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    Chemical Analysis of Dental Alloys - 220417 - 142707

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    omarelwazeer5555
    The document discusses the chemistry of dental ceramics. It provides an introduction about dental ceramics and their properties. It then discusses the historical evolution of dental ceramics from early ceramics used over 200 years ago to current developments in metal-free ceramic systems.

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    Chemical Analysis of Dental Alloys - 220417 - 142707

    Uploaded by

    omarelwazeer5555
    4 views2 pages
    The document discusses the chemistry of dental ceramics. It provides an introduction about dental ceramics and their properties. It then discusses the historical evolution of dental ceramics from early ceramics used over 200 years ago to current developments in metal-free ceramic systems.

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    Chemical analysis of dental alloys_220417_142707

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    The document discusses the chemistry of dental ceramics. It provides an introduction about dental ceramics and their properties. It then discusses the historical evolution of dental ceramics from early ceramics used over 200 years ago to current developments in metal-free ceramic systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as txt, pdf, or txt
    4 views2 pages

    Chemical Analysis of Dental Alloys - 220417 - 142707

    Uploaded by

    omarelwazeer5555
    The document discusses the chemistry of dental ceramics. It provides an introduction about dental ceramics and their properties. It then discusses the historical evolution of dental ceramics from early ceramics used over 200 years ago to current developments in metal-free ceramic systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as txt, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Faculty of dentistry - tanta University

    Name : omar galal mohamed megahed


    Search about : Chemistry of dental ceramics

    1- Introduction

    Dental ceramics are materials that are part of systems


    designed with the purpose of producing dental prostheses
    that in turn are used to replace missing or damaged dental
    structures. The literature on this topic defines ceramics
    as inorganic, non-metallic materials made by man by the
    heating of raw minerals at high temperatures.
    Ceramics and glasses are brittle, which means that they
    display a high compressive strength but low tensile strength
    and may be fractured under very low strain (0.1%, 0.2%).
    As restorative materials, dental ceramics have disadvantages
    mostly due to their inability to withstand functional forces
    that are present in the oral cavity. Hence, initially, they
    found limited application in the premolar and molar areas,
    although further development in these materials has enabled
    their use as a posterior long-span fixed partial prosthetic
    restorations and structures over dental implants. All dental
    ceramics display low fracture toughness when compared
    with other dental materials, such as metals.
    Metal ceramic systems combine both the exceptional
    esthetic properties of ceramics and the extraordinary
    mechanical properties of metals. Some metals used as
    restorative materials in dentistry may constitute a problem
    for some patients. These problems may reveal themselves
    as allergies,gum staining and release of metallic ions
    into the gingival tissue and the gingival fluid.These drawbacks, as well as the
    search for more esthetic materials
    by patients and dentists, have stimulated research and
    development of metal-free ceramic systems.
    The main objective of this work is to review ceramic
    dental materials, including their most relevant physical and
    mechanical properties
    2- HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF DENTAL CERAMICS
    Current dental ceramics are far from the early
    ceramics that started being used over 200 years
    ago. Early records of the first ceramics used as
    dental materials date back to 1774, when French
    apothecary Alexis Duchateau and Parisian
    dentist Nicholas Dubois de Chemant
    manufactured the first complete ceramic denture.
    There are reports of complete dentures being
    manufactured earlier by French dentist Pierre
    Fauchard, although these dentures were
    fabricated in a different class of ceramic, namely enamel [4].
    The initial use of ceramic materials in dentistry
    was in the obtention of complete dentures. Early
    in the 19 th century, Italian dentist Giuseppangelo
    Fonzi was capable of manufacturing individual
    ceramic teeth attached to a metallic substructure
    which, in turn, was attached to complete
    dentures. The restoration of individual ceramic
    teeth in the oral cavity was delayed until the late
    1800s, when Logan constructed ceramic teeth
    fused to metallic posts so that these posts could
    function as an intraradicular retention for the
    restoration [4, 5].
    The method to manufacture dental prostheses
    during the second half of the 20 th century was
    through the fusion of ceramics and metallic
    structures that could function as a core. Metal ceramic systems combine both
    the exceptional
    esthetic properties of ceramics and the extraordinary mechanical properties of
    metals
    [1]. Some metals used as restorative materials in
    dentistry may constitute a problem for some
    patients. These problems may reveal themselves
    as allergies [6], gum staining [7, 8], and release
    of metallic ions into the gingival tissue [9] and
    the gingival fluid [10]. These drawbacks, as
    well as the search for more esthetic materials by
    patients and dentists, have stimulated research and development of metalfree
    ceramic systems.
    During the last 40 years, research has focused on
    improving metalfree systems and developing
    superior materials regarding esthetics and
    clinical performance to offer patients several
    alternatives to restore missing or damaged teeth.

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