Physics Lesson 5 ..

PHYSICS
CLASS :- VIII
Chapter 5: LIGHT ENERGY
Question 1: fill in the blanks
1. Light bands towards the normal when it travels from an optically rarer medium
to an optically denser medium.
2. When a Ray of light strikes the surface of separation normally it does not suffer
any deviation.
3. The ratio between velocities of light in vacuum to the velocity of light in a given
medium is called refractive index of the given medium.
4. The velocity of light in glass is more than that in a diamond.
5. A concave mirror is also called a converging mirror.
6. A ray passing through the normal emerges undeviated.
7. A convex mirror bulges outwards.
8. Between air and glass, air is the rarer medium.
9. A band of seven colors formed by the dispersion of white light by prism is called
spectrum.
10. The convex mirror is used as rear view mirror.
Question 2 : write true or false
1. An opaque substance is calling an optical medium. - false

2. Speed of light in glass is more than that in air.- false
3. 1μ2 = speed of light in medium 1/ speed of light in medium 2. - True
4. The angle between an incident Ray and refracted Ray is called angle of
deviation. True
5. The angle between refracted Ray and normal is called angle of deviation. False
6. Water and alcohol have nearly the same refractive index. True
7. If angle of incidence is 0, then angle of reflection is also zero. True
8. Twinkling of stars takes place because of atmospheric refraction. True
9. A concave mirror is used as a shaving glass. True
10. Mirage is observed in hot summer day. True
Question 3: Choose the correct answer

1. The speed of light in vacuum is
A. 8 ×10^5m/s
B. 3× 10^9 m/s
C. 3× 10^8 m/s
D. 8×10^3 m/s
2. The bending of light when it travels from one medium to another is called
A. Reflection
B. refraction
C. Rectilinear propagation
D. None
3. When white light passes through a prism
A. Red color deviates the most
B. Red color deviates the least
C. Blue color deviates the most
D. Violet color deviates the least
4. Twinkling of stars is due to the phenomenon of
A. Reflection
B. Refraction
C. Rectilinear propagation
D. None
5. The angle between the incident Ray and emergent Ray is called
A. The angle of incident
B. The angle of reflection
C. The angle of deviation
D. None
6. Rainbows are formed due to the
A. Reflection of light
B. Refraction of light
C.. Dispersion of light
B. None
7. The
D. Real and diminimage formed by a concave mirror is never
A. Virtual and magnified
B. Real and magnified
C. Virtual and diminished ished
8. Spherical mirrors add those mirrors which are
A. Spheres
B.plain mirrors
C. Part of hollow sphere
Be. Flat disk shaped
9. Concave mirror produces an enlarge real image when the object is placed
A. At C
B. Between Cand F
C. Beyond C
D. Between F&P
10. The radius of curvature in a spherical mirror is equal to
A. 2f
B. Half F
C. 2 R
D. 3F
Question 4. : Match the following

Column A Column B
1. Position 0f image formed by concave mirror when - at F

The object is placed at infinity
2. Position of image formed by a convex mirror when - behind the mirror
Object is placed in front of it
3. Position of image formed by a concave mirror - Beyond C
When the object placed between C and F
4. Position of the image formed by a concave mirror - At infinity
When object is placed at F
5. Position of image formed by a concave mirror - At C
When object is placed at C
Que.5 Answer the following:-

1. What is refraction of light ?
Ans. The change in direction ( or bending) of light when it passes from one
transparent medium to another is called refraction of light.
2. What is the unit of refractive index ?

Ans. It has no unit.
3. Why does a ray of light bend when it passes obliquely from one transparent
medium to another?
Ans. Rays of light bends because :
(1) Light travel with different speed in different medium.
(2) When light travel from one point to another , it always select that path which
takes the shortest time.
(1) First law of refraction : the incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal at
the point of incidence all lie in the same plane.
4. State the laws of refraction.

Ans. They are :
(1) First law of refraction : the incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal at
the point of incidence all lie in the same plane.
(2) Second law of refraction: for any given pair of media the ratio of sine of angle
of incidence to the sine of angle of refraction is a constant.
It is also called snell's law named after famous scientists willebrord Snellius.
Sin I = μ ( constant)
Sin r
5. Define the angle of deviation.

Ans. It is the angle between the incidence ray and the refracted ray is called angle
of deviation.
6. What is lateral displacement of light?

Ans. The perpendicular distance between the incident ray produce and the
emergent ray is called lateral displacement.
7. What is spherical mirrors? What are different kinds of mirrors?
Ans. A spherical mirror is a part of a hollow sphere or a spherical surface . They
are of two kinds :
1) Concave or converging mirrors
2) Convex or diverging mirrors
8. Which type of mirror always forms virtual image ?

Ans. Convex or diverging mirror
9. By drawing a diagram show , how a concave mirror acts as a converging mirror?

Ans. Follow TB. pg no. 65 , fig. 5.19 (a)
10. What do you mean by angle of prism?
Ans. It is the angle between the refracting faces of a prism is called angle of prism.
11. What is dispersion? What is the cause of dispersion?
Ans. The splitting of while light into its constituent colors is called dispersion of
light.
It occurs due to the refraction of light in different media.
Que. 6 Define the following:-

1. Refractive index :- It is define as the ratio of speed of light in one medium to the
speed of light in a given medium.
2. Dispersion of light :- splitting of white light into its constituent colors is called
dispersion of light.
3. Spectrum :- It is the colors band obtained on a screen on passing white light

through a prism is called the spectrum.
4. Angle of refraction :- It is the angle formed between the refracted ray and the
normal.
Que. 7 Differentiate between:-
1. Reflection and refraction

Reflection -- 1) The incident ray bounces back to the same medium. 2) Deviation is
more than 90°.
Refraction-- 1) The incident ray is transmitted to the second medium. 2) Deviation
is less than or equal to 90°.
2.Angle of incidence and angle of deviation
Angle of incidence –1) it is the angle between incident ray and normal.
2)It may be less than or equal to 90°.
Angle of deviation –1) It is the angle between incident ray and emergent ray. 2) It
may be grater than 90°.
3. Incident ray :-1) It propagate towards the interface.
2)It always in upper part of the interface.
Refracted ray :- 1)It always moves away from the normal.
2) It always in the lower part of the interface.
4.Converging mirror and diverging mirror (TB pg. no. 66)
5. Real image and virtual image. ( TB pg. no. 69)
Que. 7 : Give reason for the following:-
1) A ray of light traveling obliquely from one medium to the other bends at the
interface.
Ans. Because ..
i. Light travels with different speeds in different mediums. ii. She. Light travels
from one point to another it always selects that path which takes the shortest
time.
2) A pencil immersed obliquely in water appears bent and short.
Ans. Because.. A pencil partly immersed in water appears to bent due to
reflection as light rays bent away from normal when they travel through
optically denser to optically rarer medium. 3) A coin
placed at the bottom of a beaker containing water appears raised.
Ans.It happens due to the, phenomenon of refraction of light. When the
rays of light from the coin, in the denser medium, fall on the interface
separating the two media, the rays of light move away from the normal after
refraction. The point from which the refracted rays appear to come gives
the apparent position of the coin. As the rays appear to come from a point
above the coin, therefore, the coin seems to be raised.
4) During sunrise and sunset the sun is seen even when it is slightly below
the horizon.
Ans. These rays on earth appear to be coming from an apparent position of
sun which is higher than its actual position. Thus, the sun is seen even
when it is slightly below the horizon during sunset and sunrise.
5) Stars appear to twinkle.
Ans. The movement of air (sometimes called turbulence) in the
atmosphere of Earth causes the starlight to get slightly bent as it travels
from the distant star through the atmosphere down to us on the ground. ...
To our eyes, this makes the star seem to twinkle.
6) When white light passes through a prism it splits up into seven different colors.
Ans. These colors are often observed as light passes through a triangular
prism. Upon passage through the prism, the white light is separated
into its component colors - red, orange, yellow, green, blue and violet. The
separation of visible light into its different colors is known as dispersion.
7) Convex mirrors are used as rear view mirror.
Ans. We prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles because it gives
a wider field of view, which allows the driver to see most of the traffic behind him.
Convex mirrors always form a virtual, erect, and diminished image of the objects
placed in front of it.
8) Concave mirrors are used as doctors head mirror.
Ans. When the light rays from the light source are reflected from the
concave mirror, it is focused on the ear, nose, or throat of the patient
making the infected parts more visible.
QUE. 8 RAY DIAGRAMS :- ( Follow TB. pg, no. 67 and 68)

1. In a concave mirror when object is at infinity
2. Placed beyond C
3. Placed at C
4. Placed between F and C
5. Placed at F
6. Placed between pole and F

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PHYSICS

Question 1: fill in the blanks

Question 2 : write true or false

1. An opaque substance is calling an optical medium. - false

Question 3: Choose the correct answer

Question 4. : Match the following

1. Position 0f image formed by concave mirror when - at F

Que.5 Answer the following:-

2. What is the unit of refractive index ?

4. State the laws of refraction.

5. Define the angle of deviation.

6. What is lateral displacement of light?

8. Which type of mirror always forms virtual image ?

9. By drawing a diagram show , how a concave mirror acts as a converging mirror?

10. What do you mean by angle of prism?

11. What is dispersion? What is the cause of dispersion?

Que. 6 Define the following:-

3. Spectrum :- It is the colors band obtained on a screen on passing white light

Que. 7 Differentiate between:-

1. Reflection and refraction

Que. 7 : Give reason for the following:-

QUE. 8 RAY DIAGRAMS :- ( Follow TB. pg, no. 67 and 68)

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