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    Questions of Lecture 10

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    Chan peter

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    Questions of Lecture 10

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    Questions of Lecture 10

    Uploaded by

    Chan peter

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    Question 8 of Lecture 10.

    Source d.f. SS MS F
    Treatment 𝑘 − 1 =2 12.94 6.47 =6.47/1.73=3.74
    Error 𝑛 − 𝑘 =15 26 1.73
    Total 17 38.94
    We first calculate SST. In order to calculate SST, we need to find means first. Set up the table as below.

    X1 X2 X3
    5 8 5
    7 9 6
    8 7 5
    7 9 7
    8 8 4
    7 9
    8
    Total 35 56 36
    𝑛1 = 5, 𝑛2 = 7, 𝑛3 = 6
    35 56 36 35 + 56 + 36 127
    𝑥̅1 = = 7, 𝑥̅2 = = 8, 𝑥̅ 3 = = 6, 𝑥̅̅ = = = 7.06
    5 7 6 18 18
    𝑘

    𝑆𝑆𝑇 = ∑ 𝑛𝑖 (𝑥̅ 𝑖 − 𝑥̅̅ )2 = 𝑛1 (𝑥̅1 − 𝑥̅̅ )2 + 𝑛2 (𝑥̅ 2 − 𝑥̅̅ )2 + 𝑛3 (𝑥̅ 3 − 𝑥̅̅ )2


    𝑖=1
    = 5(7 − 7.06)2 + 7(8 − 7.06)2 + 6(6 − 7.06)2 = 12.94
    We now find SSE.

    𝑥1 𝑥12 𝑥2 𝑥22 𝑥3 𝑥32


    5 25 8 64 5 25
    7 49 9 81 6 36
    8 64 7 49 5 25
    7 49 9 81 7 49
    8 64 8 64 4 16
    7 49 9 81
    8 64
    Total 35 251 56 452 36 232
    Since
    𝑛
    2
    1 2
    (∑𝑛𝑖=1 𝑥𝑖 )2
    𝑠 = [∑ 𝑥𝑖 − ],
    𝑛−1 𝑛
    𝑖=1

    we have

    1 352 6
    𝑠12 = [251 − ]=
    5−1 5 4
    2
    1 56 4
    𝑠22 = [452 − ]=
    7−1 7 6
    1 362 16
    𝑠32 = [232 − ]=
    6−1 6 5
    𝑘

    𝑆𝑆𝐸 = ∑(𝑛𝑖 − 1)𝑠𝑖2 = (𝑛1 − 1)𝑠12 + (𝑛2 − 1)𝑠22 + (𝑛3 − 1)𝑠32


    𝑖=1
    6 4 16
    = 4 ( ) + 6 ( ) + 5 ( ) = 6 + 4 + 16 = 26
    4 6 5
    We then fill the ANOVA table on the top of the previous page.

    The rejection region is 𝐹 > 𝐹0.05,2,15 = 3.68

    Since the test statistic is 3.74, which is greater than 3.68 (Falls inside of the rejection region), we reject
    𝐻0 .

    Question 9 of Lecture 10

    We first create the observed frequencies table with margins as follows

    Plant Wages Working Cond. Pension Total


    New York 60 62 78 200
    New Jersey 70 56 74 200
    Total 130 118 152 400
    Now we create the expected frequencies table as below. The expected frequency is equal to
    𝑟𝑜𝑤 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑖𝑛 ∗ 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑖𝑛
    𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠
    Plant Wages Working Cond. Pension Total
    New York 130 ∗ 200 59 76 200
    = = 65
    400
    New Jersey 65 59 76 200
    Total 130 118 152 400

    Now we calculate the test statistic.

    (60 − 65)2 (60 − 65)2 (62 − 59)2 (62 − 59)2 (78 − 76)2 (78 − 76)2
    𝜒2 = + + + + +
    65 65 59 59 76 76
    25 25 9 9 4 4
    = + + + + + = 1.18
    65 65 59 59 76 76
    The degrees of freedom is 𝑣 = (𝑐 − 1)(𝑟 − 1) = (3 − 1)(2 − 1) = 2. The rejection region is 𝜒2 >
    2
    𝜒0.05,2 = 5.99.

    Since 1.18<5.99, we don’t rejection 𝐻0 , i..e, two variables are independent.

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