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Greek myth of creation

In the first there was only chaos and chaos means empty void or place a volute of
things that are not shaped nor exists endless and complex. Then appeared Erebus,
there was only light and day. gaya (mother of earth) then Erebus slept with knight
who gave birth to ether. Then night produced doom fates that end sleep. Gaya
alone gave birth to Uranus together they produced three cyclops three
hecatonheires and 12 titans however Uranus was a bad father he hated the
hecatonheires. He imprisoned them by pushing them into the hidden place
Gaya’s womb: this injured gaya and she plotted against Uranus.
Gaya and crones: together made a battle against Uranus cornes the gratis father and
castered him with this ton sickle throwing the genetials into the ocean the fate of
Uranus is not clear. He either died withdraw from the earth or exiled himself to
Italy. From his gen cells Aphrodite emerged. Crones became the next ruler he
imprisoned the Cyclops and hecatonhexires he married his sister Rhea he wrote for
many ages however gaya and Uranus both head proposed that he’d be overthrown
by his son to avoid this crones swallowed each of his children as they were born.
Rhea was angry at the threatens then when it came together give birth to her 6th
child Zeus she left to the child to be raised by nymphs to console her acts she
wrapped stone in the swaddling cloths and passed it off. Is the baby to crones who
swallowed it the children was Zeus he consulted miles on how to defeat crones she
prepared a drink to crones to make him wombed up the other children. This work
is planned in to other 5 children were wombed it up they were thankful to Zeus and
made him ruler. Zeus left them free the cyclops and Hecatoncheires. However after
this victory Zeus was not safe gaya angry that her children had been imprisoned
they give birth to a last of spring typhoons Zeus faced with this monster and he
was able to kill it.
Mythology :
Considers of the myth,legend and folktale derived from the Greek myth that the
myth means story of the world mythology is the study of myth a stories myth
articulate how characters undergoes or exact and order sequence of events. Myths
are symbolic tales of the distant past often premarital times that concern cosmos’s
and cosmology
God and goddess
Zeus : 1. father of gods
2. God of rain thunder
3. Lord of the sky
4. Married 7 times
5. The son of titan and Rhea
6. Husband of hear( wife and sister of the Zeus and head goddesses)
Hera :
1. Wife and sister of Zeus
2. Protector of married women
3. She was a so jealous goddess
Athena
1.Goddess of the city
2. Defender of the state
3. Protector of civilized life
4. Tamed of horses
5. Daughter of Zeus
The owl
Apollo
◦ God of music
◦ God of the silver bow
◦ God light
◦ Archer
◦ God of truth
Artemis
◦ Twin sister of Apollo
 ◦ Goddess of painting
◦ Protectresses of youths
◦ Moon goddess
Virgin goddess
Hestia
Athena
Artemis
Aphrodite
◦ Goddess of love and beauty
◦ Daughter of Zeus and Dionne’s
◦ Foam riser
Hermes
◦ Messenger of the god
◦ Master of thief
◦ God of commerce and the market
◦ Guider of lost souls to hadis
Ares
◦ God of war
◦ Son of Zeus and Hera
Hephaestus
◦ God of fire
◦ God ceremony
◦ He’s the ugliest lame and ugliest god
◦ His symbols are hammer on wheel and scissors
Dionysos
 ◦ God of wine
◦ His symbols are grape vine ivy
◦ Pine and panther
Aeros
◦ God of love
◦ Blindfolded
Hebe
◦ Goddess of youth
◦ Goddess cupbearer
◦ Cupbearers of the god who served ambrosia at the heaver feast
◦ The patron goddess of young bride
◦ Attendant the goddess Aphrodite
Irish
◦ Goddess of the rainbow
◦ Messenger of Olympian gods
The three graces
◦ Aglaia, 2 euphrosyne 3. Thalia
◦ Holding hand and dancing in a circle
◦ Zeus’ daughters
9Muses
◦ Calliope : music of epic poetry
◦ Clio : muse of history
◦ Erato : muse of love poetry
◦ Euterpe : muse of music and lyrical poetry
◦ Melpomene : muse of tragedy
 ◦ Polyhymnia : muse of scared poetry and hymns
◦ Terpsichore : muse of dance and choral dance
◦ Thalia : muse of comedy and pastoral poetry
◦ Urania : muse of astronomy
Final

The flower myths

1. Narcissus: Narcissus was a beautiful youth who fell in love with his own
reflection in a pool of water. Unable to leave the beauty of his reflection, he
eventually died there. In some versions, the gods turned him into the Narcissus
flower, which can often be found growing near water.
2. Hyacinth: Hyacinth was a young Spartan prince and lover of the god Apollo. He
was accidentally killed by a discus thrown by Apollo. From his blood, Apollo
caused the Hyacinth flower to grow, bearing his name.
3. Adonis and the Anemone: Adonis, a handsome youth loved by Aphrodite, was
killed by a wild boar during a hunt. Where his blood fell, the anemone flower
sprang up. This flower is often associated with his death and the grief of
Aphrodite.

The tale of lovers

1. Pyramus and Thisbe:
Pyramus and Thisbe were two lovers in Babylon whose parents forbade their
union. They communicated through a crack in the wall between their houses and
decided to meet under a mulberry tree. A series of tragic misunderstandings led to
both of them committing suicide, believing the other to be dead. Their blood
stained the white mulberries, turning them deep red.
2. Orpheus and Eurydice:
Orpheus, a gifted musician, fell in love with Eurydice. Shortly after their wedding,
Eurydice died from a snake bite. Devastated, Orpheus journeyed to the Underworld
and played his lyre for Hades and Persephone, who allowed him to take Eurydice
back on the condition that he would not look back at her until they reached the
surface. Orpheus doubted and looked back too soon, losing Eurydice forever.
3. Pygmalion and Galatea:
Pygmalion, a sculptor, created a beautiful ivory statue of a woman and named her
Galatea. He fell deeply in love with his creation, wishing she were alive. The
goddess Aphrodite, moved by his devotion, brought Galatea to life. Pygmalion and
Galatea married and lived happily together.
4. Daphne:
Daphne was a nymph who caught the eye of Apollo, the god of music and poetry.
Desperate to escape his advances, Daphne prayed to her father, the river god
Peneus, who transformed her into a laurel tree. Apollo, heartbroken, honored her
by adopting the laurel as his sacred tree, wearing its leaves as a crown.
5. Endymion:
Endymion was a handsome shepherd or astronomer who caught the eye of Selene,
the moon goddess. She fell in love with him and asked Zeus to grant him eternal
sleep so that he would remain youthful forever. Selene visited Endymion every
night as he lay in his enchanted sleep on Mount Latmos, watching over him
lovingly.

The heroes

1. Perseus:
Perseus is best known for slaying the Gorgon Medusa, whose gaze could turn
people to stone. With the help of gifts from the gods—Hermes’ winged sandals,
Hades’ helm of invisibility, and Athena’s mirrored shield—Perseus decapitated
Medusa. He later rescued Andromeda from a sea monster and married her. Perseus
also founded the city of Mycenae and is considered one of the greatest Greek
heroes.
2. Theseus:
Theseus is famed for defeating the Minotaur, a half-man, half-bull creature, in the
labyrinth on Crete. With the help of Ariadne, who gave him a ball of thread to find
his way out, he successfully navigated the labyrinth and killed the Minotaur.
Theseus also unified the region of Attica under Athens and became its king. His
other exploits include adventures with the Amazons and the journey to the
underworld.
3. Hercules (Heracles):
Hercules, the son of Zeus and the mortal Alcmene, is renowned for his incredible
strength and for completing the Twelve Labors, a series of seemingly impossible
tasks assigned to him as penance for killing his family in a fit of madness caused
by Hera. These labors included slaying the Nemean Lion, capturing the Golden
Hind, and retrieving the Apples of the Hesperides. Hercules’ feats made him the
greatest of all Greek heroes, and he was ultimately deified.
4. Bellerophon:
Bellerophon is best known for taming the winged horse Pegasus and defeating the
Chimera, a fire-breathing monster with the heads of a lion, goat, and snake. He
also completed several other dangerous tasks, including battling the Amazons and
the Solymi tribe. Bellerophon’s success led to hubris, and he attempted to fly
Pegasus to Mount Olympus. The gods punished him, and he fell back to Earth,
living out his days in misery and blindness.
1. OtusandEphialtes Ambitions and Hubris:
Otus and Ephialtes were known for their incredible size and strength, growing at
an extraordinary rate. By the age of nine, they were said to be over nine feet tall
and had a remarkable sense of pride and ambition, which led them to challenge the
Olympian gods.
They planned to storm Mount Olympus and overthrow the gods. According to
some versions, they attempted to stack mountains on top of each other to reach the
heavens. Their audacity represented their hubris, a common theme in Greek
mythology where excessive pride leads to a downfall.

Kidnapping Hera and Artemis:

In their ambitious plans, Otus desired to take Hera, the queen of the gods, as his
wife, while Ephialtes wanted to marry Artemis, the goddess of the hunt. They
kidnapped Ares, the god of war, and imprisoned him in a bronze jar for thirteen
months, demonstrating their power over even the mightiest gods.
Downfall and Punishment:
Their plan to capture Artemis led to their demise. Artemis, using her wiles, tricked
them. She transformed into a deer and leaped between the twins as they were
hunting. In their eagerness to hit the deer, they threw their spears and ended up
killing each other. This act demonstrated how their own strength and ambition led
to their mutual destruction.
Significance:
The story of Otus and Ephialtes highlights the dangers of hubris and the ultimate
supremacy of the gods. Despite their immense power, the twins were outwitted and
met a tragic end, reinforcing the idea that the gods’ intelligence and cunning could
overcome brute strength.
6. Daedalus:
Daedalus was a master craftsman and inventor. He is most famous for creating the
Labyrinth on Crete, which housed the Minotaur. He also constructed wings made
of feathers and wax for himself and his son Icarus to escape King Minos’
imprisonment. Despite his warnings, Icarus flew too close to the sun, melting the
wax, and fell to his death. Daedalus continued his life as an inventor, contributing
significantly to mythological tales with his ingenuity and craftsmanship.

The Trojan war

1. The Golden Apple and the Judgment of Paris
The Wedding of Peleus and Thetis: At the wedding of the mortal Peleus and the
sea nymph Thetis, Eris, the goddess of discord, was not invited. In retaliation, she
threw a golden apple inscribed “To the fairest” among the guests.
Judgment of Paris: The goddesses Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite all claimed the
apple. They asked Paris, a prince of Troy, to decide. Each offered him a bribe:
Hera promised power, Athena promised wisdom and victory in battle, and
Aphrodite promised the most beautiful woman in the world. Paris chose Aphrodite,
who promised him Helen, the wife of the Greek king Menelaus.
2. The Abduction of Helen
Paris in Sparta: Paris visited Sparta and, with Aphrodite’s help, seduced or
abducted Helen. He took her back to Troy, sparking outrage and leading to the
Greek coalition against Troy.
3. The Greek Coalition and the Start of the War
Assembling the Greek Forces: Menelaus and his brother Agamemnon rallied the
Greek kings and heroes, including Achilles, Odysseus, and Ajax, to sail to Troy
and retrieve Helen.
Sailing to Troy: The Greek fleet, led by Agamemnon, set sail for Troy, marking
the beginning of the war.
4. The Siege of Troy
Nine-Year Siege: The Greeks laid siege to Troy for nine years. During this time,
many battles occurred, and various heroes on both sides displayed bravery and
prowess.
Key Events: Notable incidents include the quarrel between Achilles and
Agamemnon, the death of Achilles’ friend Patroclus, and Achilles’ subsequent
slaying of Hector, the Trojan prince and greatest warrior.
5. The Trojan Horse and the Fall of Troy
The Trojan Horse: The Greeks, led by Odysseus’ cunning, built a giant wooden
horse and hid select warriors inside. The Greeks pretended to retreat, leaving the
horse as a supposed offering to Athena.
Fall of Troy: The Trojans brought the horse inside their city walls. At night, the
Greek warriors emerged, opened the gates for the rest of the Greek army, and
sacked the city. Troy fell, ending the war.
6. Aftermath and the Return Home
Fate of the Trojans: Troy was destroyed, many of its inhabitants killed or
enslaved. Notable survivors included Aeneas, who, according to later legends,
went on to found Rome.
 Return of the Greek Heroes: The return journeys of the Greek heroes varied.
Menelaus eventually reunited with Helen, while Odysseus faced a prolonged and
arduous journey home, as recounted in the “Odyssey.”
7. Legacy

Cultural Impact: The Trojan War had a profound impact on Greek culture and
literature, inspiring countless works of art, drama, and epic poetry.
Historical Basis: While the war’s mythological elements are fictional, there may
be a historical basis for a conflict between the Mycenaean Greeks and the city of
Troy around the late Bronze Age.

Certainly! Here is the corrected and translated version of your text about the Iliad:

The Iliad

Subject and Main Themes

1. Trojan War The war between the Greeks (Achaeans) and the Trojans (Ilios).
- The cause of the war: Paris of Troy abducts Helen, the queen of Sparta.

2. The Wrath of Achilles: The central theme, especially focused on Achilles' rage
after the death of his friend Patroclus.

3. The Role of the Gods: The intervention of gods like Zeus, Hera, Athena, Apollo,
and others in the war.

4. Honor and Glory: The pursuit of honor and glory, particularly Achilles' efforts to
regain his honor by fighting Hector.
- Main Characters -

1. Achilles: The greatest warrior of the Greeks, son of the goddess Thetis and the
mortal Peleus.

2. Hector: The greatest warrior of the Trojans, son of King Priam. Killed in combat
by Achilles.

3. Agamemnon: The commander of the Greek forces. He dishonors Achilles by

taking Briseis, leading to Achilles' withdrawal from battle.

4. Priam: The King of Troy, who bravely goes to Achilles to ask for the body of his
son Hector.

5. Helen: The queen of Sparta whose abduction by Paris leads to the Trojan War.

6. Paris: A prince of Troy whose actions lead to the start of the war by abducting
Helen.

Important Events

1. Agamemnon Takes Briseis from Achilles: Achilles withdraws from the battle as
a result.

2. Death of Patroclus: Achilles' closest friend, Patroclus, is killed by Hector,

prompting Achilles to return to battle.
3. Achilles' Return and Hector's Death: Driven by vengeance for Patroclus,
Achilles kills Hector.

4. Priam Requests Hector's Body from Achilles: King Priam courageously asks
Achilles to return his son's body for proper burial.

Certainly! Here is the corrected and translated version of your text about the
Odyssey:

The Odyssey

Subjects and Main Themes

1. The Hero's Journey: Odysseus's ten-year journey home after the Trojan War.
2. Cleverness and Cunning: The importance of intelligence and strategy in
overcoming obstacles.
3. Loyalty and Family: Penelope and Telemachus's patience and faithfulness as
they await Odysseus's return.
4. The Intervention of the Gods: Athena, Poseidon, and Zeus play significant roles.
Athena consistently aids Odysseus, while Poseidon hinders his journey.

Main Characters

1. Odysseus: The king of Ithaca and the hero of the story.

2. Penelope: Odysseus's faithful wife.
3. Telemachus: Odysseus's son, who goes on a journey to find his father and
matures in the process.
4. Athena: The goddess of wisdom and war, who helps Odysseus.
5. Poseidon: The god of the sea, who makes Odysseus's journey difficult after
Odysseus blinds his son, Polyphemus.

Important Events

1. Telemachus's Journey: In the first four books, Telemachus travels to Pylos and
Sparta in search of his father.
2. Calypso's Island: Odysseus is held on the island of Ogygia by the nymph
Calypso for seven years. He is released with the intervention of the gods.
3. Polyphemus: Odysseus blinds the Cyclops Polyphemus, incurring Poseidon's
wrath.
4. Aeolus's Bag of Winds: Aeolus gives Odysseus a bag containing all the winds,
but his crew accidentally releases them, blowing them off course.
5. The Sirens, Scylla, and Charybdis: Odysseus escapes the deadly song of the
Sirens and navigates between the monster Scylla and the whirlpool Charybdis.
6. Circe: Odysseus's men are turned into pigs by the enchantress Circe. They stay
on her island for a year.
7. Journey to Hades: Odysseus travels to the Underworld to seek advice from the
prophet Tiresias about his journey home.
8. Return to Ithaca: Odysseus returns to Ithaca in disguise and, with the help of the
loyal swineherd Eumaeus and his son Telemachus, defeats the suitors vying for
Penelope's hand and reclaims his throne.