9 Wood Defects Module

Worksheet No.
: _________
NAME: _____________________________________________________ YEAR & SECTION: _____________________

Wood Defects in Furniture Making Quiz
Multiple Choice:
1. What is the term for any irregularity in  D) Twisted Grain
wood that reduces its strength and 8. Which type of defect is indicated by a
durability? curvature formed in the direction of the
 A) Abnormality length of timber?
 B) Defect  A) Bow
 C) Irregularity  B) Cup
 D) Imperfection  C) Check
2. Which of the following is an example of an  D) Twist
internal defect in timber? 9. What is the term for the discoloration of
 A) Knots wood caused by certain types of fungi?
 B) Cups Shakes  A) Blue Stain
 C) Wind Cracks  B) Brown Rot
 D) Blue Stain  C) White Rot
3. Which type of knot is cut more or less at  D) Heart Rot
right angles to its long axis? 10. Which of the following is not a defect
 A) Round Knot caused by insects?
 B) Oval Knot  A) Chip Mark
 C) Splay Knot  B) Wormhole
 D) Spike Knot  C) Torn Grain
4. What is the size range for a "Medium  D) Wane
Knot"? True/False:
 A) More than 40mm 11. True or False: A "Live Knot" is a knot
 B) More than 20mm but not more whose fibers are not intergrown with
than 40mm those of the surrounding wood.
 C) More than 6.5mm but not more  A) True
than 20mm  B) False
 D) Not more than 6.5mm 12. True or False: Ring Shakes are caused by
5. Which type of shake follows the line of the uncontrolled seasoning.
growth ring?  A) True
 A) Star Shake  B) False
 B) Heart Shake 13. True or False: "Honeycombing" in timber
 C) Cup Shake is caused by stress developed during
 D) Ring Shake drying.
6. What is the cause of "Resin Pockets" in  A) True
timber?  B) False
 A) Insects 14. True or False: "Diagonal Grain" is formed
 B) Fungi due to the improper sawing of timber.
 C) Natural Forces  A) True
 D) Seasoning  B) False
7. What term describes the peculiar curved 15. True or False: "Pitch" in timber refers to
swelling found in the body of a tree caused an accumulation of resinous material
by improper branch removal? below the surface.
 A) Rind Galls  A) True
 B) Upsets  B) False
 C) Burls
***Please submit your worksheet every after class to Ma’am Nhatz

Fill in the Blank:
16. ______________ are the bases of branches or limbs which are broken or cut off from the tree.
17. _______________ are caused by the rupture of tissues resulting in partial or complete separation
of the fibers along the grain.
18. "Resin pockets do not affect the overall strength of the timber, but they can be problematic
when ______________ the timber surface."
19. "______________ is due to the unequal drying of the exterior and interior surfaces of timber."
20. "______________ is an accumulation of resinous material on the surface or in pockets below the
surface of wood."
Matching:
Match the following defects with their descriptions.
 A) Heart Shake
 B) Wet Rot
 C) Twisted Grain
 D) Sap Stain
 E) Diagonal Grain
________25. This occurs where several shakes radiate from the center region.
________26. Defect caused when a piece of timber has spirally distorted along its length.
________27. A crack which separates fibers of wood, not extending from one end to the other.
________28. Fungi cause chemical decomposition of wood, converting it into greyish brown
powder.
________29. Discoloration of wood, not affecting the strength properties of timber.
Short Answer:
26. Explain how "Knots" in timber are formed and their impact on wood strength.
27. Describe the difference between "Heart Rot" and "Dry Rot" in timber.
28. What are some common methods of wood preservation mentioned in the text?
29. How do "Checks," "Splits," and "Shakes" affect the properties of wood?
30. What is the main factor responsible for the decay of timber according to the text?
***Please submit your worksheet every after class to Ma’am Nhatz

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Worksheet No.

NAME: _________________________________ YEAR & SECTION: _

***Please submit your worksheet every after class to Ma’am Nhatz

***Please submit your worksheet every after class to Ma’am Nhatz

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