English Notes 1st Quarter

English 10 – Week 1
Week 1.1: Getting Information from Various Text Types for Everyday
Life
 Information from news reports, speeches, informative talks, panel discussions, etc. are good sources of
information that can be used in everyday life.
Important key points from the speech:
o Education is a learning experience, where an individual learns about various aspects of life,
understands the different perspectives, and tries to apply them in daily life.
o Education is important to children, to adults, and to the society.
o We learn new things in education.
Week 1.2: Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns

Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns
Reflexive Pronouns
o Used in a sentence to refer back to the subject.

o They can’t be removed from the sentence because it will affect the meaning.
Intensive Pronouns
o Used to intensify or to add emphasis to a sentence.

o They can be removed from a sentence without affecting its meaning.
Week 2.1: Graphic Organizers
 Graphic Organizers are visual displays of key content information designed to benefit learners who have
difficulty organizing information.
o Main Idea and Details Chart shows the relationship between the main concept and the details.
o Semantic Maps are maps or webs of words
o Venn Diagram is an illustration that uses overlapping circles to show the relationship among things or
between two or more sets of items.
o K-W-L Charts are graphic organizers that help students organize information before, during, and after
a unit or lesson. K (what you know), W (what you want to know), and L (what you learned).
o A Ranking Ladder provides a visual framework to help the learner make sequential connections
between concepts.
Week 2.2: Factors and Characteristics of Public Speaking

 Public Speaking is the process of communicating information to an audience.
There are five (5) elements of public speaking:
o the source of the message (Who)

o the message itself (What)
o the audience (For Whom)
o the actual delivery method (Medium)
o the speaker's intent for the speech (Effect)
There are three (3) factors of public speaking:
 Ethos (The Ethical Appeal) - credibility and character of the speaker

o convincing your audience that you have good character and are credible.
 Pathos (The Emotional Appeal) - ability to create a connection between the speaker and the audience
o persuade by appealing to the audience's emotions.
 Logos (The Logical Appeal) - logical arrangement of words or sentences
o to appeal to logic by relying on the audience's intelligence and offering evidence in support of your
argument.
Week 3.1: Unity of plot, setting and characterization and writer’s
purpose
 The plot of a story consists of the events that occur during the story. The plot is also sometimes referred to
as the storyline.
 The setting is the time and place in which the story takes place. It can be real or fictional, or a combination
of both real and fictional elements.
 The characterization is the process through which an author reveals a character's personality.
WHAT IS THE AUTHOR’S PURPOSE?
o When we talk of the author's purpose, we refer to the why behind their writing, what motivated the
author to produce their work and their intent, and what they hope to achieve.
o The author’s purpose could persuade, to inform, and to entertain.
Week 3.2: Accessibility and effectiveness of sources of information.

 The material or information is accessible if it is easy to obtain or access, whether printed or online. The
material is effective if it provides comprehensive and sufficient information needed for research or
study, whether general or specific.
Primary Source – is a written or created document at the time of occurrence of an event or period of research.
Secondary Source – is written after an event.
Week 4.1: Direct & Indirect Signals
 Explicit/Direct information is any idea that is stated. With explicit information, you see the text
explained. There is no need to look for clues.
 Implicit/Indirect information is understood, but it is not stated. To find implicit information in what is
read, you will have to think about what you read. Look for clues as you read. Implicit information is not
written, but the idea is there.
Week 4.2: Persuasive Essay

Persuasive Essay - also known as an argumentative essay.
Basic Parts of a Persuasive Essay
o Introduction - You should present a "hook" here that grabs your audience's attention. You should also
provide your thesis statement, which is a clear statement that you will argue or attempt to convince the
reader.
o Body Paragraphs - You can have as many paragraphs as you need to make your arguments. Each body
paragraph needs to focus on one main idea and provide evidence to support it.
o Conclusion - Your conclusion is where you tie it all together. It can include an appeal to emotions, reiterate
the most compelling evidence, or expand the relevance of your initial idea to a broader context. Your
purpose is to persuade your readers to do or think something; end with a call of action.
Week 5: Modals
 Modals are special verbs in a way that, when put before the main verb, perform specific functions.
o ABILITY:
 Can, Able to, May – Express the physical or ability skill
o POSSIBILITY
 May - Is formal and is often found in writing
 Might - Is less formal than may and is more common in conversations
o OBLIGATION
 Must, Have to - Expresses a firm obligation or necessity
 Should, Ought to - Expresses a recommendation or moral obligation
o PERMISSION
 Can - Often used to ask for and give permission
 May - Is the most formal way to ask and give permission
Week 6: Elements of a Story
 PLOT
o is "what happens" in the story. The action of every story can be mapped out using a plot diagram.
Five (5) key points to the plot of every story:
 Beginning or Exposition - this is when characters and problems are introduced to the reader.
 Rising Action - this is where the problem and characters are developed through a series of actions building
to the climax.
 Climax - this is where the problem (or conflict) is resolved in one way or another. The climax is often called
the "turning point" in a story.
 Falling Action or Denouement - this is where the reader learns what happens as a result of the climax or
how the problem was solved.
 Resolution - This is where the entire plot is wrapped up, and there is a sense of closure for the reader.
 CHARACTERS
o are most often people or animals. They are the who of a story.
 CONFLICT
o For there to be a narrative, the main character, or protagonist, has to have a conflict or problem.
Conflicts involve man versus man, man versus nature, man versus self.
 SETTING
o Narratives have a time and place where the action is set.
 THEME
o Narratives have a theme or main idea/underlying meaning. The theme should be stated in a
complete sentence.
Week 7: Making Generalizations
 GENERALIZATION
o A broad statement drawn from a group of facts about a topic.
 Valid Generalization
o Supported by facts, evidence, or true statements.
o Signal words: some, most, might, sometimes, often, probably, typically, many, rarely, few.
 Invalid Generalization
o Are not supported by facts, evidence, or true statements.
o Signal words: everyone, nobody, all, none, always, never.
Week 8: Distinguishing Between Good and Bad Writing
 It is not enough to know the principles of good writing. It is also a good idea to distinguish good writing
from not-so-good writing. Distinguishing characteristics include expressiveness such as sharpness of
detail and sensory impressions, viewpoint or the writer’s attitude or opinion toward a subject, and style
or the combination of word choice and sentence and paragraph structure that contribute to the writer’s
individual voice.

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English 10 – Week 1

Important key points from the speech:

Week 1.2: Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns

o Used in a sentence to refer back to the subject.

o Used to intensify or to add emphasis to a sentence.

o Semantic Maps are maps or webs of words

Week 2.2: Factors and Characteristics of Public Speaking

o the source of the message (Who)

There are three (3) factors of public speaking:

 Ethos (The Ethical Appeal) - credibility and character of the speaker

Week 3.2: Accessibility and effectiveness of sources of information.

Secondary Source – is written after an event.

Week 4.2: Persuasive Essay

Basic Parts of a Persuasive Essay

Five (5) key points to the plot of every story:

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