240 MCQs with Ans on Wound Care:

1. Which of the following factors determine wound healing?

A) General health of the patient

B) Type of tissue damage

C) Medication and allergies

D) All of the above

Ans: D) All of the above

2. Which of the following is considered an external factor that affects wound healing?

A) Patient’s medical history

B) Nutrition

C) Medication

D) None of the above

Ans: B) Nutrition

3. Which wound type is classified as a "closed wound"?

A) Laceration

B) Abrasion

C) Hematoma

D) Puncture

Ans: C) Hematoma

4. Which of the following is a guideline for the care of untreated wounds?

A) Removing the original dressing if soaked

B) Cleaning the wound with any liquid

C) Elevating the wound area if on an extremity

D) Using any available bandage material

Ans: C) Elevating the wound area if on an extremity

5. What is the first step in wound assessment?

A) Evaluating wound edges

B) Determining wound size

C) Assessing for pain

1
 D) Determining etiology

Ans: D) Determining etiology

6. What is the purpose of applying direct pressure on a wound?

A) Reduce inflammation

B) Control bleeding

C) Treat infection

D) Increase circulation

Ans: B) Control bleeding

7. Which of the following describes an untreated wound?

A) Found at the accident scene

B) Found during surgery

C) Assessed only after transport

D) All of the above

Ans: A) Found at the accident scene

8. What does the term "wound debridement" refer to?

A) Cleaning the wound

B) Removing dead tissue

C) Applying bandages

D) None of the above

Ans: B) Removing dead tissue

9. What is the role of collagen in wound healing?

A) To prevent infection

B) To bind the wound edges

C) To increase inflammation

D) To reduce pain

Ans: B) To bind the wound edges

10. Which phase of wound healing involves the formation of granulation tissue?

A) Inflammatory phase

B) Proliferative phase

2
 C) Maturation phase

D) None of the above

Ans: B) Proliferative phase

11. Which of the following can affect the wound healing process negatively?

A) Proper nutrition

B) Smoking

C) Controlled blood pressure

D) All of the above

Ans: B) Smoking

12. Which of the following describes a laceration?

A) Scrape on the surface of the skin

B) Small puncture wound

C) Jagged breaking of soft tissue

D) Internal bleeding

Ans: C) Jagged breaking of soft tissue

13. Which of the following is a systemic factor that affects wound healing?

A) Presence of infection

B) Nutritional deficiencies

C) Oedema

D) Local pressure

Ans: B) Nutritional deficiencies

14. The maturation phase of wound healing can take how long?

A) 1-2 weeks

B) 3-4 weeks

C) Up to 12 weeks

D) Up to 24 weeks

Ans: C) Up to 12 weeks

15. Which of the following types of cells play a role in the inflammatory phase of wound healing?

A) Epithelial cells

3
 B) Fibroblasts

C) Platelets

D) None of the above

Ans: C) Platelets

16. Which of the following wound classifications is at high risk for infection?

A) Clean wound

B) Clean-contaminated wound

C) Contaminated wound

D) Sterile wound

Ans: C) Contaminated wound

17. Which of the following infections is related to diabetic foot ulcers?

A) Tetanus

B) Clostridium tetani

C) Staphylococcus aureus

D) Botulism

Ans: C) Staphylococcus aureus

18. Which of the following best describes a puncture wound?

A) Jagged wound with heavy bleeding

B) Superficial skin scrape

C) Small hole in tissue with limited bleeding

D) Open wound with internal damage

Ans: C) Small hole in tissue with limited bleeding

19. A wound infection can be caused by which of the following bacteria?

A) Clostridium botulinum

B) Clostridium tetani

C) Staphylococcus aureus

D) All of the above

Ans: D) All of the above

20. Which of the following is a type of closed wound?

4
 A) Laceration

B) Abrasion

C) Contusion

D) Puncture

Ans: C) Contusion

21. Which of the following pathogens cause tetanus?

A) Staphylococcus aureus

B) Clostridium tetani

C) Clostridium botulinum

D) Streptococcus

Ans: B) Clostridium tetani

22. Which of the following is an example of an open wound?

A) Hematoma

B) Bruise

C) Avulsion

D) Contusion

Ans: C) Avulsion

23. What is the purpose of applying sterile dressing to a wound?

A) Encourage infection

B) Prevent contamination

C) Reduce inflammation

D) Speed up bleeding

Ans: B) Prevent contamination

24. Which of the following solutions is used to disinfect wounds?

A) Hydrogen peroxide

B) Normal saline

C) Sterile water

D) All of the above

Ans: D) All of the above

5
25. What is the main function of the skin during wound healing?

A) Blood reservoir

B) Vitamin synthesis

C) Protection against infection

D) Hair growth

Ans: C) Protection against infection

26. Which term is used for a wound caused by high-pressure force?

A) Puncture

B) Laceration

C) Crush injury

D) Abrasion

Ans: C) Crush injury

27. Which of the following describes a "wheal"?

A) Open skin lesion

B) Circumscribed swelling

C) Raised, firm scar

D) None of the above

Ans: B) Circumscribed swelling

28. Which of the following wound phases is marked by clot formation?

A) Maturation phase

B) Proliferative phase

C) Inflammatory phase

D) None of the above

Ans: C) Inflammatory phase

29. Which of the following agents helps in wound irrigation?

A) Cotton

B) Sterile water

C) Povidone-iodine

D) All of the above

6
 Ans: D) All of the above

30. The main role of fibroblasts in wound healing is to:

A) Remove dead tissue

B) Synthesize collagen

C) Increase inflammation

D) Reduce infection

Ans: B) Synthesize collagen

31. What is the difference between open and closed wounds?

A) Infection rate

B) Healing time

C) Bleeding presence

D) All of the above

Ans: D) All of the above

32. Which of the following is a type of skin lesion where RBC extravasation occurs?

A) Macule

B) Purpura

C) Patch

D) Tumor

Ans: B) Purpura

33. Tetanus infection can be prevented by:

A) Vaccination

B) Cleaning the wound with soap

C) Application of topical antibiotics

D) None of the above

Ans: A) Vaccination

34. What should be assessed in a treated wound?

A) Drainage

B)

Size

7
 C) Pain

D) All of the above

Ans: D) All of the above

35. In which wound phase does collagen synthesis start?

A) Proliferative phase

B) Inflammatory phase

C) Maturation phase

D) None of the above

Ans: A) Proliferative phase

36. What does a red wound bed indicate?

A) Infection

B) Granulation tissue

C) Necrosis

D) Scarring

Ans: B) Granulation tissue

37. Which solution is used for mechanical wound debridement?

A) Dakin's solution

B) Normal saline

C) Sterile water

D) Povidone-iodine

Ans: A) Dakin's solution

38. Which of the following is a fungal infection that affects the feet?

A) Tinea capitus

B) Tinea pedis

C) Herpes simplex

D) Tetanus

Ans: B) Tinea pedis

39. Which immune response is more specialized?

A) Innate immunity

8
 B) Adaptive immunity

C) Both are equally specialized

D) None of the above

Ans: B) Adaptive immunity

40. Which blood group type is considered the universal donor?

A) Type A

B) Type B

C) Type AB

D) Type O

Ans: D) Type O

41. An increase in scar size is known as:

A) Keloid formation

B) Purpura

C) Granulation

D) Infection

Ans: A) Keloid formation

42. What is the term for wound drainage that is copious and thick?

A) Exudate

B) Serous

C) Pus

D) None of the above

Ans: A) Exudate

43. Which microorganism is most likely to cause wound botulism?

A) Clostridium tetani

B) Clostridium botulinum

C) Staphylococcus aureus

D) None of the above

Ans: B) Clostridium botulinum

44. Which of the following burns is categorized as a "full-thickness" burn?

9
 A) Superficial burn

B) Deep dermal burn

C) Epidermal burn

D) None of the above

Ans: B) Deep dermal burn

45. What is the main goal of wound suturing?

A) Decrease healing time

B) Prevent scar formation

C) Approximate wound edges

D) Prevent infection

Ans: C) Approximate wound edges

46. Which of the following solutions is considered mild and safe for most wounds?

A) Normal saline

B) Povidone iodine

C) Dakin’s solution

D) None of the above

Ans: A) Normal saline

47. Which type of wound healing occurs with granulation?

A) Primary intention

B) Secondary intention

C) Tertiary intention

D) None of the above

Ans: B) Secondary intention

48. Which skin lesion appears as a flat, discolored area larger than 1 cm?

A) Papule

B) Nodule

C) Macule

D) Patch

Ans: D) Patch

10
49. Which phase of wound healing involves fibroblast activity and collagen production?

A) Maturation

B) Proliferation

C) Inflammation

D) None of the above

Ans: B) Proliferation

50. Which of the following is a critical function of wound dressing?

A) Prevent infection

B) Keep wound dry

C) Increase blood flow

D) None of the above

Ans: A) Prevent infection

51. Which is a common viral cause of skin ulcers?

A) Herpes simplex virus

B) Clostridium tetani

C) Clostridium botulinum

D) None of the above

Ans: A) Herpes simplex virus

52. Which of the following is a surgical method of removing dead tissue?

A) Debridement

B) Drainage

C) Bandaging

D) None of the above

Ans: A) Debridement

53. Which of the following indicates a possible infection in a wound?

A) Absence of pain

B) Brightly inflamed wound edges

C) Rapid healing

D) Lack of drainage

11
 Ans: B) Brightly inflamed wound edges

54. The primary goal of burn wound care is:

A) Cooling the wound

B) Reducing infection risk

C) Promoting scar formation

D) Preventing patient discomfort

Ans: B) Reducing infection risk

55. What is the process of stitching tissue together known as?

A) Suturing

B) Irrigation

C) Debridement

D) Compression

Ans: A) Suturing

56. Which of the following types of wounds should be treated with special care to avoid infection?

A) Contaminated wounds

B) Clean wounds

C) Closed wounds

D) Minor wounds

Ans: A) Contaminated wounds

57. A wound filled with purulent exudate is likely to be:

A) Healing normally

B) Infected

C) Inflammatory

D) None of the above

Ans: B) Infected

58. Which of the following wound types is caused by a sharp object?

A) Incision

B) Abrasion

C) Contusion

12
 D) Bruise

Ans: A) Incision

59. Why is it important to keep a wound moist during the healing process?

A) To slow healing

B) To promote scar formation

C) To facilitate granulation tissue growth

D) None of the above

Ans: C) To facilitate granulation tissue growth

60. What is the initial goal when treating a burn wound?

A) Prevent infection

B) Remove the epidermis

C) Apply sutures

D) Increase blood flow

Ans: A) Prevent infection

==============

Here are 50 additional MCQs with answers based on the document provided:

### Additional MCQs and Answers:

61. Which of the following is considered a mechanical method of wound healing?

A) Compression therapy

B) Suturing

C) Heat application

D) Cryotherapy

Ans: B) Suturing

62. Which type of wound is most commonly caused by surgery?

A) Puncture wound

B) Laceration

C) Incision

D) Abrasion

Ans: C) Incision

13
63. Which of the following is an essential component in wound dressing to reduce the risk of infection?

A) Povidone-iodine

B) Bandage

C) Soap and water

D) Hydrogen Peroxide

Ans: A) Povidone-iodine

64. In wound healing, what does the term "exudate" refer to?

A) Blood

B) Clear fluid

C) Purulent drainage

D) Cellular debris

Ans: C) Purulent drainage

65. What type of infection is nosocomial?

A) Community-acquired infection

B) Hospital-acquired infection

C) Contagious disease from insects

D) Airborne infection

Ans: B) Hospital-acquired infection

66. Which of the following is the first step in first aid for a wound?

A) Apply antiseptic

B) Clean with alcohol

C) Control the bleeding

D) Apply a bandage

Ans: C) Control the bleeding

67. Which phase of wound healing begins immediately after tissue injury?

A) Proliferative phase

B) Maturation phase

C) Inflammatory phase

D) Remodeling phase

14
 Ans: C) Inflammatory phase

68. Which of the following wounds typically requires a tetanus shot?

A) Clean incision

B) Burn wound

C) Puncture wound

D) Abrasion

Ans: C) Puncture wound

69. In assessing a wound, which factor is most likely to suggest an infection?

A) Bright red granulation tissue

B) Foul odor

C) Mild pain

D) Slight swelling

Ans: B) Foul odor

70. What is the primary risk of a puncture wound?

A) Excessive external bleeding

B) Poor wound approximation

C) Tetanus infection

D) Dehydration

Ans: C) Tetanus infection

71. Which of the following is a common systemic factor that affects wound healing?

A) Nutrition

B) Skin color

C) Hair growth

D) Age

Ans: A) Nutrition

72. Which infection is characterized by tonic muscle spasms and is caused by Clostridium tetani?

A) Botulism

B) Tetanus

C) Anthrax

15
 D) Staphylococcal infection

Ans: B) Tetanus

73. Which of the following dressings is ideal for a heavily exudating wound?

A) Transparent film dressing

B) Hydrocolloid dressing

C) Alginate dressing

D) Non-adherent dressing

Ans: C) Alginate dressing

74. Which skin structure primarily provides a physical barrier against infection?

A) Dermis

B) Hypodermis

C) Subcutaneous tissue

D) Epidermis

Ans: D) Epidermis

75. What is the purpose of wound irrigation?

A) To close the wound quickly

B) To cleanse the wound and promote healing

C) To dry out the wound

D) To prevent excessive scarring

Ans: B) To cleanse the wound and promote healing

76. Which of the following conditions is associated with poor blood supply to a wound?

A) Hypertension

B) Diabetes mellitus

C) Chronic pain

D) Hair loss

Ans: B) Diabetes mellitus

77. What is the medical term for a solid, elevated lesion of the skin up to 1 cm in diameter?

A) Papule

B) Plaque

16
 C) Nodule

D) Wheal

Ans: A) Papule

78. Which of the following wound types is most likely to develop an infection?

A) Abrasion

B) Contusion

C) Puncture wound

D) Hematoma

Ans: C) Puncture wound

79. Which wound healing phase is associated with capillary growth and granulation tissue formation?

A) Inflammatory phase

B) Proliferative phase

C) Maturation phase

D) None of the above

Ans: B) Proliferative phase

80. What does the term "dehiscence" refer to in wound care?

A) The breaking open of a wound

B) The creation of a surgical incision

C) The closing of a wound

D) The presence of infection in a wound

Ans: A) The breaking open of a wound

81. Which of the following organisms is a major cause of wound infections?

A) Escherichia coli

B) Staphylococcus aureus

C) Clostridium botulinum

D) Candida albicans

Ans: B) Staphylococcus aureus

82. Which of the following is NOT a sign of wound infection?

A) Redness and swelling

17
 B) Foul-smelling drainage

C) Mild discomfort

D) Fever

Ans: C) Mild discomfort

83. Which type of burn involves damage to the epidermis and partial dermis?

A) Superficial burn

B) Superficial dermal burn

C) Deep dermal burn

D) Full-thickness burn

Ans: B) Superficial dermal burn

84. Which of the following is an example of an open wound?

A) Contusion

B) Hematoma

C) Laceration

D) Bruise

Ans: C) Laceration

85. What is the main objective when treating a diabetic foot ulcer?

A) Control pain

B) Prevent infection

C) Increase circulation

D) Reduce blood pressure

Ans: B) Prevent infection

86. What term is used to describe the shedding of dead tissue from a wound?

A) Lysis

B) Necrosis

C) Debridement

D) Granulation

Ans: C) Debridement

87. Which of the following is a sterile technique used to minimize infection?

18
 A) Using clean, non-sterile gloves

B) Aseptic technique

C) Removing all dressings

D) Cleaning wounds with tap water

Ans: B) Aseptic technique

88. Which of the following conditions may result from delayed or ineffective wound care?

A) Healing by primary intention

B) Scar formation

C) Chronic infection

D) Controlled granulation

Ans: C) Chronic infection

89. What is the primary function of the skin in relation to wound healing?

A) Water retention

B) Protection from UV light

C) Protection from infection

D) Temperature regulation

Ans: C) Protection from infection

90. What is the role of the epidermis in wound healing?

A) To provide a blood supply to the wound

B) To act as a barrier against pathogens

C) To promote collagen production

D) To reduce scar formation

Ans: B) To act as a barrier against pathogens

91. What is a critical factor when selecting a dressing for a wound?

A) The color of the wound

B) The amount of exudate

C) The age of the patient

D) The size of the wound

Ans: B) The amount of exudate

19
92. Which of the following solutions is commonly used for wound irrigation?

A) Diluted hydrogen peroxide

B) Normal saline

C) Alcohol

D) Betadine

Ans: B) Normal saline

93. A laceration with significant bleeding should be treated by:

A) Applying pressure

B) Using antiseptic

C) Leaving it open

D) Applying heat

Answer:

A) Applying pressure

94. The goal of wound care in burn patients is primarily to:

A) Reduce scar formation

B) Control infection and prevent dehydration

C) Promote bleeding

D) Improve muscle strength

Ans: B) Control infection and prevent dehydration

95. Which of the following is an indication for wound suturing?

A) Edema

B) Excessive scar formation

C) Open intentional wounds

D) Infection

Ans: C) Open intentional wounds

96. What is the recommended action if a wound shows signs of infection?

A) Wait for the infection to resolve on its own

B) Clean the wound and apply antiseptics

C) Apply heat directly to the wound

20
 D) Leave the wound uncovered

Ans: B) Clean the wound and apply antiseptics

97. What is the primary role of antiseptic solutions in wound care?

A) To kill bacteria

B) To dry out the wound

C) To promote scarring

D) To reduce swelling

Ans: A) To kill bacteria

98. Which of the following describes the shedding of dead skin tissue?

A) Granulation

B) Necrosis

C) Epithelialization

D) Debridement

Ans: D) Debridement

99. When performing wound irrigation, the solution should be directed:

A) Directly into the wound

B) Over the wound surface

C) Away from the wound edges

D) At the skin around the wound

Ans: B) Over the wound surface

100. Which of the following is NOT a stage in wound healing?

A) Inflammatory phase

B) Regenerative phase

C) Proliferative phase

D) Maturation phase

Ans: B) Regenerative phase

101. Which wound type is characterized by a clean break in the skin?

A) Puncture wound

B) Laceration

21
 C) Abrasion

D) Incision

Ans: D) Incision

102. Which of the following is most effective for controlling infection in chronic wounds?

A) Sterile bandages

B) Debridement

C) Steroid medications

D) Heat therapy

Ans: B) Debridement

103. The presence of pus in a wound suggests:

A) Granulation tissue

B) Infection

C) Healing by primary intention

D) None of the above

Ans: B) Infection

104. Infection in wounds may result from which of the following conditions?

A) Proper wound cleaning

B) Presence of foreign material

C) Adequate blood supply

D) Application of sterile dressing

Ans: B) Presence of foreign material

105. Which type of tissue forms during the healing process of open wounds?

A) Necrotic tissue

B) Granulation tissue

C) Scar tissue

D) None of the above

Ans: B) Granulation tissue

106. A wound caused by a sharp object with clean edges is known as:

A) Laceration

22
 B) Abrasion

C) Incision

D) Contusion

Ans: C) Incision

107. What is the primary purpose of a sterile dressing on a wound?

A) Increase circulation

B) Prevent contamination

C) Promote granulation tissue growth

D) Minimize scar formation

Ans: B) Prevent contamination

108. Which wound type has the highest risk for tetanus infection?

A) Abrasion

B) Puncture wound

C) Contusion

D) Bruise

Ans: B) Puncture wound

109. Which of the following is a primary factor for wound infection?

A) Presence of dirt or foreign bodies

B) Proper nutrition

C) Adequate sleep

D) Mild swelling

Ans: A) Presence of dirt or foreign bodies

110. What is the benefit of using saline for wound care?

A) It helps to reduce scarring

B) It does not damage healthy tissue

C) It promotes bleeding

D) It causes necrosis

Ans: B) It does not damage healthy tissue

23
These additional questions and answers should cover various aspects of wound care, infection
prevention, and healing phases.

======================

Here are 50 additional multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers based on the document:

### Additional MCQs and Answers:

111. Which of the following is a symptom of wound infection?

A) Fever

B) Diminished swelling

C) Reduced pain

D) Decreased exudate

Ans: A) Fever

112. What is the main purpose of wound irrigation?

A) To dry out the wound

B) To remove debris and pathogens

C) To prevent blood clotting

D) To increase inflammation

Ans: B) To remove debris and pathogens

113. Which type of wound results from scraping the outer layers of skin?

A) Puncture

B) Laceration

C) Abrasion

D) Incision

Ans: C) Abrasion

114. Which of the following describes the presence of excess fluid in wound tissue?

A) Exudate

B) Granulation

C) Debridement

D) Erythema

Ans: A) Exudate

24
115. Which dressing is ideal for maintaining a moist environment for wound healing?

A) Hydrocolloid dressing

B) Gauze

C) Cotton

D) Bandage

Ans: A) Hydrocolloid dressing

116. Which microorganism causes gas gangrene in wounds?

A) Clostridium botulinum

B) Staphylococcus aureus

C) Clostridium perfringens

D) Escherichia coli

Ans: C) Clostridium perfringens

117. Which of the following describes a condition where wound edges separate after suturing?

A) Granulation

B) Inflammation

C) Dehiscence

D) Hemostasis

Ans: C) Dehiscence

118. What is the primary indication for wound suturing?

A) Stop infection

B) Close a wound

C) Prevent bleeding

D) Control pain

Ans: B) Close a wound

119. Which of the following is an example of an external mechanical factor that can delay wound
healing?

A) Smoking

B) Infection

C) Pressure

25
 D) Inadequate nutrition

Ans: C) Pressure

120. Which type of wound dressing should be used for heavily exuding wounds?

A) Transparent film dressing

B) Hydrogel dressing

C) Alginate dressing

D) Dry gauze

Ans: C) Alginate dressing

121. What does the inflammatory phase of wound healing involve?

A) Formation of new skin

B) Blood clot formation and phagocytosis

C) Collagen production

D) Tissue maturation

Ans: B) Blood clot formation and phagocytosis

122. Which of the following is a primary method to prevent wound infection?

A) Irrigating with saline solution

B) Applying alcohol directly to the wound

C) Leaving the wound uncovered

D) Avoiding hand hygiene

Ans: A) Irrigating with saline solution

123. Which type of dressing is most appropriate for a dry wound with minimal exudate?

A) Hydrogel dressing

B) Alginate dressing

C) Hydrocolloid dressing

D) Cotton gauze

Ans: A) Hydrogel dressing

124. Which type of wound is characterized by the forceful tearing away of skin or body tissue?

A) Avulsion

B) Contusion

26
 C) Puncture

D) Bruise

Ans: A) Avulsion

125. Which of the following best describes secondary intention wound healing?

A) Wound edges are approximated

B) Wound heals without granulation

C) Wound is left open to heal naturally

D) Wound is sutured closed

Ans: C) Wound is left open to heal naturally

126. Which microorganism causes tetanus in deep puncture wounds?

A) Clostridium tetani

B) Staphylococcus aureus

C) Clostridium botulinum

D) Escherichia coli

Ans: A) Clostridium tetani

127. What is the best method for controlling bleeding in a wound?

A) Apply heat

B) Direct pressure and elevation

C) Apply a cold compress

D) Leave it exposed to air

Ans: B) Direct pressure and elevation

128. Which of the following is a characteristic of keloid scars?

A) Normal scar tissue formation

B) Scars that enlarge beyond the wound

C) Scars that fade within days

D) Scars that reduce inflammation

Ans: B) Scars that enlarge beyond the wound

129. Which phase of wound healing is associated with collagen synthesis and tissue formation?

A) Inflammatory phase

27
 B) Proliferative phase

C) Maturation phase

D) Hemostasis phase

Ans: B) Proliferative phase

130. Which of the following is an early sign of wound infection?

A) Absence of pain

B) Bright red granulation tissue

C) Persistent pain and warmth

D) Transparent drainage

Ans: C) Persistent pain and warmth

131. Which type of infection occurs when a pathogen invades the skin without visible symptoms?

A) Latent infection

B) Acute infection

C) Primary infection

D) Chronic infection

Ans: A) Latent infection

132. Which term refers to the removal of necrotic tissue from a wound to promote healing?

A) Suturing

B) Debridement

C) Erythema

D) Inflammation

Ans: B) Debridement

133. Which type of microorganism is responsible for cellulitis?

A) Virus

B) Fungus

C) Bacteria

D) Parasite

Ans: C) Bacteria

134. What is the key difference between a clean and a contaminated wound?

28
 A) Size of the wound

B) The type of skin injury

C) Presence of bacteria

D) The color of the wound edges

Ans: C) Presence of bacteria

135. Which of the following factors can impair wound healing?

A) Adequate blood supply

B) Proper nutrition

C) Smoking

D) Early wound closure

Ans: C) Smoking

136. Which type of immunity involves the body producing antibodies after exposure to an antigen?

A) Innate immunity

B) Acquired active immunity

C) Passive immunity

D) Non-specific immunity

Ans: B) Acquired active immunity

137. Which wound type results from a sharp object piercing the skin and creating a small hole?

A) Incision

B) Laceration

C) Puncture wound

D) Contusion

Ans: C) Puncture wound

138. Which of the following factors indicates that a wound is healing properly?

A) Pain and swelling after 10 days

B) Formation of granulation tissue

C) Foul-smelling drainage

D) Bright red, inflamed wound edges

Ans: B) Formation of granulation tissue

29
139. Which solution is commonly used for wound debridement?

A) Povidone-iodine

B) Normal saline

C) Dakin's solution

D) Hydrogen peroxide

Ans: C) Dakin's solution

140. What is the best way to reduce the risk of cross-infection during wound care?

A) Use alcohol to clean the wound

B) Apply bandages without gloves

C) Use proper hand hygiene and wear sterile gloves

D) Leave wounds open to air

Ans: C) Use proper hand hygiene and wear sterile gloves

141. Which type of lesion is a flat, discolored area of the skin?

A) Papule

B) Macule

C) Nodule

D) Plaque

Ans: B) Macule

142. In the maturation phase of wound healing, what happens to collagen fibers?

A) They are synthesized

B) They become stronger and are reorganized

C) They break down

D) They swell and cause edema

Ans: B) They become stronger and

are reorganized

143. Which of the following is NOT a local factor affecting wound healing?

A) Infection

B) Edema

C) Systemic disease

30
 D) Pressure

Ans: C) Systemic disease

144. Which type of solution is safest to use for wound irrigation in most cases?

A) Alcohol

B) Saline solution

C) Iodine

D) Dakin’s solution

Ans: B) Saline solution

145. Which of the following describes the process of epithelialization?

A) Blood clot formation

B) Formation of new skin tissue over a wound

C) Breakage of wound edges

D) Loss of tissue fluid

Ans: B) Formation of new skin tissue over a wound

146. In which of the following phases of wound healing does scar tissue form?

A) Inflammatory phase

B) Proliferative phase

C) Maturation phase

D) Hemostasis phase

Ans: C) Maturation phase

147. Which type of infection is most likely to occur in contaminated wounds?

A) Viral infection

B) Bacterial infection

C) Fungal infection

D) Parasitic infection

Ans: B) Bacterial infection

148. Which is the best first aid for a puncture wound with limited bleeding?

A) Clean and bandage the wound

B) Leave it exposed to air

31
 C) Apply heat to the wound

D) Apply sutures

Ans: A) Clean and bandage the wound

149. Which of the following is NOT a phase of wound healing?

A) Inflammatory phase

B) Proliferative phase

C) Erythema phase

D) Maturation phase

Ans: C) Erythema phase

150. Which of the following conditions may cause delayed wound healing?

A) Controlled diabetes

B) Chronic infections

C) Proper hydration

D) Sterile dressing application

Ans: B) Chronic infections

151. Which of the following describes the purpose of primary intention healing?

A) To allow the wound to heal naturally without sutures

B) To approximate wound edges with sutures or staples

C) To promote granulation tissue growth

D) To leave the wound open

Ans: B) To approximate wound edges with sutures or staples

152. Which wound type is most associated with animal bites?

A) Abrasion

B) Contusion

C) Puncture wound

D) Incision

Ans: C) Puncture wound

153. What is the main purpose of applying a bandage to a wound?

A) To allow exposure to air

32
 B) To reduce bleeding and protect from infection

C) To increase blood flow

D) To promote inflammation

Ans: B) To reduce bleeding and protect from infection

154. Which of the following is commonly used to disinfect wound areas?

A) Alcohol

B) Povidone-iodine

C) Normal saline

D) Tap water

Ans: B) Povidone-iodine

155. What is the medical term for the thickening of the stratum corneum?

A) Dyskeratosis

B) Hyperkeratosis

C) Acanthosis

D) Atrophy

Ans: B) Hyperkeratosis

156. Which of the following factors is necessary for proper wound healing?

A) Adequate protein intake

B) Poor blood circulation

C) Smoking

D) Excessive stress

Ans: A) Adequate protein intake

157. Which wound classification involves heavy contamination and evidence of infection?

A) Clean wound

B) Clean-contaminated wound

C) Dirty or infected wound

D) Sterile wound

Ans: C) Dirty or infected wound

158. Which of the following is an important function of collagen in wound healing?

33
 A) Provide a protective barrier

B) Stimulate epithelialization

C) Promote blood clotting

D) Strengthen the wound tissue

Ans: D) Strengthen the wound tissue

159. Which type of wound is most commonly associated with surgical procedures?

A) Incision

B) Laceration

C) Abrasion

D) Contusion

Ans: A) Incision

160. What is the primary role of neutrophils during the inflammatory phase of wound healing?

A) To remove dead tissue

B) To synthesize collagen

C) To fight infection and remove debris

D) To form granulation tissue

Ans: C) To fight infection and remove debris

===================

Here are 40 more multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers based on the document:

### Additional MCQs and Answers:

161. Which phase of wound healing involves the formation of a blood clot to stop bleeding?

A) Proliferative phase

B) Inflammatory phase

C) Maturation phase

D) Granulation phase

Ans: B) Inflammatory phase

162. Which of the following is a risk factor for developing a pressure ulcer?

A) High protein diet

B) Immobility

34
 C) Regular exercise

D) Hydration

Ans: B) Immobility

163. What is the function of platelets during wound healing?

A) Fight infection

B) Stimulate collagen production

C) Promote clot formation

D) Remove debris

Ans: C) Promote clot formation

164. Which of the following would most likely promote wound healing?

A) Smoking

B) Nutritional deficiencies

C) Adequate blood flow to the wound

D) Poor oxygenation

Ans: C) Adequate blood flow to the wound

165. Which of the following can delay wound healing?

A) Adequate hydration

B) Smoking

C) Proper wound cleaning

D) Balanced nutrition

Ans: B) Smoking

166. Which type of immune response is more rapid?

A) Innate immune response

B) Adaptive immune response

C) Passive immune response

D) Acquired immune response

Ans: A) Innate immune response

167. What is the purpose of a wound dressing?

A) Promote scar formation

35
 B) Absorb exudate and protect from contamination

C) Decrease blood flow to the area

D) Increase moisture in the wound

Ans: B) Absorb exudate and protect from contamination

168. What is the primary indication for wound irrigation?

A) Prevent bleeding

B) Cleanse the wound of debris and microorganisms

C) Promote scar formation

D) Apply medication

Ans: B) Cleanse the wound of debris and microorganisms

169. Which of the following is the main risk in treating large, open wounds?

A) Dehydration

B) Excessive granulation

C) Fluid loss and infection

D) Decreased blood circulation

Ans: C) Fluid loss and infection

170. Which of the following is a sign of granulation tissue in a healing wound?

A) Pink, bumpy tissue

B) Dark, necrotic tissue

C) Yellow, exudative tissue

D) Pale, scar tissue

Ans: A) Pink, bumpy tissue

171. Which of the following is most important for promoting tissue repair in a wound?

A) Protein

B) Carbohydrates

C) Fats

D) Water

Ans: A) Protein

172. What is the key function of fibroblasts during the proliferative phase of wound healing?

36
 A) Form new blood vessels

B) Produce collagen and extracellular matrix

C) Remove dead tissue

D) Increase blood flow to the wound

Ans: B) Produce collagen and extracellular matrix

173. Which wound type would most likely require tetanus prophylaxis?

A) Closed laceration

B) Puncture wound

C) Superficial abrasion

D) Surgical incision

Ans: B) Puncture wound

174. Which of the following defines a clean-contaminated wound?

A) A wound with no break in sterility

B) A wound with a minor break in sterility

C) A wound with significant contamination

D) A wound with evidence of infection

Ans: B) A wound with a minor break in sterility

175. Which of the following best describes an incision wound?

A) A wound with irregular edges

B) A clean cut through tissue

C) A deep wound with internal bleeding

D) A wound caused by friction

Ans: B) A clean cut through tissue

176. Which is NOT a function of the skin in wound healing?

A) Protection from microorganisms

B) Sensation of pain

C) Regulating body temperature

D) Digesting nutrients

Ans: D) Digesting nutrients

37
177. What is the main difference between a closed wound and an open wound?

A) Location of the wound

B) Presence of bleeding

C) Integrity of the skin

D) Pain intensity

Ans: C) Integrity of the skin

178. Which of the following is a characteristic of a contaminated wound?

A) No foreign bodies present

B) Sterile environment maintained

C) Presence of bacteria or foreign debris

D) Clean cut edges

Ans: C) Presence of bacteria or foreign debris

179. Which of the following is a common cause of pressure ulcers?

A) Frequent movement

B) Constant pressure over a bony area

C) Mild skin irritation

D) Excessive moisturizing of the skin

Ans: B) Constant pressure over a bony area

180. Which of the following increases the risk of wound infection?

A) Sterile dressing

B) Proper hand hygiene

C) Poor wound care

D) Early closure of the wound

Ans: C) Poor wound care

181. Which of the following is a feature of diabetic foot ulcers?

A) Caused by infection alone

B) Usually painless due to nerve damage

C) Occurs only on the hands

D) Heals rapidly without intervention

38
 Ans: B) Usually painless due to nerve damage

182. What is the primary function of collagen in wound healing?

A) Prevent infection

B) Strengthen the tissue

C) Increase blood flow

D) Promote exudate formation

Ans: B) Strengthen the tissue

183. Which solution should be used for cleaning a wound with heavy contamination?

A) Alcohol

B) Povidone-iodine

C) Normal saline

D) Sterile water

Ans: C) Normal saline

184. Which type of burn involves only the epidermis?

A) Full-thickness burn

B) Partial-thickness burn

C) Superficial burn

D) Deep dermal burn

Ans: C) Superficial burn

185. Which of the following is considered an open wound?

A) Contusion

B) Abrasion

C) Hematoma

D) Bruise

Ans: B) Abrasion

186. Which immune system cell is the first to respond to a wound?

A) Platelets

B) Neutrophils

C) Lymphocytes

39
 D) Fibroblasts

Ans: B) Neutrophils

187. What is the primary function of epithelial cells in wound healing?

A) Fight infection

B) Form new skin layers

C) Produce collagen

D) Remove necrotic tissue

Ans: B) Form new skin layers

188. Which of the following factors can impair wound healing?

A) Proper nutrition

B) Diabetes

C) Good hygiene

D) Adequate rest

Ans: B) Diabetes

189. Which solution is commonly used for wound irrigation and is gentle on tissues?

A) Normal saline

B) Hydrogen peroxide

C) Dakin's solution

D) Alcohol

Ans: A) Normal saline

190. Which type of wound dressing is most suitable for a dry, necrotic wound?

A) Hydrocolloid dressing

B) Gauze dressing

C) Transparent film dressing

D) Foam dressing

Ans: A) Hydrocolloid dressing

191. Which of the following is a potential complication of wound healing?

A) Excessive granulation

B) Increased blood flow

40
 C) Pain reduction

D) Decreased scar formation

Ans: A) Excessive granulation

192. Which of the following is essential for wound healing?

A) Vitamin D

B) Vitamin C

C) Calcium

D) Iron

Ans: B) Vitamin C

193. What is the purpose of applying ice to a wound immediately after injury?

A) Increase blood flow

B) Reduce swelling and pain

C) Promote granulation tissue

formation

D) Increase drainage

Ans: B) Reduce swelling and pain

194. Which of the following describes a laceration?

A) A puncture wound

B) A jagged, irregular break in the skin

C) A superficial scrape

D) A clean cut through the skin

Ans: B) A jagged, irregular break in the skin

195. What is the primary goal of wound care for burns?

A) Promote blister formation

B) Prevent infection and minimize fluid loss

C) Increase inflammation

D) Apply cold compress

Ans: B) Prevent infection and minimize fluid loss

196. What is a common cause of wound dehiscence?

41
 A) Controlled blood pressure

B) Excessive pressure or tension on the wound

C) Proper wound care

D) Early wound healing

Ans: B) Excessive pressure or tension on the wound

197. Which type of infection is most commonly associated with untreated wounds?

A) Fungal infection

B) Bacterial infection

C) Viral infection

D) Parasitic infection

Ans: B) Bacterial infection

198. What is the purpose of granulation tissue in wound healing?

A) Fight infection

B) Close the wound

C) Form new blood vessels and tissue

D) Promote scar formation

Ans: C) Form new blood vessels and tissue

199. Which of the following microorganisms is responsible for botulism?

A) Clostridium tetani

B) Staphylococcus aureus

C) Clostridium botulinum

D) Escherichia coli

Ans: C) Clostridium botulinum

200. What is the purpose of suturing a wound?

A) Prevent bleeding

B) Increase inflammation

C) Approximate the wound edges

D) Promote granulation tissue formation

Ans: C) Approximate the wound edges

42
===============

201. Which of the following is an intrinsic factor that can delay wound healing?

A) Poor nutrition

B) Repeated trauma

C) Agerelated skin changes

D) Wound infection

Ans: C) Agerelated skin changes

202. What is the main role of neutrophils in the inflammatory phase of wound healing?

A) Produce collagen

B) Fight infection and remove debris

C) Stimulate blood clotting

D) Form scar tissue

Ans: B) Fight infection and remove debris

203. Which of the following is considered a fullthickness wound?

A) Superficial abrasion

B) Seconddegree burn

C) Fullthickness burn

D) Contusion

Ans: C) Fullthickness burn

204. Which of the following factors is most important for wound healing in diabetic patients?

A) Blood sugar control

B) High protein intake

C) Moisture balance

D) Antibiotic use

Ans: A) Blood sugar control

205. What is the main purpose of hydrocolloid dressings?

A) To keep the wound dry

B) To absorb exudate and maintain a moist wound environment

C) To promote bleeding

43
 D) To increase tissue oxygenation

Ans: B) To absorb exudate and maintain a moist wound environment

206. Which microorganism is most commonly associated with surgical wound infections?

A) Escherichia coli

B) Staphylococcus aureus

C) Clostridium tetani

D) Candida albicans

Ans: B) Staphylococcus aureus

207. Which of the following complications is most likely to occur in a wound that remains open for an
extended period?

A) Increased blood flow

B) Wound dehiscence

C) Excessive scar formation

D) Delayed infection

Ans: C) Excessive scar formation

208. Which of the following is a benefit of using moist wound dressings?

A) Prevent granulation tissue formation

B) Promote epithelialization and reduce scarring

C) Slow down the healing process

D) Increase the risk of infection

Ans: B) Promote epithelialization and reduce scarring

209. Which of the following is the primary goal of managing an infected wound?

A) To allow the wound to heal naturally

B) To promote exudate formation

C) To reduce the infection and inflammation

D) To increase blood flow to the wound

Ans: C) To reduce the infection and inflammation

210. What is the role of growth factors in wound healing?

A) Break down scar tissue

44
 B) Promote cell migration and tissue repair

C) Reduce inflammation

D) Prevent blood clot formation

Ans: B) Promote cell migration and tissue repair

211. Which of the following is a characteristic of hypertrophic scars?

A) Extend beyond the wound boundaries

B) Remain within the wound boundaries

C) Form only in infected wounds

D) Always require surgical intervention

Ans: B) Remain within the wound boundaries

212. Which of the following dressings would be most appropriate for a dry wound?

A) Alginate dressing

B) Hydrogel dressing

C) Dry gauze

D) Foam dressing

Ans: B) Hydrogel dressing

213. Which phase of wound healing is characterized by the contraction of the wound edges?

A) Proliferative phase

B) Inflammatory phase

C) Remodeling phase

D) Hemostasis phase

Ans: A) Proliferative phase

214. Which of the following is a common sign of a healing wound?

A) Foulsmelling drainage

B) Red, bumpy granulation tissue

C) Continuous bleeding

D) Blackened tissue

Ans: B) Red, bumpy granulation tissue

215. Which of the following infections is associated with burn wounds?

45
 A) Staphylococcus aureus

B) Clostridium tetani

C) Escherichia coli

D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Ans: D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa

216. What is the primary function of macrophages in the wound healing process?

A) Clot formation

B) Phagocytosis of dead cells and bacteria

C) Production of collagen

D) Promotion of scar tissue

Ans: B) Phagocytosis of dead cells and bacteria

217. Which of the following is NOT a local factor affecting wound healing?

A) Infection

B) Wound tension

C) Presence of necrotic tissue

D) Blood circulation

Ans: D) Blood circulation

218. Which of the following solutions should be used to clean a surgical wound?

A) Dakin’s solution

B) Normal saline

C) Hydrogen peroxide

D) Alcohol

Ans: B) Normal saline

219. Which of the following best describes a partialthickness wound?

A) Only involves the epidermis

B) Involves both the epidermis and dermis

C) Involves all skin layers and underlying tissue

D) Extends to the bone

Ans: B) Involves both the epidermis and dermis

46
220. Which type of wound closure involves closing the wound after a delay to reduce infection risk?

A) Primary intention

B) Secondary intention

C) Tertiary intention

D) Quaternary intention

Ans: C) Tertiary intention

221. What is the purpose of using a foam dressing on a wound?

A) Keep the wound dry

B) Absorb excess exudate

C) Increase blood flow to the wound

D) Prevent tissue granulation

Ans: B) Absorb excess exudate

222. What is the primary function of fibroblasts in wound healing?

A) To remove dead tissue

B) To synthesize collagen

C) To produce growth factors

D) To prevent infection

Ans: B) To synthesize collagen

223. Which of the following is an example of a closed wound?

A) Laceration

B) Hematoma

C) Abrasion

D) Incision

Ans: B) Hematoma

224. Which of the following indicates delayed wound healing?

A) Clear fluid drainage

B) Formation of pink granulation tissue

C) Persistent redness and swelling

D) Wound edges approximated

47
 Ans: C) Persistent redness and swelling

225. Which type of burn is characterized by white, leathery skin and painless sensation?

A) Firstdegree burn

B) Seconddegree burn

C) Fullthickness burn

D) Partialthickness burn

Ans: C) Fullthickness burn

226. What is the primary cause of venous ulcers?

A) Poor arterial circulation

B) Hypertension

C) Venous insufficiency and stasis

D) Diabetes

Ans: C) Venous insufficiency and stasis

227. Which type of wound is caused by friction and shearing forces?

A) Incision

B) Abrasion

C) Laceration

D) Puncture wound

Ans: B) Abrasion

228. What is the primary goal of debridement in wound care?

A) Increase blood circulation

B) Remove dead tissue and promote healing

C) Increase granulation tissue

D) Reduce exudate production

Ans: B) Remove dead tissue and promote healing

229. Which of the following is a characteristic of arterial ulcers?

A) Located on pressure points

B) Caused by venous stasis

C) Painful and located on the lower extremities

48
 D) Always located on the trunk

Ans: C) Painful and located on the lower extremities

230. What is the role of cytokines in wound healing?

A) Prevent infection

B) Increase blood clotting

C) Regulate immune response and cell communication

D) Increase oxygen supply to the wound

Ans: C) Regulate immune response and cell communication

231. What is the first step in the management of a hemorrhaging

wound?

A) Apply antiseptic

B) Apply direct pressure

C) Clean the wound

D) Apply bandage

Ans: B) Apply direct pressure

232. Which of the following describes epithelialization in wound healing?

A) Formation of new blood vessels

B) Migration of epithelial cells across the wound bed

C) Formation of scar tissue

D) Blood clot formation

Ans: B) Migration of epithelial cells across the wound bed

233. Which of the following is most important for preventing wound infection?

A) Frequent dressing changes

B) Sterile technique and hand hygiene

C) Allowing the wound to air dry

D) Limiting movement of the wound area

Ans: B) Sterile technique and hand hygiene

234. Which of the following describes the process of angiogenesis in wound healing?

A) Formation of scar tissue

49
 B) Formation of new blood vessels

C) Reduction of exudate

D) Closure of the wound edges

Ans: B) Formation of new blood vessels

235. Which of the following is a complication associated with the use of occlusive dressings?

A) Dehydration of the wound

B) Maceration of the surrounding skin

C) Increased bleeding

D) Reduced scar formation

Ans: B) Maceration of the surrounding skin

236. What is the purpose of using alginate dressings for wounds?

A) Keep the wound moist

B) Absorb heavy exudate

C) Prevent bacterial growth

D) Increase oxygenation

Ans: B) Absorb heavy exudate

237. Which of the following is a primary risk factor for developing diabetic ulcers?

A) Low blood pressure

B) Neuropathy and poor circulation

C) Frequent foot movement

D) Proper wound care

Ans: B) Neuropathy and poor circulation

238. Which of the following is a feature of a pressure ulcer?

A) Forms only on the hands

B) Caused by excessive moisture

C) Occurs due to prolonged pressure over bony areas

D) Heals rapidly without treatment

Ans: C) Occurs due to prolonged pressure over bony areas

239. Which microorganism is a common cause of wound infections in hospitals?

50
 A) Staphylococcus aureus

B) Candida albicans

C) Escherichia coli

D) Clostridium botulinum

Ans: A) Staphylococcus aureus

240. Which of the following describes the proliferative phase of wound healing?

A) Formation of new skin layers

B) Production of granulation tissue and collagen

C) Blood clot formation

D) Breakdown of scar tissue

Ans: B) Production of granulation tissue and collagen

51