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PMT

GCSE
CHEMISTRY
8462/1F
Paper 1 Foundation Tier
Mark scheme
June 2019
Version: 1.0 Final

*196G8462/1F/MS*
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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

Mark schemes are prepared by the Lead Assessment Writer and considered, together with the relevant
questions, by a panel of subject teachers. This mark scheme includes any amendments made at the
standardisation events which all associates participate in and is the scheme which was used by them in
this examination. The standardisation process ensures that the mark scheme covers the students’
responses to questions and that every associate understands and applies it in the same correct way.
As preparation for standardisation each associate analyses a number of students’ scripts. Alternative
answers not already covered by the mark scheme are discussed and legislated for. If, after the
standardisation process, associates encounter unusual answers which have not been raised they are
required to refer these to the Lead Examiner.

It must be stressed that a mark scheme is a working document, in many cases further developed and
expanded on the basis of students’ reactions to a particular paper. Assumptions about future mark
schemes on the basis of one year’s document should be avoided; whilst the guiding principles of
assessment remain constant, details will change, depending on the content of a particular examination
paper.

Further copies of this mark scheme are available from aqa.org.uk

Copyright © 2019 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved.


AQA retains the copyright on all its publications. However, registered schools/colleges for AQA are permitted to copy material from this booklet
for their own internal use, with the following important exception: AQA cannot give permission to schools/colleges to photocopy any material that
is acknowledged to a third party even for internal use within the centre.

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

Information to Examiners

1. General

The mark scheme for each question shows:


• the marks available for each part of the question
• the total marks available for the question
• the typical answer or answers which are expected
• extra information to help the Examiner make his or her judgement
• the Assessment Objectives, level of demand and specification content that each question is intended
to cover.

The extra information is aligned to the appropriate answer in the left-hand part of the mark scheme and
should only be applied to that item in the mark scheme.

At the beginning of a part of a question a reminder may be given, for example: where consequential
marking needs to be considered in a calculation; or the answer may be on the diagram or at a different
place on the script.

In general the right-hand side of the mark scheme is there to provide those extra details which confuse
the main part of the mark scheme yet may be helpful in ensuring that marking is straightforward and
consistent.

2. Emboldening and underlining


2.1 In a list of acceptable answers where more than one mark is available ‘any two from’ is used, with
the number of marks emboldened. Each of the following bullet points is a
potential mark.

2.2 A bold and is used to indicate that both parts of the answer are required to award the mark.

2.3 Alternative answers acceptable for a mark are indicated by the use of or. Different terms in the
mark scheme are shown by a / ; e.g. allow smooth / free movement.

2.4 Any wording that is underlined is essential for the marking point to be awarded.

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

3. Marking points
3.1 Marking of lists

This applies to questions requiring a set number of responses, but for which students have
provided extra responses. The general principle to be followed in such a situation is that ‘right +
wrong = wrong’.

Each error / contradiction negates each correct response. So, if the number of error /
contradictions equals or exceeds the number of marks available for the question, no marks can be
awarded.

However, responses considered to be neutral (indicated as * in example 1) are not penalised.

Example 1: What is the pH of an acidic solution?


[1 mark]

Student Response Marks


awarded
1 green, 5 0
2 red*, 5 1
3 red*, 8 0

Example 2: Name two planets in the solar system.


[2 marks]

Student Response Marks awarded


1 Neptune, Mars, Moon 1
2 Neptune, Sun, Mars, 0
Moon

3.2 Use of chemical symbols / formulae

If a student writes a chemical symbol / formula instead of a required chemical name, full credit can
be given if the symbol / formula is correct and if, in the context of the question, such action is
appropriate.

3.3 Marking procedure for calculations

Marks should be awarded for each stage of the calculation completed correctly, as students are
instructed to show their working. Full marks can, however, be given for a correct numerical
answer, without any working shown.

3.4 Interpretation of ‘it’

Answers using the word ‘it’ should be given credit only if it is clear that the ‘it’ refers to the correct
subject.

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

3.5 Errors carried forward

Any error in the answers to a structured question should be penalised once only.

Papers should be constructed in such a way that the number of times errors can be carried forward
is kept to a minimum. Allowances for errors carried forward are most likely to be restricted to
calculation questions and should be shown by the abbreviation ecf in the marking scheme.

3.6 Phonetic spelling

The phonetic spelling of correct scientific terminology should be credited unless there is a possible
confusion with another technical term.

3.7 Brackets

(…..) are used to indicate information which is not essential for the mark to be awarded but is
included to help the examiner identify the sense of the answer required.

3.8 Allow

In the mark scheme additional information, ‘allow’ is used to indicate creditworthy


alternative answers.

3.9 Ignore

Ignore is used when the information given is irrelevant to the question or not enough to gain the
marking point. Any further correct amplification could gain the marking point.

3.10 Do not accept

Do not accept means that this is a wrong answer which, even if the correct answer is given as
well, will still mean that the mark is not awarded.

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

4. Level of response marking instructions


Extended response questions are marked on level of response mark schemes.
• Level of response mark schemes are broken down into levels, each of which has a descriptor.
• The descriptor for the level shows the average performance for the level.
• There are two marks in each level.

Before you apply the mark scheme to a student’s answer, read through the answer and annotate it
(as instructed) to show the qualities that are being looked for. You can then apply the mark scheme.

Step 1: Determine a level

Start at the lowest level of the mark scheme and use it as a ladder to see whether the answer meets
the descriptor for that level. The descriptor for the level indicates the different qualities that might be
seen in the student’s answer for that level. If it meets the lowest level then go to the next one and
decide if it meets this level, and so on, until you have a match between the level descriptor and the
answer.

When assigning a level you should look at the overall quality of the answer. Do not look to penalise
small and specific parts of the answer where the student has not performed quite as well as the rest.
If the answer covers different aspects of different levels of the mark scheme you should use a best
fit approach for defining the level.

Use the variability of the response to help decide the mark within the level, i.e. if the response is
predominantly level 2 with a small amount of level 3 material it would be placed in level 2 but be
awarded a mark near the top of the level because of the level 3 content.

Step 2: Determine a mark

Once you have assigned a level you need to decide on the mark. The descriptors on how to
allocate marks can help with this.

The exemplar materials used during standardisation will help. There will be an answer in the
standardising materials which will correspond with each level of the mark scheme. This answer will
have been awarded a mark by the Lead Examiner. You can compare the student’s answer with the
example to determine if it is the same standard, better or worse than the example. You can then
use this to allocate a mark for the answer based on the Lead Examiner’s mark on the example.

You may well need to read back through the answer as you apply the mark scheme to clarify points
and assure yourself that the level and the mark are appropriate.

Indicative content in the mark scheme is provided as a guide for examiners. It is not intended to be
exhaustive and you must credit other valid points. Students do not have to cover all of the points
mentioned in the indicative content to reach the highest level of the mark scheme.

You should ignore any irrelevant points made. However, full marks can be awarded only if there are
no incorrect statements that contradict a correct response.

An answer which contains nothing of relevance to the question must be awarded no marks.

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

Question 1

AO /
Question Answers Extra information Mark
Spec. Ref.

A nucleus 1 AO1
01.1 4.1.1.4
B electron 1 4.1.1.7

electron 1 AO1
01.2
4.1.1.5

3 / three 1 AO2
01.3
4.1.2.1

(atomic number) 5 1 AO2


01.4 4.1.1.5
(mass number) 11 1

isotope 1 AO1
01.5
4.1.1.5

there are the same number of 1 AO2


01.6 79 81 4.1.1.6
35Br atoms and 35Br atoms

Total 8

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

Question 2

AO /
Question Answers Extra information Mark
Spec. Ref.

H2O2 1 AO2
02.1 4.1.1.1
4.2.1.4

covalent 1 AO1
02.2
4.2.1.4

transition metals 1 AO1


02.3
4.1.3.2

B 1 AO1
02.4
4.5.1.2

A 1 AO2
02.5
4.5.1.2

exothermic 1 AO1
02.6
4.5.1.1

AO1
4.2.1.4

scores 2 marks

allow dots, crosses, circles


02.7 (-)
or e for electrons

1 bonding pair of electrons in do not accept any change to the 1


the right hand overlap number of electrons in the left
hand overlap

4 non-bonding electrons on do not accept non-bonding 1


oxygen electrons on hydrogen

ignore inner shell electrons


drawn on oxygen

Total 8

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

Question 3

AO /
Question Answers Extra information Mark
Spec. Ref.

B 1 AO2
03.1 4.1.1.1
4.1.1.2

D 1 AO2
03.2 4.1.1.1
4.1.1.2

E 1 AO2
03.3 4.1.1.1
4.1.1.2

blue food colour from a mixture of food AO2


colours 4.1.1.2
chromatography 1
copper from an alloy of copper and zinc

copper sulfate from copper sulfate


03.4
solution
crystallisation 1
ethanol from a mixture of ethanol and
water

additional line from a box negates the mark for that box

(filter) funnel containing filter 1 AO1


paper

suitable vessel for collecting 1 AO1


03.5
filtrate
AO2
sand and water labelled in 1 4.1.1.2
correct place

100 °C 1 AO2
03.6
4.1.1.2

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

any four from: 4 AO1


4.1.1.2
• solution is heated

• water evaporates allow water boils / vaporises

• the vapour cools in the


condenser
03.7
• the vapour condenses
or
the vapour turns to a
liquid

• (pure) water collects in


the beaker

Total 13

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

Question 4

AO /
Question Answers Extra information Mark
Spec. Ref.

concentration (of solution / 1 AO3


electrolyte) 4.5.2.1

temperature (of solution / ignore room temperature 1


electrolyte)
allow volume (of solution /
electrolyte)

allow size of electrodes


04.1
allow distance between
electrodes

do not accept electrode X


unqualified

do not accept (measured)


voltage

(most reactive) magnesium allow Mg 1 AO3


04.2 zinc allow Zn 4.4.1.2
(least reactive) cobalt allow Co 4.5.2.1

0 (volts) 1
AO3
two different metals are needed dependent on voltage being 1 4.5.2.1
to produce a voltage given as 0 volts
04.3
allow the two electrodes are the
same metal
allow there is no difference in
reactivity (between the
electrodes)

connect cells (in series) ignore putting cells together 1 AO1


04.4 12
use �1.5 =� 8 cells 1 AO2
4.5.2.1

electric toy 1 AO3


04.5 4.5.2.1
4.5.2.2

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

Question 4 continued

AO /
Question Answers Extra information Mark
Spec. Ref.

(advantage) AO3
any one from: 1 4.5.2.1
• faster to refuel (than 4.5.2.2
recharging)
• can travel further (before allow lasts longer
refuelling)
• hydrogen can be renewable allow hydrogen is renewable
• produces a constant voltage
• no toxic chemicals released allow the only product is water
after disposal
ignore no emissions

(disadvantage)
04.6 1
any one from:
• hydrogen is made from fossil
fuels
• hydrogen is made from non-
renewable resources
• hydrogen is difficult to store
• hydrogen is flammable /
explosive
• costs more to refuel (than
recharging)
• costs more to manufacture ignore expensive unqualified
• not many hydrogen filling
stations

Total 10

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

Question 5

AO /
Question Answers Extra information Mark
Spec. Ref.

s 1 AO2
05.1
4.2.2.2

a gas escapes 1 AO2


05.2
4.3.1.3

from 0.47 (g) to 0.86 (g) allow from 0.86 (g) to 0.47 (g) 1 AO2
05.3
4.3.1.4

an answer of 0.83 (g) scores 2


marks

an answer of 0.74 (g) scores 1


mark
05.4
0.84+0.79+0.86 1 AO3
3

= 0.83 (g) 1 AO2


4.3.1.3

independent 1 AO2
05.5
4.3.1.3

increases 1 AO2
05.6
4.3.1.3

1.3 (g) allow 1.30 (g) 1 AO2


05.7
4.3.1.3

Total 8

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

Question 6
AO /
Question Answers Extra information Mark
Spec. Ref.

an answer of 77 (%) scores 2 AO2


marks 4.3.3.2

an answer of 78.63247863 (%)


correctly rounded to at least 2
significant figures scores 1 mark
06.1
184 1
×100
(232 + 6)

= 77 (%) allow 77.31092437 (%) correctly 1


rounded to at least 2 significant
figures

an answer of 15 (kg) scores 2 AO2


marks 4.4.1.3
38 1
06.2 × 40
100

= 15 (kg) allow 15.2 (kg) 1

an answer of 102 scores 2 AO2


marks 4.3.1.2

(2 x 27) + (3 x 16) 1
06.3

= 102 ignore units 1

an answer of 89.3 (%) scores 3


marks AO2
4.3.3.1

28.4 1
×100
31.8

= 89.3081761 (%) allow 89.3081761(%) correctly 1


06.4
rounded to at least 2 significant
figures

= 89.3 (%) allow an answer correctly 1


rounded to 3 significant figures
from an incorrect calculation
which uses the masses in the
question

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

aluminium is more reactive than allow aluminium is above carbon 1 AO1


carbon in the reactivity series 4.4.1.1
4.4.1.2
4.4.1.3
(so) carbon cannot displace allow (so) carbon cannot replace 1 4.4.3.3
aluminium aluminium
06.5 or
(so) carbon cannot reduce allow (so) carbon cannot
aluminium oxide remove oxygen from aluminium
oxide
allow (so) carbon will not react
with aluminium oxide

Total 11

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

Question 7

AO /
Question Answers Extra information Mark
Spec. Ref.

sports injury pack 1 AO1


07.1
4.5.1.1

D 1 AO1
07.2
4.5.1.1

systematic error 1 AO1


07.3
4.5.1.1

polystyrene cup allow other insulating containers 1 AO1


07.4
4.5.1.1

all six points plotted correctly allow a tolerance of ± ½ a small 2


square AO2
allow 1 mark for at least 3 points 4.5.1.1
plotted correctly
07.5
line of best fit ignore extrapolation to y-axis 1

line extrapolated correctly to 1


y-axis

allow ecf from question 07.5 1 AO2


07.6 20.4 (°C) allow a tolerance of ± ½ a small 4.5.1.1
square

the mixture was not stirred 1 AO3


07.7 4.5.1.1
too little sulfuric acid was added 1

Total 11

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

Question 8

AO /
Question Answers Extra information Mark
Spec. Ref.

ignore reference to atomic


structure AO1
ignore references to Cr, Mn and 4.1.2.2
Mo
any one from: 1
• so elements / iodine /
08.1
tellurium were in groups with
similar properties
• iodine has similar properties
to Br / Cl / F / Group 7 allow corresponding argument in
• iodine has different properties terms of tellurium
to Se / S / O / Group 6

ignore reference to atomic


structure AO1
Mendeleev had predicted 1 4.1.2.2
properties of missing elements

elements were discovered (that 1


filled the spaces / gaps)

properties (of these elements) allow atomic weights (of these 1


08.2
matched Mendeleev’s elements) fitted in the spaces /
predictions gaps

if no other mark awarded, allow


1 mark for in previous versions
of the periodic table the pattern
of similar properties broke down

relative atomic mass 1 AO1


08.3
4.1.1.6

(increasing) atomic / proton ignore (increasing) electron 1 AO1


number number 4.1.2.1
08.4
do not accept relative atomic /
proton number

(formula) At2 ignore incorrect state symbol 1 AO1


4.1.2.6
08.5 (state) solid allow (s) 1
ignore s

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

any two from: 2 AO1


• flame allow burns 4.1.2.5
• (white) solid forms allow (white) smoke forms
08.6
• colour of gas / chlorine
disappears / fades

Total 10

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

Question 9

AO /
Question Answers Extra information Mark
Spec. Ref.

H+ 1 AO1
09.1
4.4.2.4

hydrochloric (acid) allow HCl 1 AO2


4.4.2.2
09.2
water allow H2O 1

burette do not accept biuret 1 AO1


09.3
4.4.2.5

27.6 (cm3) allow 27.60 (cm3) 1 AO2


09.4
4.4.2.5

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

Question 9 continued

AO/
Question Answers Mark
Spec. Ref

Level 3: The design/plan would lead to the production of a valid AO3


09.5 5–6
outcome. All key steps are identified and logically sequenced. AO1

Level 2: The design/plan would not necessarily lead to a valid


AO1 x 2
outcome. Most steps are identified, but the plan is not fully logically 3–4
sequenced.

Level 1: The design/plan would not lead to a valid outcome. Some


1–2 AO1 x 2
relevant steps are identified, but links are not made clear.

No relevant content 0

Indicative content

allow converse using acid added to alkali

Key steps

• measure the volume of acid


• add indicator to the acid
• add sodium hydroxide solution
• until the colour changes
• record volume of sodium hydroxide solution added
• repeat procedure with the other acid

Use of results

• compare the two volumes of sodium hydroxide solution to find


4.4.2.5
which sample P or Q is more concentrated

Other points

• pipette to measure volume of acid


• use a few drops of indicator
• swirl
• use a white tile
• rough titration to find approximate end point
• add dropwise near the endpoint
• read volume from bottom of meniscus
• repeat and take a mean

Total 11

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

Question 10

AO /
Question Answers Extra information Mark
Spec. Ref.

contain delocalised electrons allow contain free electrons 1 AO1


4.2.3.3
(so) electrons can move through allow (so) electrons can carry 1
the structure / nanotube charge through the structure /
nanotube
10.1
ignore throughout for through
ignore current / electricity for
charge

AO /
Question Answers Mark
Spec. Ref.

Level 2: Some logically linked reasons are given. There may also
10.2 3–4
be a simple judgement.

Level 1: Relevant points are made. They are not logically linked. 1–2

No relevant content 0

Indicative content

• wood is the least dense so lightest to use


• aluminium is the most dense so will make the racket too heavy

• carbon nanotube is the strongest so least likely to break


• wood / aluminium are too weak so the racket will break more
AO3
easily
4.2.3.3
4.2.2.7
• carbon nanotube is the stiffest so least likely to bend out of
shape
• wood / aluminium are not very stiff so could bend out of shape

• justified conclusion

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MARK SCHEME – GCSE CHEMISTRY – 8462/1F – JUNE 2019

Question 10 continued

AO /
Question Answers Extra information Mark
Spec. Ref.

an answer of 4.0 x 104 (nm2)


scores 3 marks AO2
4.2.4.1
an answer of 40344 (nm2)
scores 2 marks

(822 =) 6724 (nm2) 1

(6 x 6724 =) 40344 (nm2) allow 40344 (nm2) correctly 1


rounded to any number of
significant figures
10.3
allow correct calculation using
incorrectly calculated value of
area of one face from step 1

= 4.0 x 104 (nm2) allow 4.0344 x 104 (nm2) 1


correctly rounded to 1 or more
significant figures

allow a correctly calculated and


rounded conversion to standard
form of an incorrect calculation
of surface area

allow converse statements AO3


about fine particles 4.2.4.2
any one from: 1
10.4 • less can be used (for the ignore nanoparticles are smaller
same effect)
• greater surface area (to
volume ratio)

Total 10

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