International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)

ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8 Issue-3, September 2019

Experimental Research on Heat Transfer

Characteristics of Helical Coil Heat Exchanger
with Varying Pitch for laminar Fluid Flow
K S Madhu, Shankara Reddy R, S G Sanga Shetty
 exchangers can be made as a shell and tube heat exchangers
Abstract: To Study on rate of heat transfer in heat exchanger and can be utilized for mechanical applications, for example,
using helical coils has been studied by many researchers. There is power plant, atomic industry, process plants, heat
less published literature available on varying pitch helical coil
recuperation frameworks, refrigeration, sustenance industry
heat exchanger and detail characteristics of helical coil varying
pitch by keeping constant curvature ratio considering heat and so forth. In the literature study shows that utilization of
exchange between fluid to fluid heat exchanger for laminar flow helical coil heat exchanger rather than straight tube builds
condition not available in the present available literature. Hence effectiveness and heat transfer coefficients, Temperature
in present study three different coils with varying pitches are used ascent of the liquid was observed to be influenced by coil
to investigate the heat transfer characteristics of a Helical Coil geometry and by the stream rate [1], the numerical
Heat Exchanger. Hence coil of 25mm, 30mm, 35mm are used by
keeping constant curvature ratio (=0.0667), experiment is
examination of vertically coil tube heat exchanger has been
conducted to study the influence of varying pitch on effectiveness, conducted, the impact of coil tube and pitch diameter on the
heat transfer rate, over all heat transfer co-efficient and Nusselt adequacy has been researched [2],S.S. pawer et al.
Number. The experiments is conducted in horizontal counter exploratory examinations on unsteady state conditions were
steady flow condition and changing the flow rate of hot fluid, done in helical coils for Newtonian and non-Newtonian
pitch of helical coil heat exchanger. The results show that the
liquids, this tests performed for coil with varying curvature
varying pitch of helical coil heat exchanger has influence on heat
transfer characteristics. The effectiveness of the helical coil heat ratio in laminar and turbulent flow. it was seen from results
exchanger is decreases with increase in mass flow rate of the hot that as helix distance across expands, generally speaking
fluid inside helical tube for varying pitch considered for study. overall heat transfer coefficient and nussult quantities of hot
The heat transfer rate of the helical coil heat exchanger is liquids diminishes for the same flow [3], Jayakumar et al.
increases with increase in Dean Number of the hot fluid inside Creators contrasted their trial results and the CFD results and
helical tube for varying pitch considered for study. The overall
heat transfer coefficient increases with increasing hot water mass
they created above correlation to find out inward heat transfer
flow rate. The Nussult Number at different dean number coefficient in helical coil. They saw that the utilization of
increases for increasing helical coil pitch however the trend of steady qualities for the thermal and transport properties of the
average heat transfer rate for increasing M Number for varying heat transport medium outcomes in forecast of off base heat
pitch observed similar. By increasing the coil pitch of helical coil transfer coefficient [4], Jayakumar et al. the development of
heat exchanger decreases Nussult Number, inside overall heat
liquid particles in a helical pipe has been followed, CFD
transfer coefficient, heat transfer rate and effectiveness.
Keywords: Heat Exchanger, helical coil, varying pitch, Nusselt simulations are completed for vertically arranged helical coils
Number, effectiveness, Dean Number. by varying coil parameters such tube pitch, pipe width, pitch
circle diameter and their impact on heat transfer has been
I. INTRODUCTION contemplated [5]. Jayakumar et al. there do exist couple of
trial results on hydrodynamics of air water move through
Helical coil heat exchangers are one of the most generally
helical pipes anyway numerical examination, which can give
use equipment found in numerous mechanical applications.
much knowledge into the material science of the issue. From
Helical coil heat exchanger is one of the gadgets which are
this examination, it has been set up that relationships for heat
utilized for the recuperation framework. The helical coil heat
transfer and weight drop will consider the pitch circle width,
pipe diameter and portion at the inlet [6]. Jeschke He
appeared just because the contrast between the heat transfer
Manuscript published on 30 September 2019
* Correspondence Author coefficient in coiled cylinders and straight cylinders is huge;
K S Madhu*, Assistant professor, Department of Mechanical the work was for a constrained scope of parameters [7], Seban
Engineering, RajaRajeswari College of Engineering, Bangalore-74, India, and McLaughlin the liquid was warmed by electrical
E-mail: [email protected].
scattering through cylinder divider rather than steam. Their
Dr. Shankara Reddy, Professor, Department of Mechanical
Engineering, RajaRajeswari College of Engineering, Bangalore-74, India, examinations demonstrated that the factor [1 + 3.5 (a/R)] isn't
E-mail: [email protected]. precise and significantly more noteworthy upgrade in the heat
Dr. S G Sanga Shetty, Professor, Department of Mechanical transfer coefficient is accomplished in helical coil over
Engineering, RajaRajeswari College of Engineering, Bangalore-74, India,
E-mail: [email protected]. straight cylinder [8], Rogers and Mayhew It is like correlation
created by [8].
© The Authors. Published by Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and
Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the
CC-BY-NC-ND license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Retrieval Number C4149098319/19©BEIESP

DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.C4149.098319 Published By:
Journal Website: www.ijrte.org Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
315 & Sciences Publication
 Experimental Research on Heat Transfer Characteristics of Helical Coil Heat Exchanger with Varying
Pitch for laminar Fluid Flow
In any case, they warmed liquid streaming in helical II. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
cylinders by steam and liquid properties were evaluated
A. Layout of Experimental setup
dependent on mean mass temperature [9], Mori and WATER INKET
o 3
24c
Nakayama they found that the expansion in heat transfer rate A v Th1 Th2 Tc1 Tc2

isn't as huge as that under laminar stream condition. 1

T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6

They further expressed that there is no noteworthy contrast in

heat transfer coefficient for steady divider temperature and 5

1
2
4

consistent warmth motion limit condition [10], Mujawar and 5

Rao They set up just because, the criteria for laminar stream
90
135 45

z z z z 180

225 270 305

0
5

in coiled tubes based on another dimensionless number 'M'

z z z z
7

reasoned from an information of the coil curvature ratio z z 9 8

proportion on the stream bends. For Newtonian liquid, the

z z
10

basis for laminar stream in helical coil is given by above

z

relationship [11], Pawar et al. No relationship was created by Figure 1 Schematic layout of Experimental setup
creators. Their outcomes for rectangular cross area
1. Control valve 2. Water heater
demonstrated 24.8% normal upgrade in heat transfer z z
3. Digital temperature indicator
coefficient over coil of circular cross section [12], Xin and
z z z z z z z
4. Roto meter 5&9. Helical coil tube
Ebadian this connection depends on their exploratory
7. Protractor 8. Insulation (glass wool)
outcomes for vertical direction of coil for water and air. They 6. Shell (shell inner diameter 320mm, outer shell
completed exploratory work for three distinct liquids air, 326mm, length is 500mm)Mild steel
water and ethylene glycol on five consistently warmed helical
z z z
( powder coated)
channels [13], N. jamshidi et al. trial examination is done 10. Sump
investigation the heat transfer qualities in sell and helical coil Th1 Inlet temp. Tc1 Inlet temp.
cylinder heat exchanger utilizing Wilson plot and taguchi hot water in OC Cold water OC
technique demonstrates that shell side stream rate, curl Th2 Outlet temp. Tc2 Outlet temp.
breadth, tube side stream rate and curl pitch are the most hot water OC Cold water OC
significant plan parameters in snaked heat exchanger[15] , T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6thermocouple readings connected at
Mahmoudi et al., researched the constrained convection heat the six distinctive area on the outside of the helical coil
transfer and weight drop in helically wound funnels utilizing
TiO2/water nano fluid and revealed that for a given Reynolds
number, senior member Number significantly affects heat
transfer[16], Izadpanah et al., contemplated the characteristic
convection heat transfer over the external surface of helically
coil heat exchanger inside a water tank. The impact of coil
breadth, pitch, turns and mass stream rate were considered
and displayed a power law connection for the Nusselt number
[17] , Shokouhmand et al. directed examinations on a helical
curl heat exchanger with air and water as the heat transfer
liquid and proposed a relationship for assessing the heat
transfer coefficient [18], Conte et al., performed numerical Fig 2 Helical coils
examination to comprehend constrained laminar stream in
rectangular wound funnels with round cross area. Tapered
curls demonstrated better heat transfer performance [19],
Chen et al. led numerical examinations on double cylinder
heat exchanger in parallel and counter stream designs.
Internal cylinder with oval cross area indicated better heat
transfer characteristics [20] , Kharat et al. built up a
connection for heat transfer coefficient for stream between
z z z z z

concentric helical coils [21].

z z

Fig 3 Basic geometry of a helical pipe

Retrieval Number C4149098319/19©BEIESP

DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.C4149.098319 Published By:
Journal Website: www.ijrte.org Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
316 & Sciences Publication
 International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)
ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8 Issue-3, September 2019

Table 1Physical Measurements of helical coils utilized (5)

Helical ai=πdiL and ao=πdoL (6)

Coil -1 Coil -2 Coil -3
Coils
P(mm) 25 30 35 d. Determine the heat transfer coefficient by using
Material relationship:
copper copper copper
Type (7)
,
kc at 273K 386 386 386
N 15 13.5 11
Rc (mm) 74.9 74.9 74.9
R (mm) 5 5 5
 0.0667 0.0667 0.0667 (8)
do (mm) 12.7 12.7 12.7
di (mm) 10 10 10
L (m) 7409.1 6706.13 5531.01 (9)
ao(m2) 0.2956 0.2675 0.2206
ai (m2) 0.2327 0.2106 0.1737
Tos is the average outside coil surface temp.(a normal
of six thermocouple readings connected at six unique
B. Experimental Procedure areas on the outside of the surface of the coil), T is is
The proposed experimental setup consisting of helical coil Average inside surface temperature of the coil can be
heat exchanger is in the Fig. 2. The copper material helical calculated by using following relationship
tubes of having inner diameter10mm and outer diameter
12.7mm are used to obtained helical coil heat exchangers of (10)
different pitch are fabricated and used in the current
investigation. The fluid used in the present experiment is
water the hot fluid is flow through helical coil inside tube and
placed concentrically inside the shell. The cold water flow e. Nusselt Number =
through the shell observing heat from the hot fluid flowing in
counter flow direction.The constant colds water (at 29 ± 2C) (11)
the constant flow rate 1.6 LPM was supplied through the shell
tube for all experimental tests consider for study.The constant (12)
Hot water (at 51 ± 1C) the varying flow rates 0.6, 0.8, 1.0,
1.2, 1.4, 1.6 LPM was supplied through the helical coil tube
for all experimental test consider for study. The flow rate f. NTU for counter flow heat exchanger
measures both fluids by using two rotameters (capacity (13)
0-5LPM).The inlet outlet temperatures of hot, coil fluid and
z z z z z

helical coil outside surface where measure by K-Type

thermocouples and where adjusted to meet furthest reaches of g. Effectiveness () =
error ±0.1 C. The test reading are taken at steady state
condition and after that for each trial was rehashed for couple
of readings to minimize the vulnerability in estimation of trial
parameters. The reproducibility where observed to be inside
±1.5% for Temperatures, ±5.6% for stream rates of test fluids.
z
…(14)
The experiments were conducted by replacing helical coil
inside the shell to vary pitch of the helical coil by keeping
constant curvature ratio. h. The stream rate of a stream is equivalent to the stream
C. Data reduction (speed) increased by the cross-sectional region of the
stream.
a. L, needed to make N turns: …(15)
=
(1) i. Reynolds Number (Re): A dimensionless number utilized
z z z

in liquid mechanics to show whether liquid stream past a

z z z z z z z z z
l = extended straight tube length both the sides=340mm
body or in a pipe is unfaltering or fierce.
z z z z z z z
b. Log mean temperature difference,
…(16)
(2)

j. The Properties (,,Pr, ki, cp) of saturated water at different

temperature using journal of Chemicals and Physics
c. The rate of heat transfer
reference [14] Data table
(3)
A-9 Appendix1.
(4)

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DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.C4149.098319 Published By:
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317 & Sciences Publication
 Experimental Research on Heat Transfer Characteristics of Helical Coil Heat Exchanger with Varying
Pitch for laminar Fluid Flow
k. The Dean number (De): A dimensionless gathering in flow rate of the hot fluid inside helical tube for varying pitch
liquid mechanics, which happens in the investigation considered for study.
of stream in bended pipes and channels.
B. Effect of Dean Number on heat transfer.
Dean number is used to characters of the flow in a
helical coil pipe.
(17)

l. To proposed correlation for finding out the new

dimensionless number M available in the literature [2], M
number is observed to be noteworthy to portray the hydrod
z z z z z z z z z

ynamics of stream in helical coil for any curl ebb and

z z z z z z z z z z

flow proportions and heat transfer variables.

z z z

(18)

Figure 5 Comparison of heat transfer rate vs. Dean

Number for different pitch
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Experimental investigation have been carried out to study Heat transfer rate of heat exchanger consisting of helical
the effect of effectiveness, Dean number, mass flow rate and coil of varying pitch 25mm, 30mm and 35mm under steady
Nusselt Number on the heat transfer in a helical coil heat state laminar flow conditions is represented in the fig. 5. It is
exchanger. The flows in both inner helical coil tube and shell observed that as Dean Number of inside hot fluid increases,
(annulus) are lamina flow and the flow configuration is heat transfer rate of heat exchanger increases for all pitches
counter flow. In this experimental study pitch is varied 25mm, consider for study. Heat transfer rate found maximum for
30mm and 35mm maintaining the same curvature ratio and helical coil of pitch 25mm and it is minimum for helical coil
mass flow rate. of pitch 35mm for fixed Dean Number of inside hot fluid.
Since Dean number directly proportional to Reynolds
A. Influence of mass flow rate of hot fluid on the Number of the fluid, as a Reynolds number increase heat
effectiveness of heat exchanger for varying pitch transfer rate between the hot and cold fluid increases. The
kinetic energy of the hot fluid particles observe more heat
Also, it is observed from results that, for helical coil of pitch
25mm an average value of heat transfer rate is found to be
6.76 % higher than the helical coil of pitch 30mm and 14.93
% higher than the helical coil of pitch 35mm under steady
state laminar flow conditions. The heat transfer rate of the
helical coil heat exchanger is increases with increase in Dean
Number of the hot fluid inside helical tube for varying pitch
considered for study.

Figure 4 Influence of mass flow rate of hot fluid on the C. Effect of overall heat transfer coefficient.
effectiveness of heat exchanger for varying pitch

Effectiveness of heat exchanger consisting of helical coil of

varying pitch 25mm, 30mm and 35mm under steady state
laminar flow conditions is represented in the fig. 4. It is
observed that as mass flow rate of inside hot fluid increases,
effectiveness of heat exchanger decreases for all pitches
consider for study. Effectiveness found maximum for helical
coil of pitch 25mm and it is minimum for helical coil of pitch Figure 6 Comparison of inside overall heat transfer
35mm for fixed mass flow rate inside hot fluid. There is a coefficient vs. Dean Number for different pitch.
increasing heat transfer rate is observed for lower helical coil
pitch this is because of increasing surface area of coil which is The overall heat transfer coefficient of heat exchanger
z z z z z z

contact between hot and cold fluid for the inside surface area consisting of helical coil of varying pitch 25mm, 30mm and
of helical coil of Pitch 25mm is 0.23276m2, coil of Pitch 30 35mm under steady state laminar flow conditions is
mm inside surface area is 0.21068 m2and coil of Pitch 35mm represented in the figer. 6. It is observed that as overall heat
z z z z

inside surface area is 0.17376 m2. For increasing helical coil transfer coefficient increases and dean number increases for
z

pitch surface area decreases leading to decreasing helical coil different varying pitch consider for study. The hot water
effectiveness. Also, it is observed from results that, for helical inside overall heat transfer coefficient directly proportional to
z z z z z z

coil of pitch 25mm an average value of effectiveness is found heat transfer rate and inversely proportional to inside surface
z z z z z z z z

to be 6.6 % higher than the helical coil of pitch 30mm area of coil, ai and Tlm. However there is increase in heat
z z z z

and13.17 % higher than the helical coil of pitch 35mm under transfer rate as coil length
steady state laminar flow conditions. The effectiveness of the increases
helical coil heat exchanger is decreases with increase in mass

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DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.C4149.098319 Published By:
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318 & Sciences Publication
 International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)
ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8 Issue-3, September 2019

but this is dominated by larger inside surface area of coil b. The heat transfer rate of the helical coil heat exchanger is
z z z z zz z z z z z

which decreases value of Ui for higher pitch. For coil 25mm increases with increasevin Dean Number of the hot fluid in
z z z z z z z z z

Pitch inside surface area is 0.23276m2, coil 30 mm Pitch side helical tube for varying pitch considered for study.
z z z

inside surface area is 0.21068 m2 and coil Pitch 35mm inside c. The overall heat transfer coefficient increases with
surface area is 0.17376 m2. Value of Tlm also increases as increasing hot water mass flow rate. It is observed from
helical pitch increases. Value of inside results that, for coil 25mm pitch an average value of Ui is
heat transfer coefficient is inversely proportional to
z z z z z z found to be 9.43 % higher than 30mm pitch and 24.1% for
the length of the coil.
z also, secondary motion becomes
z z z z z z z 35mm under steady state condition and laminar flow.
weaker for increase pitchz (which decreases value of inner
z z z z z z z d. the Nussult Number at different dean number increases for
transfer coefficient) due to decrease in centrifugal forced
z z z z z z z increasing helical coil pitch however the trend of average
acting on moving fluid element inside the coil.
z z Due to all
z z z z z zz z z heat transfer rate for increasing M Number for varying
these reasons, overall heat transfer coefficient decreases as a
z z z z z z z z pitch observed similar.
pitch increases. Also, it is observed from results that, for coil
z z z z z z z z z z e. By increasing the coil pitch of helical coil heat exchanger z z z z z

25mm pitch an average value of Ui is found to be 9.43 % decreases overallvheat transfer coefficient, heat transfer
z z z z

higher than 30mm pitch and 24.1% for 35mm under steady rate, Nussult Number and effectiveness.
z z z

state condition and laminar flow. APPENDIX

D. Effect of compare of heat transfer correlation. Nomenclature
P Pitch
kc Helical coil thermal conductivity in W/m K. z

ki Cold fluid thermal conductivity in W/m K.

z z z

ko Hot fluid thermal conductivity in W/m K.

z z

N Helical coil no. of turns

Rc Mean helical coil radius in mm
r The helical coil tube inner radius of in mm
do The helical coil tube outside diameter in mm z z

di The helical coil tube inside diameter in mm z z z

ao The helical coil tube outside surface area in m2 z z z

ai The helical coil tube inside surface area in m2 z z z

L The helical coil tube m2Overall length in mm

Q Discharge rate in m3/sec
Figure 7Comparison of Nusselt Number vs. M Number Ai The helical coil tube cross sectional area in m2
for different pitch Vi The Velocity of inside helical coil in m/sec.
De Dean number
Nusselt Number of heat exchanger consisting of helical z z
Re Reynolds Number
coil of varying pitch 25mm, 30mm and 35mm under steady Tlm LMTD or Log Mean Temperature Difference in o C
state laminar flow conditions is represented in the fig. 7. It is z z
Mass stream rate of hot fluid in kg /sec z z

observed that as M Number of inside hot fluid increases,

z z z
Mass stream rate of hot fluid in kg /sec z z z z
Nusselt Number of heat exchanger increases for all pitches cph Hot water specific heat at constant pressure in kJ/kg z z z z
consider for study. From this study it’s observed that M K
Number significantly influences the heat transfer z z
cpc Coldwater specific heat at constant pressure in z z z
enhancement. For the range of the M Number of hot fluid in kJ/kg K
the experiments lies between 186.8 to 329.1.the average Ch = capacity rate of hot fluid in kW /K
inside Nusselt Number observed minimum for pitch 35mm
and it increases as the M number increases. The same trend of Cc = capacity rate of cold fluid in kW /K
z z

results is also observed for the helical coils of pitch 25mm and C Capacity ratio
30mm. the average Nusselt Number observed maximum for Uo Outside coil tube Overall heat transfer coefficient in z z z

helical coil pitch 25mm and Dean Number 329.1.the Nussult W/m2C
Number at different dean number increases for increasing Ui Inside coil tube Overall heat transfer coefficient in z z z

helical coil pitch however the trend of average heat transfer W/m2C
rate for increasing M Number for varying pitch observed ho Outside coil tube heat transfer coefficient in
similar. W/m2C
hi Inside coil tube heat transfer coefficient in W/m2C
IV. CONCLUSION NTU Number of Transfer units
In the present research work, an experimental investigation
z z z z
M New Dimensionless Number
is carried out to study effectiveness of heat exchanger, heat
z z z
Greek letters
transfer rate, inside overall heat transfer coefficient and inside
z z z z
 Curvature ratio
average Nussult Number for Varying different Pitch of ρ Water density kg/m3
25mm, 30mm and 35mm is carried out. From the obtained μ Fluid Dynamic viscosity in N-sec/ m2
results it’s from the obtained results it’s concluded that:
a. The effectiveness of the helical coil heat exchanger is decre
z z z z z z z z z

ases with increase in mass flow rate of the hot fluid inside
z

helical tube for varying pitch considered for study.

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DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.C4149.098319 Published By:
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319 & Sciences Publication
 Experimental Research on Heat Transfer Characteristics of Helical Coil Heat Exchanger with Varying
Pitch for laminar Fluid Flow
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Mysore University. He cond ucted and organized 1 National conference , 14
helically coiled tubes with turbulent flow”, International Journal of
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Seminars , 12 Industrialvisits , SFDPs , 5 workshops , 10 part lectures , 5
Heat and Mass Transfer 7 (1964) 1207–1216.
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Orientation Programs at RRCE He is alife member of several professional
10. Y. Mori, W. Nakayama, “Study on forced convective heat transfer in
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bodies likeISTE , ISTAM , etc. He was an executive council member
curved tubes”, (3rd report, theoretical analysis under the conditions
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ofISTAM for 3 consecutive years. He has published 13 research papas.
of uniform wall temperature and practical formulae), International
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Hahas guided several UG & PGstudents for heir academic projects and
Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 10 (1967) 681–695.
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currently guiding PhD Scholars under VTU.
11. B.A. Mujawar, M. Raja Rao, “Flow of non-Newtonian fluids through
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helical coils”, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Process Design

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and Development 17 (1978) 22–27.

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Dr. Sangashetty, SC is currently working as
12. S.S. Pawar, V.K. Sunnapwar, B.A. Mujawar, “Experimental
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Professor in the Department t of Mechanical
determination of heat transfer coefficient of turbulent flow in helical
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Engineering Hestartad ha teaching career as a
coil with circular c/s and its comparison with rectangular c/s”,
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lecturer in heyear 1984 and has 34 years of teaching
Journal of Cooperation Among University, Research and Industrial
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and research experience, servingf w reputed
Enterprises 3 (2010) 13–22.
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engineering institutions in Kamataka Thas
13. R.C. Xin, M.A. Ebadian, “The effects of Prandtl numbers on local
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completed his Ph.D. in the field of Ther mal Energy
and average convective heat transfer characteristics in helical pipes”,
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at VTU Balguam during they ar 201 2ME Degrea specialiation in Thermal
Journal of Heat Transfer 119 (1997) 467–474.
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PowerE prin from GUG , gubergs . Hahap ublahad 23 research paper
14. J. V. Sengers and J. T. R. Watson, Journal of Physical and Chemical
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Sjoumal , 23 in Natio nal Conference 20 Expert lectures and industrial Vain
Reference Data 15 (1986), pp. 1291–1322. Other data are obtained
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. He has guidad 50 - LG and 5 PG for their cadanie projectoria and maidad 6
from various sources or calculated.
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PhDstudant
15. N. Jamshidi, M Farhadi, D.D.ganji, K. Sedighi “Experimental
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analysis of heat transfer enhancement in shell and helical tube heat

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exchanger’ applied thermal engineering 51 (2013) 644-652.

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16. Mahmoudi,M., Tavakoli,M.R., Mirsoleimani,M.A., Gholami,A., Z Z Z

Salimpour,M.R,2017, “Experimental and numerical investigation on

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forced convection heat transfer and pressure drop in helically coiled

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Retrieval Number C4149098319/19©BEIESP

DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.C4149.098319 Published By:
Journal Website: www.ijrte.org Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
320 & Sciences Publication