Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 23 views

    Cardans & Ferrari Method

    Uploaded by

    mahamfarooqi36

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Cardans & Ferrari Method

    Uploaded by

    mahamfarooqi36
    23 views3 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    23 views3 pages

    Cardans & Ferrari Method

    Uploaded by

    mahamfarooqi36

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Cardan’s Method

    Step – 01 Transform the given cubic equation in the standard form


    3 2
    i.e. ax +3 bx +3 cx +d=0 , a ≠ 0 ⋯ (1)
    Step – 02 Eliminate the square term by letting z=ax+b ⋯ (2)
    then the given equation will take the form
    3
    z +3 hz+ g=0 ⋯ (3)
    Step – 03 Let z= A+ B ⋯ ( 4 )
    3 3 3
     z = A + B +3 AB( A + B)
     3 3 3
    z = A + B +3 ABz
     z 3−3 ABz−( A 3+ B 3 )=0 ⋯ ( 5 )
    Step – 04 Compare eq(3) and (5)
    AB=−h ⋯ (6 a)
    3 3
    A + B =−g ⋯ (6 b)
    3
    Step – 05 Let α = A ⋯ (7 a)
    3
    and β=B ⋯ (7 b)
    are roots of some quadratic equation
    2
    i.e. t −( α + β ) t +αβ=0
     t 2−( A3 + B3 ) t+( AB)3=0
    2 3
     t + ¿−h =0 ⋯ (8)
    Step – 06 Solve eq(8) by quadratic formula to get the values of α and β .
    Step – 07 Putting the values α and β in eq(7a) and (7b) to get the values of A and B.
    Step – 08 Putting the values A and B in eq(4) to get the values of z .
    Step – 09 Putting the values z in eq(2) to get the values of x .
    Remark: Choose the values of A and B in such a way that eq(6a) and (6b) are satisfied

    EXERCISES (Cardan’s Method)

    01. 3 2
    x −15 x −33 x+ 847=0 Ans −7 , 11, 11
    02. 3 2
    x +6 x + 9 x + 4=0 Ans −4 ,−1 ,−1
    3
    1
    12 ,3 ± i √ 3
    2
    03. x −9 x +42 x−72=0 Ans
    2
    1
    04. 3
    x −18 x−35=0 Ans 5 , (−5 ±i √ 3 )
    2
    05. 3
    x +72 x−1720=0 Ans 10 ,−5 ± i7 √ 3
    06. 3
    x +63 x−316=0 Ans 4 ,−2 ± i5 √ 3
    07. 3
    x +21 x +342=0 Ans −6 , 3 ±i 4 √ 3
    Page 01

    Ferrari’s Method
    Step –01 Transform the given biquadratic equation in the standard form
    i.e. ax 4 + 4 bx 3 +6 c x 2+ 4 dx +e=0 , a≠ 0 ⋯ (1)
    Step –02 Divide eq(1) by coefficient of x 4 i.e. a
    3
    4 4b 6c 2 4 d e
     x + x + x+ x+ =0 , ⋯ (2)
    a a a a
    2
    Step –03 Let ( x 2 +lx+m ) =( nx+ p )2 ⋯ (3)
     x 4 +l 2 x 2 +m2 +2 lx 3 +2 m x 2+ 2lmx=n2 x 2 +2 npx+ p 2
     x 4 +2 lx 3 + ( l 2 +2 m−n2 ) x 2+ 2 ( lm−np ) x+ ( m2− p2 )=0 ⋯ (4)
    Step –04 comparing coefficients of eq(2) and (4)
    2 2 6c 2d 2 2 e
    l +2 m−n = lm−np= m −p =
    2b a a a
    l=
    a 2 2 6c 2d 2 2 e
    n =l +2 m− np=lm− p =m −
    ⋮ a a a
    (a) ⋮ ⋮ ⋮
    (b ) (c ) (d )
    Step –05 Squaring both sides of eq( c ) and putting the value of n and p from eq( b ) and ( d ) to get
    2 2

    ( )( )( )
    2
    6c 2 2 e 2d
    l +2 m−
    m − = lm− ⋯ (5)
    a a a
    Step –06 eq(5) is a cubic in m . Solve eq(5) to find m .
    Step –07 Put any value of m in eq( b ) and ( d ) to find the values of n and p respectively.
    Step –08 Choose values of n and p such that eq(c ) is satisfied.
    Step –09 Put the values of l , m, n and p in eq(3).
    Step –10 Take square roots on both sides of the equation obtained in Step –09
    i.e. x 2+ lx+m=± ( nx + p )
    Step –11 Solve the two quadratic equations for x , which is the solution of the given biquadratic
    equation

    EXERCISES (Ferrari’s Method)

    4 3 2
    01. x −10 x +35 x −50 x+ 24=0 Ans m=5 ; 1 , 2, 3 , 4
    1
    02. 4 2
    x −3 x −42 x −40=0 Ans m=3 ;−1 , 4 , (−3 ±i √ 31 )
    2
    4 2
    03. x −10 x −20 x−16=0 Ans m=−3 ;−2 , 4 ,−1± i
    −1
    ; ω , ω ,−1 ± √ 3
    2
    04. 4 3 2
    x +3 x + x −2=0 Ans m=
    2
    05. 4 3 2
    x −8 x −12 x +60 x+ 63=0 Ans m=−12 ;−1 ,3 , 3 ± √30
    4 3 2
    06. x +2 x −7 x −8 x+ 12=0 Ans m=−4 ; 1 , ±2 ,−3
    4 2 2
    07. x + x +1=0 Ans m=1 ; ± ω , ± ω
    1 1
    08. 4 3 2
    x −2 x −5 x +10 x −3=0 Ans m=−1 ; (−1 ± √13 ) , ( 3 ± √5 )
    2 2
    4 3 2
    09. x −4 x +20 x −64 x +64=0 Ans m=10 ; 2 , 2 ,± 4 i
    10. 4 2
    x −2 x +8 x−3=0 Ans m=1 ;−1± √ 2 ,1 ± i √ 2
    Page 02

    You might also like