Vishwakarma Government Engineering College

Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering

PRACTICAL NO: 10

AIM: - IoT based Smart Billing System

OBJECTIVES:
1. Objective of Smart Billing System

2. Overview of Smart Product Identification tools in bill generation

3. Design Arduino based smart Billing System

4. Benefits of Smart Billing system in context to Industry 4.0.

Rational
The world is at the onset of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and this revolution is very much driven by
the smarts in automating decision making and processes. Advancements in IT has resulted in immense
improvements in computational power across nearly all electronic devices and enhanced capabilities in
connecting the dots in an increasingly networked society. Industry 4.0 concerns the transformation of
industrial processes through the integration of modern technologies such as sensors, communication,
and computational processing. Technologies such as Cyber Physical Systems (CPS), Internet of Things
(IoT), Cloud Computing, Machine Learning, and Data Analytics are considered to be the different
drivers necessary for the transformation.
Introduction
Nowadays, thousands of obedient smarts devices exits around us which offer comfort and happiness.
All smart devices are embedded with suitable connectivity, smartness to take decision by itself, use
cutting edge technology and finally provide every helps wanted from it.

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The IoT and IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things) are the use of smart sensors and actuators to improve
manufacturing and industrial processes. IIoT is an important part of what is described as the Fourth
Industrial Revolution or Industry 4.0. IIoT provides the opportunity to utilize the power of smart
machines and real-time analysis to take advantage of the data that machines have produced in industrial
settings for years.
The concept of linking QR code information to the Internet was simple but powerful. If all objects in
daily life were equipped with identifiers and wireless connectivity, these objects could be
communicating with each other and be managed by computers. QR code and sensor technology enable
computers to observe identify and understand the world without the limitations of human entered data.
Electronics companies are building Wi-Fi and cellular wireless connectivity into a wide range of
devices. Latest research estimates over five billion wireless chips will ship in 2013. Mobile data
coverage has improved significantly with many networks offering broadband speeds. While not perfect,
battery technology has improved and solar recharging has been built into numerous devices.
The application of Smart billing based on IoT is one of the potential effort has been developed
in recent year. Smart billing system utilized the principle of product identification tag to read and log
the product information in computing machines without manual entry. There are mainly three types of
product identification tag i.e.
1) Barcode
2) QR Code
3) RFID card
Shopping mall, which is a retail business, assume an imperative part in India's financial
improvement, there are still a few issues in its stock administration, grocery stores, settlement and
different angles, genuinely confining the intensity of ventures. Shopping mall is a place where people
get their daily necessities ranging from food products, clothing, electrical appliances etc. Sometimes
customers have problems regarding the incomplete information about the product on sale and waste of
unnecessary time at the billing counters. Continuous improvement is required in the traditional billing
system to improve the quality of shopping experience to the customers. Now day’s numbers of large as
well as small shopping malls has increased throughout the global due to increasing public demand &
spending. At the time of festivals, special discounts, holidays, etc. there is a huge rush in shopping

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Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering

malls. The use barcode reading technique in such situations always results in waste time since customer
has to wait till whole items get scanned.
The smart billing system helps customers while shopping. The trolley has an automatic billing
system and it follows the movement commands provided by the user by using an android application
that was installed in customers mobile. The products purchased by the customer and their cost will be
automatically updated to the android application and that bill will automatically send to the
administrative system in the shop through the Internet of Things (IoT). This helps customer by
replacing tedious process of pulling and pushing the trolley and saves time spent in the billing counter
The client enters the shopping Centre where he/she has taken a trolley to buy a commodity. If
the consumer wants to buy. He/she puts some commodity in the trolley. The QR Code Reader is
included. The QR code Reader reads the product. The QR code reader is linked to the product of the
Arduino processor and inserts the product and costs on the LCD panel. When the consumer applies the
charges to the overall bill one by one product in a trolley. If you want to delete any product, you can
uninstall any product easily. After completing shopping, the LCD monitor deletes the name and price of
the product from the trolley to indicate the final billing of the product. The final billing information of
all goods is thus transmitted through the ESP module to the billing counter. The ESP module is a Wi-Fi
module that provides counter-billing information. At the counter, customers pay a bill and leave the
mall.
2. Overview of Smart Product Identification tools in bill generation
Within the scope of Industry 4.0, refer the following system which provides the information and/or
identification of products/task/or objects.
1. Barcode system
2. QR-Code
3. RFID
1. Barcode
A barcode, consisting of bars and spaces, is a machine-readable representation of numerals and
characters. Today, stripes as shown below on packages of products sold at supermarkets, convenience
stores and other stores are ubiquitous. These are barcodes. A barcode consists of bars and spaces of
varying width that can be read with an optical barcode scanner.

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Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering

Application
The barcode are very common method which spe
speaks
aks about the product information. We found
everywhere surround us like in Mall, Department stores, Library etc.
Barcode Components

Fig-1: Barcode Details

2. QR-Code

A QR code (Quick Response code) is a type of matrix barcode (or two-dimensional

dimensional barcode) invented
in 1994 by the Japanese automotive company Denso Wave. A barcode is a machine readable optical
label that can contain information about the item to which it is attached.

In practice, QR codes often contain data for a locator, identifier, or tracker that points to a website or
application. A QR code uses four standardized encoding modes (numeric, alphanumeric, byte/binary,
and kanji)) to store data efficiently; extensions may also be used.

Fig-2: Patterns of QR-Code

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Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering

The Quick Response system became popular outside the automotive industry due to its fast readability
and greater storage capacity compared to standard UPC barcodes. Applications include product
tracking, item identification, time tracking, document management, and general marketing.

A QR code consists of black squares arranged in a square grid on a white background, which can be
read by an imaging device such as a camera, and processed using Reed–Solomon error correction until
the image can be appropriately interpreted. The required data is then extracted from patterns that are
present in both horizontal and vertical components of the image.

Fig-3: QR-Code Scan by Android Mobile camera

3. RFID-Radio Frequency Identification Card

“Radio Frequency Identification technology is essentially a data capture technology, much like
barcoding,” However, unlike barcoding, which uses a pattern of black bars and white spaces, in which
the information is coded, an RFID tag uses a small electronic chip for the same which is surrounded by
an antenna. Also, unlike the barcode, an RFID tag does not need to be very close to the reader or, even
in the line of sight of the same. One just simply has to be within a reading distance from the scanner.

Fig-4: RFID Construction and Card Image

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Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering

3. Design Arduino based smart Billing System

An Arduino based smart Billing System is shown in figure-5. The main heart of the system is ESP-32
camera module, which scan items having valid QR code. Once scanning is over the information
contains in the code will logged in to Arduino board (Embedded Controller) though FTDI (Future
Technology Devices International) cable..
Arduino will processed over the information received from ESP-32 CAM module and first send
it for local display on 16x2 LCD display as well transmit wirelessly through Zigbee protocols to
Android app. The system available with few useful commands like Increment/decrement item counts,
deletion of the item if necessary and final/OK for final entry. All these will do using concerned
pushbutton which is connected to Arduino board.
Zigbee receiver of an android mobile gets the product information and makes it visible in
android app. Once shopping over the app will generate final bill for the customers within the optimal
time.

Fig-5: IoT based Smart Billing System

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Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering
Working Principle:
It has 2 transmitter section and receiver section. The client enters the shopping Centre where
he/she has taken a trolley to buy a commodity. If the consumer wants to buy. He/she puts some
commodity in the trolley. The QR code scanner is included. The QR code scanner reads the product as
in the trolley. The QR code scanner is linked to the product of the Arduino processor and inserts the
product and costs on the LCD panel. If the consumer applies the charges to the overall bill one by one
product in a trolley or want to delete any product, he/she can do easily. After completing shopping, the
LCD monitor will indicate the final billing of the product. The final billing information of all goods is
thus transmitted through the ESP module to the billing counter. The ESP module is a Wi-Fi module that
provides counter-billing information. At the counter, customers pay a bill and leave the mall.
COMPONENTS USED:
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
• Arduino uno
• Power supply
• QR code module
• LCD display
• WIFI module
• ZigBee module
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:
• Arduino IDE

Conclusion:

Assignments:
1. Discuss the benefits of QR code over RFID card in general.

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