A THESIS

AN ANALYSIS ON STUDENTS’ TRANSLATION IN TRANSLATION

TEXT ANALYSIS SUBJECT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

Wahyuni Rismawati

Wahyuni Rismawati
Student Number: 2014083013

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

GRADUATE EDUCATION PROGRAM
UNIVERSITY OF SARJANAWIYATA TAMANSISWA
YOGYAKARTA
2016

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 A THESIS

AN ANALYSIS ON STUDENTS’ TRANSLATION IN TRANSLATION

TEXT ANALYSIS SUBJECT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Attainment of

a Magister Pendidikan Degree in English Education

Wahyuni Rismawati
Student Number: 2014083013

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

GRADUATE EDUCATION PROGRAM
UNIVERSITY OF SARJANAWIYATA TAMANSISWA
YOGYAKARTA
2016

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 APPROVAL

AN ANALYSIS ON STUDENTS’ TRANSLATION IN TRANSLATION

TEXT ANALYSIS SUBJECT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

Wahyuni Rismawati
Student Number: 2014083013

Written as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

to Obtain the Magister Pendidikan Degree
in English Education

Approved by:

Consultant I Consultant II

Dr. Imam Ghozali, M.Sc. Yuyun Yulia, M.Pd.,Ph.D.

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 RATIFICATION

AN ANALYSIS ON STUDENTS’ TRANSLATION IN TRANSLATION

TEXT ANALYSIS SUBJECT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

Wahyuni Rismawati
Student Number: 2014083013

Accepted by the Board of Examiners

The English Department Graduate Program
University of Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa
on December, 2016

Board of Examiners

1. Chair Person : Dr. Rr. Hasti Robiasih, M.Pd. ………………….

2. Secretary : Dra. Nanik Supriani, M.Pd.,Ph.D. ………………….

3. First Examiner : Dr. Imam Ghozali, M.Sc. ………………….

4. Second Examiner : Yuyun Yulia, M.Pd.,Ph.D. ………………….

Yogyakarta, December 2016

The Director of Graduate Program
University of Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa
Yogyakarta
2016

Prof. Dr. Supriyoko, M.Pd.

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 ABSTRACT

Wahyuni Rismawati. 2014083013. An Analysis on Students’ Translation in

Translation Text Analysis Subject of English Education Department. A thesis.
Graduate Program of English Education. Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa University.
Yogyakarta. 2016

The objectives of the research are to: (1) describe the problems of
students’ translation in translating text from English into Indonesian, (2) describe
the accuracy of students’ translation in Source Text (ST), and (3) find out the most
frequently problems of students’ translation in translating English text into
Indonesian.

This research belongs to interlanguage study. The research was conducted

to sixth semester students in Translation Text Analysis Subject of English
Education Department in academic year 2015/2016. Data were collected from
students’ work sheets in MID-Term and Final Tests and backed up with interview.
Data were analyzed using Glass and Hopkins (1984) theory.

The research findings show that there are ten classifications of students’
problems in translation. Their percentages of frequency of occurrence are
presented as follows. Structure Shifts (SS) 24.01, Level Shifts (LS) 24.01, Wrong
Alternate Meaning of a Word (WAMW) 17.71, Loss of Information (LI) 12.99,
Gain of Information (GI) 8.26, Class Shifts (CS) 5.11, Wrong Terms of Address
(WTA) 3.93, Unit Shifts (US) 2.36, Wrong Assumption of the Background
Knowledge (WABK) 1.18, and Intra System Shifts (ISS) 0.39. The accuracy level
of students’ translation included between less accurate and inaccurate translation
(Nababan, 2012). Then, three most frequently committed problems Structure
Shifts (SS), Level Shifts (LS), and Wrong Alternate Meaning of a Word
(WAMW). It was caused the students used formal correspondence in translating
English into Indonesian texts in their translations (Nida and Taber’s model of
equivalence, 1982). The students lacked attention in choosing correct meaning of
the words, changing word levels in structure of the sentences which caused the
message itself inaccurately transferred into target text. The students translated the
text based on meaning from dictionary directly and they lacked of reading some
encyclopedic knowledge.

Keywords: Translation, Students’ Problems, Accuracy

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 STATEMENT OF AUTHENTICITY

The undersigned below, I hereby state that:

Name : Wahyuni Rismawati

Student Number : 2014083013

Study Program : English Education Department

University : Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa

Have written a thesis: An Analysis on Students’ Translation in Translation Text

Analysis Subject of English Education Department.

I state that the content of this thesis is true of my own work. The opinion,
summary, and people’s findings are written and explained according to scientific
etiquette.

This statement is written according to the real situation. In this case that I am
found by making a wrong statement, I willingly accept the academic sanction
from the Graduate Education Program of English Education Department of
Sarjanawityata Tamansiswa University.

Yogyakarta, December 2016

The researcher

Wahyuni Rismawati

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Praise be to Allah the Lord of the worlds, who has been giving me mercy

and blessing so that the researcher can finish this thesis entitled “An Analysis on

Students’ Translation in Translation Text Analysis Subject of English Education

Department”. Peace be upon Prophet Muhammad SAW and his companions who

had struggled to preach Islam to the World.

This thesis would not be completed without others’ help. The researcher

would like to express her deepest gratitude, respect, and appreciation to the

following persons:

1. Drs. H. Pardimin, M.Pd.,Ph.D., as the Rector of Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa

University Yogyakarta.

2. Prof. Dr. Supriyoko, M.Pd., as the Director of Graduate Education Program at

Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa University Yogyakarta.

3. Dr. Imam Ghozali, M.Sc., as the first consultant for his time, guidance,

motivation, advice, ideas, inspiration, and patience during writing this thesis.

4. Yuyun Yulia, M.Pd.,Ph.D., as the head of Graduate Education Program of

English Education Department at Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa University

Yogyakarta and as the second consultant for her time, guidance, motivation,

advice, ideas, inspiration, and patience during correcting this thesis.

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5. All the lecturers and staffs of English Graduate Program at Sarjanawiyata

Tamansiswa University Yogyakarta for valuable knowledge and guidance

during the years of my study.

6. Dr. Rr. Hasti Robiasih, M.Pd., as the head of English Education Department

at Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa University Yogyakarta who had permitted to do

the research.

7. Dr. Eko Setyo Humanika, M.Hum., as a lecturer in Translation Text Analysis

Subject of English Education Department at Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa

University Yogyakarta 2015/2016 who had given all of information which is

needed for the research.

8. All my friends in Graduate Education Program of English Education

Department. Thank you for your help, support, sharing, and all unforgettable

memories who had shared together.

The researcher hopes that this thesis will give some contributions to the

development of English teaching and learning especially for translation subject.

Yogyakarta, December 2016

The researcher

Wahyuni Rismawati

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 DEDICATION

This thesis is especially dedicated to:

 My beloved father and mother; Mr. Samsun and

Mrs. Maimunah. Thanks for your prayers in every

prostration and your breath, for your encouraging

me from the start I was little until I have my Master

degree.

 My lovely cute sister; Septhia Wahyu Lestari. Thanks

a lot for all your support and praying.

 My honey; Hasbi Hasbullah. Thanks a lot for your

praying, support, caring and loving who gives to me.

You always make me smile in every situation.

 My friend; Anita. Thanks for your helped and your

advice.

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 MOTTO

“Never give up!! Nothing impossible, if you

really do it with sincere and earnest, the result

never betray process”

@YR

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER ............................................................................................. i
TITLE PAGE .................................................................................... ii
APPROVAL...................................................................................... iii
RATIFICATION ............................................................................... iv
ABSTRACT ...................................................................................... v
STATEMENT OF AUTHENTICITY .............................................. vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .............................................................. vii
DEDICATION .................................................................................. ix
MOTTO ............................................................................................ x
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................. xi
LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................ xiv
LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................... xv
LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................... xvi
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................... xvii

CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study..................................................... 1
B. Problem Identification ......................................................... 3
C. Problem Limitation ............................................................. 4
D. Problem Statement .............................................................. 5
E. Objective ............................................................................. 5
F. Research Significance ......................................................... 5

CHAPTER II. LITERATURE REVIEW AND

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A. Literature Review ................................................................ 7
1. Second Language Acquisition ..................................... 7
2. Translation ................................................................... 8
3. Translation Problem ..................................................... 9
4. Reading of the English Text......................................... 10
a. Miscue .................................................................. 11
b. Wrong Assumption of the Background
Knowledge (WABK) ............................................ 12
5. English Lexical Meaning ............................................. 13
a. Propositional Meaning .......................................... 13
1) Wrong Alternate Meaning of a Word
(WAMW) ....................................................... 14
2) Wrong Part of Speech .................................... 15
b. Translating Expressive Meaning........................... 16
1) Wrong Idiomatic Expressions ........................ 16
2) Wrong Terms of Address (WTA) .................. 17

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 6. Translation Shifts ......................................................... 19
a. Level Shifts (LS) .................................................. 20
b. Category Shifts ..................................................... 21
1) Structure Shifts (SS)...................................... 21
2) Class Shifts (CS) ........................................... 22
3) Unit Shifts (US) ............................................ 22
4) Intra System Shifts (ISS) ............................... 23
7. Loss, Gain and Skewing of Information ..................... 24
a. Loss of Information (LI) ....................................... 25
b. Gain of Information (GI) ...................................... 26
c. Skewing of Information ........................................ 27
8. Translation Equivalence ............................................... 28
9. Components of Translation Quality Assessment
(TQA) ........................................................................... 29
a. Accuracy ............................................................... 29
b. Acceptability......................................................... 31
c. Readability ............................................................ 31
B. Review of Previous Study .................................................... 32
C. Theoretical Framework ........................................................ 35

CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHOD

A. Research Type ..................................................................... 38
B. Research Participant ............................................................ 38
C. Data and Data Source .......................................................... 39
1. Data ............................................................................... 39
2. Data Source ................................................................... 40
D. Data Collecting Technique .................................................. 40
1. Documentation ............................................................. 41
2. Interview ...................................................................... 41
E. Data Validation ................................................................... 42
F. Data Analysis Technique .................................................... 42

CHAPTER IV. FINDING AND DISCUSSION

A. Data Description................................................................. 44
B. Findings .............................................................................. 44
1. Problems of Students’ Translation in Translating
Text from English into Indonesian ............................... 45
2. Accuracy of Students’ Translation in Source Text
(ST) .............................................................................. 51
3. Most Frequently Problems of Students’ Translation ... 54
C. Discussions......................................................................... 57
1. Problems of Students’ Translation in Translating
Text from English into Indonesian ............................... 57
a. Structure Shifts (SS) of MID-Term Test ................ 58
b. Structure Shifts (SS) of Final Test ......................... 60
c. Level Shifts (LS) of MID-Term Test ..................... 62

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 d. Level Shifts (LS) of Final Test............................... 64
e. Wrong Alternate Meaning of a Word (WAMW)
of MID-Term Test .................................................. 66
f. Wrong Alternate Meaning of a Word (WAMW)
of Final Test ........................................................... 67
g. Wrong Terms of Address (WTA) of MID-Term
Test ......................................................................... 69
h. Wrong Assumption of the Background
Knowledge (WABK) of MID-Term Test .............. 70
2. Accuracy of Students’ Translation in ST ..................... 72

CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

A. Conclusions ........................................................................ 75
B. Suggestions ........................................................................ 77

REFERENCES ................................................................................ 78

APPENDICES

xiii
 LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1. Translation Accuracy Assessment Instruments ........................ 30

Table 3.1. Translation Accuracy Assessment ............................................ 43
Table 4.1. Students’ Problems in Translation MID-Term and Final
Tests ........................................................................................... 45
Table 4.2. The Accuracy of Students’ Translation of MID-Term and
Final Tests from Rater 1 and Rater 2 ........................................ 51
Table 4.3. Paragraph 2/ Sentence 2 of MID-Term Test ............................. 58
Table 4.4. Paragraph 1/ Sentence 2 of Final Test ...................................... 60
Table 4.5. Paragraph 2/ Sentence 2 of MID-Term Test ............................. 62
Table 4.6. Paragraph 1/ Sentence 2 of Final Test ...................................... 64
Table 4.7. Paragraph 2/ Sentence 1 of MID-Term Test ............................. 66
Table 4.8. Paragraph 1/ Sentence 2 of Final Test ...................................... 67
Table 4.9. Paragraph 1/ Sentence 2 of MID-Term Test ............................. 69
Table 4.10. Paragraph 2/ Sentence 1 of MID-Term Test ............................. 70

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 2.1. Framework ............................................................................. 35

Diagram 4.1. The Percentage of Students’ Problems in Translation
MID-Term and Final Tests .................................................... 47
Diagram 4.2. The Overall Type’s Accuracy of Translation English
into Indonesian Translation of MID-Term and Final
Tests from Rater 1 and Rater 2 .............................................. 53

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 LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1. Participants List

Appendix 2. ST of MID–Term Test
Appendix 3. ST of Final Test
Appendix 4. ST and TT of MID–Term Test
Appendix 5. ST and TT of Final Test
Appendix 6. Interview
Appendix 7. Result STT of MID–Term Test
Appendix 8. Result STT of Final Test
Appendix 9. Data 1 of MID–Term Test
Appendix 10. Data 2 of Final Test
Appendix 11. Rater 1. Accuracy of Translation/Translation Equivalence of
MID–Term and Final Tests
Appendix 12. Rater 1. Accuracy of Translation/Translation Equivalence of
MID–Term Test
Appendix 13. Rater 1. Accuracy of Translation/Translation Equivalence of
Final Test
Appendix 14. Rater 2. Accuracy of Translation of MID–Term and Final Tests
Appendix 15. Rater 2. Accuracy of Translation of MID–Term Test
Appendix 16. Rater 2. Accuracy of Translation of Final Test

xvi
 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

1. SL : Source Language
2. TL : Target Language
3. ST : Source Text
4. TT : Target Text
5. STT : Students’ Target Text
6. P : Paragraph
7. S : Sentence
8. FC : Formal Correspondence
9. DE : Dynamic Equivalence
10. WABK : Wrong Assumption of the Background Knowledge
11. WAMW : Wrong Alternate Meaning of a Word
12. WTA : Wrong Terms of Address
13. LS : Level Shifts
14. SS : Structure Shifts
15. CS : Class Shifts
16. US : Unit Shifts
17. ISS : Intra System Shifts
18. LI : Loss of Information
19. GI : Gain of Information
20. A : Accurate
21. L : Less Accurate
22. I : Inaccurate

xvii