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    Refractoriness

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    abdo.amn.51188

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    Refractoriness

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    6 views2 pages

    Refractoriness

    Uploaded by

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    Ministry of lligher Education&

    Scientific Research
    University of Technology
    Materials Engineering Department
    Subject: Refractories
    Examiner: Dr. Hussein Alaa Jaber
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    Class: 46 (Ceramics)
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    Allowed time:3 hours Final Examination (2014-201 Date: I0 1612015 )*

    Note: Answer 5 questions onlv

    Q[ Oiscuss the following: (20 marks)

    A) Thermal expansion of a ceramic material depends on bonding strength between atoms.


    B) Flexural strength of refractories depends on the specimen size.
    G) The structure of dolomite refractory becomes more stabilized by addition the serpentine
    (MgO.SiOz).
    D) Zircon mineral is more important than Baddeleyite mineral for producing Zirconia (ZrOz)
    refractory.
    E) Production rate of firebrick is increased by Grog addition to the brick mix.

    q
    A) What are the causes of spalling in silica refractory bricks? (8 marks)

    B) Cubic refractory brick heated from 30'C to 1300"C, the volume of the brick was expanded
    from all dimensions in equal amounts, and the new volume of the brick at 1300'C becomes
    65.21cm3. The volume thermal expansion coefficient (F) of the brick is ('t.48 x 1O-s /"C).
    Find:
    1) The initial length of the refractory brick.
    2) The linear thermal expansion coefficient (o) of brick at same temperature differences.
    (12 marks)

    @
    A) What is effect of the silicates amount in silica brick on its rigidity at high temperatures?
    (8 marks)
    B) Which of the materials listed below would be best suited for an application in which a part
    experiences sudden and severe thermal fluctuations while in service? Prove that in
    calculations. Assume the Poisson's ratio is (0.25) for all materials.

    1 700 200 9x10{


    2 900 150 4x10+
    3 750 150 3x10{
    (12 marks)

    Lof2
    A) What are the main advantages of Grog addition to firebrick mix during the manufacturing
    process? (6 marks)

    B) Explain in steps the precipitation method for preparing zirconia (ZrO) powder from zircon
    (ZrSiO+)? (10 marks)

    C) Fillthe following blanks: (4 marks)


    1. There are five standard classes of the fireclay brick: ,

    and

    2. Flux Factor is equal to


    o/o
    3. The chemical analysis of zircon (ZrOz.SiO2) containing not less than ZrOz

    4. The natural dolomite (CaCOs.MgCOe) refractory can be converted to


    refractory by high temperature firing.

    s
    A) State only the common causes of refractories failures; discus two of them? (10 marks)

    B) A rectangular refractory specimen has a square cross section loaded using a three-point
    bending mode. Compute the minimum possible cross section area of the specimen without
    fracture, given that the applied load is 250 N, the flexural strength is 1250 MPa, and the
    separation between load points is 30 mm.
    (10 marks)

    @ (6 marks)
    A) Define the following:
    1) Superduty Fireclay. 2) Dead-Burned Magnesia-

    (4 marks)
    B) How is silica bricks classified?
    (10 marks)
    C) Explain:
    1) Production of carborundum refractories.
    2) Properties and uses of sintered silicon carbide (SiC)'

    2of2

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