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    of 36

    South Africa (1893–1914)

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    Struggle for Indian independence (1915–1947)
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    Death
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    Mahatma Gandhi
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    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia


    "Gandhi" redirects here. For other uses, see Gandhi (disambiguation).
    Mahātmā
    Gandhi

    Gandhi in 1931
    Born Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

    2 October 1869
    Porbandar, Kathiawar Agency, British India
    Died 30 January 1948 (aged 78)
    New Delhi, Dominion of India
    Assassination (gunshot wounds)
    Cause of death
    Monuments Raj Ghat
    Gandhi Smriti
    Other namesBāpū (father), Rāṣṭrapitā (the Father of the Nation)
    CitizenshipBritish Empire (until 1947)
    Dominion of India (from 1947)
    Alma mater Samaldas Arts College[a]
    University College London[b]
    Inns of Court School of Law
    OccupationsLawyer
    anti-colonialist
    political ethicist
    1893–1948
    Years active
    Era British Raj
    Known forLeadership of the campaign for India's independence from British rule
    Nonviolent resistance
    Indian National Congress (1920–1934)
    Political party
    Spouse Kasturba Gandhi
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1883; died 1944)​
    Children Harilal
    Manilal
    Ramdas
    Children

    Devdas
    Parents Karamchand Gandhi (father)
    Putlibai Gandhi (mother)
    Relatives Family of Mahatma Gandhi

    President of the Indian National Congress

    In office
    December 1924 – April 1925

    Preceded Abul
    by Kalam Azad
    SucceededSarojini
    by Naidu

    Mahatma Gandhi's voice

    Duration: 6 minutes and 5 seconds.6:05

    Mahatma Gandhi's spiritual message to the world

    Recorded October 1931

    Signature

    Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (ISO: Mōhanadāsa Karamacaṁda Gāṁdhī ;[c] 2 October 1869 – 30 Jan

    Born and raised in a Hindu family in coastal Gujarat, Gandhi trained in the law at the Inner Temple in Lond

    Assuming leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921, Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for easin

    Gandhi's vision of an independent India based on religious pluralism was challenged in the early 1940s by

    Gandhi's birthday, 2 October, is commemorated in India as Gandhi Jayanti, a national holiday, and worldw
    ;[c] 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist and political ethicist who empl

    w at the Inner Temple in London and was called to the bar in June 1891, at the age of 22. After two uncertain years i

    tionwide campaigns for easing poverty, expanding women's rights, building religious and ethnic amity, ending untouc

    llenged in the early 1940s by a Muslim nationalism which demanded a separate homeland for Muslims within British

    national holiday, and worldwide as the International Day of Nonviolence. Gandhi is considered to be the Father of th
    nd political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful campaign for India's independence fro

    2. After two uncertain years in India, where he was unable to start a successful law practice, Gandhi moved to South

    d ethnic amity, ending untouchability, and, above all, achieving swaraj or self-rule. Gandhi adopted the short dhoti w

    and for Muslims within British India. In August 1947, Britain granted independence, but the British Indian Empire was

    sidered to be the Father of the Nation in post-colonial India. During India's nationalist movement and in
    n for India's independence from British rule. He inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. The

    tice, Gandhi moved to South Africa in 1893 to represent an Indian merchant in a lawsuit. He went on to live in South

    dhi adopted the short dhoti woven with hand-spun yarn as a mark of identification with India's rural poor. He began to

    he British Indian Empire was partitioned into two dominions, a Hindu-majority India and a Muslim-majority Pakistan. A
    eedom across the world. The honorific Mahātmā (from Sanskrit 'great-souled, venerable'), first applied to him in Sou

    . He went on to live in South Africa for 21 years. There, Gandhi raised a family and first employed nonviolent resista

    ndia's rural poor. He began to live in a self-sufficient residential community, to eat simple food, and undertake long fa

    a Muslim-majority Pakistan. As many displaced Hindus, Muslims, and Sikhs made their way to their new lands, religi
    employed nonviolent resistance in a campaign for civil rights. In 1915, aged 45, he returned to India and soon set ab

    e food, and undertake long fasts as a means of both introspection and political protest. Bringing anti-colonial nationa

    way to their new lands, religious violence broke out, especially in the Punjab and Bengal. Abstaining from the officia
    rned to India and soon set about organising peasants, farmers, and urban labourers to protest against discrimination

    Bringing anti-colonial nationalism to the common Indians, Gandhi led them in challenging the British-imposed salt tax

    l. Abstaining from the official celebration of independence, Gandhi visited the affected areas, attempting to alleviate
    g the British-imposed salt tax with the 400 km (250 mi) Dandi Salt March in 1930 and in calling for the British to quit I

    areas, attempting to alleviate distress. In the months following, he undertook several hunger strikes to stop the religio
    calling for the British to quit India in 1942. He was imprisoned many times and for many years in both South Africa a

    ger strikes to stop the religious violence. The last of these was begun in Delhi on 12 January 1948, when Gandhi wa
    nuary 1948, when Gandhi was 78. The belief that Gandhi had been too resolute in his defence of both Pakistan and
    efence of both Pakistan and Indian Muslims spread among some Hindus in India. Among these was Nathuram Gods
    ng these was Nathuram Godse, a militant Hindu nationalist from Pune, western India,

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