EXCEL ENGINEERING COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

UNIT TEST - III
Heat and Mass Transfer
Semester/Sec. :V Time: 2 Hours
Date: Max. Marks: 50

Use of standard HMT Hand book is permitted

Answer all the Questions
Part – A
1. Define boiling?
2. What is meant by condensation?
3. What is meant by pool boiling?
4. What is meant by filmwise condensation?
5. What is meant by dropwise condensation?
6. Give the merits of dropwise condensation?
7. What is heat exchanger?
8. What are the types of heat exchangers
9. What is meant by direct contact heat exchanger?
10. What is meant by indirect contact heat exchanger?
11. What is meant by regenerators?
12. What is meant by parallel flow heat exchanger?
13. What is meant by cross flow heat exchanger?
14. What is meant by shell and tube heat exchanger?
15. What is meant by compact heat exchanger?
16. What is meant by LMTD?
17. What is meant by fouling factor?
18. What is meant by effectiveness?
19. Discuss the advantage of NTU method over the LMTD method.
20. Sketch the temperature variations in parallel flow and counter flow heat exchangers.

Part – B

1. Discuss the various regimes of pool boiling heat transfer.

2. It is desired to boil water at atmospheric pressure on a copper surface which is

electrically heated. Estimate the heat flux from the surface of water, if the surface is
maintained at 110°C and also the peak heat flux.

3. An aluminium pan of 15cm diameter is used to boil water and the water depth at the
time of boiling is 2.5 cm. The pan is placed on an electric stove and the heating
element raises the temperature of the pan to 110°C. Calculate the power input for
boiling and the rate of evaporation. Take Csf= 0.0132
4. Water is to be boiled at atmospheric pressure in a polished copper pan by means of an
electric heater. The diameter of the pan is 0.38m and is kept at 115°C. Calculate the
following, 1. Power required to boil the water, 2. Rate of evaporation, 3. Critical heat
flux.

5. Water is boiled at the rate of 24 kg/h in a polished copper pan, 300mm in diameter at
atmospheric pressure. Assuming nucleate boiling conditions, calculate the
temperature of the bottom surface of the pan.

6. A vertical tube of 65 mm outside diameter and 1.5 m long is exposed to steam at

atmospheric pressure. The outer surface of the tube is maintained at a temperature of
60 °C by circulating cold water through the tube. Calculate the following
a) The rate of heat transfer to the coolant.
b)The rate of condensation of steam.

7. A tube of 2m length and 25mm OD is to be used to condense saturated steam at

100°C while the tube surface is maintained at 92°C. Estimate the average heat
transfer coefficient and the rate of condensation of steam if the tube is kept
horizontal. The steam condenses on the outside of the tube.

8. A horizontal tube of outer diameter 2.2 cm is exposed to dry steam at 100 °C. The
pipe surface is maintained at 62°C by circulating water through it. Calculate the rate
of formation of condensate per metre length of the pipe.

9. In a counter flow double pipe heat exchanger, water is heated from 25°C to 65°C by
an oil with a specific heat of 1.45 kJ/kg K and mass flow rate of 0.9 kg/s. The oil is
cooled from 230°C to 160°C. If the overall heat transfer coefficient is 420 W/m 2K,
calculate the following, 1. The rate of heat transfer, 2. The mass flow rate of water, 3.
The surface area of the heat exchanger.

10. In a double pipe counter flow heat exchanger 10000 kg/h of an oil having a specific
heat of 2095 J/kgK is cooled from 80°C to 50°C by 8000 kg/h of water entering at
25°C. Determine the heat exchangers area for an overall heat transfer coefficient of
300 W/m2K. Take Cp for water as 4180 J/kg K.

11. A counter flow concentric tube heat exchanger is used to cool engine oil (C p= 2130
J /kg K) from 160°C to 60°C with water available at 25°C as the cooling medium.
The flow rate of cooling water through the inner tube of 0.5m is 2 kg/s while the flow
rate of oil through the outer annulus OD = 0.7 m is also 2 kg/s. If ‘h’ is 250 W/m 2K,
how long must the heat exchanger be to meet its cooling requirement?
12. A parallel flow heat exchanger has hot and cold water stream running through it, the
flow rates are 10 and 25 kg/min respectively. Inlet temperatures are 75°C and 25°C
on hot and cold sides. The exit temperature on the hot side should not exceed 50°C.
Assume hi=ho= 600 W/m2K. Calculate the area of heat exchanger using Effectiveness-
NTU approach.

13. It is desired to use a double pipe counter flow heat exchanger to cool 3 kg/s of oil
(Cp=2.1 kJ/kg K) from 120°C. Cooling water at 20°C enters the heat exchanger at a
rate of 10 kg/s. The overall heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger is 600
W/m2K and the heat transfer area is 6m2. Calculate the exit temperatures.

14. In a counter flow double pipe heat exchanger water is heated from 25°C to 60°C by
an oil with a specific heat of 1.45 kJ/kg K and mass flow rate of 0.9 kg/s. The oil is
cooled from 230°C to 160°C. If the overall heat transfer coefficient is 420°C,
calculate (1) the rate of heat transfer, (2) the mass flow rate of water and (3) the
surface area of the heat exchanger.

15. Derive the rate of heat transfer equation of parallel flow heat exchanger for LMTD
analysis.

16. Derive the rate of heat transfer equation of counter flow heat exchanger for
effectiveness-NTU analysis.

17. In a counter flow single pass heat exchanger is used to cool the engine oil from 150°C
to 55°C with water, available at 23°C as the cooling medium. The specific heat of oil
is 2125 J/kg K. The flow rate of cooling water through the inner tube of 0.4m
diameter is 2.2 kg/s. The flow rate of oil through the outer tube of 0.75 m diameter is
2.4 kg/s. If the value of the overall heat transfer coefficient is 240 W/m 2K, how long
must be the heat exchanger is to meet its cooling requirement?

18. Saturated steam at 126°C is condensing on the outertube surface of a single pass heat
exchanger. The heat exchanger heats 1050 kg/h of water from 20°C to 95°C. The
overall heat transfer coefficient is 1800 W/m 2K. Calculate the following 1. Area of
heat exchanger, 2. Rate of condensation of steam.
19. In a refrigerant plant water is cooled from 20°C to 7°C by brine solution entering at -
2°C and leaving at 3°C. The design heat load is 5500 W and the overall heat transfer
coefficient is 800 W/m2K. What area required when using a shell and tube heat
exchanger with the water making one shell pass and the brine making two tube
passes.

20. Saturated Steam at 120°C is condensing in shell and tube heat exchanger. The cooling
water enters the tube at 25°C and leaves at 80°C. Calculate the LMTD, if the
arrangement is (a) Counter flow (b) Parallel flow (c) Cross flow.

21. In a cross flow heat exchangers, both fluids unmixed, hot fluid with a specific heat of
2300 J/kg K enters at 380°C and leaves at 300°C. cold fluid enters at 25°C and leaves
at 210°C. Calculate the required surface area of heat exchanger. Take overall heat
transfer coefficient is 750 W/m2 K. Mass flow rate of hot fluid is 1 kg/s.

22. A parallel flow heat exchanger is used to cool 4.2 kg/min of hot liquid of specifi heat
3.5 kJ/kg K at 130°C. A cooling water of specific heat 4.18 kJ/kgK is used for
cooling purpose at a temperature of 15°C. The mass flow rate of cooling water is 17
kg/min. calculate the following, 1. outlet temperature of liquid, 2. Outlet temperature
of water, 3. Effectiveness of heat exchanger.

23. In a cross flow both fluids unmixed heat exchanger, water at 6°C flowing at the rate
of 1.25 kg/s. It is used to cool 1.2 kg/s of air that is initially at a temperature of 50°C.
Calculate the following, 1. Exit temperature of air, 2. Exit temperature of water,
Assume U=130 W/m2K and area is 23m2.

24. In a counter flow heat exchanger, water is heated from 20°C to 80°C by oil with a
specific heat of 2.5 kJ / kg K and mass flow rate of 0.5 kg/s. The oil is cooled from
110°C to 40°C. If the overall heat transfer coefficient is 1400 W/m 2K, find the
following by using NTU method, 1. Mass flow rate of water, 2. Effectiveness of heat
exchanger, 3. Surface area.