National Conference On Emerging Trends In Information, Management And Engineering Sciences NC’e-TIMES #1.

0- 2018

RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS

Automatic Billing of Smart Shopping Cart by

Using RFID and ZIGBEE
Gangadhara Reddy P1, Rishika. G2, Sai Amani. B3, Urmila. G4
1
Assistant Professor,Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
2,3,4
Students, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
Aditya College Of Engineering,Madanapalle, A.P.

Abstract:
Now-a-days shopping is increasing rapidly. People take the items and put it into trolley. After shopping they go at the billing counter
for billing but there are many people standing in queue for billing purpose. So more time is required for the individuals for billing because
of existing barcode technology. To reduce this time we have implemented a system which is based on RFID technology[3]. The system
contains the items attached with RFID tags. The cart is interacting with the main server and it will have the facility to generate the bill for
all the products added into the cart. The proposed system will be helpful for avoiding queues in shopping malls for billing. The customer
can identify the location of product in shopping malls with automatic billing. With the proposed design there is no conventional queue
system instead of that automatic billing is generated and hence the shopping becomes easy and enjoyable.

Keywords — Smart cart, RFID reader, RFID tags, ZIGBEE

I. INTRODUCTION RFID reader and the number of items purchased are already
entered in to the cart before reaching up to the counter. There
Frequently people encounter a problem of spending too will be elimination of queue.
much of their time waiting in queues for billings their After the card is swiped, the number of items are read by
purchases in different shopping centers, malls and RFID Reader and they are enter into cart before one reach to
supermarkets. Waiting in-queues negatively affects human the counter, queues would be eliminated. Another important
morale and may cause misunderstandings or conflict amongst technology used in Smart Cart system is called ZIGBEE
people for instants,when someone breaks the line and stands wireless communication, which is one measure to reduce the
infront of other people[2]. The proposed system aims to waiting time of customer’s is to introduce an intelligent
eliminate this problem by introducing a novel alternative to billing system using electronic Smart Cart as an alternative to
traditional billing methods, speeding up the payment process. existing barcode system. Smart cart allows a customer to
The Arduino UNO is a microcontroller board.It has on manually perform billing without relying on cashier by means
Atmega328 M.C. It contains 14 digital input and output pins. of swiping the RFID tags over RFID reader. Unlike barcode
So our aim is to design automatic billing system which is system, smart cart does not need any visual contact with
based on RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) technology. barcodes which may get distorted in real life situations. All
The smart cart uses a serial interface and receives its data about purchased products and user account data are
power from sources like a card reader. A smart card is like a stored in a cloud database in the Internet. Then, smart cart
chip card. It is a plastic card that contains an embedded shows this information to customers on its display.
computer chip-either a memory or microcontroller type that A customer can delete an item from the list whenever he
store and transacts data. This data usually associated either or she wishes by selecting subtraction button. If the customer
value, processed within the cards chip. The card data is decides to finish purchasing, there's a total button press is
transacted via a reader that is part of computing system. The required to upload all purchased product data and their total
smart shopping systems usually require other auxiliary cost to billing counter PC through ZIGBEE. Once all payment
wireless communication systems but the proposed system we data is sent to the PC, total cost is withdrawn from the
are using called as ZIGBEE wireless communication registered account cash of the customer and the customer can
(especially low-cost) to perform indoor positioning and freely pass the anti-theft gate with the purchased products.
product information broadcasting Thus, the dual-antenna II. ARCHITECTURE
RFID reader is adopted in the developed SSC to identify the The technology currently used in checkouts at supermarket
items in the cart (internal antenna) and out of the cart is barcodes, which is developed in the1970s .Today barcodes
(external antenna ). A customer when purchases item after is found on almost every item. Barcodes are a universal
swiping card the prize and number of item are read by the technology in that they are the norm for retail products; stores

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that own a barcode reader can process barcodes and imprint it be identified with RFID tags and each shopping cart must
on the products. The most important factor that is involved in have an RFID reader. The range of the RIFD reader must not
barcode scanning is that the product should be in the Line of extend beyond the horizontal shopping cart limits so that
Sight (LOS) of the reader in order to get the barcode reading products inside other shopping carts or on shelves
imprinted on the product scanned. Thus Shopping in the does not happen. Nevertheless, range cannot be less than the
present day usually involves waiting online to get your items cart’s limits with consequence of not identifying products
scanned for checkout. During a shopping excursion to a that are inside the shopping cart but out of the reader’s range.
shopping mall, you would have noticed the cashier scanning The RFID reader should be able to read all the tags no matter
your products using some Laser device to produce a bill. the material (paper, plastic, metal, etc)they are inserted into.
What actually he is doing that he is reading the product The usage of RFIDs in this solution comprehend benefits such
barcodes using a Laser/Barcode scanner. Barcode scanner as increasing safety and the consequent reduction in product
reads the code, data is sent to the computer, and computer loss, reduced human intervention and error, increased speed in
looks up into the database for the price and description of the involved processes, unique identification of products with
item[4]. Barcodes are structured to contain specific product additional information and availability of real-time
related information. It basically encodes alphanumeric information, amongst others.
characters and symbols using black and white stripes, also By using RFID technology there are many advantages like
called bars. Bar-coding is one of the AIDC (Automatic RFID tags can be read from a greater distance than barcodes,
Identification and Data Collection) technologies. RFID tags don’t need to be positioned in line of sight with the
Some major drawbacks of existing systems are barcode scanner, RFID tags can be read at faster rate than barcodes,
scanners need a direct line of sight to the barcode to be able to RFID tags are read/write devices, RFID contains high level of
read, and in order to read barcodes the scanner needs to be security, RFID tags are more reusable, RFID tags carry large
quite closer, Barcodes have no read or write capabilities; they data capabilities such as product maintained, shipping history
do not contain any information such as expiry date etc. They and expiry date etc, and by using this technology bills can be
are very labour intensive, Barcode have less security than paid very easily and quickly And it also removes the waiting
RFID, and Barcodes are more easily prone to damages, in a line to get the item scanned for checkout.
Waiting in a line to get your items scanned from barcodes in
supermarket for checkout is the major drawback. 16*2 LCD:
These drawbacks are overcome by a new system that LCD means Liquid crystal display this means 16
describes how to build an automated and time saving system characters per line by 2 lines[1]. The standard is referred as
for the world of retail which will make shopping experience HD44780U, refers to controller chip which receives data
impetuous, customer friendly and secure[2]. The proposed
from external source and communicates directly with LCD.
system uses RFID agent-based architecture that adopts
intelligent agent technology with an RFID based applications.
EM-18 READER MODULE:
RFID provides capability to uniquely identify an object within
This EM-18 RFID Reader module operates at
a supermarket area, while agents are able to establish a
channel of communication which can be used to facilitate 125KHZ. An on-chip antenna and can be powered up with a
communications between a RFID device and supermarket 5V power supply. Power up the module and to receive pin of
back-end system. The proposed framework includes a design the microcontroller. The card within the reading distance
of intelligent mobile shopping cart equipped with both RFID would be and card number is thrown at the output.
and agent technologies. As a result of using the proposed
RFID agent based architecture, the customer shopping USE OF RFID:
experience will be improved due to ease of retrieving of the The use of RFID – means radio frequency
detailed information on items and quick checkout by scanning
all items at once, thus eliminating queues. From supermarket identification technologies is growing. Many different
management point of view the proposed architecture will applications are implemented in various sectors and used for
reduce the cost of operation e.g., decreasing cost of goods very different purposes. RFID enables wireless data collection
sold which comes in the form of labour efficiency in areas of by Readers from electronic tags attached to embedded in
checkout operation, inventory management and alerting the objects ,for identification and other purposes.
supermarket management when a certain product is running
out of stock and needs to be restocked. The main MAX – 232:
technological objective for our present solution is the usage of The MAX 232 is an integrated circuit created in
RFID technology for the automatic product identification 1987 by Maxim integrated products. It converts signal from
inside the shopping cart thus eliminating consumer
RS-232 serial port to signals. It’s a dual transmitter and dual
intervention in the process of product reading for payment.
Nowadays, the usage of barcode for product identification receiver. Typically use Rx , Tx , CTS , RTS signals.
presents several limitations. RFID technology is more
resistant, safer, identifies products in a unique way, can ZIGBEE S2C:
provide other types of information, can make several DIG internationally as recently introduced the new
simultaneous readings, doesn’t need line-of-sight and it has a Zigbee S2c module. The previous s2 & the transmitted s1
high range. So that automatic product identification is both are discontinued. The new module is powerful with both
possible all existing products inside the supermarket need to UART & SPI communication. It utilizes silicon labs EM 375

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transceiver. It improves on the transmit power and data 4. BILLING:
protocol which allows you to create complex mesh networks After the above phase i.e., (communication between
based on the zigbee mesh firmware. The zigbee modules , PC and hardware) the billing of items take place in smart
which means you can plug it on the slandered Arduino, zigbee shopping cart. Also total bill would be printed. If any product
shield like DF-robot IO expansion shield. according to customers wish is not neede d those can be
III.WORKING OF THE SYSTEM removed and the price of that product gets reduced and bill
would be printed.
In proposed system, one product is attached for identifying
the device and it is fit to the trolley. For demo purpose only The working flow of the system is as shown in fig.3:
one trolley and only one device is taken. For billing purpose,
there is one billing server at the counter side. The information
which needs to be printed in the bill sends through network.
Here ZIGBEE is used as the network. At the counter side,
billing server gets information which is send by ZIGBEE
transmitter. The format of billing or receipt is in
application[3]. Application gets executed and it prints bill.
The proposed system consists of:
1.Transmitter
2.Receiver
3.Communication between PC and Hardware
4.Billing

1. TRANSMITTER:

POWER
SUPPLY

LCD
RFID
READER
ARDUINO ZIGBEE
MODULE

BUZZER
Fig. 3 Flow chart of displaying the bill

IV. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:

Fig. 1 Block diagram of Transmitter
1. Add the product.
2. RECEIVER:

ZIGBEE MAX PC
MODULE 232

Fig. 4 Adding a prduct

Fig. 2 Block diagram of receiver
2. Display the item cost.
3. COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PC AND HARDWARE:
The hardware connections are mentioned in the above
figure. As LCD, RFID Reader are interfaced with
Arduino.With the help of RFID Reader and ZIGBEE the
communication would be developed between PC and
hardware.

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 Fig. 5 Displaying the cost. [2]. P.Ravi, Harshitha, Jayalakshmi R,Kavya Rani S R
Assistant Professor,
sor, Dept of CSE, Vidyava
Vidyavardhaka college of
3.Adding another product engineering, Mysore,
ysore, Karnataka, India on “supermarket
billing system using RFID and ZIGBEE”IJRTER
ZIGBEE 2017.

[3]. Ganesh Deshmukh et all.,PCCOE,India,”Automatic

Billing Trolly using RFID and ZIGBEE”with android
application rewarding system” on IJAREEIE 2016
Fig 6 Adding of next product.
[4]. Raju Kumar, k. Gopala Krishna, “Intelligent shopping
4. Calculate the total cost. cart” in IJESIT july 2013.

AUTHOR’S PROFILE:

P.Gangadhara Reddy presently working as a

Assistant Professor of Electronics and
Communication Engineering Department in Aditya
Fig.7 .To calculate the total cost College of Engineering, Madanapalle,A.P., India.He received
M.Tech in LICS from Sri Venkateswara university College of
5. Remove the existing product Engineering,Sri Venkateswara University,Tirupati and Obtained
Obtaine
B.Tech in ECE from Rajiv Gandhi College of Engineering &
Technology,Nandyal. Currently He pursuing Ph.D degree from Sri
Venkateswara University,Tirupati. His Research Areas include
Image & Signal Processing and Communication systems.

G.Rishika is a IV year ear B.Tech ECE student in

Fig.8 To remove the product Aditya College of Engineering, Madanapalle,A.P.,
Madanapalle,
India. Her interested Research Areas are Embedded
6. Display the bill. Systems & VLSI.

B.Sai Amani is a IV year B.Tech ECE student in

Aditya College of Engineering,
Madanapalle,A.P.,India. Her interested Research
Areas are Embedded Systems & VLSI.

G. Urmila is a IV year B.Tech ECE student in Aditya

College of Engineering, Madanapalle,A.P., India. Her
interested Research Areas are Embedded Systems &
VLSI.

Fig. 9 Total bill.

The above figure shows the product taken and product

removed from trolley.

REFERENCES:

[1]. Komal Machhirke, Priyanka Goche,Rupali Rathod,Rinku

Petkar,Manohar Golait, Department of EXTC Engineering
SSPACE, Wardha. ‘’A New Technology of Smart Shopping
cart using RFID and ZIGBEE’’.

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