P.T.Lee. CHENGALVARAYA NAICKER COLLEGE OF ENGG.

& TECH,
OOVERY, KANCHIPURAM
B.E - DEGREE EXAMINATION-INTERNAL MODEL EXAM- 2019
Third Semester – MECH
ME 8391 Engineering Thermodynamics
(Regulation 2017)
Time: 1: 30 hours Maximum: 100 Marks
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS
PART-A (10X2=20 marks)
1. Differentiate between point function and Path function.
2. Define the Zeroth law of thermodynamics.
3. What is a thermal energy reservoir? Explain the term ‘Source ‘and ‘Sink’.
4. Define irreversibility? What are the causes of irreversibility?
5. Write the methods for improving the performance of the Rankine cycle.
6. How is triple point represented in a P-v diagram?
7. State the Vander Walls equation of state.
8. What is the importance of Joule –Thomson coefficient?.
9 . Define degree of saturation.
10. Define mass fraction and Mole fraction’.
PART-B (5X13=65 marks)
11.A) (i) A house wife, on a warm summer day, decides to beat the heat by closing
the windows and doors in the kitchen and opening the refrigerator door. At first she
feels cool and refreshed, but after a while the effect begins to wear off.
Evaluate the situation as it relates to First Law of Thermodynamics,
considering the room including the refrigerator as the system. (4)
3 5 2
ii) A cylinder contains 0.45 m of a gas at 1 × 10 N/m and 80°C. The gas is
compressed to a volume of 0.13 m3, the final pressure being 5 × 105 N/m2. Determine :
(i) The mass of gas ; (ii) The value of index ‘n’ for compression ; (iii) The increase in
internal energy of the gas ; (iv) The heat received or rejected by the gas during
compression. Take γ = 1.4, R = 294.2 J/kg°C. (9)
OR
B) i) Air at a temperature of 20°C passes through a heat exchanger at a velocity
of 40 m/s where its temperature is raised to 820°C. It then enters a turbine with same
velocity of 40 m/s and expands till the temperature falls to 620°C. On leaving the
turbine, the air is taken at a velocity of 55 m/s to a nozzle where it expands until the
temperature has fallen to 510°C. If the air flow rate is 2.5 kg/s, calculate :
(i) Rate of heat transfer to the air in the heat exchanger ;
(ii) The power output from the turbine assuming no heat loss ;
(iii) The velocity at exit from the nozzle, assuming no heat loss.
Take the enthalpy of air as h = C P t, where ,
C P is the specific heat equal to 1.005 kJ/kg°C and t the temperature. (8)
ii) Write the steady flow energy equation for a boiler AND gas turbine. (5)
12. a) (i) An ice plant working on a reversed Carnot cycle heat pump produces 15
0
tonnes of ice per day. The ice is formed from water at 0 C and the formed ice is
maintained at 00C. The heat is rejected to the atmosphere at 250C. The heat pump used
to run the ice plant is coupled to a Carnot engine which absorbs heat from a source
which is maintained at 2200C by burning liquid fuel of 44500 kJ/kg calorific value and
rejects the heat to the atmosphere. Determine :
(i) Power developed by the engine ;
(ii) Fuel consumed per hour. Take enthalpy of fusion of ice = 334.5 kJ/kg. (8)
(ii) A piston-cylinder arrangement contains 0.05 m3 of nitrogen at 1 bar and 280 K.
The piston moves inwards and the gas is compressed isothermally and reversibly until
the pressure becomes 5 bar. Determine :(i) Change in entropy.(ii)Work done. Assume
nitrogen to be a perfect g a s . OR
 b) (i) 2.5 kg of air at 6 bar, 90°C expands adiabatically is a closed system until its volume is
doubled and its temperature becomes equal to that of the surroundings which is at 1 bar and 50.
For this process determine :
(i) The m a x i m u m work ; (ii) The change in availability ;
(iii) The irreversibility. For air take : cv = 0.718 kJ/kg K, R = 0.287 kJ/kg K. (10)
(ii) Explain second law of thermodynamics.
13. A) (i) What is a p v T surface? Draw the T-s diagram.
(ii) Explain with neat sketch binary and combined cycle . (10)
OR
(B)(i) In a steam power cycle, the steam supply is at 15 bar and dry and satu- rated. The
condenser pressure is 0.4 bar. Calculate the 41 Carnot and Rankine efficiencies of the cycle.
Neglect pump work. (8)
(ii) Two b o i l e r s o n e with superheater and other without superheater are de- livering
equal quantities of steam into a common main. The p r e s s u r e in the boilers and main is 20 bar.
The temperature of steam from a boiler with a superheater is 350°C and temperature of the
steam in the main is 250°C. Determine the quality of steam supplied by the other boiler. Take
cps = 2.25 kJ/kg. (5)
14. A) (i) A spherical shaped balloon of 12 m diameter contains H2 at 30°C and
1.21 bar. Find the mass of H2 in the balloon using real gas equation. (4)
(ii) 1 kg of air at a pressure of 8 bar and a temperature of 100°C undergoes a reversible
polytropic process following the law pv1.2 = constant. If the final pressure is 1.8 bar
determine : (i) The final specific volume, temperature and increase in entropy ;
(ii) The w o r k d o n e a n d t h e heat transfer. Assume R = 0.287 k J /kg K and γ = 1.4.
(b) Repeat (a) assuming the process t o be irreversible and a d i a b a t i c between end s t a t e s .
OR
B) (i) Derive the Maxwell relations. (8)
(ii) Derive the TDS relations. (5)
15.(i) The pressure and temperature of mixture of 4 kg of O2 and 6 kg of N2 are 4 bar and
27°C respectively. For the mixture determine the following :
(i) The mole fraction of each component ; (ii) The average molecular weight ;
(iii) The specific gas constant ; (iv) The volume and density ;
(v) The partial pressures and partial volumes. (10)
(ii) Explain briefly Dalton’s law of the partial pressure. (3)
OR
b) (i) The atmospheric conditions are ; 20°C and specific humidity of 0.0095 kg/kg of dry air.
Calculate the following formula method :
(i) Partial pressure of vapour (ii) Relative humidity (iii) Dew point temperature. (5)
(ii) Air at 20 oC, 40% RH is mixed adiabadically with air at 40 oC, 40% RH in the ratio of 1 kg of the
former with 2 kg of the latter (on dry basis). Determine the specific humidity and the enthalpy of the mixed
stream. (8)
PART-C (1X15=15 marks)
16.A) (a) How does erosion of turbine blades occur ? State the methods of preventing
erosion of turbine blades.
(b) What do you mean by TTD of a feed water heater ? Draw temperature-path-line dia-
gram of a closed feed water heater used in regenerative feed heating cycle.
(c) In a 15 MW steam power plant operating on ideal reheat cycle, steam enters the H.P.
turbine at 150 bar and 600°C. The condenser is maintained at a pressure of 0.1 bar. If the mois-
ture content at the exit of the L.P. turbine is 10.4%, determine :
(i) Reheat pressure ; (ii) Thermal efficiency ; (iii) Specific steam consumption ; and (iv) Rate
of pump work in kW. Assume steam to be reheated to the initial temperature.
OR
3
b) 0.1 m of an ideal gas at 300 K and 1 bar is compressed adiabatically to 8 bar. It is then
cooled at constant volume and further expanded isothermally so as to reach the condition from
where it started. Calculate : (i) Pressure at the end of constant volume cooling.
(ii) Change in internal energy during constant volume process. (iii) Net work done and
heat transferred during the cycle. Assume cp = 14.3 kJ/kg K and cv = 10.2 kJ/kg K.