Neuroscience and Music
Neuroscience and Music
Neuroscience and Music
It has been proved that listening to music affects the brain and the cognitive functions of it, that
music influences a great part of our life and that music has an almost magic healing power and
therefore it is used as a therapy to heal certain type of illnesses. Many studies have been
conducted and their outcome is that music is strictly related to the mental functions. In addition,
as the article “Cognitive Neuroscience of Music” by Petr Janata explains, “The organization of
Music in the brain is associated with certain brain areas, in the same way that language functions
are associated with other brain areas.” This means that music too enters in the category of the
cognitive functions and has a specific area where it resides. We learn that cognitive functions are
7 and they are: Language, perception, memory, action, attention, emotion and music. Having
said that, we shall take into account that the organization of music data may interfere with all of
the aforementioned functions or domains, but it clearly has separate neural substrates where it
acts. Indeed, for example, there have been situations in which patients that suffered of a brain
damage due to an accident lost their ability to speak (language function) but didn’t lose the
ability of understanding and recognizing music; or again other instances where patients lost their
ability to retain information (memory function) but didn’t lose the ability to remember a tune and
just simply recognizing a series of notes. It is possible that music engages all of the cognitive
functions altogether and this is the case of Music Performance. From a performer’s stand point
where he/ she is actively involved in producing sounds and not just sitting around and passively
listening, we learn that all the functions are called in and cooperate in their own different brain
areas where they reside: attention to not commit mistakes, perception of sound, memory of the
notes and musical ideas, language if there are lyrics, “covert action, such as mental imagery”
(Cognitive Neuroscience of Music) by Petr Janata. Lastly and perhaps the most meaningful and
essential side is emotions. Emotions are always involved when music is played or listened to
since it is exactly the receipt of the musical message that is conveyed, stored and cause of
feelings.
Many researchers pointed out that music has a huge influence on our motivation, confidence and
mental – physical health. For example, music serves as a stimulant in many instances: at the gym
when we focus our energy on a specific part of the body , we get “pumped up” by the music in
the background and the training quality enhances; again when we work with the laptop or do
homework we may experience a lack of attention and listening to some music could recharge our
focus; it serves as great aid when it comes to heal illnesses such as anxiety and depression.
Relaxing tunes are capable of producing hormones and dopamine in the brain and therefore re
establishing a certain balance and treating those pathologies. It has been documented that
soothing classical music helps with the insomnia: this is the genesis of the Goldberg Variations
by J.S.Bach. This piece was composed to please the dream of Count Kaiserling who, could not
fall asleep for he had a high degree of insomnia. The legend says that bach composed this busy
to put him to sleep and it worked. Of course this is more like a myth than documented, but it has
Classical music is recommended to be played for babies both in their sleep because it lullabies
them and also, when they are active and awake, listening to music inspires them to develop
cognitive functions as well as sharpens their senses, gaining more sensitivity and ultimately
learning how to be more creative and how to proper listen to human beings.