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LIMITS

OBJECTIVES

x +h − x
1. lim
h→0
=
h

1 1
(a) (b)
2 x x

(c) 2 x (d) x

x −1
2. lim =
x →1 2x − 7x + 5
2

(a) 1/3 (b) 1/11

(c) –1/3 (d) None of these
n
3. lim =
n →∞ n + n +1

(a) 1 (b) 1/2

(c) 0 (d) ∞
sin ax
4. lim =
x →0 sin bx

(a) a/b (b) b / a

(c) 1 (d) None of these
x
5. lim =
x →0 | x | +x 2

(a) 1 (b) –1
(c) 0 (d) Does not exist
sin α − cos α
6. lim =
α →π / 4 π
α−
4

(a) 2 (b) 1 / 2

(c) 1 (d) None of these

1 + sin x − 1 − sin x
7. lim
x →0
=
x

(a) –1 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) –2

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xe 1 / x
8. lim =
x →0 + 1 + e1/ x

(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) ∞ (d) None of these
x (e x − 1)
9. lim =
x →0 1 − cos x

(a) 0 (b) ∞
(c) –2 (d) 2
10. lim x log(sin x ) =
x →0

(a) –1 (b) log e 1

(c) 1 (d) None of these

( x + 2)5/3 − (a + 2)5/3
11. lim =
x→ a x−a
5 5
(a) (a + 2) 2 / 3 (b) (a + 2)5 / 3
3 3

5 2/3 5 5 /3
(c) a (d) a
3 3

 x3 
 sin x − x + 
12. lim  6 =

x →0
 x5 
 

(a) 1/120 (b) –1/120

(c) 1/20 (d) None of these
1 − cos 2 x
13. lim =
x →0 x

(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) 4
e1/x − 1
14. lim =
x →0 e1/ x + 1

(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) –1 (d) Does not exist
sin x − x
15. lim =
x →0 x3

1 1
(a) (b) −
3 3

1 1
(c) (d) −
6 6

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x 2 − tan 2 x
16. lim =
x →0 tan x

(a) 2 (b) –2
(c) 0 (d) None of these
g(x ) f (a) − g(a) f ( x )
17. If f (a) = 2, f ' (a) = 1, g(a) = −1; g' (a) = 2 , then lim =
x →a x −a

(a) 3 (b) 5
(c) 0 (d) –3
 13 + 2 3 + 3 3 + ....... + n 3 
18. lim  =
x →∞ 
 n4 

1 1
(a) (b)
2 3

1
(c) (d) None of these
4

log x
19. lim =
x →1 x −1

(a) 1 (b) –1
(c) 0 (d) ∞
1 − cos x
20. lim =
x →0 sin 2 x

1 1
(a) (b) −
2 2

(c) 2 (d) None of these

cos x − cos a
21. lim =
x →a cos x − cot a

1 1
(a) sin 3 a (b) cosec 2 a
2 2

(c) sin 3 a (d) cosec 3 a

x 2 + a2 − x 2 + b 2
22. lim =
x →∞
x 2 + c2 − x 2 + d 2

a2 − b 2 a2 + b 2
(a) (b)
c2 − d 2 c2 − d 2

a2 + b 2
(c) (d) None of these
c2 + d 2

x .2 x − x
23. lim =
x →0 1 − cos x

(a) 0 (b) log 4

(c) log 2 (d) None of these

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tan x − sin x
24. lim =
x →0 x3

1 1
(a) (b) −
2 2

2
(c) (d) None of these
3

x n − 2n
25. If lim = 80 , where n is a positive integer, then n=
x →2 x−2

(a) 3 (b) 5
(c) 2 (d) None of these
1 + cos 2 x
26. lim =
x →π / 2 (π − 2 x )2

(a) 1 (b) 2

1
(c) 3 (d)
2

(1 + x )n − 1
27. lim =
x →0 x

(a) n (b) 1
(c) –1 (d) None of these
e sin x − 1
28. lim =
x →0 x

(a) 1 (b) e
(c) 1/e (d) None of these
(1 + x )1 / 2 − (1 − x )1 / 2
29. lim =
x →0 x

(a) 0 (b) 1/2

(c) 1 (d) –1
1 − cos θ
30. lim =
θ →0 θ2

(a) 1 (b) 2
1 1
(c) (d)
2 4

1 − cos mx
31. lim =
x →0 1 − cos nx

(a) m /n (b) n / m
m2 n2
(c) 2
(d)
n m2

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1+ x − 1−x
32. lim =
x →0 sin −1 x

(a) 2 (b) 1
(c) –1 (d) None of these
(a + h) 2 sin(a + h) − a 2 sin a
33. lim =
h→0 h

(a) a cos a + a 2 sin a (b) a sin a + a 2 cos a

(c) 2 a sin a + a 2 cos a (d) 2 a cos a + a 2 sin a

| x − 2|
34. lim =
x →2 x−2

(a) 1 (b) –1
(c) Does not exist (d) None of these
sin 3θ − sin θ
35. lim =
θ →0 sin θ

(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 1/3 (d) 3/2
36. lim [ x (a 1 / x − 1)] , (a > 1) =
x →∞

(a) log x (b) 1

1
(c) 0 (d) − log
a

sin(e x − 2 − 1)
37. If f (x ) = , then lim f ( x ) is given by
log( x − 1) x →2

(a) –2 (b) –1
(c) 0 (d) 1
eα x − e β x
38. lim =
x →0 x

1
(a) α+β (b) +β
α

(c) α2 − β2 (d) α − β
 x , when x > 1
39. If f (x ) =  2 , then lim f (x ) =
 x , when x < 1 x →1

(a) x2 (b) x

(c) −1 (d) 1

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2/x
 ax + b x + c x 
40. The value of lim  
 ; (a, b, c > 0) is
x →0 3
 

(a) (abc )3 (b) abc

(c) (abc )1 / 3 (d) None of these
c + dx
 1 
41. If a, b, c, d are positive, then lim  1 +  =
x → ∞ a + bx 

(a) ed /b (b) e c / a
(c) e (c + d ) /(a + b ) (d) e

 sin( x + a) + sin(a − x ) − 2 sin a 

42. lim 
x →0 
=
x sin x 

(a) sin a (b) cos a

1
(c) − sin a (d) cos a
2

43. The value of lim x m (log x )n , m, n ∈ N is

x →0 +

m
(a) 0 (b)
n

(c) mn (d) None of these

3+x − 3−x
44. lim
x →0
=
x

(a) –1 (b) 0
1
(c) 3 (d)
3

 
45. lim  x + x + x − x  is equal to
x →∞ 


1
(a) 0 (b)
2

(c) log 2 (d) e 4

46. lim {(1 − sin x ) tan x } is
π
x→
2

π
(a) (b) 1
2

(c) 0 (d) ∞

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cosec x
 1 + tan x 
47. lim  
x → 0  1 + sin x 
is equal to

1
(a) e (b)
e

(c) 1 (d) None of these

π − cos −1 x
48. is given by
x → −1 x +1

1 1
(a) (b)
π 2π

(c) 1 (d) 0

log(a + x ) − log a log x − 1

49. lim + k lim = 1, then
x →0 x x →e x −e

 1
(a) k = e 1 − 
 a

(b) k = e (1 + a)
(c) k = e ( 2 − a)

(d) The equality is not possible

x +b
x +a
50. lim   =
x →∞  x + b 

(a) 1 (b) e b − a
(c) e a−b (d) e b
x3 − 8
51. The value of the limit of as x tends to 2 is
x2 − 4

3
(a) 3 (b)
2

(c) 1 (d) 0
 3x − x 3  1 − x2  f (x ) − f (a) 1
52. If f (x ) = cot −1  

and g(x ) = cos −1  ,

then lim , 0 <a < is
 1 − 3x
2
 1 + x
2
 x →a g(x ) − g(a) 2

3 3
(a) (b)
2(1 + a 2 ) 2(1 + x 2 )

3 3
(c) (d) −
2 2

n
 n 
53. lim  
n → ∞ n + y 
equals
 

(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 1/v (d) e − y

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(1 + x )1 / x − e
54. lim
x →0
equals
x

(a) π /2 (b) 0
(c) 2/e (d) – e / 2
a sin x − 1
55. lim =
x → 0 b sin x − 1

a b
(a) (b)
b a

log a log b
(c) (d)
log b log a

(1 − cos 2 x ) sin 5 x
56. The value of lim is
x →0 x 2 sin 3 x

(a) 10/3 (b) 3/10

(c) 6/5 (d) 5/6
log x n − [ x ]
57. lim
x →∞
, n ∈ N , ([ x ] denotes greatest integer less than or equal to x)
[x ]

(a) Has value –1 (b) Has value 0

(c) Has value 1 (d) Does not exist

 a+x − a−x 
58. The value of lim 
x →0
 is
 x 

(a) 1 (b) 0
(c) a (d) 1 / a

sin −1 x − tan −1 x
59. lim is equal to
x →0 x3

(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) –1 (d) 1 / 2
4 x − 9x
60. lim =
x →0 x (4 x + 9 x )

2 1 3
(a) log   (b) log  
3 2 2

1 2 3
(c) log   (d) log  
2 3 2

61. lim [ x ] = , (where [.] = greatest integer function)

x →3

(a) 2 (b) 3
(c) Does not exist (d) None of these

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a cot x − a cos x
62. lim =
x →π / 2 cot x − cos x

(a) log a (b) log 2

(c) a (d) log x
sin(π cos 2 x )
63. lim =
x →0 x2

(a) −π (b) π
(c) π /2 (d) 1
f (x ) − 1
64. If f (1) = 1, f ′ (1) = 2 , then lim is
x →1 x −1

(a) 2 (b) 4
(c) 1 (d) 1/2
S n +1 − S n
n
65. If Sn = ∑ a and lim a
k =1
k
n →∞
n = a, then lim
n →∞ n
is equal to
∑k
k =1

(a) 0 (b) a
(c) 2a (d) 2a

e x − e −x
66. lim
x →0
is
sin x

(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) Non existent
1 1 1 1 1
67. The value of lim + + + + ... + is equal to
n →∞ 1 . 3 3 . 5 5 .7 7 . 9 (2n − 1)(2n + 1)

(a) 1/2 (b) 1/3

(c) 1/4 (d) None of these
x x x  x 
68. The value of lim cos   cos   cos  ... cos  n 
n →∞
is
 
2    
4 8 2 

sin x
(a) 1 (b)
x

x
(c) (d) None of these
sin x

1
69. lim (1 − ax ) x =
x →0

(a) e (b) e − a
(c) 1 (d) e a

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(x + 1)10 + (x + 2)10 + ..... + (x + 100 )10

70. lim is equal to
x →∞ x 10 + 10 10

(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 10 (d) 100
2x
 a b 
71. If lim  1 + + 2  = e 2 , then the values of a and b are
x →∞ x x 

(a) a = 1, b = 2 (b) a = 1, b ∈ R

(c) a ∈ R, b = 2 (d) a ∈ R, b ∈ R
log( 3 + x ) − log( 3 − x )
72. If lim = k, then the value of k is
x →0 x

1
(a) 0 (b) −
3

2 2
(c) (d) −
3 3

 1 2 n 
73. lim + + ... + is equal to
n →∞
1 −n 2
1−n 2
1 − n 2 

1
(a) 0 (b) −
2

1
(c) (d) None of these
2

 sin[ x ]
 , when [ x ] ≠ 0
74. If f (x ) =  [ x ] where [x] is greatest integer function, then lim f ( x ) =
x →0
 0, when [ x ] = 0


(a) –1 (b) 1
(c) 0 (d) None of these
 1 4 9 n2 
75. lim  + + + ........ + =
n →∞ n 3
 +1 n +1
3
n +1
3
n + 1 
3

(a) 1 (b) 2/3

(c) 1/3 (d) 0
1 − (10 )n −α
76. If lim
n → ∞ 1 + (10 )n +1
= , then give the value of α is
10

(a) 0 (b) –1
(c) 1 (d) 2
1 1 1 1
77. lim + + + ... + n equals
n →∞ 2 22 23 2

(a) 2 (b) –1
(c) 1 (d) 3

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x

78. The value of lim ∫

cos t 2
x →0
0
dt is
x

(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) −1 (d) None of these
[(a − n) nx − tan x ] sin nx
79. If lim = 0, where n is non zero real number, then a is equal to
x →0 x2

n +1
(a) 0 (b)
n

(c) n (d) n + 1
n

2x −1
80. lim =
x →0 (1 + x )1 / 2 − 1

(a) log 2 (b) log 4

(c) log 2 (d) None of these

log[1 + x 3 ]
81. The value of lim =
x →0 sin 3 x

(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 3 (d) None of these

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LIMITS
HINTS AND SOLUTIONS

1. (a) Apply L-Hospital rule,

2. (c) Apply L-Hospital’s rule.
1 1
3. (b) nlim = .
→∞ 1 2
1+ 1+
n

sin ax a sin ax bx a
4. (a) lim = lim = .
x →0 sin bx x →0 b ax sin bx b

5. (c) Apply L-Hospital‘s rule .

6. (a) Apply L-Hospital’s rule,
7. (b) Apply L-Hospital‘s rule,
x
8. (a) lim =0 as e −1 / x → 0 when x → 0+
x →0 + 1 + e −1 / x

x (e x − 1) 2 x (e x − 1)
9. (d) lim = lim
x →0 1 − cos x x → 0 4 . sin 2 x
2

 
 ( x / 2) 2  ex −1
= 2 lim     = 2.

x →0
 sin 2 x  x 
 2 

10. (b) lim x log sin x = lim log (sin x ) x = log [ lim (sin x ) x ]
x →0 x →0 x →0

 x (sin x −1) 
= log  lim (1 + sin x − 1) sin x −1 
 x →0 

lim x (sin x −1)

= log e [e x → 0 ] = log e 1 .

f (x ) f ′(x )
11. (a) Apply the L-Hospital‘s rule, lim = lim .
x →a g(x ) x → a g ′(x )

12. (a) Apply L-Hospital’s rule

2
x . 2 sin 2 x  sin x 
13. (a) lim = 2 . lim   ⋅ lim x = 0 .
x →0 x2 x →0 x  x →0

 e1 / x − 1 
14. (d) f ( x ) =  1 / x , then
e + 1 

 1 
e 1 / h 1 − 1 / h 
 e1 / h − 1   e  =1
lim f (x ) = lim  1 / h  = lim
x → 0+ h→ 0 e
 + 1  h → 0 1 / h  1 
e 1 + 1 / h 
 e 

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Similarly lim f (x ) = −1 . Hence limit does not exist.

x→0−

15. (d) Apply L-Hospital’s rule.

 2 tan 2 x 
x  x − 
16. (b) lim  2x  = −2 .
x →0 tan x

f (a)[g(x ) − g(a)] − g(a)[ f ( x ) − f (a)]

17. (b) lim
x →a [ x − a]

= f (a)g ′(a) − g(a) f ′(a) = 2 × 2 − (−1) (1) = 5 .

2
 1
1 + 
 n 1
18. (c) lim = .
n →∞ 4 4

1
log x
19. (a) Apply L-Hospital’s rule, lim = lim x = 1
x →1 x − 1 x →1 1

20. (a) Apply L-Hospital’s rule two times.

cos x − cos a  − sin x 
21. (c) lim
x → a cot x − cot a
= lim   = lim sin 3 x = sin 3 a .
x → a  − cosec 2 x 
  x →a

 c2 d2 
 1+ + 1+ 
(a 2 − b 2 )  x2 x 2  a2 − b 2

22. (a) lim = 2 .
x → ∞ (c 2 − d 2 )  2  c −d2
a2 b
 1+ + 1+ 
 x2 x2 
 

x .(2 x − 1) 2x −1 x2
23. (b) lim = lim .
x →0 1 − cos x x →0 x 1 − cos x

x2
= log 2 . lim = (log 2) . 2 = 2 log 2 = log 4 .
x →0 x
2 sin 2
2

tan x − sin x sin x − sin x cos x

24. (a) lim 3
= lim
x →0 x x →0 x 3 cos x

 x  
sin x  2 sin 2   x 
sin 2
 2  sin x 2 2 .1= 1 .
= lim = lim . .
x →0 x 3 cos x x →0  x cos x  x  2 4  2
   
 2 

x n − 2n
25. (b) lim = n . 2 n −1 ⇒ n. 2 n −1 = 80 ⇒ n = 5 .
x →2 x −2

π θ
26. (d) put π − 2x = θ ⇒ x = −
2 2

27. (a) Apply L-Hospital’s rule.

28. (a) Apply L-Hospital’s rule
29. (c) Apply L-Hospital’s rule
30. (c) Apply L-Hospital’s rule
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1 − cos mx m sin mx m 2 cos mx m 2

31. (c) lim = lim = lim 2 = 2 .
x →0 1 − cos nx x →0 n sin nx x →0 n cos nx n

32. (b) Let sin −1 x = y ⇒ x = sin y

1 + sin y − 1 − sin y
So lim
y →0
=1
y

33. (c) Apply L-Hospital’s rule,

| x −2| | 2−h−2|
34. (c) lim = lim = −1
x →2− x−2 h→0 2 − h − 2

| x −2| | 2+h−2|
and lim = lim =1
x →2+ x −2 h →0 2 + h − 2

Hence limit does not exist.

sin 3θ − sin θ sin 3θ sin θ
35. (b) lim = lim − lim
θ →0 sin θ θ → 0 sin θ θ → 0 sin θ

3
= − 1 = 2.
1

 a1 / x − 1 
36. (d) lim x (a 1 / x − 1) = lim 
x →∞ x →∞  1 / x

 

1/ x
[eloge a − 1] 1
= lim = log e a = − log e .
x →∞ 1/ x a
sin (e x − 2 − 1)
37. (d) lim f (x ) = lim
x →2 x → 2 log ( x − 1)

sin (e t − 1)
= lim , {Putting x = 2 + t}
t →0 log (1 + t)

sin (e t − 1) e t − 1 t
= lim . .
t →0 et −1 t log (1 + t)

 
sin (e t − 1)  1 t   1


= lim . + + ...  ×
e −1 1 ! 2 !    1 − 1 t + 1 t 2 − ...  
t →0 t
 
 2 3 

e αx − e βx e αx − 1 − e βx + 1
38. (d) lim = lim
x →0 x x → 0 x

e αx − 1 e βx − 1
= α lim − β lim = α .1 − β .1 = α − β .
x →0 αx x →0 βx

39. (d) lim f (x ) = 1 = lim f (x ) .

x →1 − x →1 +

40. (d) Standard formula.

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c + dx
c + dx  a + bx  a + bx
41. (a)  1  1  
lim  1 +  = lim  1 +   = e d /b
x →∞  a + bx  x → ∞ 
 a + bx  


 a + bx
 1  c + dx d
∵ xlim 1 +  =e and lim = .
 → ∞  a + bx  x →∞ a + bx b

(cos x − 1) (1 − cos x )  x 
42. (c) lim 2 sin a .
x →0
= −2 sin a . . 
x sin x x2  sin x 

2 sin 2 (x / 2)
= lim − 2 sin a . 2
= − sin a .
x →0
 x   sin x 
4   
2  x 

(log x )n
43. (a) lim x m (log x )n = lim
x →0 + x →0 + x −m

44. (d) Apply L-Hospital’s rule two times.

  x+ x+ x −x
45. (b) lim  x + x + x − x  = lim
x →∞  x →∞
 x+ x+ x + x

x+ x 1 + x −1/2 1
= lim = lim = .
x →∞ x →∞ 2
x+ x+ x + x 1 + x −1 + x −3/2 + 1

sin x − sin 2 x
46. (c) lim {(1 − sin x ) tan x } = lim
x →π / 2 x →π / 2 cos x

Apply L-Hospital’s rule,

47. (c) Given limit = lim[(1 + tan x )cosec x × 1 /(1 + sin x )cosec x ]
x →0

= lim [{1 + tan x )cot x } sec x × {1 /(1 + sin x )cosec x }]

x →0

1 1
= e sec 0 . = e . = 1.
e e

48. (b) Put cos −1 x = y . So if x → −1, y → π

π − cos −1 x π − y
∴ lim = lim
x → −1 x +1 y →π 1 + cos y

49. (a) Apply L-Hospital’s rule to find both the limits.

a −b
 x +b 
x +b x +b
 x +a  a−b   a − b  a −b 
50. (c) lim   = lim  1 +  = lim  1 +   = e a −b .
x →∞  x + b  x →∞  x +b  x →∞ 
 x +b 
 

51. (a) L-Hospital's rule, we get

52. (d)

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n
  −1

n   −n  n
n  1  = lim 1 + y  = lim 1 + y   = e − y .
53. (d) nlim   = lim 
→∞  + y  n →∞  y  n →∞  n n → ∞  n 
 n
1 +   
 n 

1 1
[log(1+ x )]
54. (d) (1 + x ) x =ex

1 x 2 x3 x 4   x x 2 x3 
 x − + − +....  1 − + − + .... 
=e =
x 2 3 4   2 3 4 
e
 x x2 x3 
− + − +.... 
 2 3 4 
= e.e  

 2 3   x x2 
2 
  − x + x − x + ...  − + x3 
− + ... 
  2 3 4 

 2
 3 4  
= e + + ... 
 1! 2! 
 
 

 ex 11 e 2 
= e − + x + ... + ... 
 2 24 

 ex 11 e 2 
(1 + x )1 / x − e  e − 2 − 24 x + ... e 
∴ xlim
→0
= lim 
x →0

x  x 
 

 e 11 e 
⇒ lim  − −
x →0 
x + ...  = −
e
.
2 24  2

a sin x − 1 a sin x − 1 sin x

55. (c) lim = lim × sin x
x →0 b sin x
− 1 x → 0 sin x b −1

1 log a
= log e a × = .
log e b log b

(1 − cos 2 x ) sin 5 x 2 sin 2 x sin 5 x

56. (a) lim = lim
x →0 x 2 sin 3 x x →0 x 2 sin 3 x

 sin 5 x 
 
 2 sin 2 x   x 
= lim  
x →0  x 2   sin 3 x 
 
 x 

 sin 5 x 
2 5 lim  
 sin x  x →0  5 x  2 × 5 10
= lim 2   × = = .
x →0  x   sin 3 x  3 3
3 lim  
x →0  3 x 

log x n − [ x ] log x n [x ]
57. (a) lim = lim − lim = 0 − 1 = −1.
x →∞ [x ] x → ∞ [x ] x → ∞ [x ]

 a+x − a−x   ( a + x − a − x )( a + x + a − x ) 
58. (d) lim   = lim  
x →0
 x  x →0  x( a + x + a − x ) 

 2x  2 1
= lim  = = .
x →0  x ( a + x + a − x )  a+ a
  a

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59. (d) Applying L-Hospital’s rule,

60. (a) L-Hospital’s rule,
61. (c) lim [3 + h] = 3 and lim [3 − h] = 2
h →0 + h →0 −

∴ lim [ x ]
x →3
does not exist.

 a cot x − a cos x   a cot x −cos x − 1 

62. (a) lim   = lim a cos x 
 x →π / 2  cot x − cos x 

x →π / 2 cot x − cos x
   

 a cot x − cos x − 1 
= a cos(π / 2 ) lim   = 1 . log a = log a .
x →π / 2 cot x − cos x 
 

 cos(π cos 2 x ).π . 2 cos x (− sin x ) 

63. (b) Limit = lim  

x →0 2x
 

 − sin x 
= lim π cos(π cos 2 x ). cos x . 
x →0  x 

64. (a) Applying L-Hospital’s rule

S n +1 − S n a n +1
65. (a) We have lim = lim =0
n →∞ n n →∞ n (n + 1)
∑k
k =1 2

66. (c) Applying L-Hospital’s rule,

1  1 1 1 1 1  1 1 
67. (a) lim  1 −  +  −  +  −  + .... +  − 
n →∞ 2  3 3 5 5 7  (2n − 1) (2n + 1) 

1  1  1
= lim
n→∞ 1 − 2n + 1  = 2 .
2  

68. (b) We know that

sin 2 n A
cos A cos 2 A cos 4 A.... cos 2 n −1 A =
2 n sin A

x
Taking A= , we get
2n

 x   x  x x sin x

cos  n  cos  n −1  ... cos   cos   =
2  2  4 2  x 
2 n sin n 
2 

x x  x   x 
∴ lim cos   cos  ... cos  n −1  cos  n 
n →∞ 2 4 2  2 

sin x sin x ( x / 2 n ) sin x

= lim = lim = .
n →∞  x  n →∞ x sin ( x / 2 n ) x
2 n sin  n 
2 

69. (b) lim [1 + (−a) x ]1 / x = e − a .

x →0

( x + 1)10 + ( x + 2)10 + ...... + ( x + 100 )10

70. (d) lim
x →∞ x 10 + 10 10

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 1
10
 2
10
 100  
10
x 10  1 +  + 1 +  + ... +  1 +  
= lim  x  x   x  
= 100 .
x →∞  10 
10
x 1 + 10 
10

 x 

 a b 
71. (b) Since, lim  1 + + 2  = e 2
x →∞  x x 

2 (ax +b )
 x2  x
 ax + b  ax +b 
∴ lim  1 +   = e2
x →∞ 
 x2  
 

2(ax + b )
2(ax + b )
⇒ lim e
x →∞
x = e 2 ⇒ lim
x →∞
= 2 ⇒ 2a = 2 ⇒ a = 1
x

Thus a =1 and b∈R.

log( 3 + x ) − log( 3 − x )
72. (c) lim =k
x →0 x

1 1
+
By L-Hospital’s rule, lim 3 + x 3 − x =k ⇒ 2
=k .
x →0 1 3

 1 2  n
73. (b) nlim
→∞ 
+ + ..... + 
1 − n 1−n 1−n 
2 2 2

Σn 1 n2 + n 1
= lim = lim =− .
n→∞ 1 − n 2 2 n → ∞ 1−n 2
2

74. (d) In closed interval of x = 0 at right hand side [x] = 0 and at left hand side [ x ] = −1 . Also [0]=0.
 sin [ x ]
 (−1 ≤ x < 0 )
Therefore function is defined as f (x ) =  [ x ]
 0 (0 ≤ x < 1)


∴Left hand limit = lim f (x ) = lim

x →0 − x →0 −
sin [ x ]
[x ]

sin (−1)
= = sin 1 c
−1

Right hand limit = 0. Hence limit doesn't exist.

1 2 + 2 2 + 3 2 + ..... + n 2 Σn 2
75. (c) Given limit = lim = lim
n →∞ 1+n 3 n → ∞ 1 + n3

 1  1
1 +   2 + 
1 n (n + 1) (2n + 1) 1  n  n
= lim = lim
n →∞ 6 1+n 3 n → ∞ 6  1 
 3 + 1
n 

1 2 1
= .1. =  .
6 (1)  3 

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 1 n 
(10 )n   − 1
1 − (10 )n  10   1
76. (c) lim = lim =−
n → ∞ 1 + (10 )n +1 n →∞ n +1  1  10
(10 )  1 + n +1 
 10 

∴α = 1 .

  1 n 
1 −   
1 1 1 1 1   2  
77. (c) y = lim + 2 + 3 + ....... + n = lim
n →∞ 2 2 2 2 n →∞ 2  1
1 − 
 2

 1 
lim 1 − n  = 1 − 0 = 1
n→∞  2 

78. (b) lim ∫

cos t 2 dt
0
x →0 x

Applying L- Hospital rule, we get

x

lim
∫ 0
cos t 2 dt
= lim
cos x 2
=1.
x →0 x x →0 1

sin nx  tan x 
79. (d) lim n . lim  (a − n)n − =0
x →0 nx x →0  x 

⇒ n((a − n)n − 1) = 0 ⇒ (a − n)n = 1 ⇒ a = n +

1
.
n

2x −1 2 x log 2
80. (b) lim = lim
x →0 (1 + x )1 / 2 − 1 x →0 1
2
(1 + x ) −1 / 2

= 2 log 2 = log 4.

log(1 + x 3 ) 3 x 2 /(1 + x 3 )
81. (b) lim = lim
x →0 sin 3 x x → 0 3 sin 2 x cos x

 1  x 2 1  1 1
= lim    .  = .(1)2 . = 1 .
x → 0  1 + x 3  sin x  cos x 1+0 1
 

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