost and profit analysis (Except green house cost)
In total 18 kg mini-tubers were obtained from the 4.5 x 1.5 x
1.2m3 Aeroponics structure. The price of one kilogram
mini-tubers was considered to be BDT 3,000. The total income =
18 x 3,000= BDT 54,000. The chemical cost= BDT 6400, labour
cost = BDT 25,000, other costs= BDT 5,000. The total production
cost was BDT 36,400; and the net profit for a season per 8.1 m3 =
BDT 17,600.

Beneficiaries or users
Seed potato producers, producing organizations and entrepreneurs
will be benefited from its high productivity, year round production
and the quality. Reduction of the seed cycle is another important
issue that can also be resolved by adopting this technology.
Growers are also benefitted by using good quality seeds.

Success of Aeroponics systems in Bangladesh

Findings of the present study indicate the possibility of year round
production of quality potato mini-tubers in Bangladesh using
Aeroponics technology.
Aeroponics technique is a new approach in Bangladesh for
culturing plants in controlled environment. In 2017-18 cropping
season, an experiment was set up in green house for production
of mini-tubers of potato. Results of experiments were promising
in terms of plant growth and tuberization, Plate 8(a-g).

a. Aeroponics b. Inside and c. BARI Alu-37 d. BARI Alu-46

system outside view

36
e. BARI Alu-53 f. BARI Alu-62 g. BARI Alu-62
Plate 8(a-g). Production of quality mini-tubers of potato at TCRC using
Aeroponics system

Varietal effect on growth and yield of mini-tuber

Effect of variety on growth of plant and yield of mini-tubers was
significant (Table 2). From a 4.5 x 1.5 x 1.2m3 Aeroponics
structure, a total of 4710 mini-tubers were harvested (18 kg).
Average plant height was 271.3 cm, number of stolons per plant
was 8.69, number of tubers per plant was 32.04, weight of tuber
per plant was 118.97g and weight of individual tuber was 3.71g.
The highest average plant height, number of stolons per plant, and
number of tubers per plant were recorded in BARI Alu-53.
However, the average weight of tubers per plant and the average
weight of individual tuber were observed in BARI Alu-46. The
number of tubers per plant ranged between 1-125 in BARI
Alu-46, and 1-112 in BARI Alu-53. The highest number of tubers
per plant (125) and weight of tuber per plant (569 g) were
recorded in BARI Alu-46.
Table 4. Effect of variety on growth and yield parameters of
potato in Aeroponics culture
BARI BARI
Parameter Average
Alu-46 Alu-53
Plant height (cm) 258.72 284.82 271.3
No. of stolon/plant 7.56 9.97 8.69
No. of tuber/plant 28.41 35.93 32.04

37
 BARI BARI
Parameter Average
Alu-46 Alu-53
Wt. (g) of tuber/plant 158.21 76.97 118.97
Wt. (g)of individual tuber 6.08 2.18 3.71
Range of no. of tuber/plant 1-125 1-112 0
Range of wt.(g) of tuber/plant 5-569 6-340 0
Total tuber 4710
Total weight of tuber (kg) 18

Effect of planting material on growth and mini-tuber

production
Planting materials had noticeable effect on the weight of tubers
per plant and individual weight of tuber; but plant height, number
of stolons per plant and number of tubers per plant were not
noticeable.
Table 5. Effect of planting material on growth and yield
parameters of potato in Aeroponics culture
Parameter Top shoot cutting Plantlet
Plant height (cm) 259.08 276.07
No. of stolons/plant 8.58 8.75
No. of tubers/plant 32.18 32.03
Wt. of tuber/plant (g) 141.85 109.97
Wt. of individual tuber (g) 5.43 3.72
No. of tuber/plant (range) 2-73 1-125
Wt. of tuber/plant in gram 6-484 5-569
(range)

Future research thrusts

` Standardized low cost nutrient solution by searching different
low cost chemicals or fertilizers
` Efficacy of different hormones on plant growth, tuber
initiation and tuberization

38
` Research thrust should be paid on quality seedlings
propagation techniques for cost reduction.
` Research attaintion should be drawn on screening different
varieties/germplasm against stress resistance/tolerance.
` Efficacy of plant growth promoting bio-agents on plant
growth, disease suppression and yield
` Effect of environmental factors on growth and yield of
various crops including potato
` Use as a toot of vertical agricultural research
` Use in hybridization program.
` Developed low cost structure for commercial production
system
` Establish a plant factory for quality mini-tuber production of
potato at Tuber Crops Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur

Conclusion
The major constrain of potato production in Bangladesh is the
scarcity of quality plant materials. Another important problem is
slow dissemination of newly developed high yielding and other
quality varieties to growers’ level due to lack of quality seeds. To
overcome this situation, Aeroponics would be a promising
solution. By using this method, mini-tuber yield can be increased
30 times annually than conventional method. In addition,
produced mini-tubers are viruses and soil-borne diseases free.
All of we know, only use of quality seed potato yield of potato
can be increased 20-25%. Therefore, if government and private
sector come forward and adopt this technology, quality and
disease free seed potato production will be increased rapidly. As
a result, growers as well as the country as a whole will be
benefitted in the long run.

39
References
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Publication No. 10 bklt/2018-19

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Editorial & Publication

Training & Communication Wing
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute
Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh
Phone: 02 49270038
E-mail: [email protected]
www.bari.gov.bd