Understanding Learner Attitudes: Key Components for

Effective Classroom Instruction and Lesson Delivery

INTRODUCTION:
Teaching is a dynamic profession, and at its core is the profound
connection between teachers and learners. As a teacher, it is
important to understand learners attitude and how significantly
impact your effectiveness in the classroom. As student-teachers,
you're not just conduits of information; you are orchestrators of
learning experiences. Recognizing and responding to the attitudes
your students bring to the classroom is a skill that can elevate your
teaching from good to exceptional.
In the words of William Arthur Ward, 'The mediocre teacher tells.
The good teacher explains. The superior teacher demonstrates. The
great teacher inspires. Student - teachers should not only be
inspired but equipped with a powerful tool that lies at the core of
successful teaching, a profound understanding of the attitudes
students bring into the learning space.
Learner attitudes
refer to the amalgamation of feelings, beliefs, and predispositions
that students carry into the learning environment. These attitudes
construct a cognitive and emotional framework that significantly
influences how students engage with the material and navigate the
learning process.
The impact of learner attitudes is palpable in the student-teacher
dynamic during teaching practice. The emotional and cognitive
stance that students bring to the classroom directly shapes the
effectiveness of the teaching-learning exchange.
Understanding learner attitudes is a cornerstone of effective
teaching, influencing not only how students engage with the
material but also shaping the overall classroom environment. As
future teachers embarking on teaching practice, it is crucial to
recognize the profound impact that student attitudes can have on
the learning experience. By having a wider understanding about
these attitudes, you gain valuable insights that can inform your
instructional strategies and lesson delivery techniques, fostering a
more dynamic and responsive teaching approach.
Components of Learner Attitudes Relevant to Classroom
Instruction
To effectively understand learner attitudes, we must dissect key
components such as motivation, interest, self-efficacy, and prior
experiences. Motivation drives student commitment, interest fuels
curiosity, self-efficacy shapes confidence, and past experiences
mold perceptions. Recognizing these components allows educators
to identify potential challenges and tailor their instructional
approaches accordingly (Keiler, 2018).
A) Motivations
Motivation plays an important role in shaping learner attitudes,
influencing their engagement, participation, and overall learning
experience in the classroom. It represent the driving forces behind
students' engagement in learning. Intrinsic motivation, arising from
an internal desire for understanding or interest in the subject,
fosters sustained engagement and deeper comprehension. On the
other hand, extrinsic motivation, derived from external factors like
grades or rewards, can be effective but must be balanced with the
cultivation of intrinsic motivation for long-term academic success.

Intrinsic motivation stems from internal factors, where learners find

personal satisfaction and fulfillment in the learning process. This can
be fueled by genuine interest, curiosity, or a sense of
accomplishment. Understanding the intrinsic motivation of students
is crucial for teachers as it allows them to choose instructional
methods that align with individual interests, fostering a positive
attitude towards learning. Intrinsic motivation often leads to a
deeper and more enduring understanding of the subject matter.

On the other hand, extrinsic motivation is derived from external

factors such as rewards, grades, or approval from others. While
extrinsic motivation can be effective in prompting short-term
engagement, it may not sustain a long-term positive attitude
towards learning. Teachers need to balance the use of extrinsic
motivators, ensuring they complement intrinsic motivation rather
than overshadowing it. Over reliance on external rewards may
inadvertently hinder the development of genuine interest and
enthusiasm for learning.

In the context of classroom instruction and lesson delivery,

educators must recognize the diverse nature of motivational factors
among students. Tailoring teaching methods to incorporate
elements that resonate with both intrinsic and extrinsic motivators
can enhance overall student engagement. For instance,
incorporating real-world examples, hands-on activities, and
collaborative projects can tap into intrinsic motivation, while
recognizing achievements through constructive feedback and
acknowledging accomplishments can contribute to extrinsic
motivation.
In summary, understanding the role of motivation in shaping learner
attitudes is imperative for effective classroom instruction.
Acknowledging the interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic
motivation allows educators to craft instructional strategies that
inspire a positive attitude towards learning, fostering a dynamic and
enriching educational environment for student-teachers during their
teaching practice.

Self-Efficacy:
Self-efficacy refers to a student's belief in their ability to succeed in
a particular task or subject. Students with high self-efficacy are more
likely to persevere through challenges, while those with low self-
efficacy may become discouraged. Teachers can boost self-efficacy
by providing constructive feedback, offering achievable challenges,
and highlighting students' successes.

Prior Experiences:
Prior experiences encompass students' past encounters with
learning, both positive and negative. Previous experiences shape
students' perceptions of the classroom environment and their
attitudes towards specific subjects. Teachers need to be aware of
these experiences to address any potential challenges and to build
on positive associations.

Emotional State:
The emotional state reflects students' feelings and mood during the
learning process. Emotional well-being directly impacts cognitive
functioning. Teachers should be attuned to students' emotional
states, fostering a positive atmosphere and providing support when
needed. This awareness contributes to a conducive learning
environment.

Cultural Background and Diversity:

Learners bring diverse cultural backgrounds and experiences into
the classroom. Recognizing and respecting cultural differences is
essential for creating an inclusive learning environment. Cultural
sensitivity is a crucial aspect when considering learner attitudes,
especially in the context of classroom instruction and lesson
delivery. Recognizing and respecting the diverse cultural
backgrounds of students contributes significantly to creating an
inclusive and supportive learning environment. As student-teachers
embark on their teaching practice, it is essential to emphasize the
importance of understanding the cultural nuances present in the
classroom.

Teachers who are culturally sensitive are better equipped to connect

with their students on a personal level, fostering a positive teacher-
student relationship. This connection, in turn, positively influences
learner attitudes by creating an atmosphere of trust and mutual
respect. Students are more likely to engage with the learning
process when they feel their cultural identities are acknowledged
and valued within the classroom.
Classroom Instruction Strategies and Lesson Delivery
Techniques
Effective teaching involves not only imparting information but also
connecting with students on a personal and emotional level.
Utilizing clear communication, encouraging student participation,
and adapting teaching approaches based on continuous feedback
are essential techniques. By aligning lesson delivery with the
prevailing attitudes of the learners, educators can enhance
comprehension, sustain engagement, and contribute to a positive
and enriching educational experience.
Active learning strategies encompass a range of techniques, such as
group discussions, hands-on experiments, role-playing, and
problem-solving activities, which encourage students to actively
participate in the learning process. These methods serve to shift the
traditional teacher-centered approach towards a student-centered
one, where learners take an active role in constructing their
understanding of the subject matter.
One key benefit of active learning is the heightened engagement it
elicits from students. When learners are actively involved in the
learning process, they are more likely to be attentive, motivated,
and participative. This increased engagement positively influences
learner attitudes by fostering a sense of curiosity and enthusiasm
towards the subject matter. Active learning strategies provide a
departure from passive learning, encouraging students to explore,
question, and apply their knowledge in real-world contexts.
A) hands-on experiments
Hands-on experiences, a prominent aspect of active learning, hold
particular merit in enhancing learner attitudes. Whether it involves
conducting science experiments, engaging in simulations, or
participating in field trips, these experiences provide students with
tangible connections to the curriculum. Such practical applications
not only deepen understanding but also contribute to a more
positive perception of the subject matter. Students are more likely to
develop a lasting interest in a subject when they can see its
relevance and practical implications in their lives.
During lesson delivery, as student-teachers you should incorporate
a variety of active learning strategies to cater to different learning
preferences and styles. By incorporating interactive elements,
teachers create a vibrant and inclusive learning environment. For
instance, using technology, incorporating debates, or organizing
collaborative projects allows students to actively engage with the
content, promoting a positive attitude towards the learning process.

B) feedback and communication

In the context of classroom instruction and lesson delivery, the
significance of feedback and communication cannot be overstated.
Student-teachers preparing for their teaching practice should
recognize the pivotal role of constructive feedback in shaping
positive learner attitudes and the importance of effective
communication strategies to build trust and rapport with students.
In terms of lesson delivery, incorporating feedback loops within
instructional strategies and maintaining clear communication
channels are essential. Student-teachers should encourage students
to ask questions, seek clarification, and provide their input during
lessons. By creating an environment that values communication,
teachers ensure that learners feel seen, heard, and valued,
positively impacting their attitudes towards both the subject matter
and the learning experience as a whole.
Constructive feedback serves as a powerful tool for guiding student
learning and shaping their attitudes towards academic pursuits. By
providing specific, actionable, and positive feedback, teachers can
help students understand their strengths, areas for improvement,
and progress over time. It is essential for you as a teacher to grasp
the delicate balance between acknowledging achievements and
offering constructive criticism to create an environment where
learners feel supported and motivated.

Furthermore, feedback should be timely and personalized, catering

to individual learning needs. This personalized approach not only
aids in academic development but also fosters a sense of
recognition and value, positively influencing learner attitudes.
Student-teachers should embrace the role of feedback as a means
of cultivating a growth mindset among students, encouraging them
to view challenges as opportunities for learning and improvement.

Effective communication is equally vital in establishing a positive

learning environment. As student-teachers you must employ
strategies that encourage open and transparent communication,
fostering trust and rapport with their students. Active listening,
applicability, and empathy are key elements that contribute to
creating a supportive classroom atmosphere where students feel
comfortable expressing their thoughts and concerns.

C) Practical Strategies
Incorporating practical strategies such as pre-assessment can
significantly contribute to understanding and shaping learner
attitudes within the classroom. Recommending the use of pre-
assessments is important as it allows teachers to gauge students'
prior knowledge and attitudes before introducing a new topic. By
understanding the baseline, student-teachers should ensure their
lessons meet the diverse needs and expectations of learners. Pre-
assessment not only provides insights into the academic readiness
of students but also sheds light on their attitudes towards the
subject matter, helping teachers craft instructional strategies that
resonate with the unique perspectives and interests of the class
(Keiler, 2018).

Another practical tip for student-teachers involves fostering a

culture of reflection and adaptation. Encouraging ongoing reflection
on teaching practices allows educators to assess the effectiveness
of their instructional methods and gauge the impact on learner
attitudes. Student-teachers should recognize the importance of self-
assessment and seek feedback from both students and mentors to
gain a comprehensive understanding of the classroom dynamics.
Emphasizing the value of adaptation, based on continuous
assessment of learner attitudes and feedback, underscores the
dynamic nature of teaching. By being responsive to the evolving
needs and attitudes of students, teachers can refine their lesson
plans, instructional approaches, and classroom management
strategies to create an environment that promotes positive learner
attitudes and optimal engagement. This commitment to reflection
and adaptation is integral to the growth and effectiveness of
student-teachers as they navigate the challenges and opportunities
of their teaching practice.

Conclusion,
The journey into effective classroom instruction and lesson delivery
for student-teachers hinges on a comprehensive understanding of
learner attitudes. The key components highlighted, such as
motivation, cultural sensitivity, social dynamics, differentiated
instruction, active learning strategies, and feedback and
communication, collectively shape the educational landscape.
Recognizing the role of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation allows for
the crafting of instructional strategies that resonate with individual
interests. Cultural sensitivity fosters inclusivity and positive teacher-
student relationships, while acknowledging the impact of peer
interactions and group dynamics contributes to a supportive
learning atmosphere. Differentiated instruction ensures that
teaching methods cater to diverse learning styles, and incorporating
active learning strategies enhances engagement and enthusiasm for
the subject matter.
Keiler, L.S. (2018) Teachers’ roles and identities in student-centered classrooms -
international journal of STEM education, SpringerOpen. Available at:
https://stemeducationjournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40594-018-
0131-6 (Accessed: 15 January 2024).