PHẦN II: ĐỒNG NGHĨA - TRÁI NGHĨA

LESSON 6
I. Vocabulary
Từ
STT Từ vựng Phiên âm Nghĩa
loại
1 negotiation n / nəˌɡəʊʃɪˈeɪʃən/ sự thương lượng, đàm phán
2 adrenaline n /əˈdrenəlɪn/ một loại hocmon tiết ra khi cơ thể cáu
giận hay mệt mỏi
3 disseminate v /dɪˈsemɪneɪt/ gieo rắc, truyền bá
4 disperse V /dɪˈspɜːs/ giải tán, phân tán
5 impediment n /ɪmˈpedɪmənt / vật cản trở
6 impotence n /ˈɪmpətəns / sự bất lực
7 cooperate v /kəʊˈɒpəreɪt/ hợp tác
8 racial a /ˈreɪʃəl/ đặc trưng cho chủng tộc
racism n /ˈreɪsɪzəm/ sự phân biệt chủng tộc
9 shadow v /ˈʃædəʊ/ đổ bóng, làm tối sầm
10 hound v /haʊnd/ chó săn
11 incessant a /ɪnˈsesnt/ không ngừng, không dứt
12 adjoin v /əˈdʒɔɪn/ tiếp giáp, nằm sát vách
13 secluded a /sɪˈkluːdɪd/ hẻo lánh
14 sequestered a /sɪˈkwestəd/ hẻo lánh
15 sheltered a /ˈʃeltəd/ được che mưa che nắng
16 congested a /kənˈdʒestɪd/ đông nghịt, tắc cứng
17 prosecute v /ˈprɒsɪkjuːt/ truy tố
18 disgusting a /dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ/ làm ghê tởm, kinh tởm
19 counterproductive a /ˌkaʊntəprəˈdʌktɪv / phản tác dụng
20 disturb v /dɪˈstɜːb / làm náo động, quấy rầy
disturbance n / dɪˈstɜːbəns / sự náo động, quấy rầy
21 chatter v /ˈtʃætər/ nói luôn miệng
22 annoy v /əˈnɔɪ/ làm bực mình
annoyance n /əˈnɔɪəns/ sự làm bực mình
23 enforce v /ɪnˈfɔːs/ bắt buộc, ép buộc
enforcement n /ɪnˈfɔːsmənt/ sự bắt buộc, sự ép buộc
24 distasteful a /dɪsˈteɪstfl/ khó chịu
25 anonymity n /ˌænənˈɪməti/ sự giấu tên, sự nặc danh

II. Structures
STT Cấu trúc - Cụm từ Nghĩa
1 go halves chia tiền
2 get ahead thành công
 3 getting off = becoming excited phấn khích
4 sit on the fence = delay making a decision trì hoãn đưa ra quyết định
5 take the stories with a pinch of salt tạm tin, không tin hoàn toàn
6 be on edge bồn chồn và háo hức
7 be cut out for sth/ be cut out to st: có đủ phẩm chất và khả năng cần thiết
8 separate = break up chia tay, tan rã
9 own up to (doing) st thừa nhận, thú tội làm gì.
10 confess to (doing) st thừa nhận, thú tội gì
11 go in for thích, đam mê cái gì.
12 settle for st chấp nhận cái gì
13 make after = chase đuổi theo
14 catch on = become popular phổ biến
15 uninterrupted views tầm nhìn quang đãng
16 on the move đang phải đi, bận
17 ill-gotten wealth/gains: của cải, tài sản kiếm được nhưng phi pháp
18 lose out bị bất lợi, thua cuộc
19 be snowed under bận rộn
20 be proud of tự hào về cái gì

III. Practice exercise 6

Mark the letter A, B, C, or Don your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 1: She had promised to go halves with him if he got anywhere in the negotiations.
A. get divorced B. divide into two parts
C. compete to the end D. share equally
Question 2: Have you dedicated the last ten years to getting ahead in your career and the rewards that
come with that?
A. becoming successful B. choosing a new job
C. trying more D. becoming the leader
Question 3: He was obviously getting off on the adrenaline of performing before the crowd.
A. becoming frightened B. becoming admired
C. becoming excited D. becoming exhausted
Question 4: They want someone to make all their choices for them, so they just sit on the fence and wait
to be told what to do.
A. ask for advice B. avoid making a decision
C. come to an end D. express their choices
Question 5: Since I had no recourse to take this route, I took the stories with a pinch of salt and never
checked them out.
A. believed the whole stories B. didn't believe anything in the stories
C. paid no attention to the stories D. believed only part of the stories
Question 6: One of the aims of most Lay Organizations is to disseminate knowledge about Huntington's
disease to local doctors, social workers and nursing homes.
A. dedicate B. compile C. condense D. disperse
Question 7: Cynthia was on edge all day about the important presentation she had to give to the local
citizens group.
A. nervous and excited B. doing well C. satisfied D. working hard
Question 8: Are you certain that you are cut out for that kind of job?
A. are determined to take B. don't want to take
C. are offered D. have the necessary skills for
Question 9: His physical conditions were no impediment to his career as a violinist.
A. help B. impotence C. hindrance D. impossibility
Question 10: One of the fundamentals of education, mathematics is taught from the earliest grades in
school.
A. basics B. understandings C. needs D. points
Question 11: In 1969, the Beatles officially broke up after playing together as a band for more than a
decade.
A. separated B. united C. worked together D. cooperated
Question 12: Nobody owned up to breaking the window.
A. objected to B. decided on C. confessed to D. allowed for
Question 13: I don't really go in for winter sports very much.
A. am not good at B. do not hate C. do not practice D. am not keen on
Question 14: The museum was overrun with tourists, so we decided to go back another day.
A. crowded with tourists B. having no tourist
C. having tourists running D. not having enough tourists
Question 15: The victim of the racial discrimination settled for the apology from the company.
A. made B. accepted C. offered D. issued

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to
the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 16: I slipped my other shoe into my bag and made after him - he wasn't hard to locate.
A. pursued B. shadowed C. preceded D. hounded
Question 17: Despite its worldwide popularity, golf has never caught on in big way in St Lucia.
A. saw for a moment B. became popular C. became limited D. spread widely
Question 18: From most rooms, there are uninterrupted views of the castle.
A. nothing blocks the views B. the views with lots of impediment
C. adjoining views D. incessant views
Question 19: The castle dominates the landscape for miles around.
A. is unable to observe from a far distance B. can be seen from a long way away
C. can be found from every direction D. is likely to notice from any distance
Question 20: You'll love the secluded beaches.
A. without many people B. Sequestered C. sheltered D. congested
Question 21: To preserve anonymity, the contributors' names were removed.
A. conserve B. cover C. presume D. reveal
Question 22: Keeping animals in these conditions is unbelievably cruel. The farmer ought to be
prosecuted.
A. clever B. reasonable C. gentle D. brutal
Question 23: I'd love to come, but I am snowed under at the moment.
A. am busy B. have free time C. have a bad cold D. am on the move
Question 24: III-gotten wealth is disgusting.
A. admiring B. distasteful C. worthless D. admirable
Question 25: One of our group's main goals is to discourage the use of chemical fertilizers.
A. prevent B. encourage C. avoiding D. expect
Question 26: Many people lost out when the new regulations were enforced.
A. were at an advantage B. were at a disadvantage
C. lost their jobs D. became fainted
Question 27: The exercise was a piece of cake: I can do it with my eyes closed.
A. challenging B. easy C. boring D. understandable
Question 28: Research has shown that sending young offenders to prison can be counterproductive.
A. achieving good results B. achieving bad results
C. achieving unfortunate results D. achieving indirect result
Question 29: As you can see, my father does a lot of gardening and those rose bushes are the apples of
his eye. He's so proud of them.
A. the things that he likes very much B. the apples that he prefers
C. the things that is very important to him D. the things that he dislikes
Question 30: Laura loves to talk to anyone. Sometimes her chatter really gets on my nerves.
A. annoys me B. disturbs me C. pleases me D. encourages me
ĐÁP ÁN
LESSON 6
1. D 6. D 11. A 16. C 21. D 26. A
2. A 7. A 12. C 17. C 22. C 27. A
3. C 8. D 13. D 18. B 23. B 28. A
4. B 9. C 14. A 19. A 24. D 29. D
5. D 10. A 15. B 20. D 25. B 30. C