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    ALAMADA (Lecture Notes)

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    Rhailla NOOR

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    ALAMADA (Lecture Notes)

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    ALAMADA {Lecture Notes}

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    ALAMADA (Lecture Notes)

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    Rhailla NOOR

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    of 3

    Mindanao State University

    College of Education
    Marawi City

    ALAMADA, ROHAIFA M. 12/13/2023


    Prof. Mojahid C. Baraki
    SSE102 Hh
    LECTURE NOTES

    Topic: DISTRIBUTION OF URBANIZED AREA

    A. WHAT IS URBANIZATION?
    Urbanization refers to the process of a country's population becoming more urban over time,
    with the percentage of people who live in cities growing more quickly than the percentage who
    live in rural areas.
     In 1800, only about 3% of the world’s population lived in urban areas
     In 1950, about 30% of the world’s population lived in urban areas
     In 2008, the UN estimated half of the world’s population lived in urban area
    - Urbanization has resulted in more and more, larger and larger cities around the world. There
    has been a growth of very large cities with a population of more than 1 million
     In 1850, there were only 2 millionaire cities, namely London and Paris
     In 1950, there were 83 millionaire cities
     In 2015, there were approximately 500 millionaire cities
    - The world now has a megacities. These are cities with a population in excess of 10 million
     In 1950, there were only three megacities in the world: London, New York and Tokyo
    - In 2014, there were 28 megacities worldwide: 16 in Asia, 4 in South America, 3 each in Africa
    and Europe and 2 in North America
    - By 2030, the world is projected to have 41 megacities

    What is an Urban Area?


    - An “Urban area" can refer to towns, cities, and suburbs. An urban area includes
    the city itself, as well as the surrounding areas. The cencus Bureau defined two types of
    urban areas:
    Urbanized area – 50,000 or more population
    Urban Cluster- at least 2,500 and less than 50, 000 population
    - In Philippines, it consists of 16 highly urbanized cities: the city of Manila, Caloocan, Las
    Pinas, Makati, Malabon, Mandaluyong, Marikina, Muntinpula, Navotas, Paranaque,
    Pasay, Pasig, Quezon city, San Juan, Taguig, and Valenzuela and one municipality:
    Pateros

    B. WHAT IS URBAN POPULATION?


    Urban population refers to the population inhabiting areas that have a greater population
    density than rural areas and are overall more compact than rural areas.
     Today, 55% of the world’s population lives in urban areas, a proportion that is expected to
    increase to 68% by 2050.
     The urban population of the world has grown rapidly from 751 million in 1950 to 4.2
    billion in 2018. Asia, despite its relatively lower level of urbanization, is home to 54% of
    the world’s urban population, followed by Europe and Africa with 13% each.
     Today, the most urbanized regions include Northern America (with 82% of its population
    living in urban areas in 2018), Latin America and the Caribbean (81%), Europe (74%)
    and Oceania (68%). The level of urbanization in Asia is now approximating 50%. In
    contrast, Africa remains mostly rural, with 43% of its population living in urban areas.

    Most Urbanized Countries with 100% The least urbanized population are in:
    urban population • Ethiopia
    • Hong Kong • Cambodia
    • Singapore • Papua New Guinea
    • Kuwait • Uganda
    • Macau • Nepal
    • Monaco • Sri Lanka
    • Vatican City • Samoa
    • Gibraltar • Afghanistan
    • Nauru • Many others

    Urban population share Philippines 2012-2021


    - The share of the urban population in the Philippines has continued to rise over the years.
    In 2021, the urban population accounted for roughly 48 percent of the entire population.
    In the Philippines, urbanized areas were primarily found in Metro Manila, located in the
    National Capital Region (NCR).

    C. FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DISTRIBUTION OF URBANIZED AREA


     Geographic Location: The natural geography of a region, such as proximity to water
    bodies, mountains, or other natural resources, can influence the distribution of urbanized
    areas.
     Economic Opportunities: Urban areas tend to develop around economic centers where
    job opportunities, industries, and commercial activities are prevalent
     Infrastructure Development: The presence of well-developed infrastructure, including
    transportation networks, communication systems, and utilities, can attract urban
    development
     Population Growth: The growth of a population, whether through natural increase or
    migration, can drive the expansion of urbanized areas.
    D. PATTERN OF URBANIZATION
     CONCENTRIC ZONE MODEL
    It was created in 1923 by sociologist E.W. Burgess. According to the concentric zone model,
    a city grows outward from a central area in a series of concentric rings, like the growth rings of a
    tree. Back in the 1920s, Burgess identified five rings:
    1. Central business district
    2. Zone of transition
    3. Zone of independent workers' homes
    4. Zone of better residences
    5. Commuter's zone

     SECTOR MODEL
    A second theory of urban structure, the sector model, was developed in 1939 by land
    economist Homer Hoyt. According to Hoyt, the city develops in a series of sectors, not rings.
    Certain areas of the city are more attractive for various activities, originally because of an
    environmental factor or even by mere chance. As a city grows, activities expand outward in a
    wedge, or sector, from the center.
    1. Central business district
    2. Transportation and industry
    3. Low-class residential
    4. Middle-class residential
    5. High-class residential

     MULTIPLE NUCLEI MODEL


    Geographers C. D. Harris and E. L. Ullman developed the multiple nuclei model in 1945.
    According to the multiple nuclei model, a city is a complex structure that includes more than one
    center around which activities revolve. Examples of these nodes include a port, neighborhood
    business center, university, airport, and park.
    1. Central business district
    2. Wholesale, light manufacturing
    3. Low-class residential
    4. Medium-class residential
    5. High-class residential
    6. Heavy manufacturing
    7. Outlying business district
    8. Residential suburb 9 Industrial suburb

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