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    Measurement of Three Phase Reactive Power.

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    Murugan R

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Measurement of Three Phase Reactive Power.

    Uploaded by

    Murugan R
    31 views5 pages

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    31 views5 pages

    Measurement of Three Phase Reactive Power.

    Uploaded by

    Murugan R

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Measurement of Three Phase Reactive Power Using Single Phase Wattmeter

    1. INTRODUCTION

    Reactive power is a quantity that is normally only defined for alternating current (AC) electrical
    systems. Our interconnected grid is almost entirely an AC system where the voltages and currents
    alternate up and down 50 times per second (not necessarily at the same time). In that sense, these
    are pulsating quantities. Because of this, the power being transmitted down a single line also
    “pulsates” - although it goes up and down 100 times per second rather than 50. This power goes
    up and down around some “average” value - this average value is called the “real” power and over
    time you pay for this in kilowatt-hours of energy. If this average value is zero, then all of the
    power being transmitted is called “reactive” power. You would not normally be charged for using
    reactive power because you are consuming some energy half the time, and giving it all back the
    other half of the time - for a net use of zero. To distinguish reactive power from real power, we
    use the reactive power unit called “VAR” - which stands for Volt-Ampere-Reactive. Voltage in
    an electrical system is analogous to pressure in a water system. Current in an electrical system is
    analogous to the flow of water in a water system.

    Vi Microsystems Pvt. Ltd., [1]


    Measurement of Three Phase Reactive Power Using Single Phase Wattmeter

    2. REACTIVE POWER MEASUREMENTS IN THREE PHASE CIRCUITS

    In case of balanced three phase circuits , it is simple to use a single wattmeter to read the reactive
    power. The current coil of the wattmeter is connected in one line and the pressure coil is
    connected across the other two lines as shown in fig.1.refering to phasor diagram of this circuit
    shown in fig.2.

    Fig.1. Reactive Power measurement with One Wattmeter

    Current through the coil = I2

    Voltage across the pressure coil = V13

    Therefore reading of wattmeter

    = V13I2 cos ( 90 + N ) = %3 VI cos ( 90 + N ) = - %3 VI sin N

    Total reactive volt amperes of the circuit

    Q = 3VI sinN = (- %3 ) × reading of wattmeter

    Phase Angle N = tan-1 Q/P

    Vi Microsystems Pvt. Ltd., [2]


    Measurement of Three Phase Reactive Power Using Single Phase Wattmeter

    Fig.2.Phasor Diagram

    Vi Microsystems Pvt. Ltd., [3]


    Measurement of Three Phase Reactive Power Using Single Phase Wattmeter

    3. EXPERIMENTAL SECTION

    AIM

    To measure 3N reactive power using one single phase wattmeter.

    APPARATUS REQUIRED

    1. 3N Variac (5A) - 1no

    2. PEC13ACC1 Inductor - 3no

    3. Voltmeter 300V AC - 1no

    4. Ammeter(0-5A) - 1no

    5. Patch Chords

    CONNECTION PROCEDURE

    1. Connect 3N AC supply to the 3N variac input terminals.

    2. Connect R- phase output of 3N variac into the ammeter 5A terminal and connect com
    terminal of ammeter to inductor 120mH terminal, then connect wattmeter com with that
    point.

    3. Connect Y phase output of 3N variac into ‘M’ terminal of wattmeter.

    4. Connect L terminal of wattmeter to another inductor 120mH terminal.

    5. Connect B phase output of 3N variac into 120mH terminal of inductor and connect 600V
    terminal of wattmeter at that point.

    6. Connect the voltmeter between R&Y phase terminals.

    7. Short all 0mH terminals of the inductor.

    Vi Microsystems Pvt. Ltd., [4]


    Measurement of Three Phase Reactive Power Using Single Phase Wattmeter

    CONNECTION DIAGRAM

    EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

    1. Initially keep the 3N variac in minimum position.

    2. Now give the 3N AC input supply to the variac.

    3. Gradually vary the variac and note down the voltmeter, ammeter and wattmeter readings
    for each step and tabulate it.

    4. Calculate the power and phase angle using formula.

    Note: Don’t vary the variac above 4A.

    Vi Microsystems Pvt. Ltd., [5]

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