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    Chem 2

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    W. Joseph the chemist

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    Chem 2

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    Chem 2

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    P525/2

    CHEMISTRY
    Paper 2
    Jul/ Aug. 2015
    2 ½ hours

    UGANDA TEACHERS’ EDUCATION CONSULT (UTEC)

    Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education

    CHEMISTRY

    Paper 2

    2 hours 30 minutes

    INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

    Answer five questions including three questions from Section A and any two questions

    from Section B.

    Begin each question on a fresh page.

    Mathematical tables and graph papers are provided.

    Non-programmable scientific electronic calculators may be used.

    Illustrate your answers with equations where applicable.

    [C = 12, H = 1, 1 mol of a gas occupies 22.4 dm3at s.t.p.]

    SECTION A:
    Answer three questions from this section

    © UTEC 2015 External Examinations Turn Over


    1. (a) Acetone reacts with iodine in the presence of dilute sulphuric acid according to
    the equation;
    CH3COCH3(aq) + I2(aq) H+ CH3COCH2I(aq) + HI(aq)

    The reaction in first order with respect to acetone and independent of the
    concentration of iodine.
    (i) Write the term first order reaction. (02 marks)
    (ii) Write the rate equation for the reaction. (01 mark)
    (iii) Describe an experiment you can perform in the laboratory to show that
    the reaction is independent of the concentration of iodine. (06 marks)
    (b) The rate law for the reaction between A, B and C is rate = K[A]x [B]y [C]z
    where x + y + z = 4.
    The following kinetic data were obtained for the reaction;

    Experiment [A]/moldm-3 [B]/moldm-3 [C]/ moldm-3 initial rate /


    moldm-3s-1
    1 0.10 0.20 0.20 8.0 x 10-5
    2 0.10 0.05 0.20 2.0 x 10-5
    3 0.05 0.10 0.20 2.0 x 10-5
    4 0.10 0.10 0.10 n

    (i) Determine the values of x, y, z and n. (06 marks)


    (ii) How does the value of k change when the temperature of their reaction
    is increased. (01 mark)

    (c) For a first order reaction;


    C  x
    2.303 log  0  = - kt where Co is the initial concentration of the reaction
     C0 
    (Co – x) in the concentration of the reactant at time, t, k.
    (i) Show that the half – life of the reaction t 1 is given
    2

    0.693
    by t 1 = . (02 marks)
    2 K

    (ii) Calculate the time taken for the concentration of the reactant to change
    to 1 4 its initial concentration if the rate constant for the reaction is
    2.0 x 10-5 s -1. (02 marks)

    2. (a) Complete the following equations and outline a mechanism for the reaction;

    © UTEC 2015 External Examinations 2


    CH3
    (i) CH3CH C – CH3 Conc.H2SO4 (04 marks)
    CH CH3 Heat

    (ii) CH3 C≡CH + HCl (03 marks)

    (iii) (CH3)3 CCl + OH (aq) (03 marks)

    (b) Write equations to show how the following conversions can be carried out.
    Indicate reagents and conditions for the reactions.

    (i) C ≡ C – H from CH2CH2Cl (04 marks)

    (ii) CH3CH CH2 from CH3CH2CH2Br. (02 marks)


    OH OH

    (iii) CH3CH2CH2CH3 from H – C ≡ C – H (04 marks)

    3. (a) The elements sodium, silicon and chlorine belong to period 3 of the periodic
    table.
    (i) Describe the reaction of the elements with hydrogen. (06 marks)
    (ii) State the type of bond that exists in the hydrides of the elements.
    (03 marks)
    (iii) Describe the reaction of the hydrides of the elements with water.
    (06 marks)
    (b) Describe the variation in the boiling points of the hydrides of the elements
    fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. (05 marks)

    4. (a) Write the formular and name of the ore from which aluminium metal can be
    extracted. (02 marks)
    (b) Describe how aluminium is extracted from the ore in (a). Write equations for
    the reactions that take place. (12 marks)
    (c) Explain the following observations;
    (i) An aqueous solution of aluminium sulphate has a PH less than 7.
    (03 marks)
    (ii) Washing aluminium utencils with soap destroys them. (03 marks)

    © UTEC 2015 External Examinations 3


    SECTION B
    Answer two questions from this section

    5. (a) Define the following terms;


    (i) Freezing point depression (01 mark)
    (ii) Freezing point depression constant. (01 mark)
    (b) (i) With the aid of a labeled diagram, describe how the relative molecular
    mass of a substance can be determined by method of depression of
    freezing point method. (07 marks)
    (ii) Briefly explain why the method is not suitable for determination of
    molecular mass of polymers. (02 marks)
    0
    (c) The freezing point of benzene is 5.53 C. the freezing point of various
    concentrations of phosphorus in benzene at 1 atm are given below;

    Concentration / gdm-3 0 10 15 20 25 30 40
    Freezing point / 0C 0 5.12 4.91 4.70 4.50 4.29 3.88

    (i) Plot a graph of freezing point depression against concentration. (04 marks)
    (ii) Use your graph to determine the molecular formula of phosphorus in benzene.
    (05 marks)

    6. (a) Compound Q contains 52.2% carbon, 13.0% hydrogen, the rest being oxygen.
    Determine the empirical formula of Q. (03 marks)
    3 0
    (b) When vaporized, 0.1g of Q occupied 78.8cm at 157 C and 740 mmHg.
    (i) Calculate the formula mass of Q. (02 marks)
    (ii) Determine the molecular formula of Q. (02 marks)
    (iii) Write the structural formula and IUPAC names of all the possible
    isomers of Q. (02 marks)

    (c) Q reacts with sodium metal evolving a colourless gas.


    (i) Identify Q (01 mark)
    (ii) Write equations to show how Q can be converted to benzene.
    (04 marks)
    (d) Write equations and outline a mechanism for the reaction of Q with;
    (i) Hot concentrated orthophosporic acid. (04 marks)
    (ii) Sodium metal (02 marks)
    7. Explain the following observations;
    (a) When alpha particles are directed at a thin gold foil most of them pass through.

    © UTEC 2015 External Examinations 4


    (03 marks)
    (b) A mixture of water (boiling point 100 C) and benzene boiling point 800C)
    0

    boils 700C at 1 atmosphere pressure. (04 marks)


    0
    (c) The boiling point of water is 100 C. when a small amount of a non – volatile
    solute is added to water, the solution boils at a higher temperature. (03 marks)
    (d) When dilute hydrochloric acid is added to lead (III) acetate (lead (II)
    ethanoate) a white precipitate soluble in hydrochloric acid is formed.
    (04 marks)
    (e) Ice is less dense than water and floats on water. (04 marks)
    (f) When ammonia is added to copper (II) sulphate solution a blue precipitate
    soluble in excess to form a deep blue solution is formed. (02 marks)

    8. (a) Define the term relative atomic mass. (02 marks)


    (b) With the aid of labeled diagram, describe how the relative atom mass of
    sodium can be determined using a mass spectrometer. (10 marks)
    (c) The following data were obtained from a mass spectrum of element P;

    Isotope Detector current /mA


    204 0.16
    206 2.72
    207 2.50
    208 5.92

    Calculate;
    (i) The relative abundance of the different isotopes of P. (04 marks)
    (ii) The relative atomic mass of P. (02 marks)

    (d) State two advantages of using a mass spectrometer over depression of freezing
    point method for determination of relative formula masses. (02 marks)

    END

    © UTEC 2015 External Examinations 5

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