Engineering Thermodynamics

Roll No. …………………..
TME–303
B. Tech. (ME) (Third Semester)
EXAMINATION, 2023-24
ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS
Time : Three Hours
Maximum Marks : 60
Note : Question paper has three Sections. Read carefully
instructions for each Section. Using the mollier
chart and steam table.
Section—A
(Very Short Answer Type Questions)
1. Attempt all questions : 1 each
(a) What do you understand by macroscopic and
microscopic viewpoints ? (CO1, UN)
(b) What is quasi-static process ? What is its
characteristic feature ? (CO1, UN)
(c) What do you understand by path function and
point function ? (CO1, UN)
(d) What is the maximum work obtainable from two
finite bodies at temperatures T1 and T2 ?
(CO2, AP)
P. T. O.
[2] TME–303
(e) What do you understand by ‘lost work’ ?

(CO2, UN)
(f) What do you understand by steam rate and heat
rate ? What are their units ? (CO3)
(g) What is a pure substances ? (CO4, UN)
(h) What are saturation states ? (CO4, UN)
(i) What do you understand by triple point ?
(CO4, UN)
(j) What is the critical state ? Explain the terms
critical pressure, critical temperature and critical
volume of water. (CO4, AP)
(k) What is normal boiling point ? (CO4, AP)
(l) What do you understand by exergy and anergy ?
(CO5, UN)
Section—B
(Short Answer Type Questions)
2. Attempt all questions :

(a) What is the zeroth law of thermodynamics ? Give
the relation among °C, °F and K. (CO1, UN)
OR
Distinguish between the terms ‘change the state’,
‘path’, and ‘process’. (CO1, UN)
[3] TME–303
(b) Air initially occupying 1 m³ at 1.5 bar, 20°C

undergoes an internally reversible compression
for which PVn = constant to a final state where
the pressure is 6 bar and the temperature is
120°C. Determine : (CO2, EV)
(i) The value of n,
(ii) The work and heat transfer and
(iii) The change in entropy, Take cv = 0.718
kJ/kg K
OR
A gearbox operating at steady state receives
0.1 kW along the input shaft and delivers
0.095 kW along the output shaft. The outer
surface of the gearbox is at 50 °C. For the
gearbox, Determine :
(i) The rate of heat transfer and
(ii) The rate of entropy generation. (CO2, EV)
(b) What is a Carnot cycle ? What are the four
processes which constitute the cycle ? (CO3, AN)
OR
Show that the COP of a heat pump is greater than
the COP of a refrigerator by unity. (CO3, AN)
P. T. O.
[4] TME–303
(c) Convert the 40 cm Hg vacuum readings of

pressure to kPa, assuming that the barometer
reads 760 mm of Hg. (CO1, EV)
OR
A Piston-cylinder device with air at an initial
temperature of 30°C undergoes an expansion
process for which pressure and volume are related
as given below :
P (k Pa) 100 37.9 14.4
V (m3) 0.1 0.2 0.4
Calculate the work done by the system.

(CO1, EV)
(d) Calculate the decrease in energy when 25 kg of
water at 95°C mix with 35 kg of water at 35°C,
the pressure being taken as constant and the
temperature of the surroundings being 15°C (cp of
water = 4.2 kJ/kg K). (CO5, EV)
OR
Air expands through a turbine from 500 kPa,

520°C to 100 kPa, 300°C. During expansion
10 kJ/kg of heat is lost to the surroundings which
[5] TME–303
is at 98 kPa, 20°C. Neglecting the K.E. and P.E.

changes, determine per kg of air (i) the decrease
in availability, (ii) the maximum work and (iii)
the irreversibility. For air, take cp = 1.005 kJ/kg
K, h = cp T where cp is constant. (CO5, EV)
(e) A fluid undergoes a reversible adiabatic

compression from 0.5 MPa, 0.2 m³ to 0.05 m³
according to the law, pv1.3 = constant. Determine
the change in enthalpy, internal energy and
entropy, and the heat transfer and work transfer
during the process. (CO2, EV)
OR
A quantity of air undergoes a thermodynamic

cycle consisting of three processes. Process 1-2 :
Constant volume heating from P₁ = 0.1 MPa. T1 =
15°C, V₁ = 0.02 m³ to P2 = 0.42 MPa. Process 2-3 :
Constant pressure cooling. Process 3-1 :
Isothermal heating to the initial state. Employing
the ideal gas model with cp = 1 kJ/kg K, evaluate
the change of entropy for each process. Sketch
the cycle on p-v and T-s coordinates. (CO2, EV)
P. T. O.
[6] TME–303
Section—C
(Long Answer Type Questions)
2. Attempt all question : 8 each
(a) A piston-cylinder assembly contains 5 kg of

steam. The steam having an internal energy of
2709.9 kJ/kg expands to state where the internal
energy is 2659.6 kJ/kg. During the process, there
is heat transfer of 80 kJ to the steam and also a
paddle-wheel work transfer of 18.5 kJ. Neglecting
and KE and PE of steam, determine the amount of
energy transfer by work from the steam to the
piston and the decrease in system energy.
(CO1, EV)
OR
Air enters a compressor operating at steady state

at a pressure of 1 bar, a temperature of 290 K, and
a velocity of 6 m/s through an inlet with an area
of 0.1 m². At exit, the pressure is 7 bar, the
temperature is 450 K and the velocity is 2 m/s.
Heat transfer from the compressor to the
surroundings occurs at the rate of 180 kJ/min.
[7] TME–303
Employing the ideal gas model, calculate the

power input to the compressor. Take cp = 1.005
kJ/kg K. (CO1, EV)
(b) Steam at 20 bar, 360°C is expanded in a steam

turbine to 0.08 bar. It then enters a condenser,
where it is condensed to saturated liquid water.
The pump feeds back the water into the boiler. (i)
Assuming ideal processes, find per kg of steam
the net work and the cycle efficiency, (ii) If the
turbine and the pump have each 80% efficiency,
find the percentage reduction in the net work and
cycle efficiency. (CO3, EV)
OR
A cyclic steam power plant is to be designed for a
steam temperature at turbine inlet of 360°C and
an exhaust pressure of 0.08 bar. After isentropic
expansion of steam in the turbine, the moisture
content at the turbine exhaust is not to exceed
15%. Determine the greatest allowable steam
pressure at the turbine inlet, and calculate the
Rankine cycle efficiency for these steam
conditions. Estimate also the mean temperature of
heat addition. (CO3, EV)
P. T. O.
[8] TME–303
(c) An isolate system consists of two solid blocks.

One block has mass of 5 kg and is initially at
300°C. The other block has a mass of 10 kg and is
initially at -50°C. The blocks are allowed to come
into thermal equilibrium. Assuming the blocks to
be incompressible with constant specific heats of
1.0 and 0.4 kJ/kg K respectively, determine the
final temperature and the irreversibility. Take
To = 27 °C. (CO5, EV)
OR
An ideal gas is flowing through an insulated pipe
at the rate of 3 kg/s. There is a 10% pressure drop
from inlet to exit of the pipe. What it’s the rate of
exergy loss because of the pressure drop to
friction ? Take R = 0.287 kJ/kg K and
To = 300 K. (CO5, EV)
TME–303 50

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Roll No. …………………..

(e) What do you understand by ‘lost work’ ?

2. Attempt all questions :

(b) Air initially occupying 1 m³ at 1.5 bar, 20°C

(c) Convert the 40 cm Hg vacuum readings of

P (k Pa) 100 37.9 14.4

V (m3) 0.1 0.2 0.4

Calculate the work done by the system.

Air expands through a turbine from 500 kPa,

is at 98 kPa, 20°C. Neglecting the K.E. and P.E.

(e) A fluid undergoes a reversible adiabatic

A quantity of air undergoes a thermodynamic

2. Attempt all question : 8 each

(a) A piston-cylinder assembly contains 5 kg of

Air enters a compressor operating at steady state

Employing the ideal gas model, calculate the

(b) Steam at 20 bar, 360°C is expanded in a steam

(c) An isolate system consists of two solid blocks.

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