B.Sc. SEM III
B.Sc. SEM III
B.Sc. SEM III
Requirements: Glass plate, silica gel ethanol and chloroform, spinach extract.
Theory: Spinach extract has chlorophyll and carotenoid hydrocarbons as the main
cstituents. The carotenoid hydrocarbons are non polar and weakly absorbed by
alumina and readily eluted wiyh hydrocarbon solvents.
Prepare the TLC plate using silica gel as adsorbent. Spot the extract on plate at one
end and develop the chromatogram using 3% ethanol chloroform mixture as
solvent. The carotenes (orange to orange yellow spot),chlorophyll ( green to blue
green), xanthophylls(yellow) appear as spots. Mark the outer edge of each spot
carefully. Calculate the Rf value
PROCEDURE:
N1 = 0.1 . V1 / 20 = say x
TITRATION II
N3 = say y
PROCEDURE:
CALCULATIONS:
Constant wt . of crucible = a g
Wt of residue = b-a = w g
At.Wt. Ni / Mol wt. of salt complex= Strength of Ni/ Strength of salt complex
Strength of salt = 20 g / lt
Theory- The solution is first titrated against EDTA solution using Erichrome black
T as indicator. This gives the total amount of calcium and magnesium present in
the sample.
This solution is again titrated against EDTA solution using calcon as indicator. The
second titration is conducted in the presence of high concentration of sodium
hydroxide which precipitate out magnesium as magnesium hydroxide. Thus in the
second titration only calcium reacts with EDTA solution. This titration gives the
amount of calcium in the solution. The difference between the first and the second
titration gives the magnesium content present in water.
For finding out the total hardness of water the total molarity of calcium and
magnesium ions in the water.
Procedure-
MCa2+=0.01*Vs/25 =y