The Electrical Engineer

THE
ELECTRICAL
ENGINEER
THE OFFICIAL MAGAZINE OF THE INSTITUTE OF INTEGRATED electrical engineers of the philippines, inc.
ABOUT THE
COVER
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T H E E L E C T R I CA L E N G I N E E R E D I T O R I A L B OA R D
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF MARVIN H. CASEDA

MANAGING EDITORS VICTORIANO J. SANTOS
VITINI EDHARD IDEMNE
MARIE SANITA SILAO-FUERTES
LUIS A. JAVIER
ESTELA R. PAREDES
RAPHAEL PADUA
DOMINIC JALOCON
EDITORIAL ADVISER MARIA JOSENIA R. BAUTRO

LAYOUT ARTIST & EDITORIAL ASSISTANT ARON D. RICAFRENTE
WITH REPORTS FROM ABOITIZ

NGCP
NAPOCOR
ERC
DOE
P U B L I CAT I O N S C O M M I T T E E
CHAIRMAN MARVIN H. CASEDA

VICE CHAIRMAN LUIS A. JAVIER
MEMBERS VICTORIANO J. SANTOS
VITINI EDHARD IDEMNE
MARIE SANITA SILAO-FUERTES
DOMINIC JALOCON
ESTELA R. PAREDES
RAPHAEL PADUA
ARNEL O. CORPUZ Nuclear waste is a nuisance to the
CHAMPION/ADVISER
OVERSEER
MARIA JOSENIA R. BAUTRO
ESPERANZA A. COLLADO
environment. We need to properly dispose
2 0 2 2 I I E E B OA R D O F G OV E R N O R S of it to preserve the ecosystem. Our cover
NATIONAL PRESIDENT FELICIANO F. PADUA III
shows the effects of irresponsible disposal
VP-INTERNAL AFFAIRS LYNDON R. BAGUE of waste and the dangers that it entails due
VP-EXTERNAL AFFAIRS ALBERTO R. HERRERA JR
VP-TECHNICAL AFFAIRS RAMON Z. GATCHALIAN JR to negligence.
NATIONAL SECRETARY ESPERANZA A. COLLADO
NATIONAL TREASURER CATALINO E. RANA
NATIONAL AUDITOR ROLAND P. VASQUEZ
IMMEDIATE FORMER PRESIDENT ALLAN ANTHONY P. ALVAREZ
GOVERNOR-NORTHERN LUZON FRANCISCO P. FONTANILLA III
GOVERNOR-CENTRAL LUZON
GOVERNOR-METRO MANILA
GOVERNOR-SOUTHERN LUZON
WOODY G. ERAMA
ORVILLE JOHN M. BORREGA
ADRIAN L. REY
DISCLAIMER
GOVERNOR-BICOL ALEXIS O. OLILA
GOVERNOR-WESTERN VISAYAS NIEL P. DE GUZMAN
GOVERNOR-EASTERN/CENTRAL VISAYAS BRIAN A. PASILAN
The views and opinions expressed by the
GOVERNOR-NORTHERN MINDANAO SANDRO R. VILLAROSA contributors of The Electrical Engineer
GOVERNOR-SOUTHERN MINDANAO EDGAR L. EBUEN
GOVERNOR-WESTERN MINDANAO ALEXANDER D. KHO do not necessarily reﬂect the views of the
FOREIGN GOVERNOR-MIDDLE EAST JERENE B. TALAM editors and publishers of the magazine
or of the Institute of Integrated Electrical
I I E E N AT I O N A L S E C R E TA R I AT D E PA R T M E N T H E A D S Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (IIEE).
OIC, HEAD OF NATIONAL SECRETARIAT KRISTINE BERNADETTE J. LLAMAS IIEE and the editorial board carry no
ADMINISTRATIVE MA. ELENA U. LIONGSON
PUBLIC INFORMATION & MIS YHELLA N. MIRARAN-SANTOS responsibility for the opinions expressed
MARKETING
MEMBERSHIP
MARY ANN B. GUILLEN
ALMA C. LARCE
in the magazine.
FINANCE JENNY J. ARADA
Articles or visual materials may not be
reproduced without written consent from
2022 THEME the publisher. The publisher reserves the
LEADERSHIFT: Rising above Adversity through Passion and Commitment right to accept, edit, or refuse submitted
Leading on the Road to Recovery
materials for publication.
THE ELECTRICAL ENGINEER is published thrice a year by the Institute of Integrated
Electrical Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (IIEE), with editorial and business ofﬁce at
#41 Monte de Piedad St., Cubao, Quezon City, Philippines.
Trunklines 8477-4408 | 8477-4098 | 8477-4074 | 8477-2561 | 8477-4218
Local: 210 or 211
Website: www.iiee.org.ph; E-mail: [email protected] COVER PHOTO CONTRIBUTED FOR THE
For an e-copy, you may visit our website, www.iiee.org.ph ELECTRICAL ENGINEER
The present circulation of the magazine is 55,000 copies per issue
to members and industry stakeholders. ISSN 0115-6322
IN THIS
ISSUE
5 WANT TO BE SUSTAINABLE AND COOL?
FEATURES
10 WHY ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING?
2021
16 WHATS THE NEWS PRESIDENTIAL
AWARDS
FOR FILIPINO
20 ELECTRICAL SAFETY INDIVIDUALS &
ORGANIZATIONS
OVERSEAS
BANAAG
COVER STORY AWARDEE
22 NUCLEAR WASTE
VITAMIN D AND
30
THE AGE OF
EPIDEMICS
As of this writing,
the coronavirus
disease-19
(COVID-19) has
www.iiee.org.ph
7
been responsible
for the deaths
of more than 6
million human
lives globally, and
still counting.
27 THE 6TH PHILIPPINE WOMEN ENGINEERS' SUMMIT
28 PREETY WOMAN
35 REGIONAL CENFERENCES
report
president's
THE CITY
IN A
FOREST:
PALAWAN’S
PUERTO
PRINCESA
12 VOLUME LI 2022 Issue No. 2 3

EDITOR 'S
CONTRIBUTORS NOTE
A pleasant greeting to all the members
1 MARIA JOSENIA R. BAUTRO of the IIEE!
2 MARVIN H. CASEDA
We are back with another issue of The
3 LUIS A. JAVIER Electrical Engineer.This is our second for
the year and we hope that you share the
4 VITINI EDHARD IDEMNE information you gained to your fellow
5 MARIE SANITA SILAO-FUERTES practitioners and housemates.
6 ESTELA R. PAREDES In this issue, we featured an activity of

the IIEE Women Engineers sponsored by
7 RAPHAEL PADUA the PTC. In that event our representative
8 MICAH DYLAN CRISOLOGO claimed the first runner-up award against
representatives from the other engineering
8 ARON D. RICAFRENTE, organization-members of the PTC.
There’s also our cover story which is about

hazardous waste.The Editorial Board
took an initiative to tackle this topic with
talks about reviving the Bataan Nuclear
Power Plant again coming to surface. It is
true that Nuclear Energy can boost the
energy supply requirement of the country.
It can also lower electricity cost helping
1 consumers and end-users economically.
However, our story is not about the
4 viability of having a nuclear power plantin
the country. We looked more into the less
discussed topic which is the nuclear waste
5 and how it should be disposed of. Waste,
be it nuclear or not, always impacts the
environment and the ecological system
3 of the area.
7 2
Visit the City in a Forest through our travel
article and brush up with the benefits
8 of Vitamin D to our body in our health
section. Our My Fair Share provides
6 insights on sustainable cooling and our
9 technic alarticle discusses VFDs.
Once again, we hope that you, our

readers, will gain from reading the articles
in this issue. It is our aim to provide not
only technical knowledge, but also update
you on information of general interest
as well. If you have some comments or
suggestions on this issue or past issues,
kindly email it to us at
[email protected]
Thank you very much everyone. Happy

reading!
Editor-in-Chief
4 VOLUME LI 2022 Issue No. 2

FAIR SHARE
WANT TO BE
SUSTAINABLE
AND COOL?
CHOOSE FANS
MORE AND
AIRCON LESS
KEEP COOL AND HELP THE ENVIRONMENT
A University of Sydney led study has found using indoor

fans more often allows people to reduce their air conditioner
use without changing how hot they feel, paving a way for
reducing future energy use and greenhouse gas emissions.
We often turn to air conditioners during hot weather to

cope with the heat, but a study has found electric fans are
an effective and sustainable choice to circulate air indoors,
without sacrificing comfort
By using indoor fans, indoor temperature levels can increase

by 3 to 4 ˚C more until it became uncomfortable (the main
reason why we reach for the air conditioner during hot
weather) compared with air conditioner use alone.
An additional cost-benefit analysis in the paper on the

environmental impact found the total benefit of using fans
to reduce overall air conditioner use from a greenhouse
www.sydney.edu.au emissions perspective surpassed even the switch from
incandescent light bulbs to LEDs.
Modelling led by the University of Sydney, found that just by

slightly increasing indoor air movement by using indoor fans
can reduce electricity consumption and the associated cost
of cooling indoor spaces with air conditioners throughout a
typical Australian year by approximately 70 percent.
Despite warmer indoor conditions because of less air

conditioner use– the study found using fans still maintained
the same comfort levels as a lower indoor temperatures with
regular air conditioner use.
The findings published in The Lancet Planetary Health was
VOLUME LI 2022 Issue No. 2 5

FAIR SHARE
"Our study confirms that

low-cost solutions such as
fans have the potential
to contribute emission
reductions for meeting
the goals of the Paris
Agreement."
- Dr Arunima Malik
conducted by an international team Change emphasises the need for “To carry out this calculation
of experts from the University adoption of low-emission lifestyles, we needed to process hourly
of Sydney alongside Monash including cooling choices for temperature data for an entire
University, University of Newcastle thermal comfort,” year, for the entire continent
and Radboud University medical on a 150,000-cell raster grid.
center, based in the Netherlands. “Our study confirms that low-cost We were able to do this using
solutions such as fans have the supercomputers,” said co-senior
The work showcases how making potential to contribute emission author Professor Manfred Lenzen of
the switch to widespread indoor reductions for meeting the goals the School of Physics.
fan use can potentially reduce of the Paris Agreement,” said lead
energy demand and greenhouse author Dr Arunima Malik, Senior They found that operating fans
gas emissions. Lecturer in Sustainability at the with air speeds of 1·2 m/s with
School of Physics and Business occasional air conditioner use,
The key lies in the fundamental School. compared with air conditioners
way electric fans operate to cool alone, resulted in a 76 percent
the human body compared to air x OPTIMAL CONDITIONS FOR reduction in energy use (from 5592
conditioners. Electric fans generate SUSTAINABILITY AND COMFORT GWh to 1344 GWh) and associated
higher air speeds across the skin greenhouse gas emissions (5091
surface to achieve a higher heat The researchers compared the kilotonnes to 1208 kilotonnes).
loss despite warmer temperatures, energy use and associated
whilst air conditioners by greenhouse gas emissions by “We know that curbing greenhouse
themselves lower temperatures modelling five scenarios with gas emissions is the only way we
with little air movement. different combinations of fan and will limit future global warming,”
air conditioner use. This included says Professor Jay.
“Through their sole purpose of situations with fans operating at
lowering air temperatures, air different speed settings. “By increasing indoor air movement
conditioners feed a cycle of high with fans, you can feel the same
electricity consumption - often After logging data on the impact at a higher temperature as you will
delivered by fossil fuel power of the fans on human comfort do at a lower temperature using an
stations that in turn contribute to levels before they begin to feel air conditioning unit. This is a really
further increases in emissions,” said discomfort, the number of hours easy thing that most people can do
co-senior author Professor Ollie Jay, above the thermal comfort limit now to help reduce the prodigious
Director of the Heat and Health were calculated to determine air emissions associated with cooling
Research Incubator in the Faculty conditioner usage, and associated homes and indoor spaces in
of Medicine and Health. energy use and greenhouse gas Australia.”
emissions.
“The latest IPCC Sixth Assessment
Report on Mitigation of Climate

PRESIDENT'S DESK
x FOCUS FOR PEOPLE

Focus on membership engagement
and services, and chapter
empowerment
• Passed 31 Board Resolutions

and 10 Memorandum Orders
• Intensified Chapter Visitation
Program (Mindanao Chapters)
• Assisted members in their
application and renewals
(11,080 transactions)
• Conducted 1 free and 15 paid
webinars (75 CPD points)
• Implemented strict prohibition
on the issuance of persona non
grata
• Establishment of chapter
e-voting system

PRESIDENT DESK
x FOCUS FOR PROFESSIONALISM

x FOCUS FOR PROFESSIONALISM
Pursuit of Professional Excellence
Pursuit of Professional Excellence
• 5s+1 clean up drive
• 5s+1 clean up drive
• conducted electrical safety awareness campaign
• conducted electrical safety awareness campaign
• creation of programs for career progression and
• creation of programs for career progression andspecialization
specialization
• designation of prc-bee ra7920 visitation team
• designation of prc-bee ra7920 visitation team
• reinforcement of dispute resolution process
• reinforcement of dispute resolution process
• creation of chapter officers curriculum
• creation of chapter officers curriculum
• creation of the PEC part 3 for electrical
• creation of the pec iii for electrical maintenancemaintenance

PRESIDENT'S DESK
x FOCUS ON FINANCIAL
PROGRAMS
Financial Recovery and Sustainability
Plan 2022-2025
Periodic budget review

A utilization rate of 13.15% as of April
30, 2022 compared to 21% of the
same period last year
Energy Savings Program
75% reduction or savings for regular operations
IIEE Golden Ring
Delivered one (1) order
Optimize linkages with
industry partners
An increase of # for the Evergreen
package
Chapter E-Financial
System
Installed software to 25 chapters

PRESIDENT DESK
FEATURES
WHY ELECTICAL
ENGINEERING?
Small light bulbs illuminate each of our homes until fiber optics came
into use throughout the world. The discovery of electricity has helped
past generations to flourish. On the other Hand,generations in the
newer eras need to aim higher, hence the need for more
electrical engineers. But how does being an electrical engineer
make a difference?

PRESIDENT'S
FEATURES
DESK
B Being part of the Electrical Engineering discipline and practice requires you to have skills in
building wire-installations, rewinding transformer circuitry, electrical design and so much more.
Beyond that, you can be a pioneer of exciting discoveries yet to be uncovered and focusing
ahead, outstanding research work that can benefit millions.
All you have to do, is to become part of the engineering world. Discover electrical engineering;
Nuclear Energy Hydroelectric Aeronautics
Oil & Gas Electric Vehicles Green Revolution
and there are numerous amounts of opportunities you can unlock as you work as a professional and continue to
learn the wonders of technology through electricity.

PRESIDENT DESK
TRAVEL
THE CITY IN A FOREST:
Pa l a wa n ' s
Puerto
Prince sa
Two years of being cramped inside the

city limits surely takes out the excitement in
life. Now that tourism is starting to open up, a lot
of people takes time out of their busy schedules to see
the sun, the sky and the beaches.
The Philippines has a lot of it to offer. Some are well known

while there are also hidden gems waiting to be discovered.
Talking about beaches, Palawan always pops immediately into
mind. The pristine sands, immaculate beaches, not to mention the
underground river which the place is synonymous with. Simply put,
Palawan is a tourist’s paradise.
However, the place is not only for beach lovers. It caters to a

variety of travelers with its different natural and cultural wonders
and lively ecosystem. Of course, travelers need not only feed
the eyes. Foodies will also love the place for its appealing and
mouth-watering sumptuous meals.
Ever planning on taking a vacay? Try and visit

Palawan’s capital Puerto Princesa for an exotic
and fulfilling adventure on the City in a
Forest.

TRAVEL
x LOLONG! HERE I COME!
No, we are not referring to a TV

show from a TV station. But rather,
the Palawan Wildlife Rescue and
Conservation Center where the
now famous (thanks to Lolong
by the way) Philippine Crocodiles
are bred and is a sanctuary for a
number of other endemic animals. It
is not far from the city. Just around
a half hour travel using the public
transpo.
The conservation center is one of

the most visited place in Puerto
Princesa. It is managed by the
DENR and was initially used as a a-kind adventure that promotes It is quite far from the city though.
breeding ground for endangered awareness to the world of insects Nevertheless, it is a must visit
crocodile species in the Philippines and the cultural background of place for nature lovers with a knack
– the Crocodilus Porosus and the indigenous people of Palawan. for fun activities such as zipline,
Crocodilus Mindorensis. However, trampoline, and horseback riding.
the plan did not prosper, thus Imagine walking around a garden You may also take the tour of the
comes, the Wildlife Rescue and full of colorful flying insects inside of the senator’s mansion.
Nature Farm thing. (definitely not the insects you
are thinking). Wow! Definitely a x HOPYA LIKE IT @ BAKER’S HILL
Well, back to Lolong! breathtaking moment. Not one you
can experience in the Metro. By the A few minutes away from Mitra’s
Here you can learn a lot of things way, there are also live exhibits of Ranch is another charming place
(I mean a lot) about crocodiles. scorpions, green-crested lizards, where you could see different
The place provides an educational phasmid, and mantises which are landscaped gardens amidst tall
tour that makes one wonder, “Why the butterfly’s natural predators. trees. The place is not just for
did I even think of coming here?” Oooops! Just think of the young at hearts. Kids will have fun
Alas, as you progress inside the butterflies and not the predators. checking out the life-sized statues
conservation center and start to of famous cartoon characters not
learn the crocs’ way of life, your After butterfly watching, step into to mention the peacocks with their
imagination will get ticked off and the lives of the Palaw’an, one of elegant tails.
your interest and curiosity begins the many indigenous people living
to tingle. in the province for thousands of
years. Learn their traits and trades,
At the end of the hair raising but ways of hunting, survival, daily life
insightful monologue of the tour through cultural sharing. They say
guide, tourists can have a souvenir most of these natives still holds
photo carrying a baby croc (not the pure Palaw’an bloodline which
footwear) for a price of course. By in itself is a rare treat. Plus you
the way, the crocodile ‘Lolong’ was can bring home locally made
named after one of the veteran crafts and other souvenirs
hunters who led the hunt. that are hand-crafted by
them.
x BUTTERFLY TO PALAW’AN
x RELAXING AT THE
For those faint of heart but still RANCH
would like an exotic adventure
in nature, the Palawan Butterfly Sit back…relax…and take in
Ecological Garden and Tribal the view of the surroundings.
Village is the place to be. The Well, that is Mitra’s Ranch in a
place showcases the different nutshell. The lace is a privately-
varieties of Palawan Butterfly in owned property of family of the
their natural habitat. It is a one-of- late Senator Ramon Mitra.

TRAVEL
The scenery is not the only

attraction in Baker’s Hill. There are
also a lot of restaurants serving a
variety of delicacies. But the most
sought after and definitely the
box-office hit in the area is the
bakeshop which sells the delicious
hopia.
x SUNSET AT THE BAYWALK
After a day’s tour of the city, it is

best to catch the sunset at the
Puerto Princesa City Baywalk
Park. It is a long stretch of well-
paved promenade similar to serve chicken inasal as their
Manila’s Manila De Bay, Cebu’s specialty but you may also like the
Plaza Independencia or Davao’s binusog na pusit.
Magsaysay and People’s Park.
Then there is Noki Noc’s Halo Halo
Here, you can stroll leisurely, jog, after a tiring tour under the sun. Their Halo Halo could probably rank
or simply hangout and breathe in one of the best in the country. It has the finest and smoothest shaved
the cool breeze coming from the ice which in itself is tasty because it is infused with cream and sugar
Bay. A perfect place for chilling already. They also offer western and filipino foods which could give
and relaxing while waiting for the famous fastfood chains a run for their money.
perfect nightcap.
Curious about crocodile meat? Visit Kinabuchs Grill and Bar and order
their crocodile meat dishes. They serve Filipino and international
dishes. But the place is most popular for their crocodile meat dishes.
One of their bestsellers is the Crocodile Adobado – cooked with
coconut milk instead of soy sauce for that extra creamy taste.
Don’t forget the delicious hopia at Baker’s Hill. A snack you can eat
while going on the rest of the tour for the day.
x DON’T GO HOME WITHOUT IT
Yes! A must do in every travelling experience. A common activity for

Filipino travelers. Buying pasalubong.
For us Filipinos (or maybe all

x FOODIES…FOODIES… nationalities) a trip is not complete
FOODIES without pasalubong and
souvenirs to give away to
Palawan sure have lots in store friends and relatives upon
for nature and wildlife lovers. coming home. Well, MCA
But the place sure is not a Market Mall and Pasalubong
pushover when it comes to Center is the answer for you.
satisfying your taste buds.
It is a one-stop where
Here are some of the places you can buy anything and
you might want to visit to get everything that Palawan has
that palate of yours pleased. to offer. From trinkets and
island clothes to foods they
First off is Ka Inato which roughly have it here. A
means ‘inihaw natin’ or our grill. nice way to display that you have
The restaurant gives off good vibes gone and explored Palawan.
which helps make the experience
memorable and enticing. They

WHAT'S THE NEWS
From www.ngcp.ph | June 30, 2022
NGCP COMPLETES
INTEGRAL COMPONENTS
OF THE MVIP
NGCP is now significantly closer execution. Damage to submarine from slow judicial processes and
to unifying the Philippine grid after cable no.1 caused by a third-party unsupportive landowners continue
completing several components vessel also delayed construction to delay our efforts,” NGCP added.
of the Mindanao-Visayas activities, with repairs completed Through the MVIP, the Mindanao
Interconnection Project (MVIP), only in November 2021. grid will be linked to the Visayas
particularly the Santander and grid via an HVDC system with a
Dapitan Cable Terminal Stations, NGCP also successfully energized 450-MegaWatt initial capacity.
the 350kiloVolt (kV) submarine the Lala-Aurora 138kV Transmission Several other components are for
cable, and the Lala-Aurora 138kV Line on 19 February 2022 at 4:41PM completion including the Dumanjug
transmission line. for Line 2 and 4:48PM for Line 1. Bus-in to Colon-Samboan 138kV
This MVIP component, on its own, Transmission Line in December
NGCP completed the construction will improve the reliability of power 2022; Dapitan-Lala 350kV
of the Cable Terminal Stations (CTS) transmission services between Transmission Line, Kauswagan-
in Santander, Cebu and Dapitan, Lanao del Norte and provinces in Lala 230kV Transmission Line,
Zamboanga del Norte, as well as the Zamboanga Peninsula. and Kolambugan-Lala 20kV
installation of two (2) 92-km 350kV “NGCP is happy to report that Transmission Line in August 2022;
high voltage direct current (HVDC) these critical MVIP components and the Dumanjug-Santander
power cables and two (2) 92-km are now complete and ready for 350kV Transmission Line, Magdugo-
fiber optic cables. Site acceptance energization. We hoped this would Dumanjug 230kV Transmission
tests (SATs) were conducted at finish on time, but factors beyond Line, and Dumanjug-Alegria 20kV
the Dapitan and Santander CTS our control required an adjustment Transmission Line in October 2022.
to ensure the said facilities meet to our project timeline. We are NGCP is a Filipino-led, privately
NGCP’s requirements. working double-time to complete owned company in charge of
Work on the submarine cable the overhead transmission line operating, maintaining, and
component commenced in portions and advance the project developing the country’s electricity
November 2018 and was originally to its commissioning stage to transmission grid, led by majority
slated to be completed in June connect the Luzon, Visayas, and shareholders and Vice Chairman of
2021. However, restrictions on Mindanao grids,” the company said. the Board Henry Sy, Jr. and Co-Vice
entry of foreign experts, work “NGCP continues to appeal for the Chairman Robert Coyiuto, Jr. It is
suspension, and manpower support of the local and national the sole operating asset of Synergy
reduction brought about by the government to push this into Grid and Development Philippines,
COVID-19 pandemic contributed to fruition. Delays in local government Inc. ##
significant delays in the project’s permitting, and right-of-way issues

WHAT'S THE NEWS
REASONS TO DOE SIGNS MOU WITH 11

ADVERTISE PARTNER ORGANIZATIONS TO
IN THE
ELECTRICAL FURTHER JOINT COLLABORATION
ENGINEER IN RENEWABLE ENERGY
MAGAZINE DEVELOPMENT
From www.doe.gov.ph | June 24, 2022
1. Target Audience TAGUIG CITY- The Department own communities.

of Energy (DOE) signed a
The Electrical Engineer Magazine Memorandum of Understanding “This is a very diverse group.
tightly targets and uniquely (MOU) with the 11 partner Hopefully this diversity can provide
connects all areas of the electrical organizations of the Development new ways of solving common
engineers community interests
and passions.This aspect of a for Renewable Energy Applications problems—common problems to
niched (but big) club membership Mainstreaming and Market address climate change and at
means that you can tailor-fit Sustainability (DREAMS) project on the same time be able to produce
ad messages, with whatever is 15 June 2022 at the Marquis Events for our families, community, and
appropriate and efffective, to sell Place in Bonifacio Global City. country. Despite this diversity, we
your products(and/or services).
Signed during the partnership all have the same responsibility to
2. Reach "High Value event, "Working for an EmpoweRED make decisions for the betterment
Customers" Pilipinas: a BiGSHOW on Renewable of our community,” Undersecretary
Energy Development", the MOU is Fuentebella emphasized.
The Electrical Engineer Magazine part of the Department's efforts to
readers are educated, technically- accelerate renewable energy (RE) DOE-Renewable Energy
skilled, and have higher purchasing development and encourage more Management Bureau and DREAMS
power. Likewise, the Electrical
Engineer Magazine delivers to you investments in local RE projects. National Project Director Mylene
the hard-to-reach and influential It is also an integral component Capongcol expressed the DOE’s
opinion leaders in its field. of the DREAMS Project through commitment to continue supporting
its Support Facility for Renewable local efforts in developing and
3.Active Medium Energy (SF4RE). The SF4RE is a implementing local RE projects.
The Active Medium involving USD one million DREAMS facility “We are happy that we have
process of reading ensures that assists local partners in strengthened our commitment in
focus on and understanding implementing RE endeavors in the pursuing RE development in our
of your company's brand Philippines. country, especially in areas that
message. Reading requires total need sustainable, reliable, and
concentration, leading to a better
recall of your ad messages. SF4RE is designed to encourage adequate supply of electricity with
local RE investments by the use of RE,” she said.
4.Electrical Engineers accelerating the deployment
Communicates Better of renewable energy systems The Director also gave a
and enhancing local capabilities presentation on the National
its readers involvement in to innovate, create, operate, Renewable Energy Program (NREP)
advertising delivers more and maintain these systems. It 2020-2040, focusing on the critical
awareness of the brand message
than TV or Newspaper. supports RE projects that expand role of partners in attaining the
electrification in off-grid sites and NREP target of at least 35% RE
5.Tell the entire brand activities that install RE systems for share in the power generation mix
Story agriculture, health, and livelihood. by 2030 and greater than 50% by
DOE Senior Undersecretary and 2040.
Electrical Engineers allows in- DREAMS Project Supervisory
depth, detailed communication
of your brand story. Your brand Committee Chairperson Felix Ms. Floradema Eleazar, the Team
benefits are spelled out in greater William B. Fuentebella, in his Leader of the United Nations
detail, creating more ways to opening address, stated that the Development Program's (UNDP)
connect with your target. gathering provides an avenue to Climate Action Programme, also
share strategies and experiences gave a Statement of Commitment
6. Informative Medium on how local government units, on behalf of the UNDP.
Given its nice position among electric cooperatives, civil society
other local magazines, Electrical organizations, and members of the “The DREAMS SF4RE has been
Engineers significaly influence academe may each produce energy instrumental in providing access to
purchase behavior early in the and implement RE projects in their RE sources to more than 20,000
decision-making process giving its
readers ideas to buy your product,
more so than newspaper or TV.
WHAT'S THE NEWS
households. The UNDP will continue to offer its between the DOE and Department of Interior and
assistance to DOE in the area of RE development. The Local Government or the Local Government Unit
work in clean energy does not end with the completion (LGU) Energy Code. The Energy Code aims to ensure
of the DREAMS Project. Expect the UNDP to pursue the integration of RE and EE&C local policies and
further engagements with you to find ways to support projects in the development agenda of LGUs.
the government’s clean energy policy for the benefit of
the Filipino people,” Ms. Eleazar stated. Present at the event were signatories Hon.
Mohammad Khalid Raki-in Adiong, Lanao del Sur
“The various Memoranda of Undertaking were Vice Governor; Hon. Margarito C. Mission Jr., San
crafted in a way that takes to heart the principles Remigio Mayor; Hon. Bryan Dale G. Chan, Aparri
of transparency, accountability and participatory Mayor; Hon. Roberto O. Palomar, Tapaz Mayor; Hon.
decision-making,” added Atty. Fielmor Amor from the Sergio S. Tapalla, Cagayancillo Mayor; Hon. Marcel
DOE-Renewable Energy Legal Services. Pan, Goa Mayor; Mr. Benito Lugayan, KIFA President;
Mr. Junnie Vee D. Hongco, Provincial Legal Officer of
The event also featured learning sessions. The DOE- PLGU Antique; Atty. Jose Michael Edwin S. Amancio,
Energy Utilization Management Bureau presented an General Manager of ESAMELCO; Dr. Shirley C.
audio-visual presentation on the Energy Efficiency and Agrupis, MMSU President; Mr. Jeffrey Y. Tan-Endriga,
Conservation (EE&C) Act (RA 11285), highlighting the PALECO Board President; and Ms. Solene Gondrexon,
roles of local government units to ensure the success Energy Program Manager of Entrepreneur Du Monde.
of the policy. The event was also attended by the DREAMS Project
Steering Committee namely, the Philippine Electricity
Meanwhile, Ms. Lisa Go, Chief of the DOE-Investments Market Corporation (PEMC), Provincial Government of
Promotions Office, presented the Energy Virtual One- Palawan and the National Transmission Corporation
Stop Shop Act and the Joint Memorandum Circular (TransCo).
ERC AMENDS THE OPEN ACCESS
From www.erc.gov.ph
TRANSMISSION SERVICE RULES
The Energy Regulatory Commission and CEO Agnes VST Devanadera accepted by Transmission
(ERC), seeing the need to update expounded. Customers as a condition for
the existing Open Access receiving the services.
Transmission Service (OATS) Rules The significant provisions of the
promulgated in 2006, amended the 2006 OATS Rules that were The OATS Rules are grounded
same to consider and incorporate amended in the 2022 Edition are on the Implementing Rules and
more recent regulatory policies as follows: (1) Billing Determinant Regulation of R.A. 9136 (EPIRA),
of the Commission and address under Module F; (2) System Impact the PGC and the WESM Rules. The
concerns raised by electric power Studies (SIS) under Module B; (3) OATS Rules complement the Rules
industry stakeholders. Penalty Provisions; (4) Interruption for Setting Transmission Wheeling
and Curtailment Billing Adjustment Rate (RTWR) and the WESM
“The Commission deemed it under Clause F (AV)1; and (5) Force Manuals.
appropriate to amend the 2006 Majeure Adjustment under Clause
OATS Rules to harmonize it with F(AV)2. The OATS Rules provides that
relevant rules and guidelines the ERC may choose to initiate
that we have promulgated. The The Rules, Terms and Conditions amendments thereto for the
amended OATS Rules will also for the Provision of Open Access second and subsequent Regulatory
clarify concerns from the various Transmission Service (OATS Rules) Periods at any time. Such
transmission customers, the spells out the services provided by action may result from the ERC’s
Department of Energy (DOE), and the Transmission Network Provider assessment of the OATS Rules or
the National Grid Corporation that operates the high voltage through concerns submitted by
of the Philippines (NGCP), backbone transmission system. It Transmission Customers.
particularly on the computation of outlines the responsibilities of the
Transmission Charges. In addition, Transmission Network Provider “The Open Access Transmission
we have also set the Transmission and the functions of the System Service (OATS) Rules 2022 Edition
Charges that will be applicable Operator as specified in the seeks to ensure a more transparent
to Embedded Generators (EGs) Philippine Grid Code (PGC) and the Electricity Market, along with the
that are mandated to register with Wholesale Electricity Spot Market provision of safe, reliable, and
the Wholesale Electricity Spot (WESM) Rules. The OATS Rules efficient operation of the Power
Market (WESM),” ERC Chairperson also set out the responsibilities System,” ERC Chair Devanadera
concluded.
WHAT'S THE NEWS
NP BOARD
his role as career undersecretary at the Department of
Energy in the meantime.
DESIGNATES CHIEF Atty. Ridulme will be Napocor’s OIC until a new
LEGAL COUNSEL Appointive Director is nominated by President-elect

Ferdinand Marcos, Jr. and formally elected as President
AGAIN AS NAPOCOR and CEO by the National Power Board.
OIC PREXY AS The NP Board has given him authority to approve

and act on pressing matters that confront Napocor.
MARCOS RESIGNS This includes but is not limited to the following: sign
contracts relating to the procurement of goods and
services, approve disbursements of the corporation’s
From www.napocor.gov.ph | June 30, 2022 financial transactions, release funds and approve
payroll of employees and personnel, issue office orders,
and memoranda, and sign promotional appointments of
employees.
Meanwhile, Atty. Ridulme said that the Corporation

The National Power Board early this week has has recently finalized its inputs for the transition report
designated National Power Corporation (Napocor) being prepared by the Department of Finance for the
Acting SVP & COO and Vice President/Legal Counsel next administration.
Atty. Melchor Ridulme as Officer-in-Charge after sitting
OIC DOE Undersecretary Donato Marcos tendered his “Napocor management and our Office of the
resignation, effective immediately. Corporate Secretary are also updating documents and
presentations for the incoming Cabinet Secretaries and
Marcos who stated health issues in his notice of their alternates who will make up Napocor’s Governing
resignation said that he also wants to concentrate on Board,” Ridulme said.
COUNTDOWN TO THE
15-MILLION MARK ON CONSUMER
CONNECTIONS BEGINS
The National Electrification Administration (NEA) is During the first quarter of 2022, a total of 129,560 new
highly optimistic in reaching the 15 Millionth connection consumer connections were served representing 32%
as this is a fulfillment of the Agency’s mandated of the 400,000 targeted consumers for the year. This
mission of bringing electricity to the countryside. makes up nearly a third of the target within the first
Recent report on Consumer Connections shows that three months of this year alone.
the number of consumers served is now 14,969,035,
only 30,965 consumers less to reach another milestone With this accomplishment, the level of total consumer
in the Rural Electrification Program. connections has reached 14,969,035 or 91% of the
identified potential connections. Clustered into
“The NEA, in partnership with the Electric the major islands, 46% of the total connections
Cooperatives, will continue to bring light and hope or 6,990,614 are in Luzon, 27% or 3,969,748 are in
to the people in the countryside”, Administrator Visayas and 27% or 4,008,673 are in Mindanao. About
Emmanuel P. Juaneza said. 1,287,305 or only 9% of the total potential consumers
based on the 2015 Census of Population and Housing
NEA Information Technology and Communication remains to be served. ###
Services Department (ITCSD) will closely monitor the
status of consumer connections so as not to miss this From www.nea.gov.ph | June 10, 2022
momentous event.

WHAT'S THE NEWS
NGCP ENERGIZES 6-BN MARIVELES-

HERMOSA TRANSMISSION LINE -
NATIONAL GRID CORPORATION OF
THE PHILIPPINES
In its continued thrust to cater to
From www.ngcp.ph | May 26, 2022

the growing power needs of the
Luzon grid, NGCP completes and
successfully energizes its Mariveles-
Hermosa 500kV Transmission Line
on 30 March 2022.
The project involves the

construction of a 49.2-kilometer
transmission line connecting
Mariveles to Hermosa, Bataan, and
the construction of substations
in Alas-Asin, Mariveles and Balsik,
Hermosa. The transmission line
will expand the existing capacity
of the transmission facilities to
accommodate more than 2,500MW
of incoming generation from the
Bataan Peninsula, including the GN
Power Dinginin Coal-Fired Power
Plant and the Mariveles Power
Generation Corporation.
“NGCP’s mandate is to ensure that
all capacities are capable of being
delivered to load centers across
the Philippines. It is important that
we remain ahead of the curve by reliability and stability of the Other critical projects in NGCP’s
ensuring that lines are more than 500kV network,” said NGCP. pipeline include the Hermosa-San
capable of delivering incoming The Mariveles-Hermosa 500kV Jose 500kV Transmission Backbone
power. NGCP is dedicated to doing Transmission Line project was Project in Luzon, the Cebu-
its part in ensuring energy stability certified as an Energy Project Negros-Panay and Cebu-Bohol
and resiliency, by making sure the of National Significance by the Interconnection Projects, and the
power highways are always ready,” Department of Energy on 16 Mindanao-Visayas Interconnection
NGCP stated. January 2019, and has a cost of Project, which aims to realize power
PhP 6 Billion as applied with the sharing between the 3 main grids.
The new Hermosa (Balsik) ERC.
Substation will house 2000 NGCP is a Filipino-led, privately
MegaVolt Ampere (MVA), the “The completion of these high owned company in charge of
largest MVA capacity of any NGCP voltage facilities affirms NGCP’s operating, maintaining, and
transformer bank to date, with commitment to its mandate developing the country’s power
the capability to expand to up to of expanding the country’s grid, led by majority shareholders
4000MVA with the entry of bulk transmission system. We continue and Vice Chairman of the Board
generation in the coming years. to ask for the support of all our Henry Sy, Jr. and Co-Vice Chairman
“The capacity of the new Balsik stakeholders to fast-track the Robert Coyiuto, Jr. It is the sole
Substation will ensure that more completion of our other critical operating asset of Synergy Grid
power can be dispatched by the projects as we create a better and Development Philippines,
transmission system, and will and more resilient grid across the Inc.##
greatly improve the overall grid country,” said the company.

WHAT'S THE NEWS
FEATURES
ELECTRICAL
SAFETY
by: Micah Dylan C. Crisologo
In its lifelong advocacy, the Institute has been

persistent in the promotion of electrical safety among
electrical practitioners and the general public. With the
aim of gaining more ambassadors of electrical safety,
the Institute, through its Electrical Safety Committee,
hosted a series of activities during
Electrical Safety Month.

WHAT'S THE NEWS
i-overcome itong mga ito.

Yung safety mindset hindi lang cost ang tinitignan
natin kun’di ang ating overall safety."
Quoted from the lecture of Engr. Cesar Gatpo (VP
Business Devt, PDPEPC).
First responder’s response to victims of electrical

Led by the Metro Manila Regional Governor, Engr. injury: Remember, your safety is of the utmost
Orville John Borrega, together with the ESC, national importance. Safety first. Bago kayo sumugod
officers, chapter officers, and members, with the siguraduhin ninyo that it will be safe for you to
special participation of Voltaire and Cirkito – IIEE’s assist or attend to a victim of electrical injury.
mascots, a motorcade was conducted last May 1. Quoted from the lecture of Dr. Andrew Jay Pusung
Chapters from other regions also supported this (President, PSST).
awareness campaign.
As part of the program, reminding the participants of
Another noteworthy activity of the ESC – Credits to their responsibility as electrical practitioners, National
the winner, Engr. Noe Arca from the Southern Cavite President Engr. Feliciano Padua III, lead the Electrical
Chapter, for contributing this slogan as an entry to Safety Advocate Pledge.
the Slogan Making Contest: Kuryente ay pag-ingatan,
instalasyon ay alagaan, upang sakuna ay maiwasan, Before the end of the webinar, National Vice President
kaligtasan ay makamtan. for Technical Affairs and the ESC Overseer, Engr.
Ramon Gatchalian Jr., mentioned that electrical safety
Quoted from the speech of the ESC Chairman, Engr. involves a lot of people, it involves a lot of disciplines.
Antonio Abuel Jr., as he opens the Electrical Safety Good standards, safe wires and cables, responsible
webinar last May 14 – “So let us strive to share the design engineers, installers, contractors, and
best practices in establishing a safe electrical inspectors. “Electrical safety is really a concern for
system and be advocates on electrical safety all electrical practitioners. Safety involves not just
awareness programs to the public that we serve. property, but lives.”, he added.
Let’s do this not only during the month of May, but
all throughout the year, to reduce, and hopefully, The ESC Adviser, Engr. Justo Ma. Lopez Jr., challenged
eliminate electrical-related risks and achieve a the participants, “Make electrical safety the priority
safer community.” over value engineering. Make it a priority. Cost
cannot be equated to lives and loss of property.”
Here are some quotations from the lectures.
To recognize the efforts of the chapters, they were
"I cannot stress enough the importance of having enjoined to participate in the 2022 Best Chapter in
safe and quality products. As electrical engineer, Electrical Safety Advocacy Contest. With the vigorous
yung integrity noong ating mga ginagawa ay support of the ESC Secretary, Engr. Analyn Fernandez,
hindi lang nakadepende doon sa design ng ating the contest was concluded with an awarding ceremony
plano. Katumbas noon ay quality ng mga produkto done last June 25 during the Central Luzon Regional
na ginagamit natin. Importante na ito pong mga Conference at CSI Stadia, Pangasinan City. Satisfying
produktong ito ay hindi mag threaten o hindi most of the criteria, Metro West Chapter won the
magiging sanhi ng aksidente. It shouldn't cause contest and received eight boxes of flame retardant
damages to our properties and most importantly wires from the sponsor. As part of the contest’s
sa ating buhay, sa ating pamilya." objectives, the Metro West Chapter shall utilize these
Quoted from the lecture of Engr. Frankincense Macula wires to repair or rewire the electrical system of their
(CAB Manager, SCD – BPS – DTI). selected beneficiaries as deemed necessary.
"Kailangan regular yung installation audit. It's Let us also appreciate the unreported efforts of several
a must. And then yung periodic inspection is a electrical practitioners which in one way or another,
must. It's a must. Hindi po iyon install and forget. save lives.
Otherwise, you will have electrical fires.
… yung mindset na masyado tayong cost- As we go about our daily lives as electrical
conscious or too cost-conscious mindset (is) also practitioners, let us not forget that electrical safety
dangerous. Unsafe practice din ‘yon. And then should not be observed only in huge power plants
yung mindset na "Pwede na ‘yan!", mas mahirap nor in pieces of electrical plan blueprints but most
importantly at home.
WHAT'SSTORY
COVER THE NEWS
NUCLEAR
WASTE
Nuclear plants
produce waste—
which is a debatable
term—while
generating electricity,
but what it is exactly
and how it’s handled
are different than you
might think.
Photo Credits to www.pexels.com

WHAT'S THE NEWS
x What Is Nuclear Waste?
When most people talk about nuclear waste, they’re

referring to fuel that’s been used in a reactor once.
Technically, items like gloves, tools or machine parts

that have been exposed to radioactive material also
need to be—and are—safely stored or disposed of,
but most references to nuclear waste are about used
nuclear fuel.
VOLUME
VOLUME LI
LI 2022
2022 Issue
Issue No.
No. 21 23
WHAT'SSTORY
COVER THE NEWS
x How Is Nuclear Waste Stored?
After nuclear fuel has been in a reactor for five years, operators remove
the bundles of nuclear fuel, called fuel assemblies and begin transitioning
them for permanent storage. The fuel assemblies are then transferred to a
40-foot-deep cooling pool, where they will stay for about five years.
The temperature-regulated water serves a dual purpose: to cool the

assemblies and block all radiation from being released. Most of the
radioactive decay occurs within the first month after removal from the
reactor, with 87 percent of the original radiation decaying off. New nuclear
technology, such as small modular reactors and accident tolerant fuels, will
reduce time that these assemblies spend in the cooling pool.
After the fuel has cooled in the pool, operators remove them and place
them in a concrete-and-steel container called a dry cask. These have no
moving parts, are filled with inert gas, and are built to survive natural
disasters and all other unusual scenarios. They require little maintenance
and for every one ton of used nuclear fuel, there are 10 tons of material to
store it.
x Where Does Nuclear Waste End Up?
All of the used nuclear fuel produced from the U.S. industry is tracked and
traceable. Right now, all of the nuclear waste that a power plant generates
in its entire lifetime is stored on-site in dry casks.
A permanent disposal site for used nuclear fuel has been planned for
Yucca Mountain, Nevada, since 1987, but political issues keep it from
becoming a reality. The technology to permanently store nuclear waste is
available, we just need to deploy it.

WHAT'S
COVER
THE STORY
NEWS
x How Much Nuclear Waste Is activities or activity concentrations at levels where regulatory oversight is
There? needed to ensure safety. In Australia radioactive waste is generated in a
variety of medical, industrial, research and agricultural practices.
All of the waste that the U.S.
nuclear industry has created since All radioactive materials (or radionuclides) have a half-life (the time it
the 1950s takes up relatively little takes for half of the radioactive atoms to decay). This means that the
space, and it’s all safely contained. radioactivity of all radioactive waste gets lower over time. For this reason
The energy density of nuclear fuel not all types of radioactive waste should be managed in the same way.
means that nuclear plants produce For example, radionuclides with a short half-life can be stored until they
immense amounts of energy with are safe to dispose of as normal waste. Longer lived radionuclides (like
little byproduct. In fact, the entire uranium) will remain radioactive for millions of years.
amount of waste created in the
United States would fill one football
field, 10 yards deep. By comparison,
a single coal plant generates as x Waste classification
much waste by volume in one hour
as nuclear power has during its The Australian classification scheme for disposal of radioactive waste
entire history. is based on the safety of disposal pathways, taking into account the
radioactivity level and the time it will take for the radioactivity to decay
Here’s another way to think about (half-life). Radioactive waste classification within Australia currently
it. Imagine you are holding a hockey includes:
puck. In that puck is everything you
need to power your home, feed
you, transport you, power your Contains very low levels of radioactivity
vacations, produce your clothing where safety measures are not required.
and provide heat for your entire life. Exempt Waste (EW)
It also contains all the byproducts Can be safely disposed of in the same
and waste you would generate by way as non-radioactive waste.
doing so. It may seem unbelievable, Contains very short lived radioactivity.
but that is the total amount of Very Short Lived
nuclear fuel you need to power Waste (VSLW) Can be safely stored for short time
your entire life. periods and then disposed of the same
way as non-radioactive waste.
x Bottom Line: Nuclear Plants Contains low levels of short lived
Handle Waste Well radioactivity.
Very Low Level Waste
Nuclear waste is handled in (VLLW) Can be safely disposed of in existing
compliance with the stringent industrial or commercial landfill-type
facilities with limited regulatory control.
requirements of the U.S. Nuclear
Regulatory Commission, the U.S. Contains higher levels of short lived
Department of Energy and the U.S. radioactivity and low levels of long lived
Environmental Protection Agency. Low Level Waste radioactivity.
It’s all part of being a responsible, (LLW)
Can be safely disposed of in an
clean energy source. From the time engineered near-surface (3-10 metres)
nuclear fuel leaves the reactor facility.
to when it waits in dry casks
for permanent disposal, the U.S. Contains higher levels of long lived
nuclear industry sets an impressive radioactivity
Intermediate Level
standard. Waste (ILW) Can be safely disposed of at greater
depths (up to a few hundred metres).
RADIOACTIVE WASTE
Contains levels of radioactivity high
SAFETY IN AUSTRALIA enough to generate significant amounts
of heat during the radioactive decay
x What is radioactive waste? process.
High Level Waste
(HLW) Disposal in deep, stable geological
Radioactive waste is material
formations (several hundred metres
that has no foreseeable use and below the surface) is recognised as the
contains radioactive materials with safest disposal pathway.

WHAT'SSTORY
COVER THE NEWS
Management of radioactive waste

Australia’s commitment
Australia is a Contracting Party to the Joint Convention on the Safety disposed of permanently. Most
of Spent Fuel Management and the Safety of Radioactive Waste radioactive waste in Australia is
Management. This requires Australia to establish and maintain a currently in storage at a number of
legislative and regulatory framework to govern the safety of spent fuel sites around the country. Storage
and radioactive waste management, and to protect people and the is an ‘interim’ measure before
environment against radiological hazards from these materials. suitable disposal pathways can be
developed.
Australian government legislation and policy prohibits the import of In some cases, such as very short
radioactive waste. Spent fuel from the OPAL reactor is reprocessed lived waste, temporary storage
overseas. The reprocessed material that is returned to Australia falls within allows for the radioactivity to decay
the intermediate level waste classification. High level radioactive (HLW) to a level where the material is
waste is not stored or disposed of in Australia. no longer a radiological hazard to
people and the environment.
Management practices
Disposal:
There are a range of strategies for managing radioactive waste. These
depend on a variety of factors including the level of radioactivity in Permanent disposal is considered
the waste, the half-life, physical properties (solid, liquid, gas), chemical internationally to be the safest
properties, toxicity, and economic and social factors. In Australia, current long-term management option for
management practices include: radioactive waste.
Treatment and conditioning: Disposal options vary depending

on the classification of the waste
The purpose of treatment and conditioning is to convert waste into a safer (i.e. the radiological hazard) and the
and more manageable form. properties of the waste. Options
include disposal to sewers, the
Treatment of radioactive waste may involve segregation, chemical atmosphere, landfills, and specially
adjustment, decontamination, containment, volume reduction and change engineered facilities. Any disposal
of composition. of radioactive waste must be
approved by the relevant regulator.
Conditioning may involve converting the waste into a more manageable
form or enclosing waste into containers. REFERENCES:
National Energy Institute (nei.org)
Storage: Australian Protection and Nuclear
Safety agency (arpansa.gov.au)
Radioactive waste needs to be stored safely and securely until it can be

WHAT'S THE
FEATURES
NEWS
THE 6TH PHILIPPINE WOMEN

ENGINEERS' SUMMIT
T
he 6th Philippine Women Engineers' Summit, Another highlight of the summit is the Lakambining
organized by the Philippine Technological Inhinyera 2022 participated by 9 gorgeous ladies,
Council Women Engineers Network, took selected from different accredited professional
place last August 25–27, 2022, with the organizations. Engr. Nicole Kristel Losloso of National
theme "Engineering the Future: Women Engineers and Grid Corporation, Pagbilao, Quezon and member of IIEE
Scientists Working Toward Industry, Innovation, and Northern Quezon Chapter represented the Institute of
Infrastructure." This is a hybrid event where women Integrated Electrical Engineers of the Philippines. Engr.
engineers from different accredited professional Losloso bagged the Lakambining Inhinyera 2022 First
organizations gathered together to take part on it. Runner up and the Ms. Photogenic award.
Engr. Elenor M. Reyes and Engr. Maria Lourdes V.

Balansay, represented the IIEE in this prestigious
organization for women. They joined the organization
in 2021 as trustees and spokesperson in behalf of
the IIEE. In 2022, they were chosen as PtcWEN
Press Relation Officer (PRO) and became part of the
organizing team in charge in planning of all the events
and activities.
In this summit, well-known women engineers in

their chosen field of practice both local and foreign
speakers were invited to share their knowledge,
insights and experiences with this year’s theme
in support to United Nations SDG 9 on Industry
Innovation and Infrastructure and SDG 5 on Gender
Equality. Among the summit speakers are INWES
APNN President Ir. Ariunbolor Purvee; IES Vice
President Ir. Jasmine Foo, Founding member of Women
in Scientist and Engineering (WISE) Dr. Jun Dongol
Hada, PSME President Engr. Melanie P. Banayos; GEP
President Engr. Mario Jose O. Silvino; PICE President
Engr. April Frances Agatha F. Flores; IECEP President
Dr. Mishell D. Lawas; PRB for Agricultural & Biosystems
Engineering and BAFE Director, Engr. Dr. Juana T. Tapel;
PiChE President Engr. Chamaigne Luz Jamadre; IPP of
PSSE Engr. Virginia T. Rocabo; and Senior Manager/
Head of EPC Division, Sales and Marketing Department
of FUJI-HAYA ELECTRIC CORP, Engr. Vilma Claret A.
Llorin.

EE WOMAN
P R E E T Y
W O M A N
It is truly a wonder knowing that women are now
becoming interested in the electrical engineering
profession. Unlike before, when being an engineer
for a lady is a dime a dozen. In this day and age,
they can compete and are considered equals with
men in whatever field or endeavor.
Let us meet Engr. Globbe Seguban, our prEEty

woman for the second issue of The Electrical
Engineer. Globbe or Love as she likes to be
called, is one of the few women Professional
Electrical Engineers in the profession. She was
a DOST scholarship grantee at the University of
Southeastern Philippines where she graduated
with a Bachelor of Science degree in Electrical
Engineering and a Diploma of Technology
Major in Electronics Technology. She further
pursued a post graduate studies with a Masters in
Business Administration from Pole Paris Alterance
in 2019 and a Diploma in Business Management in
EduQual, United Kingdom in 2018. It is hard for an
electrical engineer to flourish and progress here in
the Philippines. Let alone a lady electrical engineer
at that. But Globbe demonstrated that gender does
not hamper professional growth.
She thrived and prospered amidst gender biased

environment in the Middle East to become a
successful Regional Manager of an electrical and
engineering supplies company based in the United
Kingdom. Globbe never forgets her roots as she
actively supports the Institute as an officer of the
IIEE-UAE Chapter since 2013. She was also a non-
commissioned reserved officer of the Philippine
Army until 2014.
Fellow electrical practitioners, take a peek at

Globbe’s personality through her answers to the
following questions:

EE WOMAN
Call her Life is always different in (the sector

I believe that life is you belong, e.g. academe, research,
- Life is so short, make - Love, Love2x
power system) because (what makes
the most out of it. Travel your track different from other tracks)
more and see the world, be People don't know that I - I would say, Life is always Different. The
humble, and avoid stress. am a shy person. Electrical Engineering field is unique, has a
very wide scheme, and a very complex in
terms of scope and field of expertise. Let’s
I am really good at start from the academe, where we started
– I won’t say that I am good but learning the hypothesis and theories
rather I am trying to be good at and into different specializations such as
my public speaking skills. I do research, power generations, transmission
hosting for some events of IIEE and distribution, design and construction,
as it does help me slowly build manufacturing, building and automation,
my self confidence. Marketing, etc. these are the few examples
of electrical engineering specialization why
electrical life is always different.
I am an EE practitioner
because of the character
that I possess for being At the end of the day
persistent and resilient - it is always you who can tell
from the ups and downs in your future. It is yourself that
life and striving to achieve will always lead to your success.
my goal heading to this Continuing personal development,
journey of my success. elevating and acquainting yourself
into new trends and innovations
will help you achieve your goal
in life.
If I am not an EE As an electrical engineer,
practitioner, what do you think is your
- I would probably be a biggest contribution to
dentist or do fulltime in the profession?
business. I have been - As an Electrical Engineer and
very independent at a Sales Manager, my biggest
a very young age and contribution to the profession
knew how to generate is giving our clients the best
income to support my possible services and most
studies. high-quality electrical products,
that are safe to use for both
workers and consumers with
exemplary after-sales
service support.
When woman works Do you agree that females

(the difference have a disadvantage in the
between a man's Electrical profession?
work in EE profession) No! What men can do that woman can’t?
– Men and women All throughout history, women were
are equal in my always to be the least priority. However,
perspective. Being in this generation, men and women
responsible and taking would nicely be called equal in terms
your work seriously and of capability and responsibility in the
responsively would be electrical engineering field of expertise.
the key to what the More women showcase their talents,
so-called difference skills, and knowledge in different sectors
turns into equality. of the electrical profession thereby, I
Also, I see women can really believe gender partiality will never
multi-task, at work and entangle the discerning grant of a gain
at home. or opportunity of every individual in the
electrical profession.

HEALTH
VITAMIN D
AND THE
AGE OF
EPIDEMICS
By: Dr. Shaun Sabico
immune system can be

equally potent, if not more
powerful, than whatever
As of this writing, the coronavirus shots and injectables
disease-19 (COVID-19) has been there are at our disposal.
responsible for the deaths of more The latter can be
than 6 million human lives globally, especially appealing to
and still counting. Most experts those who do not have
agree that these official figures access to vaccines, as
are substantially underestimated, well as the significant
with modelling techniques such number of people
as ‘excess mortality’ revealing who, despite being
that the true death toll could be well-informed, remain
closer to 18 million. COVID-19 hesitant to inoculations
unapologetically reminded created at ‘warp-speed’.
us modern day humans This article is not a
that despite all our medical showdown of efficacy
breakthroughs and cutting- between vitamins and
edge advancements in human vaccines, since we can
health, we are still fragile and have both and should
vulnerable. In principle, the not be an option.
medical community believes Rather, the article
that our greatest arsenal focuses on vitamin D
against viral epidemics and its pivotal role in
are vaccines and anti-viral our fight against global
therapeutics, but a growing epidemics over time,
number of experts also based on the author’s
believe that boosting the perspective.
Photo Credits to www.pexels.com

HEALTH
At present, there are three major to play a significant part in acute

WHAT IS VITAMIN D? modalities for vitamin D deficiency: respiratory infections and over-all
sunlight, artificial ultraviolet B pulmonary function.
Vitamin D, or more commonly (UVB) radiation, and vitamin D
known as the ‘sunshine’ vitamin, supplementation. It has been VITAMIN D, TUBERCULOSIS
obtained its name in the early estimated that more than a billion AND INFLUENZA
part of the 20th century after the people have vitamin D deficiency
discovery of the anti-rachitic effect globally, spanning all ethnicities and Vitamin D was only discovered
of cod liver oil. It was designated age groups. Ironically, some of the in the late 1920s. Prior to that,
“D,” as vitamins A, B, and C had highest and most severe forms of sunlight or ultraviolet exposure
been identified already. Synthesis vitamin D deficiency are found in was the primary source of vitamin
of vitamin D by the skin through regions where abundant sunlight D. Historical evidence have
sunlight exposure provides up is present year-round, and these shown that during the spread
to 80-100% vitamin D and, with include countries in the of tuberculosis in the industrial
adequate sunlight exposure, dietary Middle East. revolution, the ‘sanatorium therapy’,
vitamin D may be unnecessary. which was a combination of
Given the modern urban living EXTRA-SKELETAL EFFECTS OF nutrition, bed rest, fresh air and
however, adequate sunlight VITAMIN D ample sunlight, was considered the
exposure maybe unattainable only approach that gave modest
to most. Other factors such as It was only in recent years when success in treating patients with TB.
geographical location, BMI, age, clinical scientists started to This open-air treatment was also
skin color, amount of skin covered unravel the extra-skeletal effects used during one of the deadliest
(especially true in some cultures of vitamin D. Vitamin D has been influenza pandemics, the 1918
where women should be totally shown to regulate cell proliferation, Spanish flu, which killed 50-100
covered from head to foot before immune and muscle function, skin million people, or almost 6% of the
leaving their homes), among differentiation, and reproduction, world’s human population at that
others, all influence the cutaneous as well as key vascular and time. It was common knowledge
production of vitamin D and metabolic processes. Given the that ultraviolet radiation inactivates
therefore affect vitamin D status. multi-functional role of vitamin these respiratory pathogens.
Foods rich in vitamin D include high D in human metabolism, it is not As such, exposure to maximum
fat content fish (sardines, salmon, surprising that vitamin D deficiency sunlight may have accelerated
herring and mackerel), meat, eggs, has been significantly linked to patients’ recovery, since sunlight
and fortified dairy products to several chronic diseases outside was also observed to promote
name a few. Even in countries the skeletal realm (osteoporosis, healing in other conditions such as
where certain foods are fortified osteomalacia, osteopenia and septic wounds of battle
with vitamin D, however, dietary rickets) and this includes several ground soldiers.
intake of this vitamin is usually forms of cancer, cardiovascular
insufficient to maintain adequate diseases, immune diseases,
levels of vitamin D. diabetes, neuropsychiatric disorders
and muscular diseases, to name
Vitamin D is known mostly for its a few. Randomized clinical trials
role in calcium metabolism. On have observed significant clinical
the basis of skeletal health, the improvements and outcomes in
operational definition of vitamin D patients who were given vitamin
deficiency can be categorized into D supplements as an adjuvant
different levels: therapy in the treatment of the
mentioned disorders. Furthermore,
• Deficiency - Serum 25(OH)D and more importantly in the
<25nmol/L present times, vitamin D deficiency
• Insufficiency – Serum 25(OH) has (once again) been implicated
D 25-50nmol/L
• Sufficiency – Serum 25(OH)D
50-75nmol
• Upper limit of adequacy -
Serum 25(OH)D 125nmol/L

HEALTH
VITAMIN D AND THE COVID-19
At present, the biological activity of vitamin D

and its metabolites are almost established and
human civilization, but rather than waiting
include, among other extra-skeletal functions,
access for unofficially approved vaccines and
potent antimicrobial, immune boosting and
antiviral therapeutics [given only emergency
anti-inflammatory effects. A plethora of
use authorization (EUA) by the Food and Drug
evidence have associated vitamin D status
Administration (FDA)], it remains acceptable to
with the severity of COVID-19, and clinical trials
go to more established and safer options, such
have demonstrated the efficacy of vitamin
as maintaining optimum vitamin D levels, to
D supplementation in improving symptoms
benefit from its long list of protective effects.
and recovery times, although more robust
information is needed to confirm whether
AUTHOR
vitamin D correction also translates to reduced
mortality. In terms of prevention, vitamin D
Dr. Shaun Sabico is an MD, PhD and is currently
status correction significantly reduces risk of
an assistant professor of clinical biochemistry
acute respiratory infections, including seasonal
at King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. He has
flu, but may have minimal protective effects
authored more than 200 scientific publications
on the risk of COVID-19 infection. Bear in mind
and abstracts. His expertise includes
however that since the COVID-19 pandemic has
metabolism, clinical nutrition and chronic, non-
only entered its third year since 2020, up-to-
communicable diseases. In 2019 he became
date evidence is continuously evolving, and as
the first Asian to receive the prestigious Pierre
more compelling data arrives, it won’t come as a
Meunier Young Scientist Medal from the
surprise if the protective effects of vitamin D in
International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF)
terms of prevention and cure can only
and the European Society for Clinical Economic
grow stronger.
Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis
(ESCEO) for his commitment and achievements
TAKE HOME MESSAGES in advancing vitamin D research and education
in the Middle East, a region that has some of the
Vitamin D is essential primarily for bone and
highest prevalence vitamin D deficiency
muscle health, but may also be extremely
in the world.
beneficial in boosting the body's immune
response to pandemic-level type of viruses.
Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed by
Knowing your level of daily sun exposure can
the contributor are his and do not reflect the views
be a good estimate to know whether you
and opinions of the magazine and its editorial board.
are vitamin D deficient or not, but if you have
All information posted is merely for educational and
been clinically diagnosed to have vitamin D
informational purposes only. It is not intended as a
deficiency, correcting your vitamin D status can
substitute for professional medical advice. Should
be as simple as a short out-door walk in the
you decide to act upon any information on this piece,
morning sun. It is almost certain that COVID-19
you do so at your own risk.
is not the last of its kind to bring havoc in
32 VOLUME LI 2022 Issue No. 2 Photo Credits to www.pexels.com

FEATURES
2021 PRESIDENTIAL After he left his teaching post in 1994, he flew to

the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and worked
AWARDS FOR FILIPINO as electrical design engineer on a Riyadh Air Base
Project. Since his first overseas job posting, he
INDIVIDUALS & remained in KSA, eventually becoming one of the
many seasoned Filipino electrical engineers.
ORGANIZATIONS He successfully passed and was awarded
OVERSEAS BANAAG the ASEAN Chartered Professional Engineer
during the 9th Filipino ASEAN Chartered
AWARDEE Professional Engineers (FACPE) conferment held
in 2019 in Manila. This is in view of the ASEAN
Mutual Recognition to facilitate the mobility
of professionals within the South East Asian
ROLANDO MENDOZA NICOLAS, PEE, region through the recognition of qualifications,
ACPE, ASEAN Eng. experience obtained, requirements met, or
licenses and certifications granted by the
relevant authorities in the ASEAN Member States
(AMS).
He also serves as one of the mentors for the

Professional Electrical Engineers (PEE) aspirants
in preparation for the Technical Upgrading of PEE
given by the Board of Electrical Engineering of
S
the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) in
kills recognition and upgrading are key in realizing Manila. In 2012, he served as Chairperson of the
overseas Filipino workers’ labor potential and Philippine Professional Organizations – Central
professional development, showing that they Region Saudi Arabia (PPO-CRSA) and assisted
could be at par with their foreign colleagues and in the successful conduct of the 2012 and 2013
counterparts. In the Middle East, Engr. Rolando M. Nicolas Special Licensure of Board Examinations (SPLBE)
is instrumental in bringing the electrical profession and the at Elite International School in Riyadh. Since
Filipino professionals to a greater height of pride, accolade, 2013, he serves as a reviewer for the annual
and international recognition. Special Professional Licensure Examinations
(SPLE), conducting a series of review classes
An electrical engineer by profession, he received his for Registered Electrical Engineers (REE) and
bachelor’s degree in 1986. After passing his board exam, Registered Master Electricians (RME) examinees.
when he first started teaching at Virgen Milagrosa University
Foundation in San Carlos City, Pangasinan as a laboratory From 2016 to 2020, he served as ASEAN
instructor. As a licensed engineer, he dedicated seven years Engineer Registers (AER) coordinator and mentor
of teaching at the said university as a full-time instructor. In for the Institute of Integrated Electrical Engineers
his fifth year, he eventually became the department head of of the Philippines, Inc. – Central Region Chapter,
the Electrical Engineering Department of the university. Saudi Arabia (IIEE-CRCSA). Before that, he held
various capacities, serving as Board Director from

FEATURES
2008 to 2009, Vice President for Technical Affairs from

2010 to 2011, Chapter President in 2012, and Chapter
Adviser in 2013.
From 2019 to 2020, he served as ASEAN Chartered

Professional Engineer Register (ACPER) Committee
Chairman/ Chapter Coordinator. He mentors the
aspirants in preparation for the ACPE Panel of Experts
interview conducted by the ASEAN Monitoring
Committee on Engineering Services of the Philippines
(AMCESP). Several OFWs have been admitted as
ASEAN Chartered Professional Engineers.
He is the Founding Vice Chairperson of the Philippine

Council of Engineers and Architects (PCEA-
KSA). PCEA-KSA is the first and only professional
organization accredited by the Saudi government.
Engr. Nicolas also utilizes his talent in helping the

Philippine government. He is a Technical Committee
member in the construction of a Multi-Purpose Hall
Project of the Philippine Embassy in Riyadh, serving
pro-bono as one of the consultants. A groundbreaking
ceremony was held at the embassy ground in 2020.
for Outstanding Employee, 2017 IIEE Most Outstanding
For his professional achievements and significant Electrical Engineer in the Field of Consultancy, 2012
contributions to his organization, he was conferred IIEE Chapter Excellence Award (Gold) as Chapter
with the 2022 Philippine Federation of Professional President, and 2012 IIEE-CRCSA Leadership Award as
 
Associations Distinction Award for the Electrical Chapter President, among others.
Engineer Profession (Global Filipino Practice and
Service Category), 2021 Professional Regulation In conferring the Banaag Award to Engr. Rolando
Commission Outstanding Professional of the Year M. Nicolas, President Rodrigo Roa Duterte
Award in the field of Electrical Engineering, 2018 IIEE recognizes his commendable contributions in the
National President’s Award, 2018 Bagong Bayani Award skills upgrading and professional development of
the Filipino electrical engineers in the Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia and the Middle East.

WHAT'S THE NEWS
24TH NORTHERN MINDANAO

REGIONAL CONFERENCE
9TH FOREIGN
REGIONAL
CONFERENCE
Foreign region members have once again

gathered for the 9th Foreign Regional
Conference Hosted by WRCSA and
NWRCSA Last Last May 3-4, 2022.
REASONS TO ADVERTISE IN THE ELECTRICAL ENGINEER MAGAZINE

Build relationship A Lasting Message Flexibility Generates Response
and drives sales
The Electrical Engineer is a Many Electrical Engineers The Electrical Engineer
very personal media, i.e. it clip, mark and save your provides oppurtunities Electrical Engineers can make
creates private and intimate advertisements for future for inserts, supplements, it happen. After reading your
connections, a personal reference. Such ad clippings or advertorials and a variety of ad, targeted consumers are
oasis of engagement, with markings provide lasting and size and positioning option to motivated to shop for and
each individual IIEE member- durable messages with time to meet your specific marketing purchase your products(or
readers. The powerful intimacy study your brand's benefit. and creative needs. Services), call your company
rubs off onto your advertising, hotline, or go to your website.
awarding it an authority and Response is immediate.
trustwothiness. As such, there
is a positive effect on the
perception and absorption of
your advertisement.
WHAT'S THE NEWS
23RD CENTRAL
LUZON
REGIONAL
CONFERENCE
With a vission for a better and more

active organization, IIEE conducted its
23rd Central Luzon Regional Conference
last June 23-25, 2022 at Dagupan City
hosted by Pangasinan Chapter.
20TH EASTERN AND CENTRAL VISAYAS

REGIONAL CONFERENCE
21st Eastern 8th Metro 22nd Southern

Central Visayas Manila Regional Luzon Regional
Regional Conference Conference Conference
July 15-16, 2022 August 4-6, 2022 August 27-28, 2022

WHAT'S THE NEWS
8TH METRO MANILA REGIONAL

CONFERENCE
The 8th Metro Manila Regional

Conference held at the Novotel, Araneta
Center Cubao, Quezon City last August
4-6, 2022. the Metro Maninla North
Chapter hosted the event attended by
officers and members of metro manila.
22ND SOUTHERN
LUZON
CONFERENCE
IIEE Southern Luzon Region conducted

its 22nd Regional Conference at Puerto
Princesa Palawan last August 27 - 28 ,
2022
47th Annual
10 11 12
22nd Bicol 9th Western National
Regional Mindanao Regional Convention and
Conference Conference 3Expo
September 23-24, 2022 October 7-8, 2022
November 10-12, 2022

TECHNICAL
VFD VERSUS VFD HARMONICS

MITIGATING TECHNIQUE
By: Abdullah Mujahid, PEE, MEng
ABSTRACT METHODOLOGY
The increasing use of non-linear or electronic loads in Fig. 1 shows the harmonic mitigating method diagram.
an electrical system has The diagram includes two parallel transformers. The
contributed to serious electrical pollution. In this upper part transformer can have a delta-delta or
article, the author presented one method of wye-wye configuration, and the lower part can have a
mitigating harmonics. This method involved detailed delta-wye or wye-delta connection. This configuration
mathematical analysis in proving that it is aims to have a 30-degree phase difference between
possible to mitigate harmonics using the same source the upper and lower parts. The following sections will
of harmonics. The method was applied to show the detailed mathematical analysis to achieve
an actual facility and resulted in more than 50% the desired result. The analysis includes deriving the
harmonics reduction. six-pulse waveform equation using Fourier analysis,
the transformer vector group configuration that will
Keywords: Harmonics, VFD, Mathematical Analysis, achieve a 30-degree phase difference, and the
Electrical Pollution, Non-Linear Loads twelve-pulse VFD equation.
INTRODUCTION
The increasing use of non-linear or electronic loads

in an electrical system has contributed to serious
electrical pollution. Due to necessity, it is almost
impossible to avoid non-linear loads in an electrical
system, especially in large facilities, like medical
complexes, industrial plants, etc. One of the most
common techniques to control speed is using Variable
Frequency Drives (VFDs). VFDs are an effective way of
controlling the starting current of rotating machines Fig.1. Twelve-Pulse Harmonic Mitigating Diagram
because they can control the magnitude of voltage
and frequency during starting stage. VFDs involve Fig. 2 shows a basic connection of a three-phase full-
three stages: Rectification, DC Storage, and Power wave rectifier. Fig. 3 illustrates the six-pulse waveform
Inversion. Using a pulse width modulator (PWD), it after the
is possible to alter the magnitude of output voltage rectification
and output frequency. Altering the waveform of an process. Fig.
electrical quantity results in harmonics, making VFDs 4 and Fig. 5
one of the primary sources of power system harmonics. illustrate the
Three-phase VFDs have special characteristics that approximate
make them unique from other harmonic sources. output
Three-phase VFDs produce a six-pulse output after waveform for
rectification. Applying Fourier analysis will provide one cycle. The
the standard six-pulse equation. The secret of the approximation
harmonic mitigating technique presented in this article is necessary
lies in the six-pulse equation. The technique introduces to simplify
pairing an even number of six-pulse VFDs to form the derivation
twelve-pulse VFDunits [1]. process.
Fig.2. Three-Phase Rectification Diagram

TECHNICAL
Fig.5. Approximate Waveform [3]
Equations (1) and (2) can also be written in terms of
the period T, as shown in (3) and (4).
Fig.3. Three-Phase Waveform Rectification Process [2]

Using Fourier Analysis, the equivalent equation
Fourier Analysis describing (4) is derived in the following
procedures. Equation (5) shows the Fourier series.
The lower part of Fig. 3 is approximated to be a
rectangular waveform to simplify the derivation
5
process, as shown in Fig. 4.
To determine the values of the constants Ao, An,

and Bn use (6), (7), and (8).
7
Fig.4. Approximate Waveform [3]
Equation (1) describes the waveform shown in Fig. 4.
Equation (2) shows the simplified form 8
after removing the zero functions.
Considering Fig. 5, observation shows that Ao = 0.
The following illustrates the process to determine
An.

TECHNICAL
10
11
Table 1. An and Bn Values
12
13 19
20
The following illustrates the process to determine Bn.
21
22
Equation (22) shows the equivalent six-pulse waveform

14 equation.
Transformer Vector Group

15
Fig.6 illustrates the transformer connection to have a
delta-wye configuration.
16
17
18
After this analysis, use Table 1 to evaluate the values of

(13) and (18). Based on Table 1, An = 0 and Bn = ±2√3.
The sign of Bn changes every three harmonic terms,
i.e., 1, 5, 7, 11, 13, etc.

TECHNICAL
Fig.6. Three-Phase Transformer Connection [3] Hence, the simplified standard six-pulse waveform
equation is shown in (35) [4].
In this analysis, a positive phase sequence is assumed.
Hence, (23), (24), and (25) will be used
for the primary side, and (26), (27), and (28) for the
secondary side.
Considering lines
23
a and b, the
24 35
voltage across
25
them is given by
(29). Substituting
26 (26) and (28)
27 into (29) and
28 simplifying the
equation will
produce (33).
29
30 36
31
37
32
38
33
Plotting (23) and (33) on the clock’s face will show

the relationship between the primary voltage and the
secondary. In this vector group, the low voltage side
lags behind the high voltage side by 30 electrical 39
degrees.
40
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)

Equation (41) shows the standard THD definition.
Equations (42) and (43) show the total current
(without and with transformer phase shifting) at the
point of common coupling (PCC), respectively. In (42),
observation shows that only 1, 5, 7, 11, 13, ... terms are
present. Whereas, in (43), the only terms present are 1,
11, 13, 23, 25, ..., denoting that the VFD connected with
the phase-shifted transformer will cancel out the terms
6n ± 1, where n = 1, 3, 5, ... The THDs for both cases
are shown in (44) and (45). The values denote that
the mitigating technique presented in this article has
achieved a more than 50% harmonics reduction.
Fig.7. Illustration of Dy11 Transformer Vector Group [3]
From (22), let

34

TECHNICAL
41
42
43
44
45
Total Demand Distortion (TDD)
After the detailed mathematical analysis presented in

the previous sections, the results are applied to the
actual facility with a single line diagram (SLD) shown
below. Fig. 9 shows the equivalent impedance diagram. Fig.9. System
Table 2 shows the allowable total demand distortion Impedance Diagram
(TDD) as per IEEE Standard 519. [1]
Table 2. IEEE519: Individual Harmonic Order (Odd

Harmonics) [1]
In Fig. 9, the calculated short circuit current (SCC) is

9,776 A. In Fig. 8, the calculated fundamental current
I1 is 29.718 A, and the maximum demand IL is 148.53
A. The ratio of SCC to IL is 66, which falls between
50 and 100. Using Table 2, the allowable TDD is 12%.
Substituting the calculated fundamental current and
maximum demand in (46) will provide the TDD values
for both cases, i.e., without and with transformer phase
shifting. The results prove that the method introduced
in this article effectively mitigates power harmonics
contributed by VFDs.
48
46
49
47
Fig.8. Single Line Diagram [1] 50

TECHNICAL
Fig. 10 illustrates the ideal waveform at the transformer

output and PCC considering both cases.
Fig.10. Simulated Waveforms [1] (AUPEC) and recently published. The research is
accessible through this link
Conclusion https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9597716/
metrics#metrics.
This article has proven that connecting VFDs in pairs
will achieve a more than 50% reduction in
harmonics. Hence, when designing an electrical system References
that requires VFDs, connecting them in
parallel through transformers with 30 electrical [1] A. Mujahid, A. Kalam, S. M. Alizadeh, & Y. Fan,
degrees phase difference is recommended. This "Mathematical Analysis on Harmonics
method is applicable only for identical VFDs driving Mitigation Using a Phase-Shifted Transformer based
identical loads, such as elevators, etc. 12-Pulse Variable Frequency Drive,"
in 2021 31st Australasian Universities Power
About the Author Engineering Conference (AUPEC), Perth,
2021.
Abdullah Mujahid is an active Life Member of the
Institute of Integrated Electrical Engineers – [2] [Online]. Available: https://www.industrial-
Central Region Chapter Saudi Arabia (IIEE-CRCSA). He electronics.com/high-pwr-cnvrtrs_ac-
has been one of the regular and senior drives_3.html. [Accessed 2021].
SPLE Instructors since 2010. He has a master's degree
in Electrical Engineering major in Power [3] A. Mujahid, "General Membership Meeting," in
Systems. Institute of Integrated Electrical Engineers
- Central Region Chapter Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, 2022.
Abdullah Mujahid is currently pursuing his Doctor of [4] M. Grady, Understanding Power System Harmonics,
Engineering degree in Perth, Australia, Waco: Baylor University - School of
with a scholarship grant. His first doctorate research, Engineering and Computer Science, 2012.
entitled "Mathematical Analysis on
Harmonics Mitigation Using a Phase-Shifted
Transformer based 12-Pulse Variable Frequency
Drive," was presented at the 2021 31st Australasian
Universities Power Engineering Conference

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THE

MEET THE TEAM

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF MARVIN H. CASEDA

EDITORIAL ADVISER MARIA JOSENIA R. BAUTRO

WITH REPORTS FROM ABOITIZ

CHAIRMAN MARVIN H. CASEDA

27 THE 6TH PHILIPPINE WOMEN ENGINEERS' SUMMIT

12 VOLUME LI 2022 Issue No. 2 3

6 ESTELA R. PAREDES In this issue, we featured an activity of

There’s also our cover story which is about

Once again, we hope that you, our

Thank you very much everyone. Happy

4 VOLUME LI 2022 Issue No. 2

A University of Sydney led study has found using indoor

We often turn to air conditioners during hot weather to

By using indoor fans, indoor temperature levels can increase

An additional cost-benefit analysis in the paper on the

Modelling led by the University of Sydney, found that just by

Despite warmer indoor conditions because of less air

The findings published in The Lancet Planetary Health was

VOLUME LI 2022 Issue No. 2 5

"Our study confirms that

6 VOLUME LI 2022 Issue No. 2

x FOCUS FOR PEOPLE

• Passed 31 Board Resolutions

VOLUME LI 2022 Issue No. 2 7

x FOCUS FOR PROFESSIONALISM

8 VOLUME LI 2022 Issue No. 2

Periodic budget review

VOLUME LI 2022 Issue No. 2 9

10 VOLUME LI 2022 Issue No. 2

Nuclear Energy Hydroelectric Aeronautics

Oil & Gas Electric Vehicles Green Revolution

VOLUME LI 2022 Issue No. 2 11

THE CITY IN A FOREST:

Two years of being cramped inside the

The Philippines has a lot of it to offer. Some are well known

However, the place is not only for beach lovers. It caters to a

Ever planning on taking a vacay? Try and visit

12 VOLUME LI 2022 Issue No. 2

x LOLONG! HERE I COME!

No, we are not referring to a TV

The conservation center is one of

VOLUME LI 2022 Issue No. 2 13

The scenery is not the only

x SUNSET AT THE BAYWALK

After a day’s tour of the city, it is

x DON’T GO HOME WITHOUT IT

Yes! A must do in every travelling experience. A common activity for

For us Filipinos (or maybe all

14 VOLUME LI 2022 Issue No. 2

VOLUME LI 2022 Issue No. 2 15

REASONS TO DOE SIGNS MOU WITH 11

1. Target Audience TAGUIG CITY- The Department own communities.

ERC AMENDS THE OPEN ACCESS

DESIGNATES CHIEF Atty. Ridulme will be Napocor’s OIC until a new

LEGAL COUNSEL Appointive Director is nominated by President-elect

OIC PREXY AS The NP Board has given him authority to approve

Meanwhile, Atty. Ridulme said that the Corporation

18 VOLUME LI 2022 Issue No. 2