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    Anti Malarial Drugs

    Uploaded by

    Kevil Loriya

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Anti Malarial Drugs

    Uploaded by

    Kevil Loriya
    6 views1 page

    Original Title

    Anti malarial drugs

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    6 views1 page

    Anti Malarial Drugs

    Uploaded by

    Kevil Loriya

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Anti Malaria drugs

    Stages of Malaria CHLOROQUINE

    Pre erythrocytes phase - responsible for cause of malaria drug possessing largest volume of distribution
    Erythrocytic phase - responsible for cause of symptoms selectively concentrated in the parasitized erythrocytes.
    Exo-erythrocytic stage - responsible for relapse of malaria (absent in falciparum) MOA: prevents polymerization of heme to hemozoin resulting in accumulation of heme
    that is toxic for the parasite.
    Uses: doc for non-falciparum malaria ( can be given in pregnant women)
    Classification of drugs
    Adverse effects: skin rashes, peripheral neuropathy, hypotension, myocardial depression
    Primary tissue schizonticides: kill schizonts in the liver
    used for causal prophylaxis. QUININE
    proguanil, primaquine and pyrimethamine.
    use is treatment of P. falciparum infections resistant to chloroquine
    can cause hypoglycemia manifested by palpitations, sweating and tachycardia.
    Erythrocytic schizonticides: kill schizonts in the blood i.v. infusion of quinine should always be given in 5% dextrose solution (Prevent hypoglycaemia)
    used for the treatment of acute attacks as well as
    hemolysis in G-6-PD deficient patients.
    suppressive prophylaxis of malaria.
    At toxic doses, cinchonism can occur
    Fast acting: Chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, atovaquone and artemisinin derivatives

    Slow acting: Proguanil, pyrimethamine, sulfonamides, tetracyclines

    PRIMAQUINE ATOVAQUONE
    Exo-erythrocytic schizonticides: kill the exo-erythrocytic forms and are thus used for radical cure
    primaquine. forming redox compounds that act as cellular antioxidants. rapidly acting blood schizonticide
    can cause methemoglobinemia and hemolysis in G-6-PD Also be used for Pneumocystis jiroveci
    deficient patients. pneumonia and Toxoplasma gondit infections.
    Sporonticides or gametocides: kill the gametes and thus prevent transmission of malaria, contra-indicated in pregnancy.
    no role (for radical cure) in P. falciparum
    (Because no exo erythrocytic phase)
    Chloroquine, mepacrine and quinine - for P.vivad ARTEMISININ DERIVATIVES
    fastest acting drugs against malaria.
    Progaunil, pyrimethamine, primaquine - for.P. Vivad and P. Falciparum
    MEFLOQUINE very short half life and can be given i.v.
    used for the treatment of multidrug resistant malaria
    ANTI FOLATE DRUGS used for chloroquine resistant P. falciparum
    infections,
    pyrimethamine, proguanil, sulfadoxine and dapsone. single dose treatment of malaria.
    act by inhibiting DHFRase. for treatment as well as prophylaxis. HALOFANTRINE AND LUMEFANTRINE
    slow acting blood schizonticides cause cardiac conduction disturbances, psychosis reserved for treatment of multidrug resistant malaria.
    active against chloroquine resistant P. falciparum and seizures.

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