STS Reporting PT 2

State the different leaders (presidents/prime ministers) and their contribution in the development of
science and technology in Myanmar:
Leaders and their Contributions to Science and Technology in Myanmar
First is ne win or shu maung, he was the dictator of Myanmar (formerly known as Burma) from 1962
to 1988
Ne Win (Prime Minister, 1958-1960, Burmese General, 1962-1974; President, 1974-1981)
Known for: being the dictator of Myanmar (formerly known as Burma) from 1962 to 1988
Born:
https://www.newmandala.org/book-review/review-of-general-ne-win-a-political-biography/
• Shu Maung TO Ne Win his real name
During World War II, after the Japanese invasion of Burma, he was one of the Thirty Comrades who, in
1941, went to Hainan province in China to receive military training from the occupying Japanese there. It
was at that time that he adopted the name Ne Win. .
• Established the Myanmar Scientific and Technological Research Department and the Myanmar
Engineering Society during his rule as the military ruler of Burma from 1962 to 1988.
• Invested in the establishment of research institutions, such as the Myanmar Scientific and
Technological Research Department.
The MSTRD It aims to apply scientific and technological advancements to address Myanmar's
developmental needS while yung MES It was founded to promote the engineering profession, facilitate
the exchange of technical knowledge, and support the development of Myanmar's engineering
capabilities.
However, his overall policies of isolationism and prioritizing the military over social and economic
development may have hindered the broader advancement of science and technology in Myanmar
during his long rule.
He left Myanmar (formerly known as Burma), facing a very uncertain future. Myanmar has become
known for its widespread human rights abuses, so it is unlikely that the historic ruling will be easily
forgiven there.
By the late 1980s, the policies of former leader Ne Win had turned Myanmar into one of the poorest
countries in the world. Ne Win had implemented socialist and isolationist policies that severely damaged
Myanmar's economy and standard of living for its people.
Than Shwe (General, 1992-2011)
https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE7BL0IL/
Known For: Than Shwe was the military dictator of Burma from 1992 to 2011.
Born: February 2, 1933 in Kyaukse, British Burma

• Recognized the importance of science and technology for Myanmar's as a special envoy to the
United States in 2009, in an attempt to improve relations with the US.
• However, his regime was characterized by widespread human rights abuses and a lack of
investment in civilian scientific research and development.
It was said sa nabasang KONG article na during his regime IT WAS brutal. Under his leadership, there
was no freedom of the press or free speech in Burma. Before rin naging allied siya ni ne win KUMBAGA
NA PROMOTES SIYA DAHIL DUN SA TUMULONG SIYA SA PAG REFORM NUNG SOCIALIST AGENDA so
under the Burmese military government, led by him, they used very brutal tactics to control the people
and stop any protests or dissent. They used things like rape, torture, executions, and making people
disappear to frighten and oppress the population.
Thein Sein (President, 2011-2016) https://www.eria.org/news-and-views/former-president-u-thein-

sein-wins-regional-award/
• Initiated a series of political and economic reforms, including efforts to modernize Myanmar's
higher education system and research infrastructure
“During his five-year reign, [U] Thein Sein was credited for instituting both economic and political
reforms that turned one of the world’s poorest countries into one of the rising young tigers in Asia. The
democratic transformation under his leadership was applauded by both the regional and international
communities,” his government have an agenda of political and social reforms, including relaxing press
restrictions, releasing political prisoners, and concluding cease-fire accords with rebel ethnic groups.
Aung San Suu Kyi (State Counsellor, 2016-2021)
Although primarily known for her political leadership, she even received an award from The
Norwegian Nobel Committee the Nobel Peace Prize for 1991 to Aung San Suu Kyi of Myanmar (Burma)
for her non-violent struggle for democracy and human rights.
Daw Aung San Suu Kyi emulates U Thant's diplomatic approach to peace. indicating that she
has been inspired by his peacemaking abilities and his contributions to the UN's development
goals.
Aung San Suu Kyi's government also took steps to:
• focused on improving the education system, including increasing funding for schools,
improving teacher training, and updating curricula.
While not directly involved in scientific research Aung San Suu Kyi's government
• promoted a culture of research and innovation by supporting institutions and programs

that encourage scientific inquiry and technological development.
https://www.asianstudies.org/publications/eaa/archives/aung-san-suu-kyi-a-leader-born-a-leader-
made/

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State the different leaders (presidents/prime ministers) and their contribution in the development of

science and technology in Myanmar:

Leaders and their Contributions to Science and Technology in Myanmar

• Shu Maung TO Ne Win his real name

Than Shwe (General, 1992-2011)

Born: February 2, 1933 in Kyaukse, British Burma

Thein Sein (President, 2011-2016) https://www.eria.org/news-and-views/former-president-u-thein-

Aung San Suu Kyi (State Counsellor, 2016-2021)

Aung San Suu Kyi's government also took steps to:

• promoted a culture of research and innovation by supporting institutions and programs

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