Social Media

Republic of the Philippines
SAINT THERESA COLLEGE OF TANDAG, INC.

Senior High Basic Education Department
Tandag City, Surigao del Sur
Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING
Introduction
Social media has exploded as a category of online discourse where
people create content, share it, bookmark it and network at a prodigious rate.
Because of its ease of use, speed and reach, social media is fast changing the
public discourse in society and setting trends and agenda in topics that range
from the environment and politics to technology and the entertainment industry
(Asur and Huberman, 2010). In the last ten years, the online world has changed
dramatically, thanks to the invention of social media, young men and women now
exchange ideas, feelings, personal information, pictures and videos at a truly
astonishing rate. Seventy-three percent of wired American teens now use social
media websites (Oberst, 2010). Martn, (2008) & Lusk, (2010) share the same
concept of social media.
To them social media is the use of Facebook, Blogs, Twitter, My Space
and LinkedIn for the purpose of communication, sharing photos as well as
videos. However, for the purpose of this study social media is captured within the
use of internet through Facebook, Whatsap, Twitter, Skype, MySpace as well as
Yahoo Messenger for communication sharing of ideas, sharing of photos and
videos by users. The increased use of Social Networking Websites has become
an international phenomenon in the past several years. What started out as a
hobby for some computer literate people has become a social norm and way of
life for people from all over the world (Boyd. 2007).
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Teenagers and young adults have especially embraced these sites as a
way to connect with their peers, share information, reinvent their personalities,
and showcase their social lives (Boyd, 2007). In the past years, social media
websites have become common; giving young people a new way to interact with
each other and communicate with the world. Social networking became popular
between 2004 and 2006, after Facebook and MySpace were created. Facebook,
for example has over 500 million members and it is still growing and
approximately 85% of undergraduate students are Facebook users (Schneider,
2009).
These numbers are expected to grow since Facebook users will continue
to grow. And this is not only true for Facebook, numbers for YouTube users
closely follow as well (University of New Hampshire, 2009). Social networking
websites provide tools by which people can communicate, share information, and
create new relationships. With the popularity of social networking websites on the
rise, our social interaction is affected in multiple ways as we adapt to our
increasingly technological world. The way web users interact and talk to each
other has changed and continues to change. These users now socialize through
the internet and it takes away from the person socialization that has been around
forever. Social networking websites have affected our social interaction by
changing the way we interact face-to-face, how we receive information, and the
dynamics of our social groups and friendships.
Theoretical Framework
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Before social media like Facebook or Myspace became the norm,
websites were based on content that was updated by one user and read by
internet visitor. The flow of information was a single direction, and the direction of
future updates was determined by the webmaster, or writer. Online social
networks, on the other hand, are built and directed by users themselves. Without
the users, the network would be an empty space filled with empty forums,
applications, and chat rooms. User populates the network with conversations and
content. The direction of that content I determined by anyone who takes part in
the discussion. This is what makes social media so much more exciting and
dynamic for Internet users. Another characteristic of modern social networks is
the fact that they are so interactive. This means that social network is not just a
collection of chat rooms and forums anymore.
Websites like Facebook are filled with network-based gaming applications,
where you can play poker together or challenge a friend to a chess tournament.
These social medias are quickly becoming a pastime that more people are
choosing over television because its more than just entertainment, it`s a way to
connect and have fun with friends. Social networks are built and thrive from
community concepts. This means that just like communities or social groups
around the world are founded on the fact that members hold common beliefs or
hobbies; social networks are based on the same principle. Within most modern
online social networks today, you`ll find sub-communities of people who share
Commonalities, such as alumni of a particular high school, or an animal welfare
group.
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New media is already redefining information sharing in ways unimaginable
even a decade ago. New media giants like Google and Facebook have recently
acquired key manufactures in the aerial drone’s market creating an exponential
ability to reach further in data collecting and dissemination. While the corporate
line is benign enough, the implications are much more profound in this largely
unregulated arena of aerial monitoring. With claims of furthering remote internet
access, “industrial monitoring, scientific research, mapping, communications, and
disaster assistance” the reach is profound (Claburn, 2014).
But when aligned with military and national surveillance interests these
new technologies become largely exempt from regulations and civilian oversight.
Even while the media is selling us goods and entertaining us, it also serves to
socialize us, helping us pass along norms, values, and beliefs to the next
generation. In fact, we are socialized and socialized by media throughout our life
course. All forms of media teach us what is good and desirable, how we should
speak, how we should behave, and how we should react to events. Media also
provide us with cultural touchstones during events of national significance
(McGivern, 2016).
In just one-decade, social media have revolutionized the life of many
people and thus attracted much attention, not only from industry, but also
academia. To understand how researchers have adopted theories, used
research constructs, and developed conceptual frameworks in their students, a
systematic and structured literature review based on five leading online academic
databases was conducted. A total of 46 article on social media research were
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consolidated and analyzed, including empirical studies spanning from 2002 to
2011 (Ngai et. Al, 2016).
Conceptual Framework
This study is based on the idea that improved academic performance of
the students is dependent on son of the major factors among which is the
availability and the easy access to all knowledge and information brought about
by the global information age. Social media and the internet have fundamentally
transformed how students do their duties and their personal activities (Hunt
et.al ,2016).
In the schematic diagram on Box one (1) contains the independent
variables. Social media is used by majority of the students in their research
because it is very easy to access and convenient. Most of the data needed in
research are available online. Researcher can do their job in the convenience of
their homes or even inside their cars while travelling. Communication across
continents is as easy as emailing someone next door.
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Impact of Social
Media as to:
 Research Purposes
 Communication Academic
The Extent of Impact
and Linkages Performance of the
of Social Media
Purposes
Students
 Entertainment and
Leisure
Measures in
Senior High Improving the

Factors Affecting
Students
the Academic Academic
1st Semester
Performance:
A. Y.2020-2021 Performance with
 Educational the aid of Social
 Socio-
Media
Economic
 Environ-
mental
Figure 1: Schematic Diagram of the Study
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Box two (2) contains the dependent variable, the Academic performance
of Senior High School students for the first semester, academic year 2020-2021.
Box three (3) contains the result of the present study, With the relationship
of the two major sets of variables, the findings of the study will serve as a
reference point towards improved academic performance of Senior High
Students in Saint Theresa College of Tandag, Inc.
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Statement of the Problem
This study aimed to determine the impact of social media on academic
performance of Senior High School students of Saint Theresa College, with the
purpose of suggesting measures that would eventually improve their academic
performance.
Specifically, this study sought to answer the sub-problems.
1. To what extent is the impact of social media as to:
1.1 Research purposes;
1.2 Communication and Linkages purposes; and
1.3 Entertainment and Leisure?
2. What is the academic performance of the Senior High Students during the
first semester A.Y. 2020-2021?
3. What are the factors that affect the academic performance of the Senior
High Students under the influence of social media as to:
3.1Educational;
3.2 Socio-Economic; and
3.3 Environmental?
4. What measures can be suggested to improve the academic performance
of the students with the aid of social media?
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Scope and Limitation of the Study
This study entitled social media: Its impact to the Academic Performance of
Senior High Students will be conducted in Saint Theresa College, Senior High
department for the academic year 2020-2021. It involves 25.47% of the total
Senior High population, it will use the random sampling technique and covers the
areas of the purposes of the students to social media as to: research purposes,
communication and linkages, cultural, moral, socio-economic, and entertainment
and leisure purposes.
Significance of the Study
Students. They will be thoroughly guided on the appropriate use of social
media in their research projects whose objectives are geared towards enrichment
of the concepts, knowledge and skills learned in the classroom.
Teachers. This study would be significant for the teachers in terms of task
designing of facilitating of learning. They will be guided in giving many different
activities to students with the use of social media aiming to come up with a
precise and more detailed outputs, and also it is very important that teachers
should be aware the real nature of social media and how it affects the academic
performance of the students.
Future Researchers This research aims to help the future researchers to
explore more about this research.
Administration. This will help in generating great ideas of administering the
school, organization, and company that would broaden the capacity and ability of
leading the management to become more productive and extend very
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satisfactory services towards the students, teachers, parents, and the
stakeholders.
Community. Through this study, people from the elite down to average and
poor level of people in the community would be able to realize the great
opportunity of improving their lives by adapting social media. This will serve as
tool for the community to educate the members of their families to become a
responsible social media user and on how to enjoy the great benefits living with
the momentum of social media.
Definition of Terms
To facilitate clearly and understand the notion of the study, the following
terms are defined conceptual.
Academic performance. Generally, refers to the competency or how well
the students in complying their tasks and studies with the aid of social media.
Improved Academic Performance. It is the envision output of the study
through responsible usage of social media networks.
Communication and Linkages. Through social media, relationships and
interactions with other people around the world are formed between tasks,
functions, departments, and organizations, that promote flow of information and
ideas.
Cultural purposes. It refers to the use of social media in promoting
cultures, traditions, customs and social behavior of a society.
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Entertainment and Leisure. The different activities of students to
entertain themselves and relieved boredom with the use of social media
applications.
Moral purposes. Features in the social media websites that manifest high
principles for proper conduct or right and wrong behavior of a person.
Research purposes. Conducting a study if a certain subject by obtaining
facts, to establish and revise a theory, or to develop a plan of action from the fact
discovered through social media.
Social Media. As used in this study, it refers to the websites and
applications used by the students, that affect their academic performance.
Socio-economic. A way of promoting business and any forms of
livelihood through advertising online. Concerned with the interaction of social and
economic factors.
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Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
Related Literature
Foreign
Social Networking started as a place to connect with your friends in an
easy and convenient way (Jackson, 2009). Social networking sites allow the
individual in the family to share their daily lives in a sure but public forum. Family
members are able to organize events. Relatives abroad can communicate and
share things every time in their own free time despite the fact that their
geographical distance.
A Social networking site can be a good way to make connections with
people with similar interest and goals (Steve, 2008). Communication is one of the
main things why there are social networking sites, to gather information and to
broaden their knowledge. Since social networking sites is a huge place to gather
information to what is trending nowadays. (Green,2008). Other things in the
social media are a great chance to gather ideas since those articles are specified
(Green, 2008).
In a study conducted by Bagget and Williams (2012), students agree that
social media is a means to connect between individuals and is used as means to
share common interests. Media represents useful tools for communication and
education, and provides an opportunity for networking in any profession. With
time constraints and demanding class schedules, social media helps students to
multitask because they do not want to spend time creating multiple messages.
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Victoria Rideout states that, among the younger generation, the time they
spend on social media, what she calls ‘entertainment media’ is “more than twice
the average amount of time spent in school each year”. Using social media,
students can multi-task between all the different media they use. For example,
they can be listening to music, sending a tweet and also posting on Facebook.
Rideout said that since social media is seven days a week, unlike school or
having a full-time job, over the years the amount of time one could spend over
the internet “has exploded” (Rideout, 2012, p. 5)
According to Ahn (2011), “Social media has many uses, from networking
to news to quality information but the concern is around whether these students
are using these social media platforms for all these reasons and whether these
users are managing to organize their time.”
Rouis,Limayen, & Salehi-Sangari (2011) investigate the effect of using
Facebook on academic performance of undergraduate students at Lulea
University of Technology Sweden in relation to their personality traits. The
proposed research model test how Facebook usage affects performance of
students with different personality traits. In addition, the research tries to justify
the reveals very significant results. This research establishes that using
Facebook has strong negative impact on academic performance of students with
extrovert personalities. However, factor of self-regulation among students greatly
reduces this negative impact as they have high level of effective self-control while
using social media platforms. Cognitive absorption, which defines extent of deep
involvement, is another personality factor taken into consideration while
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undertaking this research. Rouis, Limayen, & Salehi-Sangrari (2011) successfully
make the observation that extant of cognitive absorption determines the
frequency and duration of social media usage. However, they add that level of
cognitive is in turn defined by self-control and other personality factors.
While multitasking skills do nothing to reduce frequency and use of social
media among students, they moderate the effects of social media on students’
performance by tuning the cognitive absorption.
Junco R. (2012) investigates the impact of Face book being a social
medium on student’s academic performance on academic courses. The research
analyzes data from 1839 respondents studying 4 years degrees in residential
institutes of north-eastern USA to find trends on frequency of Facebook visits and
activities, time spent on Facebook, time spent on class preparation and
academic grades of the students under research. Analysis of the collected data
reveals that time spent on Facebook and frequency of visiting Facebook are
negatively related to student’s academic performance in terms of their GPA.
However, there is slightly negative correlation between time spend in studying for
class. He further adds that although time spent on social media and academic
performance are negatively correlated but, this relationship in real world
scenarios does not seem to be major hurdle in academic success. Junco R.
(2012) emphasizes a further investigation into the issue to find some more
variables like focus and intervention that may be strongly related to academic
performance.
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Junco R. (2012) emphasizes a further investigation into the issue to find
some more variables like focus and intervention that may be strongly related to
academic performance. The negative correlation between Facebook usage and
academic outcomes be justified by some negative academic impacts related to
certain ways students use this social medium. He observes that some specific
uses of this social media are related to improve academic results
Ul & Chand (2012) investigated the usage and popularity of famous social
media network among university students with special focus on the gender-
based comparison and the impact of the selected social medium on their
academic performance. The two researchers evaluate the pattern and frequency
of Facebook use among university students while focusing gender difference and
student opinion about the impacts of the medium on academic performance. The
research analyzes a random sample of 348 respondents including an equal mix
of males and females.
The respondents belong to undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate
programs with a mean age of 21 years. Research analysis shows that Facebook
is equally popular among male and female students of the university under study.
It is inferred from the research that majority of the users (61%) agree that this
social medium has adverse effects on their academic performance. Further
analysis reveals that among these 61%majority of the respondents were male. In
addition to adverse effects of Facebook on academic performance, there was
also an opinion that use of
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Facebook makes it hard for them to perform the best on their career
performance. However, their researcher feels that the later opinion is not very
clear and established and needs further investigation
Yang & Tang (2003) conducted a research study on forty (40) graduates
studying a course in Advance Management Information System (AMIS) in a
university in Taiwan to investigate the impact of using social media for
educational purpose on the academic performance of the students. Students
were grouped into 14teams to discuss various question based on MIS cases in
an online forum specifically set up for the purpose. The students had to come up
with summaries of the discussions made on the forum. At the end of the course,
data was collected from the forty students on self-administered questionnaires for
the purpose of this particular research. The objective of the study was to find
correlations among friendship, advice and adversarial factors and students’
academic performance.
The result of the analysis shows a strong correlation between centrality in
friendship factor and students ‘academic performance. Friendship is
psychological associated with companionship which gives individuals a better
chance of accessing and information on problems. It can be inferred that
promoting friendship among students in a controlled social media environment,
can help improve students’ academic performance.
Local
According to Camus (2017), in the digital shift, the Philippines have taken
the global lead in at least one measure: time spent on social media. The report,
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called Digital in 2017, showed that Filipinos spent an average of 4 hours and 17
minutes per day on social media sites such as Facebook, Snapchat and Twitter.
According to Kulidtod and Pasagui (2017), Social networking media has been the
major source of communication between individuals in the world over, hence, the
label cyber-world. This includes Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, Instagram, Flicker,
Frienster, Blogs, Podcast, Youtube, Tumblr and Skype, among others. Users of
these forms of media made use of such technology gadgets as cell phones,
tablets, laptops, desktop computers, and e-readers.
Researchers all over the world have varied findings on the effects of these
forms of media on the academic performance of students. Those students who
used the media wisely, their academic performance improved. However, those
who failed to regulate their use of these social networking tools negatively
affected their studies which oftentimes led to their addicted use. In general, the
study found out that the exposure of the IMEAS students to the social networking
media positively affected their academic performance. Hence, the University
must implement policies and projects designed for more easy access of the
students to the Facebook network site in the school campus.
In contrast, there is also this very disturbing finding of the study which
disclosed that the students of IMEAS, University of Southern Mindanao,
Kabacan, Cotabato used the social networking media almost daily since majority
of them answered to have used said form of media 5-6 days a week at an
average of about 1-2 hours every session. With this data, it is recommended that
the USM must regulate the proper time usage by the students of social
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networking media in the campus in order not to destruct with their classroom
activities.
According to Rejie D. Astodello (December 11, 2016) Tabuk Burg, Kalinga
- Family everywhere over the world have been enjoying the benefits of press into
service technology at this very moment. In the ancient, communicating and
casual codification of thought between kindred are absolute by long distance,
race, and even religion. But capable these barriers breech no longer obstruct the
promulgate of inform and fellow inasmuch as vigorous the pioneering mother
earth of dance networking allows free sharing of no notice scan online romp
networking sites such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and the like. Respecting
students are step by step motivated to using skip media sites the stage of them
reckoning these to satisfy their ball needs more than their scholastic needs. They
shot a go the dispensation to hack whatever they dearth – they foundation
upload or download facts, they hindquarters give excuses extremist associates
and talk about on other m ’s lives, and they in reality even create other online
identities the real world does yowl allow.
It has been experimental reckoning walks the life-span of the students
nowadays, exclusively those in the adjunct ponder, bugger up most superbly of
their maturity chatting take their acquaintances, portrayal online games, and
watching videos instead of reading their lessons, making their assignments, and
other scholastic requirements. The gross wrangle is in a second, they counterfeit
or appraisal their materials online they achieve attracted to caper networking
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sites to kill boredom during study majority, diverting their attention from their
work.
The darker comrade of this focus has gained the relevancy of unalike
parents is drift sundry students are getting lazier and are no longer interested in
going to Coach. This is indisputably seemly for to creature extensively indulged
to complete enormous admission and consideration leading them to perform less
academically. I bid empiric newcomer disabuse of my Grades 7 and 8 students at
the Tabuk Town International Toffee-nosed drill the identical consummate and
negative impact of using ball media inside and outside the classroom. I anchor
these dance sites helpful intimately several life time I desired to conclude almost
my students, reminding them of their assignments and urgent requirements. In
assistant, l besides second-hand these dance sites to assign my students to
hospitable definite that could fetch them higher grades in academics. I steady to
uphold pending the students, convention the adolescence with gadgets having
internet sail, to worth it to addendum their researches in the synopsis pliable of
than the usual chatting with friends all the time. As a determining, in 85 percent
of them were competent manage with their conjectural due and at smallest 65
to75 percent of the class obtained the average level of conduct oneself. But
students be compelled be encouraged to limit the time they waft on hoof it media
sites and be discover to positively force those hours with reading some learning
facts – short stories, novels, etc. to deposit their vocabulary.
Allowing for regarding the relation of romp media sites had stiff the
academic performance of students negatively, all round is a wake up to cause of
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the scholar’s other information resources or materials wander would motivate
and help them perform well in their academics. We can’t reject the positively as
seniority by the enthusiasm for internet rule keeps increasing as far as something
it is already a principle among end users, particularly to students. Developers
take a crack at created online social media sites where people can have more
advanced, more undisputed, and more creative ways of communicating. This
show we, humans, are social animals. We as a last resort absence to associate
in position vicinity we in addition elect what the group does.
According to a non-representational conducted by Pew Chit Center, as of
2015 the most talented social networking company, Facebook for example, has
1.49 surrounded by sprightly users and the number of users is increasing every
year. As devotion of the verbal survey, 72 percent of high-handed school
students and 78 percent formation students expel time on these social
networking sites – Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube, Viber, E-mail, etc.
These numbers evidently suggest manner incomparably the student guild is
detailed in this virtual world of networking.
Students pick out social media sites as reliable sources of information
because everything is a package. A research conducted by Gagne prior in 2003
defined media in as a rule as several kind of text in a students’ sky drift can
stimulate them to study better.
Related Studies
Foreign
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A review study from Nottingham Trent University (2017) looked back over
earlier research on the psychological characteristics, personality and social
media use. The authors conclude that “it may be plausible to speak specifically of
‘Facebook Addiction Disorder ‘because addiction criteria, such as neglect of
personal life, mental preoccupation, escapism, mood modifying experiences,
tolerance and concealing the addictive behavior, appear to be present in some
people who use [social networks] excessively.”
According to Walton (2017), there are five factors that affect our mental
health. One study a few years ago found that Facebook use was linked to both
less moment-to-moment happiness and less life satisfaction. Another study
looked at how we make comparisons to others posts, in “upward” or “downward”
directions that can lead to depressive symptoms. Followed by the study that
shows social media use triggers feelings of jealousy. Part of the unhealthy cycle
is that we keep coming back to social media, even though it doesn’t make us feel
very good. Lastly, a study found that more friends on social media don’t
necessarily mean you have a better social life and it takes actual social
interaction (not virtual) to keep up these friendships.
According to Udorie (2015), ‟A new study has found that teenagers who
engage with social media during the night could be damaging their sleep and
increasing their risk of anxiety and depression. Teenagers spoke about the
pressure they felt to make themselves available 24/7 and the resulting anxiety if
they did not respond immediately to texts or posts. Teens are so emotionally
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invested in social media that a fifth of secondary school pupils will wake up at
night and log on, just to make sure they don’t miss out.”
As many studies suggest (Ellefsen et al., 2016), ‟Social media has
potential as an educational tool that could improve student motivation and in-
class participation levels. However, use and implementation of social media in
the classroom depends on both student and instructor. (Valkenburg& Peter,
2009), “The longer use of the Internet was related to increased depression,
loneliness, and smaller social circles. The results suggest that Internet use
isolates individuals from their friends and family, and has a negative impact on
one's psychological well-being.”
Local
According to Sagarino (2019), Social Media is about collaborating,
networking, sharing and generating knowledge and content, all of those features
are of great value in the context of higher education but still, Social Media was
considered to be a deteriorating agent in academics by some people. The study
aims to know the positive or negative effects of social media usage towards
student’s academic performance in Iligan City National High School. In this study,
the researchers had the sample size of 257 out of 739 Grade 12 Senior High
school students from Iligan City National High School as the respondents.
Amongst the 257 respondents the researchers randomly picked 10 respondents
who were chosen to be interviewed. The researchers concluded that there is no
direct relationship between using social media and school performance of the
students, since even though the students just use social media for entertainment,
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they still have high and good grades instead of looking for some information
related to their lessons. The researchers suggest that students must have control
over their usage of social media to avoid negative effects of social media towards
academic performance.
According to Dela Cruz and Tamayo (2014), social media is considered as
phenomenal in today’s generation. It conquered the world by storm and became
more popular to the youth of most nations including the Philippines. This
research aims to study the relationship of social media in relation to the
Academic Performance of the students of Bachelor of Science in Information
Technology at Centro Escolar University-Malolos. Among the one thirty-eight
(138) respondents drawn using stratified random sampling there are 45 first
years, 37 second and third years and 19 fourth years. There are 102 males and
36 females participated in this study. Seventy-one (71) or 51.4% of the
respondents have reached below satisfactory grade average while sixty-seven
(67) or 48.6% students have successfully reached the satisfactory academic
performance from an average grade. Sixty-one (61) or 44.3% falls under the
Occasional User of social media while seventy-seven (77) or 55.7% falls under
Frequent User of social media. This represents that there are more Frequent
User of social media among the respondents participated in this study.
Insights Gained
The aforementioned literature and studies have a great influence in this
study because of the useful and relevant insights on investigating the effects of
excessive exposure in social media to the academic performance of Senior High
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School students and; it has plenty of useful information to illuminate. It widened
the knowledge of Readers and helped them understand what they are looking
for.
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Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research design, research locale and
respondents, sampling technique, research instrument, validation of instrument,
data gathering procedure, and statistical treatment.
Research Design
In this study, the researchers used the quantitative-correlational research
method in conducting the study to determine the impact of social media to the
academic performance of the students.
In this design, data were obtained using validated survey questionnaire to
specifically determine the level of the impact of social media to the academic
performance of the students as to: research purposes, communication and
linkages purposes, cultural purposes, moral purposes, socio-economic purposes,
and entertainment and leisure purposes of the STC Senior High Students
Respondents of the study
The respondents of the study were 306 or 25.47% of the total population
of the SHS students from different strands of Saint Theresa College of Tandag.
Inc.
Research Locale
The undertaking was conducted at Saint Theresa College of Tandag, Inc.
particularly at Senior High Basic Education Department.
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Figure 2. Map of the Research Locale
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Sampling procedure
This study used the random sampling technique where in 25.47% of the
total population of the Senior High School department were taken as
respondents.
Research Instrument
To gather all the data needed from the respondents, the researchers
constructed a checklist method that was approved by the research adviser. The
first part was intended to know the student’s profile. The second part was the
checklist survey questionnaire that answers the questions of the researchers.
Data Gathering Procedure
The researchers will personally deliver the letter request to all concerned
for the conduct of survey. In survey method research, participants answer
questions administered through interviews or questionnaires. After participants
answer the questions, researchers describe the responses given. In order for the
survey to be both reliable and valid it is important that the questions are
constructed properly. Questions should be written so they are clear and easy to
comprehend. Tabulation of the results followed, after which analysis and
interpretation of data took place.
Statistical Treatment. Based on the problems raised in this study, the
researchers used the statistical tools:
Descriptive measure. Was used to determine the frequency and
percentage distribution in qualifying the data gathered.
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Weighted Mean. It is used to determine the seriousness of the problems
encountered.
Scaling and Parameters Used
Scale Range Extent Influencing factor
1 1.00-1.79 No impact at all No influencing factor
2 1.80-2.59 Least extent Least influencing factor
3 2.60-3.29 Less extent Less influencing factor
4 3.30-4.19 Greater extent More influencing factor
5 4.20-5.00 Greatest extent Most influencing factor
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Chapter 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter presents the data gathered, the results of the statistical
analysis done and interpretation of findings.
Extent of Impact of Social Media to Students’ Academic Performance
Social media had a positive impact in the academic performance of
students (Madden et.al, 2015). Mostly senior high students of Saint Theresa
College of Tandag, Inc are using social media in their daily school task and their
transactions online.
Table 1 shows summary of the impact of social media as to Research
Purposes, Communication and Linkages Purposes, and Entertainment and
Leisure Purpose to the academic performance of the senior high students of
Saint Theresa College of Tandag, Inc.
Table 1
Extent of Impact of Social Media to Students’ Academic Performance
General
Descriptive
Indicators STEM HUMSS ABM TVL Weighted Rank
Category
Mean
Greatest
A. Research
4.22 4.33 4.24 4.48 4.32 Extent of 2
Purposes
Impact
B. Greatest
Communication 4.40 4.35 4.25 4.51 4.38 Extent of 1
and Linkages Impact
C. Greatest
Entertainment 4.22 4.18 4.17 4.49 4.27 Extent of 3
and Leisure Impact
29
As to Research Purposes, among all the variables, the variable “Social
media offers a wider scope of information” ranked first with the weighted mean of
4.43, greatest extent, because it reveals that senior high students can easily get
the necessary information, they needed for their school work or requirements.
Research through this is not time consuming. On the other hand, the variables
“Variables of any research study are provided by social media” ranked fifth with
the weighted mean of 4.21, greatest extent, one needs to exhaust all additional
related information to the specificity of details.
As to Communication and Linkages Purposes, the variable “Contact with
other people is easy” ranked first with the weighted mean of 4.55, greatest
extent, because it reveals that senior high students can contact the person in
case of emergency with no problems even, he/she is far away from the place for
some academic referrals. On the other hand, the variable “There is personal
touch among people although situated apart” ranked seventh with the weighted
mean of 4.23, greatest extent, because with physical absence in the social
media, some kind of personal connection and concern is still felt especially it is
for school concerns.
To summarize, the greatest extent of impact of social media gripped all
the three (3) variables; however, “Communication and Linkages” surfaced as the
first rank with the general weighted mean of 4.38; while “Entertainment and
Leisure Purposes” ranked third with the general weighted mean of 4.27.
It can be deduced, therefore, that necessary concepts, information and
inputs are just a click away by most of the students. These make their subject
30
requirements easily facilitated. In addition, the inputs that the students gain will
readily improve their understanding about the subject matter. According to Kolan
and Dzandza (2018) social media is an effective tool for students’ learning.
Table 2
Academic Performance of the Senior High Students 1st Semester A.Y.
2020-2021
Adjectival Rating Frequency Percent
Excellent (95-99) 44 14.38
Very Good (90-94) 96 31.37
Good (85-89) 105 34.31
Fair (80-84) 47 15.34
Poor (75-79) 14 4.56
Total 306 100
Table 2 shows the general average of senior high students of Saint
Theresa College of Tandag, Inc. who enrolled in the first semester, A.Y. 2020-
2021. Forty-four (44) senior high students have met Excellent category with
general average of 95-99 which is 14.38%. Ninety-six (96) students, Very Good
category with general average of 90 to 94 which is 31.37%. One hundred five
(105) students, Good Category with general average of 85 to 89 which is
34.31%. Forty-seven (47) senior high students have met Fair category with
general average of 80 to 84 which is 15.34%. Fourteen (14) students have
garnered 75 to 79, Poor Category which is 4.56%.
Moreover, table shows the readers to understanding that with the majority
of these belonging to “Good” grade category, social media offers a limit help to
the upliftment of the academic endeavors of the students. According to Zeki
(2017), social media provide significant interaction, engagement and
31
collaborative learning among students thus improving their academic
performance.
Table 3shows the summary of the factors that affect the academic
performance of the senior high students under the influence of social media.
Table 3
Factors that Affect the Academic Performance of the Senior High Students
under the Influence of Social Media
General
Descriptive
Factors STEM HUMSS ABM TVL Weighted Rank
Category
Mean
Most
A. Educational 4.28 4.10 4.25 4.52 4.29 Influencing 3
Factor
Most
B. Socio-Economic 4.48 4.29 4.43 4.50 4.43 Influencing 1
Factor
Most
C. Environmental 4.36 4.34 4.29 4.45 4.36 Influencing 2
Factor
Table 3 shows the three (3) factors that affect the academic performance
of the senior high students under the influence of social media which are the
Educational, Socio-Economic, and Environmental factors. The variables of each
factor and the weighted mean are presented in the said table.
As to Educational factor, the variable “Devising learning resources or
instructional materials are provided in social media” ranked first with the weighted
mean of 4.36, most influencing, because it reveals that social media help the
32
senior students to improve their reports as additional information on the class
discussion which more understandable and organized.
As to Socio-Economic factor, the variable “Tips in budgeting are gleaned
to prioritize one’s studies” ranked first with the weighted mean of 4.55, most
influencing, because it shows that students can learn how to budget their daily or
monthly allowances from not spending too much and only buy things that are
necessary for education instead for one’s wants and desires. Variable
“Educational foundation can aid in you in your studies” and variable “Online
tutorial is available to improve academic performance” both ranked last with the
general weighted mean 4.33, most influencing, because it shows that students
only use social media if they do not understand a certain topic. Senior high
students cannot afford for online tutorial so they choose to watch free videos in
social media.
As to Environmental factor, the variable “Weather updates are accessible”
ranked first with the weighted mean of 4.48, most influencing, because it shows
that weather application on their gadget or provided by social media which is free
helps the students to be updated globally. To summarize, the factors that affect
the academic performance through social media, the first rank are those that
bear socio-economic factors. These are most influencing factors among the other
variables. According to Cardinal Tagle (2018), Catholic education is still strong
dynamo that wields the moral fibers of the youth towards a desired Christian
society. No amount of technological irrationality can destruct a strongly funded
Christian community.
33
Chapter 5
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter presents the summary of the findings, conclusions drawn
from the findings and the corresponding recommendations.
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
1. Most of the variables have shown the Greatest extent of impact based on
the weighted mean. Communication and Linkages ranked first with
general weighted mean of 4.38; Research Purposes, 4.32; and
Entertainment and Leisure, 4.27.
2. The academic performance of the senior high students of St. Theresa
College of Tandag City, Inc. shows that 14.38% of students received
“Excellent” on their overall grades: 31.37% for Very Good, 34.31% for
Good, 15.34% for Fair, and 4.56% for Poor.
3. All of the factors were described as most influencing. Socio-Economic
factors ranked highest with the weighted mean, 4.43; Environmental
Factors, 4.36; Environmental and Educational factor, 4.29.
4. All of the measures suggested were described.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the findings derived from this study, the following conclusions
were drawn.
1. Senior high students of Saint Theresa College of Tandag, Inc. considered
social media as an instrument in widening their scope of information,
contact with other people sis easy, promotion of one`s culture to the rest
34
of the world. Bullying is proliferating, promotes online businesses, and it
takes away boredom.
2. Most students have obtained Very Good in their over-all academic
performance compared to Excellent and Good. Few have obtained Fair
and Poor in the over-all academic performance.
3. Senior high students see exposure to reflection as a moral or religious
factor, tips in budgeting are gleaned to prioritize one`s studies as a socio-
economic factor, devising learning resources or instructional materials are
provided as an educational factor, and weather updates are accessible as
an environmental factor which all of these factors influence the academic
performance of students.
4. Senior high students suggested physical wellness tips through social
media, read success stories as springboard and allocate time for spiritual
formation through social media are considered most recommended
measures to improve academic performance through social media.
RECOMMENDATIONS
From the foregoing findings and conclusions drawn, the following
recommendations are offered:
1. Social media via internet and other technological gadgets have to be
provided by the school to help the students from research purposes,
communications purposes, cultural purposes, moral purposes, socio-
economic purposes, and entertainment and linkages purposes.
35
2. Social media should be widely used in Saint Theresa College of Tandag,
Inc. to provide the necessary knowledge and information online in order to
improve the academic performance of thestudents.
3. The Saint Theresa College of Tandag, Inc. should create a certain social
media platform to monitor the student`s academic performance such
creating online group or forum, motivational videos, and offer free online
counselling. Parents should also monitor their child activity in using social
media to avoid more conflicts in their academic performance.
4. Saint Theresa College of Tandag, Inc. should promote about physical
wellness tips, post to read success stories, and allocate time for spiritual
formation in every social media platform that is accessible to students.
5. The future researchers are encouraged to conduct similar studies by
utilizing other variables like effectiveness of social media, social media as
a virtual classroom and etc.
36
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40
Appendix A
QUESTIONNAIRE
Effects of Excessive Exposure in Social Media to the Academic

Performance of Senior High School Students
Name: Year and Strand:
Instruction: Put check on the following boxes that corresponds to your

answers.
I. EXTENT OF IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA
5 - Greatest extent of impact

4 - Greater extent of impact
3 - Less extent of impact
2 - Least extent of impact
1 - No impact at all
5 4 3 2 1
Indicators
A. Research Purposes
1. Access to necessary information
about a research topic is easy
2. Availability of research topic is
provided by social media
3. Variables of any research study
are provided by social media
4. Research convenience is provided
41
5. Social media offers a wider scope

of information
Indicators 5 4 3 2 1
B. Communication and linkages

1. Contact with other people is easy
2. Interaction between and among people is
favourable
3. Communication abilities are enhanced
4. There is personal touch among people
although situated apart
5. It`s a venue for more acquaintances
6. People are updated of everything by social
media
7. It is the mean if exploring the world
C. Socio-Economics Purposes
1. It is a way to employment opportunity
2. It promotes online business
3. Its income generating
4. Livelihood opportunities are offered
through social media
5. Enhancement of one`s business
capabilities is provided
6. Positive competitive spirit is developed
among businessmen
D. Entertainment and Leisure
1. It takes away boredom
2. It promotes educational games for learning
enhancement
3. It equips one with necessary skills in
sports
4. It is interactive
5. It soothes one`s care and love for songs
and music
6. It is lesson giving through theatrical
performance
42
7. It promotes health and wellness for healthy

living
8. It boosts one`s confidence and personality
especially with one`s model actor or
actress
9. It stimulates happiness
II.FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE THROUGH

SOCIAL MEDIA
5 – Greatest influencing factor

4 – Greater influencing factor
3 – Less influencing factor
2 – Least influencing factor
1 – Not an influencing factor
A. Socio-Economic factors
1. Tips in budgeting are gleaned to
prioritize one`s studies
2. Business opportunity in social
media can be a good back up to
support one`s study
3. Scholarship opportunities are
provided
4. Educational foundation can aid
you in your studies
5. Online tutorial is available to
improve academic performance
B. Educational factors
1. Research studies are
available
2. Devising learning
resources or instructional
materials are provided in
social media
3. Theatrical devices and
43
arts are at hand to

improve one`s dramatic
skills
4. Improvement or
enhancement of speech
craft is provided
5. Journalistic skills for print
media are developed
C. Environment factors
1. Planet earth preservation
is emphasized
2. Disaster risk reduction
management is
emphasized
3. Weather updates are
accessible
4. Clean and green
revolution is emphasized
5. Clean air and potable
water are bannered to
avoid toxic substances as
you study your lesson
44
Appendix B
Letter of Permission to the Research Grammarian
May 14, 2021
EDITHA R. NOZAL, MAEd

Principal
Senior High Department
Tandag City
Madame:
Warm greetings.
The Grade 12 - A.C Cosmiano students of the Technical Vocational and Livelihood
strand of the Senior High School Department are currently working on research
study entitled “EFFECTS OF EXCESSIVE EXPOSURE IN SOCIAL MEDIA TO
THE SENIOR HIGH STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE”. Anent to this,
we ask your permission from your office to allow us to conduct our research
through the use of google form as part of our academic pursuit.
Your approval to conduct this survey will be highly appreciated. Thank you and
God bless.
Respectfully yours,
The Researchers:
Ramil B. Abensay (SGD) John Denver B. Buenaflor (SGD)

Neil Bryan O. Abrio (SGD) John Luigi A. Candinato (SGD)
Almar John R. Abuel (SGD) Jerald Dave A. Casio (SGD)
Darshan Dan G. Arado (SGD) Chabelita C. Fernandez (SGD)
Reyan John M. Arwita (SGD) Christina C. Gamao (SGD)
Almar John R. Abuel (SGD) Yna Blaze S. Laher (SGD)
Joshua B. Balbag (SGD) Rene M. Burabod (SGD)
Dharyl Jake I. Baquero (SGD)
Noted: A propose by:
LORELLI R. GEPULLANO, LPT, EDITHA R. NOZAL, MAEd

MAELT(CAR) School Principal
Research Teacher
45
Appendix C
Letter to the Validator 1
May 14, 2021
RABIE T. HIPULAN, LPT

Teacher
Tandag City
Sir:
Please be informed that you are one of the chosen validators of our study
“EFFECTS OF EXCESSIVE EXPOSURE IN SOCIAL MEDIA TO THE SENIOR
HIGH STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE”. In connection to this, the
researchers need assistance with regard to the validation of questionnaire
necessary for the study. Knowing that you are most fit to provide the lack of the
study, you can write your comments, suggestions and recommendations that will
improve the survey questionnaire.
Thank you very much for your kind consideration and valuable contribution for
this study.
Respectfully yours,

Checked by:
A propose by:
LORELLI R. GEPULLANO, LPT,
MAELT(CAR) RABIE T. HIPULAN, LPT
Research Teacher Teacher
46
Appendix C
May 14, 2021
JERLYN S. FURGOSA, LPT

Teacher
Tandag City
Ma’am:
this study.
Respectfully yours,

Checked by: A propose by:
LORELLI R. GEPULLANO, LPT, JERLYN S. FURGOSA, LPT

MAELT(CAR)
Appendix C
47
May 14, 2021
ANMARIE B. PONLAON, LPT

Teacher
Tandag City
Ma’am:
this study.
Respectfully yours,
Ramil B. Abensay (SGD)
John Denver B. Buenaflor (SGD)
Neil Bryan O. Abrio (SGD)
John Luigi A. Candinato (SGD)
Almar John R. Abuel (SGD)
Jerald Dave A. Casio (SGD)
Darshan Dan G. Arado (SGD)
Chabelita C. Fernandez (SGD)
Reyan John M. Arwita (SGD)
Christina C. Gamao (SGD)
Almar John R. Abuel (SGD)
Yna Blaze S. Laher (SGD)
Joshua B. Balbag (SGD)
Rene M. Burabod (SGD)
Checked by: A propose by:
LORELLI R. GEPULLANO, LPT, ANMARIE B. PONLAON, LPT

MAELT(CAR)
48
Curriculum Vitae
l. PERSONAL DATA
Name: Ramil B. Abensay
Age: 10 Years Old
Birthday: January 09, 2001
Birthplace: Tandag City
Gender: Male
Civil Status: Single
Nationality: Filipino
Height: 5’7
Weight: 55
Tertiary: Saint Theresa College of Tandag, Inc.
Tandag City, Surigao Del Sur 2021 - Present
Secondary: Jacinto P. Elpa National High School Tandag City, Surigao Del Sur
2018-2019
Elementary: Telaje Elementary School Tandag City, Surigao Del Sur 2015-2016
49
l. PERSONAL DATA
Name: Neil Bryan O. Abrio
Age: 18 Years Old
Birthday: November 16, 2002
Birthplace: Bongtud Tandag City
Gender: Male
Height: 5’8
Weight: 53 kls.
Tandag City, Surigao Del Sur 2021 – Present
Elementary: Bongtud Elementary School, Tandag City 2014-2015
50
l. PERSONAL DATA
Name: Almar Jhon R. Abuel
Age: 18 Years Old
Birthday: April 21, 2002
Birthplace: Prk Quintos, Barangay Mabua Tandag City
Gender: Male
Height: 5’3
Weight:47
2018-2019
Elementary: Quintos Elementary School Tandag City, Surigao Del Sur 2014-
2015
51
l. PERSONAL DATA
Name: DarshanDan G. Arado
Age: 18 Years Old
Birthday: June 24, 2002
Birthplace: Adela Serra Ty Memorial Medical Center
Gender: Male
Height: 5’5
Weight: 67
Secondary: Saint Michael School Madrid, Surigao Del Sur
Elementary: Madrid Elementary School Madrid, Surigao Del Sur
52
l. PERSONAL DATA
Name: Reyan John M. Arwita
Age: 21 Years Old
Birthday: February 22, 2000
Birthplace:
Gender: Male
Height: 5’6
Weight: 55 kls
Secondary: Buenavista National High School Tandag City, Surigao Del Sur
2018-2019
Elementary: Telaje Elementary School, Tandag City 2012-2013
53
l. PERSONAL DATA
Name: Joshua J. Balbag
Age: 18 Years Old
Birthday: December 25, 2002
Gender: Male
Height: 5’6
Weight: 50 kls
2018-2019
54
l. PERSONAL DATA
Name: Dharyl Jake I. Baquero
Age: 18 Years Old
Birthplace: P-5 Poblacion San Jose, Surigao Del Norte
Gender: Male
Height: 5’6
Weight:45 kls
2018-2019
Elementary: Mabuhay Elementary School Tandag City, Surigao Del Sur 2014-
2015
55
l. PERSONAL DATA
Name: Rene M. Burabod
Age: 19 Years Old
Birthday: August 16, 2001
Birthplace: Mabua Tandag City
Gender: Male
Height: 5’7
Weight: 59 kls
2018-2019
Elementary: Bongtud Elementary School Tandag City, Surigao Del Sur 2014-
2015
56
l. PERSONAL DATA
Name: John Denver B. Buenaflor
Age: 18 Years Old
Gender: Male
Height: 5’7
Weight: 58 kls.
2018-2019
57
l. PERSONAL DATA
Name: John Luigi A. Candinato
Age: 19 Years Old
Birthday: October 30, 2001
Birthplace: Bacoor, Cavite
Gender: Male
Height:5’2
Weight: 56 kls
2018-2019
58
l. PERSONAL DATA
Name: Jerald Dave A. Casio
Age: 19 Years Old
Birthday: February 28, 2002
Birthplace: Purok Quintos Phase 1 Barangay Mabua Tandag City
Gender: Male
Height: 5’1
Weight: 40 kls
2018-2019
Elementary: Quintos Elementary School Tandag City, Surigao Del Sur 2014-
2015
59
l. PERSONAL DATA
Name: Chabelita C. Fernandez
Age: 22 Years Old
Birthday: July 26, 2002
Birthplace: Tandag City, Surigao Del Sur
Gender: Female
Height: 5’4
Weight: 58 kls
2018-2019
Elementary: ENGR. Nestor Ty Memorial Elementary School Tandag City,
Surigao Del Sur 2011-2012
60
l. PERSONAL DATA
Name: Christina C. Gamao
Age:18 Years Old
Birthday: August 09, 2002
Birthplace: Tago, Surigao Del Sur
Gender: Female
Height: 4’11
Weight: 40 kls
2018-2019
Elementary: Jubang Elementary School, Tago, Surigao Del Sur 2014-2015
61
l. PERSONAL DATA
Name: Yna Blaze S. Laher
Age: 19 Years Old
Birthday: March 05, 2002
Birthplace: Tandag City, Surigao Del Sur
Gender: Female
Height: 5’1
Weight: 30 kls
2018-2019
Elementary: Quintos Elementary School, Mabua, Tandag City 2014-2015
62

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Republic of the Philippines

SAINT THERESA COLLEGE OF TANDAG, INC.

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Social media has exploded as a category of online discourse where

exchange ideas, feelings, personal information, pictures and videos at a truly

concept of social media.

To them social media is the use of Facebook, Blogs, Twitter, My Space

and LinkedIn for the purpose of communication, sharing photos as well as

use of internet through Facebook, Whatsap, Twitter, Skype, MySpace as well as

Yahoo Messenger for communication sharing of ideas, sharing of photos and

an international phenomenon in the past several years. What started out as a

Teenagers and young adults have especially embraced these sites as a

approximately 85% of undergraduate students are Facebook users (Schneider,

closely follow as well (University of New Hampshire, 2009). Social networking

rise, our social interaction is affected in multiple ways as we adapt to our

forever. Social networking websites have affected our social interaction by

dynamics of our social groups and friendships.

Before social media like Facebook or Myspace became the norm,

future updates was determined by the webmaster, or writer. Online social

dynamic for Internet users. Another characteristic of modern social networks is

collection of chat rooms and forums anymore.

Websites like Facebook are filled with network-based gaming applications,

Commonalities, such as alumni of a particular high school, or an animal welfare

New media is already redefining information sharing in ways unimaginable

acquired key manufactures in the aerial drone’s market creating an exponential

unregulated arena of aerial monitoring. With claims of furthering remote internet

access, “industrial monitoring, scientific research, mapping, communications, and

disaster assistance” the reach is profound (Claburn, 2014).

provide us with cultural touchstones during events of national significance

In just one-decade, social media have revolutionized the life of many

academia. To understand how researchers have adopted theories, used

research constructs, and developed conceptual frameworks in their students, a

databases was conducted. A total of 46 article on social media research were

consolidated and analyzed, including empirical studies spanning from 2002 to

2011 (Ngai et. Al, 2016).

This study is based on the idea that improved academic performance of

In the schematic diagram on Box one (1) contains the independent

variables. Social media is used by majority of the students in their research

continents is as easy as emailing someone next door.

Senior High Improving the

Figure 1: Schematic Diagram of the Study

reference point towards improved academic performance of Senior High

Students in Saint Theresa College of Tandag, Inc.

Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to determine the impact of social media on academic

purpose of suggesting measures that would eventually improve their academic

Specifically, this study sought to answer the sub-problems.

1. To what extent is the impact of social media as to:

1.1 Research purposes;

1.2 Communication and Linkages purposes; and

1.3 Entertainment and Leisure?

first semester A.Y. 2020-2021?

High Students under the influence of social media as to:

3.2 Socio-Economic; and

4. What measures can be suggested to improve the academic performance

of the students with the aid of social media?

Scope and Limitation of the Study

communication and linkages, cultural, moral, socio-economic, and entertainment

and leisure purposes.