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    Report - SEA84IA042 - 39836 - 8 - 10 - 2024 8 - 37 - 54 AM

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    Report - SEA84IA042 - 39836 - 8 - 10 - 2024 8 - 37 - 54 AM

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    lovro.bracevic
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    Report - SEA84IA042 - 39836 - 8 - 10 - 2024 8 - 37 - 54 AM

    Uploaded by

    lovro.bracevic

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    of 5

    Aviation Investigation Final Report

    Location: YAKIMA, Washington Incident Number: SEA84IA042

    Date & Time: January 20, 1984, 08:50 Local Registration: N25

    Aircraft: CESSNA CE500 Aircraft Damage: Minor

    Defining Event: Injuries: 3 None

    Flight Conducted Under: Public aircraft

    Analysis
    THE ACFT MADE A HARD LANDING WHILE ON A TRAINING FLT. ACCORDING TO THE
    INSTRUCTOR PLT, 'DURING THE LANDING FLARE, WE WERE DESCENDING VERY GRADUALLY
    AS THE AIRSPEED CONTINUED TO DISSIPATE.' LATE IN THE FLARE THE ANGLE OF ATTACK
    INDICATOR WAS APPROACHING THE STALL RANGE, THE ACFT STALLED AS EVIDENCED BY
    A SHARP & SUDDEN AIRFRAME BUFFET. ALMOST IMMEDIATELY THE MAIN GEAR
    CONTACTED THE RWY WITH THE ACFT IN A NOSE HIGH, WINGS LEVEL ATTITUDE. AT THE
    TIME OF THE INCIDENT, THE LEADING EDGE OF THE WINGS & TAIL STRUCTURE HAD CLEAR
    & RIME ICE ABT 1/8 IN THICK. THE TEMP WAS 24 DEG F.

    Probable Cause and Findings


    The National Transportation Safety Board determines the probable cause(s) of this incident to be:

    Findings
    Occurrence #1: HARD LANDING
    Phase of Operation: LANDING - FLARE/TOUCHDOWN

    Findings
    1. (F) WING - ICE
    2. (C) AIRSPEED - INADEQUATE - PILOT IN COMMAND
    3. (C) PROPER DESCENT RATE - NOT MAINTAINED - PILOT IN COMMAND

    Page 1 of 5
    Page 2 of 5 SEA84IA042
    Factual Information

    Pilot Information
    Certificate: Airline transport; Flight instructor Age: 37,Male
    Airplane Rating(s): Single-engine land; Multi-engine Seat Occupied: Right
    land
    Other Aircraft Rating(s): Glider Restraint Used:
    Instrument Rating(s): Airplane Second Pilot Present: Yes
    Instructor Rating(s): Airplane multi-engine; Airplane Toxicology Performed: No
    single-engine
    Medical Certification: Class 1 Valid Medical--w/ Last FAA Medical Exam: January 6, 1983
    waivers/lim
    Occupational Pilot: Yes Last Flight Review or Equivalent:
    Flight Time: 11000 hours (Total, all aircraft), 73 hours (Total, this make and model)

    Aircraft and Owner/Operator Information


    Aircraft Make: CESSNA Registration: N25
    Model/Series: CE500 CE500 Aircraft Category: Airplane
    Year of Manufacture: Amateur Built:
    Airworthiness Certificate: Transport Serial Number: 084
    Landing Gear Type: Retractable - Tricycle Seats: 8
    Date/Type of Last January 3, 1984 Annual Certified Max Gross Wt.: 11500 lbs
    Inspection:
    Time Since Last Inspection: Engines: 2 Turbo jet
    Airframe Total Time: 4897 Hrs Engine Manufacturer: P&W
    ELT: Not installed Engine Model/Series: JT15D-1
    Registered Owner: FAA Rated Power: 2200 Lbs thrust
    Operator: NORTHWEST MOUNTAIN Operating Certificate(s) None
    REGION Held:
    Operator Does Business As: Operator Designator Code:

    Page 3 of 5 SEA84IA042
    Meteorological Information and Flight Plan
    Conditions at Accident Site: Visual (VMC) Condition of Light: Day
    Observation Facility, Elevation: YKM ,1095 ft msl Distance from Accident Site: 1 Nautical Miles
    Observation Time: 08:52 Local Direction from Accident Site:
    Lowest Cloud Condition: Unknown / 2000 ft AGL Visibility 10 miles
    Lowest Ceiling: Overcast / 2000 ft AGL Visibility (RVR):
    Wind Speed/Gusts: 6 knots / Turbulence Type /
    Forecast/Actual:
    Wind Direction: 250° Turbulence Severity /
    Forecast/Actual:
    Altimeter Setting: 30 inches Hg Temperature/Dew Point: -4°C / -9°C
    Precipitation and Obscuration: No Obscuration; No Precipitation
    Departure Point: SEATTLE BFI , WA (BFI ) Type of Flight Plan Filed: IFR
    Destination: YAKIMA , WA (YKM ) Type of Clearance: IFR
    Departure Time: 08:15 Local Type of Airspace: Class D

    Airport Information
    Airport: YAKIMA YKM Runway Surface Type: Asphalt
    Airport Elevation: Runway Surface Condition: Dry
    Runway Used: 27 IFR Approach: ILS
    Runway Length/Width: 7603 ft / 150 ft VFR Approach/Landing: Touch and go

    Wreckage and Impact Information


    Crew Injuries: 3 None Aircraft Damage: Minor
    Passenger Aircraft Fire: None
    Injuries:
    Ground Injuries: N/A Aircraft Explosion: None
    Total Injuries: 3 None Latitude, 46.539161,-120.759605(est)
    Longitude:

    Page 4 of 5 SEA84IA042
    Administrative Information
    Investigator In Charge (IIC): Stripling, Wallace
    Additional Participating DONALD PAUL; SPOKANE , WA
    Persons: FLOYD W GASTON; SPOKANE , WA
    Original Publish Date:
    Last Revision Date:
    Investigation Class: Class
    Note:
    Investigation Docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=39836

    The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) is an independent federal agency charged by Congress with
    investigating every civil aviation accident in the United States and significant events in other modes of transportation—
    railroad, transit, highway, marine, pipeline, and commercial space. We determine the probable causes of the accidents
    and events we investigate, and issue safety recommendations aimed at preventing future occurrences. In addition, we
    conduct transportation safety research studies and offer information and other assistance to family members and
    survivors for each accident or event we investigate. We also serve as the appellate authority for enforcement actions
    involving aviation and mariner certificates issued by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and US Coast Guard, and
    we adjudicate appeals of civil penalty actions taken by the FAA.

    The NTSB does not assign fault or blame for an accident or incident; rather, as specified by NTSB regulation,
    “accident/incident investigations are fact-finding proceedings with no formal issues and no adverse parties … and are
    not conducted for the purpose of determining the rights or liabilities of any person” (Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations
    section 831.4). Assignment of fault or legal liability is not relevant to the NTSB’s statutory mission to improve
    transportation safety by investigating accidents and incidents and issuing safety recommendations. In addition,
    statutory language prohibits the admission into evidence or use of any part of an NTSB report related to an accident in a
    civil action for damages resulting from a matter mentioned in the report (Title 49 United States Code section 1154(b)). A
    factual report that may be admissible under 49 United States Code section 1154(b) is available here.

    Page 5 of 5 SEA84IA042

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