Remarks:

ˆ This document is a PRACTICE final exam. It is not the final exam. The practice is
meant to help you prepare for the final.

ˆ It is your responsibility to know where and when the final exam is. It is advise that you arrive
10-15 minutes before the start of the exam, to optimize the full 3 hours allocated for the final.

ˆ The final exam covers the entire course.

ˆ It is strongly advised that you go over all of the proofs and problems covered in the lecture
notes, the class exercises, and this practice exam. Some of them will appear on the actual final.

ˆ While preparing for the final, is advised that you print and work with formula sheet that will
be given to you at the final. This way you will know where the relevant formulas are located in
the document.

ˆ For all problems pertaining to interval estimates and hypothesis test; a conclusion in the context
of the problem is required.

ˆ Solutions to this Practice Final will be posted on Monday, May 9, 6:00 pm

Practice Final 2

1. Suppose that it is known that Pacific Sockeye Salmon have an average length of 35 inches with a
standard deviation of σ = 2.2 inches. Environmentalists, concerned about the level of pollutants
in the ocean, captured 40 salmons were caught, and found that the mean length to be 37.8
inches.

(a) At the 0.05 significance level, does the data indicate that the lengths of Pacific Sockeye
Salmon is more than 35 inches.
(b) Construct and explain how a one-sided confidence interval could be used to corroborate the
conclusion of the hypothesis test obtained in part (a).
(c) Suppose that the true value of µ was 37 inches. What is the probability of committing a
Type II error?
(d) What is the Power of this test?

2. How many times will the digit ”7” be written when listing the integers from 1 to 1000?

3. Thirty people are invited to a party. Each person accepts the invitation, independently of
all others, with probability 1/3. Let X be the number of accepted invitations. Compute the
following:

(a) E(X)
(b) V (X)
(c) E(X 2 )
(d) E[X 2 − 4X + 5]

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4. Corrupted by their power, the judges running the popular game show America’s Next Top
Mathematician have been taking bribes from many of the contestants. Each episode, a given
contestant is either allowed to stay on the show or is kicked off.

If the contestant has been bribing the judges she will be allowed to stay with probability 1. If
the contestant has not been bribing the judges, she will be allowed to stay with probability 1/3.

Suppose that 1/4 of the contestants have been bribing the judges. The same contestants bribe
the judges in both rounds, i.e., if a contestant bribes them in the first round, she bribes them in
the second round too (and vice versa).

(a) If you pick a random contestant who was allowed to stay during the first episode, what is
the probability that she was bribing the judges?
(b) If you pick a random contestant, what is the probability that she is allowed to stay during
both of the first two episodes?
(c) If you pick random contestant who was allowed to stay during the first episode, what is the
probability that she gets kicked off during the second episode?

5. An auditor for an insurance company that provides health care plans is assigned the task of
evaluating reimbursement for office visits to chiropractors. The audit is to be conducted for all
such payments in a particular geographical area during a certain month. Suppose the audit is
conducted on a sample of 75 of the reimbursements, with the following result:

ˆ In 12 of the office visit, an incorrect amount of reimbursements was provided.

(a) At the 5% significance level, is there sufficient evidence to the indicate that the average
reimbursement is less than $100.
(b) At the 5% significance level, is there sufficient evidence to the indicate that the proportion
of incorrect reimbursements in the population is greater than 0.10.

6. Two statistics teachers both believe that each has the smarter class. To put this to the test,
they give the same final exam to their students. A summary of the class sizes, class means, and
standard deviations is given below:

n1 = 35, x̄1 = 82, s1 = 16

n2 = 48, x̄2 = 83.9, s2 = 18.4

(a) Is there evidence, at an α = 0.02 level of significance, to conclude that there is a difference
in the two classes? Assume that the variances from are the same.
(b) Construct a 98% confidence interval for the difference of means. Does this change the
conclusion that you obtained in (a)?

7. The time between arrivals of small aircraft at a county airport is exponentially distributed with
a mean of one hour.

(a) What is the probability that more than three aircraft arrive within an hour?
(b) If 30 separate one-hour intervals are chosen, what is the probability that no interval contains
more than three arrivals?
(c) Determine the length of an interval of time (in hours) such that the probability that no
arrivals occur during the interval is 0.10.

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 8. Does alcohol affect the ability to think? A random sample consisting of 11 automobile drivers
was selected to study whether or not alcohol has some effect on time to complete a puzzle.
Under one scenario, the person would drink a beverage that contained no alcohol; under another
scenario, the person would drink a beverage with alcohol. Each person’s time to complete the
puzzle was recorded. The following data were obtained:

Driver 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
No alcohol 7.1 6.3 6.8 8.4 6.9 8.5 7.3 7.7 8.1 7.4 6.6
With Alcohol 7.4 6.2 6.6 9.3 7.2 8.8 7.6 7.9 8.7 7.9 7.0

(a) Do the data provide any evidence to conclude that more time is required to complete the
puzzle after consuming alcohol? Test the appropriate hypotheses at α = 0.01.
(b) Construct an explain how a one-sided confidence interval could be used to support the
conclusion obtained in part(a).

9. The diameters of apples grown in an orchard are normally distributed with mean 3.4 and standard
deviation 0.85 inches.

(a) What proportion of the apples has their diameters greater than 4 inches?
(b) 95% of the apples will have a diameter greater than what value?
(c) Suppose that we take a random sample of three apples from this orchard. What is the
probability that the average diameter of the three apples is greater than 4 inches?
(d) How large a sample from this population should be taken if one wants to be 99% sure that
the sampling error does not exceed 0.25 inches?

10. Two types of plastic are suitable for an electronics component manufacturer to use. The breaking
strength of this plastic is important. It is known that σ1 = σ2 = 1.0 psi. From random sample
of size n1 = 10 and n2 = 12, you obtain x̄1 = 162.5 and x̄2 = 155.0. The company will not adopt
plastic 1 unless its mean breaking strength exceeds that of plastic 2 by at least 10psi.

(a) Based on the sample information, should it use plastic 1 ? Use α = 0.05 in reaching a
decision. Find the P -value.
(b) Calculate a 95% confidence bound on the difference in means. Explain how it could be
used to support the conclusion reached in (a).
(c) Suppose that the true difference in means is really 12psi. Find the power of the test
assuming that α = 0.05.
(d) Assume that the sample sizes are equal. What sample size should be used to obtain β =
0.025 if the true difference in means is 2? Assume that α = 0.05.

11. The life of a semiconductor laser at a constant power is normally distributed with a mean of
7000 hours and a standard deviation of 600 hours.

(a) What is the probability that a laser fails before 5800 hours?
(b) What is the life in hours that 90% of the lasers exceed?
(c) What should the mean life equal for 99% of the lasers to exceed 10,000 hours before failure?

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12. A nutritionist claims that the proportion of individuals who have at most an eighth-grade educa-
tion and consume more than the USDA’s recommended daily allowance of 300 mg of cholesterol
is higher than the proportion of individuals who have at least some college and consume too
much cholesterol. In interviews with 320 individuals who have at most an eighth-grade educa-
tion, she determined that 114 of them consumed too much cholesterol. In interviews with 350
individuals with at least some college, she determined that 112 of them consumed too much
cholesterol per day.

(a) At the 5% level of significance, does the data indicate support the nutritionist’s claim?
What is the P −value?
(b) Construct a one-sided confidence bound to support the conclusion of the test obtained in
part (a).
(c) What is the power of the test if the true difference between the two population proportions
was really 40%