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. =4= +E ,\l=Jal ral^l "Jalz +=J6l= ,\laJ
^ldz0ll^l
. C+= =oa1=
'Jol-=alz ++6|-= ,l.l=Jal-+=J= =ol+= ,l.l=J
. E^l= ,J.f=Jal Eel-+= /.FJ
. €dfzt^l=el-=
71tl= E= lFJaf EH-J6I= /.|-aJ
. E= +a1=
. =ol
TIHJ=
^FJal.-zElgdl=
+^l8ul^l ^FJ Eel-+al= ,\FJ
7t4= ,l.l=Jal
= =z

6lcrrapterl-"-!dol=
F2 ljf,Je J.eflu 1=t tt=71
=a-
ol Ezllb r4sE xll$$ Hzl v}9611, rquTt qBZl HElrl}xl +e+61
4ol 6sqlq+. +E "-14:z4ge+ 4ed r4Ezl rq4 glg a"JLl+.
='+d , 'GzY, E a^l Arlq qgH-' '71* E*glz' €ir+ as ++ql d+
,
++H €ril CBg +g + 9+qq.

+== g"f3 r=JE _r.=d^lg.

=r
.J^l: EE rJ+l^l= q=, ,J== 6|J46l7l 9l5l| qal 7l^l :E+= trl/.l4l El=rll
_9.,
^18?l
d EE E|1A|.o_E -d a.4q1 q=E 47"/"71 '71-Ll= 6l+011 3Lr olAt
Eltltl'z tHEJ:eIr., rlSo=. 22/"71 '=ilLf ldal^l ee 4 Elt!+'r.
=+=2ooloLl Elfl
:il+Lltrl. lEel 'ztrl= 6t+oll 4Ti 01.g El+!rl'r LH-J--J /.FJoI
, '0fq tf^l^l gJ=rl'= 11%8E H+Lltt.4o17l= q= 4.J-.J TltlloJ d
4E 7?J=
^lz,\ltrf.
e rld|"Jsl 6l+ ztrl d+laJ @ 418?.lel 6l+ Ztrl d+laJ
60 60

48

36

24

12

3Tl 4t Otl ."1 0

3TJ 4T! 0Tl

@ Ztrl 4HlaJ @ Ztrl +HlaJ

800 400
700 350
600
300
500
250
400
(E?I :E E)
(E9l :d E)

20081J 20091J 20101J 20111J 20101J 20111J

01 7
=7t
€rH
J-Zflu ll+oil^l '7.1tr1'el zJalEJc=JEol Lfg ,iolef= a= qla-g + flaLl+ '3Li 0l
g? +t"t , 'AIt olc' ? 20v", 'o|ql trl^l^l ?J=tKOTt)'= 110/"oll^l €-J= *= + 9t#
Llrf.

GEI
O

8
I

| Chapter 1-"iColE
 EJ 11=71
EI=t- 0106l=
Er olq4= uJ l=21' +€e +tL ++lel €+ gg Fg"l4 zll"J. rl4
fel 7lb -s.€91 q+ 4€+ HIS$ *4+,'il+ tr-%lq^J Llt+E "J+=
olqe Hl+eE "J"*e ag ++6il,<J ullffi sc6l= E4Eq+. =a
ol E4l= €71 +l6|^J= tszle+ 4xl9 q+= A $q^J d4 tr-="+g ol4+ Et
g rel +dql^J FIE
'll€€ i*dloF Elq+. =61 rrlzl'r+ ^l*E 4Elzl E4l
E E + 9l= 4€-oloe €. -Jqr+. +4lE Ezl dgl se
=!s+ =q"t
-F?l +d dq,(l(o-@)E q€€ trlEl +elql +H +41= Ezlzl trl €+qEl.
^lzl

x tr|.8 rHdl-= E E_::. olclE + ?l= g= red^lg..

o uJl. oll zla_ flqg-.

€> ql. Tlrl& *ql 9lqls.
@ Lll. F ^lrJol+ ts*qs.
@ '-ll. xl= ?l E o ejr 6lls.

€EH
'Of^l'P 'Gltr golLf !E= Glgzl ElTlDl^l /.lz0l
AIEH tl -Br'= LfEfLH= "J0lq
^lLfoF
-+ trC,\l/ztl^l -J? /.lzoll tH-zf t1]EJo-e 4tr-EtLltf.

GB
@

or=r1 l9
x 7t4
^l4l
€+qql^J= r+4 ^l^ll= +4tJ ql F^t+ €+^19 qzlq 44= +Etq=
€ql^'-91/9.-' I a'Jqlqq.
. gtrl
- HS.4
. z.lE+
- 1t4
' E+ - 99.4
. +oJ e !-Hqg?
. E^l+ql^J ++flqe.

TIP " il f'lX'!

E[|AI 8g EAI EE
.4^l €trJ AlFsfLltl.
.71€_ / olEdl^le? "' -(e)e 71.'Jol9.
-=Ell cl=l1l dl^?
-48 -1o)=nl H+ 4Eol0ile. / ++ g0l= ?l= ggtole. 1 -1o)=al Hl.
=
. ztq -(-e.)a1-r.9. /-7lE:ilolg. / gee "'-dqg. / tlB+E1= "'-(e)alr-g.
.34 / -ot/oilq H^lls.
-(o.)^lle.
.++ -(-9.)= + glol9.? 7 -(e)E
oJ / +Ef6t|e.
=ale? trfgol=e.
.+E L1l. / -ollq/qoFellle. / -"^I/?L/gtrlLl
. _eg -ol/o1/q +^la+Ll71l? / -ol/o1/q-E qa+Azp
'fl-e E-g + ?l= zqls.
.il+ -7)l^l ... -_=E 6l-I11.Q..
. AIEJ _El|9.
.€H E= : -tltrJtllg.
. rlloJ -ol/o1/q ==!)1le? 7 -1o;=afl_e? / -ol/o|/q =DE? / olpl =4!ole.
.+= -r #3qle.
. alg -ot/o1/q =z)Dl?? , --- -1o1=nl9?
.€3 e0l -^1.
'=:-L -ot/q/q H+.
. at9l -?t/fl/H^le?
.+al tzLE E=tr ". -L119. / -(9)=,J la-{o19.
. trl"J -?t/fl/HoE
=X,!qe.

l0 lChapterl-"-!!olE
El =_7 4tr-d =dE 11=71
En 4€+ BF +€e Ee q+E tr-+g "l6ll6lq +€. ql+g +
a_e7\',
+6]= bqg +€6lzl +l+ aEq+. tsxlg+ €zl9 4+= Hzl4 €zl
,l ++ql g qFg-s .J*e 4€: reE Ez]71
=r
ol f,izllE e F ^l+E=4lEqq.
'Jg E+ A =qot qlq+.
+71 +16ll^l= Hzle+ €zl
g^l+9 "J+ q^l*E ++g 54^J 9rlBol ++q qBZl qFgzl "J +
9zl 4l+"Jrl+. +E €zl4 H-xl9 Etzl'r+'Jq^J +€-ql tr €€l"1 a4qs
_=. utzlq ql+= 5q +Eql^J Rq+. +Zl +89 9ol +sg qlE 9l
q= =E+
+zl +Eq 'gEf , 'H.xl' , 'q^J'4E s€ol glgH HIE l
=ql, =q
g€ 49"11 gg g 7l-bC ol azl uIEEqEl. qEl *9x19 +41= ulet6l= a
E +sqlq+. t^lel +61. +H4 4g"J A+ 4++ '€B-+i-J E ql+ +€
"lzl ruEoil Hrt+ol
q+q g Bt€ ++6171d+qq.

N rlE qal= E Ea q^f7l olcl^l -g gE-g--+ g"J= a= red,\lg..

'J^l q7l Hl. /.faJol {el^l ?lol. +l^l?

q^f =
+l-d 471 Hl.0l=lzl +E'J ?teE ?lC-=F EJlEll.
= ^1alr.
qalql^j trl7f Ll=r1l? olrl^l +a+ H|,. gE L|l elF= flol^l
'JIl- '#c|fl0ta
tl. Ll= qt=oll Tl,\l Z.J-d Sfixl^l e+E= +d]| g1l. ,Jtf =
g E?J ,\f-Jol
4alrl ?loLl77f E4 el-ot -d+l 119oll EaJ d|1+].

q^l 3, g?tol. E4 el. =

@ Eg g4=4.
@ reql d+++.
@ E+sE gEzl+.
@ 444 ^lgg !e4 ^ile+.
€IlEg)
q^lTf Olcl,\l -=F "J5= ,i=ts E^ll= -J^lef q^lel +eF= +el'p1l Ar-EJe oJE
6f= A0l 69.-slL-ltf. -J^f= 'J71rl01lAal^l ?t=
=r
E_z q^rcllzl 119oll Esf6H=af
^f#=
r. ++6fH-Z, q^f= g?,f+r 4EJ6ffiaL]+.
GEI
@

ot 111
=r1
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t.^t+ €+^t qz} Flql Eq^J rqlot 6l= l*+"1+ B+lCg'++Bqq.

. ffiq= q€r{l *P"11"} 6lls?
. xl+ zlo| fl9.

TIP o ll +"13!
E1|+ 8A EJal Ed
. zJ,\l : 0|., Lll. elf_slLltrh.
. rJ-.J += : EEal "' -o^l.l?j./fr= EJltll9..
. E-d EaJ : gE ... -ol/o1/q +Ill9..
. Eel ra}|. g9tcl.
. EAJ -(o.)^ll.. / !^1... -01/q/q E^11e. / -ot/o1/q +^11e.
. E^IJ -gt/g/HLt? / -t
ral|e.
. +EJ -(g.)ea|l? / -(9.)E oJ Ell?
.+3 ...-9t/fl+Llrl.
L1l.
. += + Zl4 : ol', "Jtrl. -0f/ollq0F4ol9.
.#E : a4 ... -(0)=119. / =tH, g9tol. / rat|ot4lLllg. / L1l, -E= 6|.4l+Llrl' /
ql, E4 ^l=
^ll7lilal6l4,laLl+. / Lll, 7l,'.lrl9. / -ollol/04oflol9.
.I]|+ q€.. ^l+o-E
-ol/ol/qot
.419_f -(9')E 9J El=rll. / -ol/o1/qoFdLlls. / +d "' -01./ol/q Ht.
.4fl -ol./ol/qot Etl.

.8+ -^1.
'-"1+ 7l=61|e. -(o.)E E1|9..
. EJOJ :aJc1l '.' -?/E "' -?t/fi./gLtg? / -ol/ol/q E^14!aLl77l? I -ot/ol/q *qe?

12 lChapterl-4ColE
4^ll+ Ll|Etrl%Pl
.I+ nlqldlTl' +€e ql+= bqg rll+ ,I+E $lE
a
"ll+
oe. 5g 4e"rt ,Je =l =461=
4+ rs= +417t €zllErl4. zll"J4"J Rsl., 7t4, 7t
€, +r^ FE +"Jt xleE ^F&dlq +g + 9l= E4lEqq. drd99lrJ Ez
qE6l= +Cg rqg ql .I+ +sl bqe Ezl FgE +s+ €zl F€
^ll+
ol+r g + 9+q+.

4-1 El|tr|t=
4apg "Jq+.E *^l*ol Ez, irt*"l eEq qBg "Jrltrl. aBg
;e
EF q,^lH-E BHq^J *g + gl=El. +d s-^l+g 4+€. €lql fl^lH-ol I
B 'Jg E4 4l*g + glzl 418.il s^l*'JE e qlq+. dql s
g F?l I'lA + dqzl(e-@)g *++g glqFH=qotBg *zlzl =71
9 €6.1
^lzl
+. cBe 'I+r+ +ee 4*"1 "1.14 +^16lz+ sqts"J .I+e 4*zl
=e
EJ:e rrE dQzlE +#6141 $la 4€€ +ql6lE+ Elqq.

trl== LHEaI gil6t= A= red^le.

=-r. e
-1.mp3

q^l : dg.J, +alLlalel r|1E4?.! d5 "J+ 47loJ u|=ol ^l.altr 9lTloll ^l-drlr
6l-=tll9?
"J+ nl=01 EE 4218 +g:d ^l 20q
t-J^l : Lll. +4 LJ
'Joll oleJ +l7l0ll ^l6H trF
o_e ftela+Llrf. +al ul=3 r+al EEloil^l+El 5g-g €Ee 4^t7l 4
_1. e.aj5ft LJg lFJel llaJ= Eol-g .\E=gLlrl. 6.1^ltrJ 7lg=g l=01
^
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^1lrHoil
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ul=E= 6Hiildlts ?l? 9]+17t +^l Lr= 0l0t7lal-r. 84-dulll. ?atg f=
:Er-Lltrl.
EEI= r{=0ll Et|-d trlEEl0l0F
^l7l= ^lfloil,(lalE ^lflr40l
e "J+ ;Al+g dg ^il{qzll "Jzlzl E++.
@ "J+ Al+e gH.+Ei qleH "J4 4zlol4.
@ ql4lg +46171+14^J ,{E+g 4416}= 1"14.
@ zlHE9 AlE d+# +;<16l= q r*e Hl+g Ee+.

or t3
=zt I
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o'J+ r,\l# #e llll|lollAloJTlTl BJrl. - "J+,\rl# #= ,\lltt|ollAlo])l7l flq 7lg
=J ?l+= 711?la 9l+LllL
=ol ql{lol ++6H^l
@ ql#= +46f71 9l6H^l ul==J= loltl.. 6H^ll-zf
6t|^116f=
- ^lL='J=
rf= ol+= gial]+.
=rd+- Lre HIE€ 7lg=e ++Ll 0F+ C+
@ TIZE=?
^rl=
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=?ltl.. -
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GB
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14 lChapterl-"4ColE
4-2 E=J=
d9+e Ezl d9l Sg ^lzl 5.?l El4 dqzl(e-@)9 *++g gq+H B
+ *7171 q d+qq. S^J ql++ql^Js "JilFol €Bg 4+4 +Ae
4€-"1 olq 4 +^16lz sE+
i+ rll+?l =e
4*zl E* -E +q 4l ^lz} t.?I dq
o lr
zl$ EEolTll gleq 4+g + rlet6l= 4,"1 *sElqq. rflr dg6l
=e
Lll+e-tr. ull, ol+, Ald F q 4 zlzlTi +s=ull "ls+ +fl$ sd$$ ul
=
t-l el-dFH .ll+g +E6lzlzl rj dfrl4.

x tf== E-1. l|.|Ezl 9^16l= a= r=d,\l9.

@
2.mp3

'-J^l : TllE|=o| g=E 0156f= 0l+0il r|]6H ofdLptl? qol= gz-Lf 7\trl7l E
^12
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Lltrl.
=Ofg
o.! =3
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3 zl=se ^ft]el +l-l €E= 7lq6H Ffltrl7f q r €E= =JE-EFLI
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trl7l EHgF= + fi.41 6lfltrJLl 7Htrl7l +eJafeJalE^1 ,J= pJe HJ$=
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+aEl 4
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H-l -l .

e Zl"lts 4"Jg zl?o e- "J6J€- *=q.

@ z]]"lE$ €g "++eJr "JgE ol$+tr}.
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@ zH"lE ,J+ gq,l rl= +Cg zlxll. !lr|.
^l+

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== -
il F
o tl-t
-ort -t.

@ THEI= rf= 7l]!l"l EleE.JlH= g^l --- THDI= tf= )Htrl7l +a1=3 4leE
=-?frf.
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@ 7Hr l='J= ?Jcl+lal= #a= )l^la ?l+. - 0l 56H^l= g + fi+Lltf.
^f+ ==

01 E7l 15
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Eq+. +e Hql "J6l= rl+"l qH ^J49 6lr. 9l=zl= E+q4. =zl 4+
9 q1r1gr+ dg+g-E +Hrl4. Exll= E7l dql se ^l+ E?l "14 dq4
(O-@)= glq+H 99 *zlzl H dG'14.

5-1 El|el"=
qlgl+E a+q= *^l+9 "Jql +e +^1171+4 9l9_sE il€-+q 464
$ Elqq. : F Lrl$"l 'apa?', 'lfl.rll' , '9,<l' 5 Hl+g Ltq
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q='Jg=qot 6lEe !,^t+9 ^J4g ulE g + 9l+.1tr1. 'Hlql" 'ol+" 'EI'J,
'=olel'€r q 4 zlzl ++ql ql+ s€=g "14 9-d FB E^ll= *b rll E+
q =
"l E.lq. A^l*9 Hl+, BH F€ Fql^J + +414"J +C ^849 +g +
9lo o-E g^l+E "JE d+dl^j + +q+.
=qot
N rl.8E q^lel 84-g.E "J= ?i= -r.=d,\l.?.
=r e
5-1 mp3

,-J^;:olfl 3ZL.r.l= A+-g EaJE -Fir L[|EE olal?Ll7lf ?al Ll-il,t1

=+6f=
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+dt|e.
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€el6|1g +E HE,'.I 'Jol 6l|9.
=i+dl7le
e ++= triElrle 4oi +4. @ *++g .4+g drloll- d+.
ge-zt s4.
@ E^J+ql^l= ++"J qloi ++. @
^le 4+g 4rltr

LLI t_l 6f^E

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HJ^]-9-E 4s"9 dg6lr
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dzll HJ4g +E6l= g+E gsqlq+. +iJ ql+e +E g-+Bol+
o rr-E
q++ql g)y 4*zl t*zl II}Eql ol +Eql + q +96|^J Elrl4. s+
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ll9

q^f : GIE 0l + 7l^l fi.+r

EE ga1+= -Er.Llrf.
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E= ?g Eolal= agLlrl. 8EE EeE E+
^faJ4 ^laJol ^l=Je.l
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Ed+q g'
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+ olal'^EEJell^7f ol^f= €4:ilrl-= ,i= EE olnf -r.
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c -r.4 r4^+El ++ol ^l+qHq.
@ -8014= 4e slqg +Fg "J+q.
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@
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a= Eel +E= "J6f= 7Jo= cHrf! =9nl ciqrfq cqlfF Ejrf^ig znl
vrl\rL vt
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afr
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846f-l1 ?l#Llrl. flrll 8A=^l= g + 91^lDJ ofalrsatsll/.ol "JsF= E

=Eol
dH rtH r-l-\ollE ?lfl== xlxlsl-
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TIP l+ll *" l.:.!

'J^l E= qrtq g4el EE|l
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trt= HJH r]|^1, HJII|(+.\.X.trr), +€(r*), E'J($#XX), +3(X#),^1171,
+=+ HJI[|,0l+. oJ€ +
ffr|-|, rfl(XX), -:i+

ni 11
vt-/t
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"lg
g + glEzl$ +"J6l7l fl+ AEq+. Hzl{ gxlg qlEE zl^J g*3 4g
J.s= +^l\71€xllErJ4.
HxJ d4zl(e-@)ql^J Hl+€ +q= gqBr "itr ?4lzl 4g4
"14 ++
al] _E_E€.Jqq. Ezl dgl tsxlg qE= E= a"Jzl, €xlg 4E= E= a

"JzlE HzJ g?l;lb 4ol €sElrl4. plzlg qlE=;_e el4, +.E, Hl+, +
zl xlzl FEq4. olfl qlEql ql+ E,flEg ql
"14 9-d +H +zll= +b =
E+ol E.l+.

'J^fel E|]E_+. 7f8 g"f= a= r=d/.lg.

@
7 mn2

'JIl (Eft":e) ^lal E-d= r E 9J El^|. E^{01 +4 6H€^laf= ,l.faJol.

q^l 6H€^l7f GIEE EE= ,!=Ell :.z|le?
^l
'JIl rl ^faJol ^l= +lafr ra"I=^l 901.9?."0f+al r.?l=olalr afclals raJ
H4= "Jg.ol '=rl-'-=r += g.+Llrf."alr 6ltrlalre. flat| ,Eaf al= ,iol
'"Jg.ol Lr|l_+ qaJ+.'af= *0lGole?
^lLl^i
Grf ralLlls, €"J! gHJEol ral g== +loll Z=al=ql .-Eq 'JAe
^ltralE
01... .'J+"J=$ "J -d trftl -d Eftl= trf= /.laJ=oll/l g:BF= +Gol-e.
=
@ xJ4aJ tqg ^1.+€
+xll c.r 9l+.
g"ltr ++q= s€g
@
^l+g Exll +r 9lq.
@ h^ql *xj e+= "JflE
^l-s"
I Ezll /*n gl+.
@ 9ulzt'*zl t*E e€9
^l+g Exll *r 94.

:r
oJ+?.io | 6+El= +-.13 i.fE6G E'+EJ ru^t rtoo
L]\rl /\f6= ofLI -f ro_ /\l'i(Jll
Tlxl=Loc^t lrL tflZiufl
ELlLl. tru-^nu
=
Eq rHGEollzjl g-BF= xtrL-;t
LIl_tr
trl-=L1] ol^t lrL
l^tl-l-1.
^ll01l^lol ^fEe = =ulr

\/)

TIP o il f" ll!

Elrlol E|lE
E^il HJHJ, HJHJ
"! +Attrl+, gg ll9l, +E4o-?
HlE, Hl+ 56t| ZdH qal, HIEJ, €E€
elc, ^1171,
Glelt Ee, Ea, e+, +a1, +elE €8, 4+40_e xllt, "Je€ 36, 6= d"J

t9
=7t i
01
 7lT q.J4l !7411t. olg+ o++8, qqal,
^^717t +T +{ tseJ, +tr E6J 5eJ €iol rrJsdlTl rqlE
oJLlEl. el+oJol dJ+qe. rt{el
^d4g srld||o} trtrt:. Eql^1 +.JrJg ,-zlf 1+ troroloHrLlEl.
tt495a-r^l6Jel l 7l odoJql: s+ Lil +r1l7t
+rllEJLltrt. Et +tatzl + gr1;, trJaJ +ga1zl dJ +
r1l,+ +tdl7l dJ E-rllE +'8EJLlEt. 1-2HJ
+41+ +el sElql "++ +trg 6lLl -Ets + 7flE iA+ rl
oltr, 3-4u13 .Jttsg+ TJaJEJ
+a7let tsel4 +4 71 ErlloJLltrt.
olE +{lql EH6lq o{El tro{o.l rl|Edtol E+E tHt.cJl, r|lE
^l|EgleJol ^l +E4eE s+ L|lt* qgl
et +HJel ++,
^18
rfoJ^H ?lt. +, 7lel 45,o1r1c1.
Lll E-rllolrlE! s+ +uJ^l
^^zlts E4lolTl trH+ql c15. oJojgl Hl6ll trJ oJg teJol EJeo.JLltrt. oteHql
4 71 +rJlE T + LteE +{l#
€Eql€'Lltrl. ', 7lE E uJ + ?l+ HJ"JS oJ+Epil oolo o-=. oFllol
oJol ,trl H4Lt gj9e;
4ol , 7t E+E Er HJg + gt+
jEJaJEJ
+rllel
=€ tEoJLttrt.
,\-
=r=. TE'
4tl
7|^-{/\H6.F
- -IOOE

(EoH/=E, 34/_eal, tr/+71, ol^f,

- 7f€g=J
5 (34/_e4, E/+71)
tH, gE)
-
- ze, a5 - -t-;rt6f
_o
_ _urq
(71+, ElaH&El, g=7|--+)
(*zgg, rl+/Ee/d+Hfl ZfZl, zE- - llrq
-O

^llE,
+-+) (*lgg, rq^lE, ++)
- hal,tl^f 341 - +^/^l^f EIJI
6tA *a/ eJZE^jl, +E€r4(7 lE)) (EJ3=^J|,
_ AEJ
^HoH,
=g^l?J)
- Elrl0l(El|6rl|ill, U=)
- Dlrlol
- g=gr4
(z+Elsl ?.!E1LJl, rH=oHill, t!E) (^lalll-E, gara=J, E^f, -J+g=J, g
- a=Ja^l utsf 41tr(71+))
(dsl, _Eor, EE, EEf^fol, gAra - qt+(Et+, gEt)
^J=,
=J, Elf, -nf+A=J, elE/+$, tr?1/2J8, -
gjlrf
<-t ^lol
-ts
'-Julef 41tr(71+)) (^la 8=J TlEel +lg(E$, e+)
- r4lE _ TEEOI ^lg,
(8Ezf AAF, gaf) (flo1, q^f, a=,2J8/?3xll, 5_n, 84, 7J
- ?l^f €^l, rl+, €, tr+/8al)
(#^l tr! ,\lzl)
- =,
r4rl^lil, =61,
- grl ^lg =+ +9, Er+el 4€)
(Ei+el
(rla8=J, alE, deel +lg(Etr) ^lef
+lElef q7K^Ei)
=R -
z'J5, g+) - 60-]
- +ltrlq q7l (qg/++)
(Ea;ggl
- _9Y-]

(qg/+Er, +g/'J+)

20lcnapterleldotE
 8^l^t+ glel +rllE +{.qE ET +€atu l, tai t$a121, E +6t121 grlE E'41 ELlq. rl
4 gril# o|E 9go1a, qE4 E'qot 6t+rl ^l^1161 €trlE-^lEt.

-l+ r]+ -lt

+ +*t+ ,! +ft'trt. *zt 4++ ,!+ Efl"{l ?j4 s"J"l q+Lz
tsq+. f,+qbq^lE u(roprKII)el L7l Eqq= EF Lll +^ll7l €xllEul4. ol +41
44q qq €e-l zll€flflo| llf6lq d+= 4ErJl, x]]d ^l 6d4ss E= ql+e q
el EHq
^l-+
+=,
=L7l4xll9
f q+ F"Jq4. 4rl 'J6lR =.|rlill'= gs =:
6lzl ?*+q+. zlld 99ol 9l9 + 9= CE+H rJ*ol S.xl"J, qH 4+"Jzl 919 +
dE+H zl++q4E ule.zll 4= €+g 6l= aol €4+q+.
= =Al=

i
J

oz ,"rt | 2t
n EA TddPl
'+tl +c6l7l' +€e "J+= El+l +r Eqq '+41 r ++g s€6t=
=q
+rilEqq. Hl+ *FlE 4l^l€ +q, 44 e€4 xlr.l E€9 Fql +tr-g +C
g + gl+qq. +tr-+9lE s€"I 4+611 4€*zl, Eqq *z 4+g
=ol
"J+C"l glbzlE +€61= +z]Eqq. Hlr4 A++ axll"J €+Er+ €€E
9 Ex]ol{. zll/l+g 4-5+er-eE +CEq+.

x +=E 9lr. Orf eoll l= ?+?+ -d ,ufl.r.19.

=cl'J =s.g.e
r|]=izl9 trlLlcJqg.
^l= ^lu+oil ^lEeE =,\lEoil
e ).
=oil7j?t(
E^l ulel ?Jol 7l:r_ #q9.
(o). =,\lEoil

E + rJEoLl flrll7l.fl€e^l E+6t|+^lle.

^l=
-+E-
e
o

€TH
0l 3,tl=oll -=7Al,J a= fl+6f= 719j -g + fl= -.JEg
== tre
d,lH7l =oJLltf. =^l_Eollu\l =oll
LHE(o)O1 efoF 6fr, rf^lE EA|-oll^1 tl rJ#-qLl E 6
E^ll7f
=471*trf=
nJdP^l E+= -eloo-+ ^J= =
+^ll4oJ F T|.|sl /.lrJ(e)O1 LfElLfoF -sf
Llrf. =-fr ^tH6f=

O : GlzHzf tre
=47lalol_s
O : rfB +ef tfg ?lLHe
=oll =IlE7l

22 lCnapterl-"-4dolE
TIP o l{ +'}g!
TOPTK il .t'r7l =J?J 4t€ UH

o E8 +56t71 - 'Jal.7€ =+= gTfdt= +E

r' =JoJ 4t€ 'JE

. =JgJE aFd-g q= -Jal"l glFl LHE= E qqf6l= ,iol Oal-e9 golLl- Floll ?i
:dLltrl.
=9:EtLltl-.
Eer== E.gtr1Er. L|1EoI olcl^lE+ 6]|0t
.=EgE +d-EF n|l= +=el ^l-E^aJ1l
Eflal EE= ,\l-E6lE= 6H0F -stLlEl.
=E
. EEql "J= .JoJ= tlalE EE +=el /.l€--J e+ AEol EJLltl.
^ =E=
.tr.Jal-sl 4-EF6l^l ?,Jg EEolLf EEE lf86Hll ^ E 'JEOI ELltrl.
. ts^fgol="-4011
€Ejdt^l LJ-o.E AEol EJLltrl.
. €=0il,t1 E-g + ?t= zJ-r.EolLl- p_tLt|= E= glcl Hr. qEEJ Lt|Eo= +861=^1, 0+EEJ

Efl4 ^f+
EHg g0l FE EEol EJLltl.
. trfs-d g!1ol ^l.E6l=^l
f.ioE^1 LHE= ol:s4l d7H^l7l=^1, Eetq.ES= cl5lll E=6|-=^1, 4
==olE 7l== dl=^l 5= g0l FE Etol
49 .J6l.E^l= EJLIr-I.

02) 71 |23
a=J1+ +g6t7l
'+q +C6t7l' +4lb izll4 +Ag 4E= zll'rlo]--r-, : CEE ^t+6t
q ']]+g +€6ta +qg=E
4e6l 4zl4q 200-3002|tr 39 4E+ 6l= +
€Eq4. zll"J4olA+ a+* ^tcl4 ^xllE ^l+flq 4€6t41 +€6t= +{
Eqq.

rH-d ?l^l'0ll tH-d 32 2OO-300^l-=. i^d^l-". E,

+== Et.zaq 'Eal+71oll =el
El+= /'^Il ofd^l-g..

Eal+zoll EH:d oJ^l

T ^tfl'JHl
a4
T ^ 4171
^lal
HIE A4
szeE
?rl HlEol ";ol "Jg-Et

€rHt ttt-^{ aJ'2J= ?l

ol 51^ll= Eal+7lsl I Etraf ]JBEJ €H= 4qt-d ?1, 0l= =JE6G
6H^l= tgzll 6H0F 6f=^l E+= 4tr61 146|r +€6f= =+= E7f6l.= E^llgLltf'
3e1 arllef 8,:= EE6l LfEfg + ?t= Gl+lef EE E-d= tig6fzl ^I-E6H0F
^ltlg
H*t*t.lrl-
6l-t

GED
Eal+71= +l= E+6f= 'Zi= "J-dti lol|.|ef 49rfl -?F Eal+z= 5
d|J -JH17f
=z= uallzl ilal HIE s-zr #4=J Tiolafr -E-9,ttl. ralLf E7l+7171
z;4=la, ^l]trrftf
^l-g lOLHef AoLl7l5o!6fu1l LlEf-J=Lll,
qal Ll+01^1 4a10t 61.-E.
HTlELf= el1? ^|]troll
-+-dHol|4a|=aH+=-JE6|!7)87|ttt|Eo|t|E-dEal+7]-Bt=€^16l-r+r|6|
HlEol E= aoll LH6H 4OL|1Etl 1OLH7| Ll +a1:"{+. afrlnJ )tlll^Pl -oJ4= 96H e+
=
6H0F --J HlEolq, Eal+71=
a13 +ael I=egolo+ -E= 6H0F -dtf
^PJol =^]61

24 lChapterl-"iColE
TIP o t{ +'}i,!
TOPTK il /.^71 =JgJ 5t€ UH
€) E+ +d6f7l - €E= 0l€i6lq +rll0ll "Jxl € + ?l=^l= E7l.df= ?E
^il^|fl =E
./ xHE 7l=
E+ +E
,/\l ol
o
L]|E "J 1) +qTl al^ll= +96|.fl=7t?
ut4l +=d =d6l
2) +^llef aJEEJ lHEo-+ +d6lfl=7f? 7-6E 5-3E 2-OE,
(7E) 3) +olTl LHE= E+6lr rfsol.zll EEdffl=7|?

1) +€01 Esj6l-r tsal4oJ7l-?

=el qaf trJ+ +dol E ol+old=7f?
LHEOil
=el
d7l| +5
2)
7-68 5-3E 2-0E
3)
=eldTt|oll Etol El= 'Jal E^l= 4tr61.11
(78) =4 ^l
E6tq 444eE ?l'J61fr=71?
EEal.cl+l= r[!!ofz E+6f11
1) 4tr-d
flol ^l€i6lq
^lE
(8xz EEat ol+l= CEjolq 16-14tr 12-8E 6-08
^lEdfH=7f?
2) EE, GlPl, "J=E 5"1 EaJ-?!71?
=16E)
3) 7150il rq.al ^l8ol
4^loil "+zl x=71?
=el =4al ==
d7l| +5(78) flot
^tE(16E)
A 8(x2)
a B n 6 71x2)
4-5 4-5 5_61x2)
-o D ? 3 4(x2)
E 2 Z 3(x2)
6l g-l(x2)
F 0-1 0-1

02 ,"7l 25
 r' 4td HJE
=JoJ
'=Jgt= 4F€-=t ul|= e.+EJ zlgl= +g"-11oF EFLlrl. g+EJ q1Eg EF._fq E_tsr611o; uJ
fl= Lt|E= E-crgr e+ ,JEol=€al
aJol EJLltrl. d6{
UfaJol fits LHEE + Z+= Otr
':i== 4= 4l^lE 8H= E-+ 5q,.,.a.47t01t rt{]g stz=,iEq ofr_1o|^jalsJLltrl.
Lq3
olts= EjLlLt. =E
sd
'EE +a1 ?l1r dTl|6l|ot 6rq -Eg-d7H-Dr+ar +4= ++= ,ior -Jgeq+. rar_r. LI|E'I
IsJqE El=,r.1E.JE Hl+Gl uloF cLlrt.
'E8E +d-c. ttH= 6E +=olt *= q+let EHE rrso-rz €qafar -crLrtrt. 7rE6rE
6E At +=sl Gl+lel Aol iEolLl ^rEo-|loF
6l +=9 olplsf EE=
E"-H ger6r4r r^= 7i-Ur1 =Hge+7f^l€dl=
g+ ?irlafE
=+Lltrl. =E
Ar +=er Gr+ref EHE EJor ^l
,i
0l =E ^fEdr=
'=9=j=^Llrt. +Zl Eq4o-tr ^ aol ,p1.,
El1l,q e= +q qflLl ,-dEJl, _ollGl
=doll =
7l^la' q ee +cl EEe lf8o=f^r ?Jorot =e-ElLlrf.
E'Lrtrr.6rfs g*afxr "Jr q ulot d.Lrrr E-d
'-ulffr_lcf, -oflGls,= ,Jtrol Elltrl.
==Eee
'5:121. ril^llol ^l€"-lE
?tts e+r-1 lal|-g 5=
=tr =q^J aB6rz
TlTrorr rt^rsl erzE FEq o-r
Llel eJd6f= E+3 ,iol
'== =E r 7l Eoll Eg, r7|l, "-l=
trl+alsl 4=+Lltrl.
tzl= qE LHEo-tr +dg^l trlal 7|l9 E= 4r.€dH
9E ,u= Ell EE:ol EJLlrl.
=
==

26 lcirapterlfldolE
EI 7d6Pl
= +€6lzl' +€e xllrl€ 4+ql 4u1l izll .+4ql "*Zl zl+19 ^J4Lg b
= e€B i 9lb4= gzlalzl g* E4lEq+.
"l4sE +q4t Eg izls+ g
i a}+ol 4el ggg-e. olE +cse =g +d+ Fl 'rloF oJrlr|. zlJ,<lg fx,ll
c+61ril Hltrl5l= €l zldE Etlg 46lq +*ql
= 4€61 'lelql €.9614+ =g
,r.lfxllE F"Jqoloi ali ulJ ,-ol/g/€
"+Zl =zldlol Elrltrl. +a€ol
e'e+ ag +qiil +a€g ufr., '-ulb4, -+ e+ Ag +qil +A
^t€-6lzl
€g ^l-sdl"F Elrlq. ^lld 7l=E= zl10 e_ g+€ 6l= 401 ++qq. rq
r. -s€4 EBe qE+ r+ E€g ajo| alr,| +Eql '*41 4ol H ;t
sElq+. ^l+61=

+== +^llE 6lq g4= 600-700^l.E t d^lg. trJ, E^ll= lrHE fi

^ftlsl ==
z rA^l Efd^lg.
-d+ eqd E5ol+r €EE g.tld E-+.-LaJ0l -PJol ?i+Ll
^fEl=
tl. E.= grld ueraJE== HJ+dlr ^Jl+Elr
HJ+J.1-7|.
?l= €Ee 384se rll4tdfr ?t
E_=.-L=J .rJ3 ,r.1aJq11; zlelo; 801 ElTlE 6t^l"J zfE-d zJ8= ++
=rll, =dA|
Ztl= 5 ri. U elzol _Fje 7l$rjl €dt| olaHol LHEE
^lUel "J8= =d-g.e
ts
fl4o_+ +etdl= ^ d^19.
==
.gtld E_+taJol E=oll El|ol| Oi'E_lll 8?+-ilLVl?
. a=^l 84-d 0l+= gagqzrt?
. gHl= gld u_e:al €+= g16|| 6flot -=l ,13 +EALlTtl?

ol Erllts eLlN oeraJol g50l AfTf^lEollZl clrrl-zf g-BF= zl^l=^loll rH6H

^l8^fef
8,-r.= Eal4o_+ E-d-g + ?l=
^f^19 ueraJol ==
s + ?=^l= E7l6l7l ?l-uf E^lloJLlrf.
eqN +54"J ES "Jr glGloF 6fq +^Jlef gr-+= E
E6l LlEfg =€4
+ ?t= cl+lef EH Edl= rfgF6fzl =g
-Er.Llrf.
^f^lsl
^fE6HoF

^^.._,t^-
vz M/l 2/
 TOPIKII

et]c E+-raJ3 Eql?]el E= 0l+= rf8= Hq+q,'J8=

^l-J=O1 =:6H ^18^f
+r ?l+. q7l^l 15= -d tll+l6fzl El=tll !^ll-+ Sqr.EeraJ=
=ollzl ^||!l= EEraJ ^f=J=
Htf EE eqc 7f+== ezl + ?lrf
eE]d EEraJS =u
ij3 ^f*ollxl g= 0t= =
+ 9l= Ttal= ?l+. Lfol, e]E, ^l
goll o,J7l rrHEol+. r-lLf ^1lB6f.a E_+raJoll E7l-J
arJ?Lol 9Ejc01l S,'.lEr-+ 'JA =5d:
THoJsl EIETI tH6=ollzl ge1^1 -r=q 4dH-E d'-+dftf. E tf= E^ll= 38 9l
^f86J
#ol u_+raJfl 1E0l ofL]E €trH^fe q?.1^16l= 8=J='J=tf= aol+.
E.+raJ xfxllzf E= 0l= + ?t= Tlslol E0l Elr A€-af 3€01 HBEJI|E ArTf^foll
zl= rl-=F Lfgl 9L= rJeol =J + ?lrf. 6f^loJ EelaJol olETl ,\l8==
alTl gl-d ^e-zf ?trfE E^ll7f =J + ?lrf. aFTf^E"l a+= 8EJ6fr =q=3
^|]!lollDJ ^laElGI
€6fzl E7l-= + ?= Ez1-,t1.^-e301
=?++lIlOF 6f_2, 0l=ol IfdEJ= tsdH-=r + ?= 8H
IfEoll -atr1.. rall ,\l8^lE= e8o1l Ll+ 4HH^fef +al^fe AFTf
= +E6f7lLf^ft6H0F
HlTl Eae_+ Al.7f^E= E€ ="J6fq oJ EJrf.
"JAoil
^E= eral 714^l, ellc EFTf^f, ^lGl^l=
E+71 rl--zf 489^l +oll/.l E-+-l
aJ ^l8^lE
E= A-d^le + il= TlElol Eee q7l= EHETf -J_"apr; =tr16f-z
^f^Jl=

TIP o ]+t{ *'}-:,t

ll r 7l -J$ 4t€ HJE
TOPTK
@ +€dt7l - +4lef ztrll0l "Jll g4= ts44o-e EE-g + ?l= €+
= ^ll^lEJ
?tErl= E7f6f= +e
^l+lel ==

r' 7l=
^HE
E+ +E
ftl
TE il|E
=Z a -o 6t
LHE "J 1) +qTl al^il= +-.J6fH=7f?
at{l +=d 2) +llel zJelEJ =!dl
L|lEoe +d6fH=7f? 12-98 QruAAI
l|
Apo.71
- vE
(12E) 3) LHE= E+6h-r. rf2iafzll E--J6ffl=71?
1) +d0l EEf6fr ts44E7f?
=ol
E-l =el
2) 6C 8401 E +dElq oJ=71?
T71| +4 12-98 vQrutrtr1
vE 4-0E
ts4 lTt|oll Etol El= 'Jal E^l= 4tr6lzl
(2E) 3) -e.^frH o q7l;lc4r ) |12 ^f
ovt-t +---+ udvtaL-
^xl^l =. I

EET| ol+l= rlg6fr. E+6fZl

1) 4tr-d
flot cl+l= ^fE6lq O-58
^l-E
(13x2 EEzf dEjdfq 1O-138 AryOX'l
v vE
=
2)
^lE6lH=7f?
Gl+1, "*=E 5"1 /.f8ol €EfzfTf? (x2) (x2) 1x2)
26d)
3)
=8, 7l=ioll t+al 4^loil "Jxl s=71?
=el =4al ==

28 chapter 1 -"iColE
 5= Ll|E "; al{l +="J(78) d71| ?5(78) flq
^tE(168)
12-1j(xZ)
A 11-12 11-12
a B 9-10 9-10 16-1.1(x2)
n 7-8 7-8 g-g(x2)
5- 5-6 6_7(x2)
D 5-6
E
2,pA 4-5(xZ)
6l 0-2 0_3(x2)
F O-2
r' aoJ AFd gH
. =Jgf= Atd--J rr|l= 9+E rf^ll= +g6lloF -stLltrf. g+EJ Lt|E= EF E-Er-dt|ot 6fq
=!61
zJeJol S.= LHE= E-Ef-d zJ+ AEol EJLltrf. dA zJalol g.= LHEE + 3+= Qtr
^lalEJ
Llrf.
.33 t4 ?tll tsal4eE l7t|6t|0h 6hq Eg-d7H-Ef+al +5= 4+= 'l0l -Js-'JLltf. f
4r LHEoI IeJEIE HJE/.I E'J= Hf+ol uloF -BFLItl
. +€--J ril= rE +=ql "J= cl+lef EE= tfg:61-r. €Ej6lzl ^f€:5l|ot -sr-Lltrf. =E
=ar=
+=el ol+lef ,\IE6|] €EJdfXl ,^ aH+ e+71 "J+ iltlafE zE +=sl olPlel
EE= =E= =
-Fiol
^l-E6f= '2iol =+Lltf.,iol Ce4eE lf8El= ol+lef
. "+Zl Ecl4o-= ^^=
=al4?.! =oll
EE==€ql
=el lfEd|1oF 6lq +ol4oJ ol+let
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trql
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?-f EJLltl Ill-E /s+df^l "J
z r+ 4oF 6|.q '-tr,lALlq'Ll- '-ol/ol9'= lfEdfE AEol El=-= HJ=II '-(L-l
=eeetr
/.|E6|]0t -'JLl tf.
. =)tr|-' = LHEoI EJZ +^1oll E|]6|1 ,g4olLl +€|= €al6H -Er. 0l= Eal4o-+. +€6t
^fal4"J
q ^ltlol
E€6f= E+= 6l= 'ztol
.===E \)l coll E"J, c7H, El+alsl=+Llth.
4.Jzl= oltg Ll|EoE +d-g^l Dlal 7t|9 E= 4f56[l
+oo4 =9 L r.ll F90l
sll !E5vl EILI
H-l tl-1 .
=:L: == -L

02 )f7l | 29
 Chapter 1 -4C01=

?l 7l
+El+ oJTt 9.t6|| 4.{o1r_1
?j€.LtE1. r al_r. €trE oJTt 9.t6l|
+!+g ELttrt. s t.++4oJ
=z€€
xt+19 0J7l 916|l t+
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r elqlE
^149 ?l+Lltrl. ^ltql^1
+4g a-e719t6|l tril+EJg g.letr1, oqddoJLH
44rlE 9.lzt=. tJLlEl. olel a-e- ,lEot E+ +at7t g.l7lE 6tE ot+oJLlEt. 6txttrJ ,Jg +4et glTtetr.
6lqalE_ 9l+ H"t^lg ril47+oJLltrt. Ettt^l q ?lqot 6|.ts 7o{9, EtrJ rJt6l ?lgs. sl_=_
^J€+El
7d9, eJHj6l 016|{6171 916|l olal HJ ?lqot 6l:_ ^j+rt
z+ 5i ull+- EtoJrorjrLlEl.
dJ+q+.al^l6Jll 9l7l goJql^1: o;tgajlllrl ulE4 rt+ E6lts rJ{^fE trtE trtoJrJ
^tEt4oJ ^t+
o; o;6fl
€EE +€61+ 7Jol +EoJLlEl. rrtEl^1 +{l trJ arll, 7lt, rlE gro{ql llg 4.;ectts 5+
+t6J tEJ+zt uln4 %{oldJ LH€€ EIE ^l^t40J trJ7t EHtrol EJLtEt. 4* rl qqg
+{l+ trt
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rJfl^lE t+4eE EtE EtoJrJ rl+el 0161| €EE +€6tts lol +EoJLlEl. Elal^1 +
^tEl4oJ
rll trJ 4rll, 7l+, rlE gu39l 9lq 11g 0J+ oolojolLt t+ oJ+ +otet UJEJEJ +ol +9. Elltrol EJLlEl.
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(*rgg, I+/EE/E+HI] EtZl, ?-*. -z z e5, g+)
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_ HEj. HI-/\I (3gal ,JAF, gEl,
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?:/?JE, E^1., .g=J Z^ll(^l+, rl|Ellr), - 8=J af+
Esf ,t.lel (7 l+, E a|]/.f6l, €=Jaf-+) I
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(q-"J/++, +g/u+, +|tr|, q7f, (flq, q^[, a=, 4E/?3d, dat, z
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^f?J)
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(71+, Elell^|.al, g= rf+)

30]Chapterl-"iColE
 _ zlll
o4 - ll,\lEJ
(dlE3Jr, +oJ3Jr) (€E grE, i]|E/BE 4l^l=)
_ gILHE _ €EE
(/.ld OlE oJLHE, zJsJ/q-.J 9JL|1E) (IilE ,g=J/al-qt A^l)
^l€dB^1,
Ilo+tl - ll,\lEJ . - 8= ==^l
(96|., 8E .s4E1, g=J i]|E/88 (*oJ^1. zlE^l
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(ealE, Eils]|€) _ g.EE
7- 7E ll
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(=E^1, E=^1 5)
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= =E-d "J'J, -+€
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(+61., ,J^1, ,|.lal) (t! LlIl, +LJ/.I, +ll-l7 |
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- nHxll -Jel- - rllgJdf=

=,
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'l=, =)
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=, =, =,
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(rll=uJz, 7 |
guJz, Ee.laJr) &n, uu,u, EE)
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H lrlfx'{
-tu-
(^1"=. BE/d^l6l g) ^lE7l^l
(oJEl+7|^|-, 61|€71^|-, ts€71^|., Fr.E)
rr /\l _ =JZE
u -*l"l - +lE7l^1.
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03 etTt | 3t
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H IITF^I
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( 7 _L,r1, I,\I_H.I^j)
rl ,\l;'ll
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EJTlel (^lElE^]|oil rH-d +gel (^f6l Ell|oil EHEI +gE E€E)
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= - ^l7l^7]|,\l
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12= 0lLH

glel +rltE
^ltJ t^lrt+ 6dge +€EJ ?lrt ErllE E4t EJLlEt. glTt
+r1l+ qE +rdolr, qE
4l ffqop 6tt.xl oJ-r.
?,[qot dJLltrt.
^t{l6l

32jcrrapterl-4ColE
 ?lzl 96"{ o_i6l7l

EH ;t=zl
g EH a-=z\' +€e fElzlzl +Eq "J'*e EB€ f glExl
^l-+El
617l +l+ 4Eq+. HlZl ?lql "J"+e 4€€ asb +4lrl
=qa
q. + +tlss "lF"l4 9a, +E +49o1, €€"1".| # Hl+ .Jq=41 B
E4Eqq.
E4lE * F-7l +lql^J= +d q€ 4*t1xl dAl4"J 9qlE ul-9dlo} El4
fqr Ll^J Hlzl $.Fl *q+ ^F.+€ EH, €:+.il+g A gqEH Bg *
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{9=rlfl€ : ?l trE ?J6lAl

^loJ6f7l
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or errr | 33
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ElglslTl Hl+:d Ed 7=71

'9olzl Hli* s.d lazl' +€g El*+ e€€ rls" al* t.qg +c
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€xllErJ4.
ol Ezil= * €A +Hg u"PE "ll 9"lzl +4q Eli+ ag
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O
^l+6lq Elq+
@
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@
^l+g + 9l+q+
@
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€EH
o-(e)a1 6frf : Glp g5g -g gELl g"J= 7l^la ?a= LlEiLJLlrf.

@-(e)= oJa;r; :clp rfl$01 s"Jol *6f= -"J- -=r.Ef=J-Lf 0l+= 71.tr €++ Tf^l
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@ -(e)= ++oil glrf : rf= oJtsOlLf 7f=d0l g.g= LfElLJLlrf.

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34 lCn"o,"r1-"jColE
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+€e ixllE yle+61= bqg
'gl-r. +xll *71' +l+ aeE EEe
ril++ gt^J+ql^J =c6l7l
g + 9l= *rE"l+ "J4Eol
^l+
ol Ezll= €zl fldl^J= +d qdqflE *ot :z Eol59=4lEqq.
a6Je_e €rJEL
+4q= dqzl(O-@)ql^J nEq+. EEql^J zl+ +s= €^t+g zlzla_ rt
:_alzJ-H_4b dal4"J t}+g +qt6l= 4"1 #.14.

EH '+g
€41"1 rll-d, 4rf E +^l4.9.e 6Ef= L|.|E€ Ei6H ,\f-3r'"J=
ot,^r ol-^-t lrL
^lrJrl =€ ^lrJ=
a -T- lltl-l-1.

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og grr I ss
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gln 4€-ol
4Ee EI++ =g
€EESE "lFg4 gl+qq.
ol Exll= € €zl +ldl^J= zl+g gzl d9l
HzJ dgzl(@-@)E Lil+$. slE
al-b 4ol +sElq4. dqzlql^J +s+ qq= +916}r, zlEg gleq
+dH
q
'll€€ *eH dril +rll= € + 9l+q+. +q4t 4+g 4+r+ dqzlE .ll
+g +Azl 9+r +E +^l* e€ol4 eEg 4*ol glol r+esE d+dl^J zl
E4 dEl'zl= 919"F ElrJ4.

4-1 E ?JLH=
'E ?llllE Ezll= € Eilql= +d,
"JLllEE +€sA= Elql"l]oF +qq. ql
B+ql^J +€. 'qltt-, zlzf,, tlzf,, Hl+, d+ %r-H, +E,e]. +fl€ 4+
= =E
€. +E+ .+ dq4(@_@)q^J +g +€s^= +ol E.E+ Eli . qadl! 9l
+q+. +6.1, sE zllqql^J+El ,x,Erl7l gl= Eql +s BEg 6l
+E +ilzl 'Jz gl{"F +q+. =.$t4zl

x
LH + qq+=
?Jotl LlUel g=J ,\l+6|.^ile.
. ?J Tl : €=J
=+ol, =+ol=
e+ +3a _Ed(4EHJ)
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x rllEHl= Esgr_1r1.

@ zlfeuJi- rriE L+ioF *Ll+.

@**ol= g6l= ^lElEE HlEq+.
@ *B"l xl+H x]|eul= 4xj 9*#e4.
@ + g $9! zNeul= d"J gol Eul4.

'IH-+H|=
EE'a|I -?.loo+ rrfB LI]OF -Er.LlLf.

36 lOrapterl-4ColE
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- B+ ?l{g e 4^h= 91461= a^l* Ar+= -E-r.61= e^t
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"Jrlf6l+
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a+q=
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aol 4l"J +s'Jq+. rqa +^l 7tt r*ol 4s= +q= *"t: g"lE
=
+et+ +. dgxl(o-@)q^J +g 4€€ EEr+ Eli . q=ql^J gl+q+, !-F
dq4q^J= EE4 Ae +q= ^l+6lzl ?+r +^l+ 9"lE 4= +qLl s€
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rl=
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Hl, -Lf d^1, Eat, ill-d:d^f7f ?ltf. "Jeffl3 Gl= Ets fl, 8^Ll4
=== ^rl|e
efl g, toJzf oleJol= AFd ?olq 200J 01A|- =Jill= d fl -*?.!= E=
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^tE =tr|.
qlr|]= 6lE 10% +7f -EF"J= E= + ?trl. ^fd
3c 1g+Ej 4z 6oJDl^l0lr
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@ E= +"ll6lH +417l?J.l1.ll ++e + 9l+.

@ sE +'l]* +4 ++rl=e ++g HJg + S,+.
@ s= +El]6lr Be ++e ++ +4 ull
^l-+E + 9l+.
@ g= +^ll7l7J dql trlrl + + 9lr +"Jg Eg + 914.

gH
O +rH6fE + ?ltf. -
LHLH zJ=J-=F 56H g + H= LHEoJLltf.
= =^117lrJ ^lE=
@ E= +o|.|-zl 'J^ll rJaJi=e +E-=
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@ E= +r|.I6fr EP +EA rf3 4rll q + ?lrf. - E6tl g + H= LHE"J
^|E-g ^lE=

03 9.t7t 37
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f4se+ +fl€ +zll= zllg+q +qlql"t -Jq+. ,+g'ql q+ r4soJ
= 4g zllg Hxl 6llol +
zl, ulr . q46l= + 7l^l 4tr"l Ftqlzl= +qi6l=
'14. :4a +^J dqzl(O-@)q +g Lfl+g EEr+ Elr. qlaql^J gl+q
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^l-S€
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+Eql^i 9l= a"l +s+q+. 'zldf4s'el a+qlE
zll++el vl.gdlot
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^llEzl
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x rl= E= refluo; LHEZI ,J? ?t= _r.=d/.lg.

=

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2oo3 zoo4 2oo5 2006 zooT E-=

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e ,J+q g+9
2005LJql ilolTl zl* 24.
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@ 2005H ol+ ,J+9 €l-ge +zld,r, g+g €+_gE +7lgltrl.
@ 2004Livl^l g+g +l-ge *zld HlH, a+E +lge ,Jid+.

o 2005Llql e++ EloJ aJE xfopl7lg frf. - 7fE AF#Llrl

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38 lChapterl-"iColE
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f.41Eq+, q€€ g-^l6lE a +Alg 4l^14^1 ,+4lE ++ qE+
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trtE= +^1E|lE "l1l HHE-d aE red^le.

O (+)-(+)-(zD-(4)
@ (zD-(4)-(LD-(=+)
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SELJbl+7f 7l= + ?lrl(Ll). r ++e-e-+ Ettl
=q ^ll-fTl ^ll^llel ^le-e.E =71-{ =
I Tleoljslzlr_|. rqE€€ EJ:i{rKzl). !E Eoil 46H7f 8.7l7lE_ -*r|L(7f). 0lzJ
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os etrr I gg
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40 lcrrapterl-'jColE
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=-
Trl^l:l rl
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v l=.-l
l+vl-l
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v | Ll / L-v l/\lLl
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d d-il-l
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l=-^Fl
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ill-- l-l nl.lIltrlrl-
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="t-l -l
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L
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or:<^Fl
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(28=) dH46itl EL-I

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50lorrpt"rl-"idolE
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OI-E/\I.E=LrL
== ==ut-l

^lE6ftf
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tr l-r-L
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04 ol+{'EE | 5l
 TOPIKII

r 1-^..n1
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l-v | --r-=-l
rj+rL Tlr|loll 7f=
:lrl
^frl
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-
tUO
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Tlqoll^l qq44tf
| | E-l-l
r-f
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elE6frf/F E
ofr-[
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brJo |- +laltl. LJ
!-L =:
1AFI I-
-vt -t

+6+= 7l=6ftf HlTltf

H|-HHI g40lr 9ltf l-lE=
/\l--T-:! =:r OlrL
l/\Ll

Il-FlnlI of 4rl.
r- 6-l cr r_iv I dalrf
olrrlnl v I u-t
E ;l-rl-
v|*|
gF= E LHII
^H7lx.+l
O---.'|!/\|

d+l Tfbi6ftf 0l= + ?ltl

o)Tltl ETfrL
--r- ilEl-nlv !lElrI
--I-
tl "l Ei | -l

Glgfo I HH6ltf ol elEtr6ftl

9l -r-= 71--t
i:-T-=. rr"l rr _E_= l-r l- /_H-.^.| l-r l-
r-vt*t/
- =vt*l
/oFnl\ xl- Erl-
t-vl, a47f ?lrl
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E"JOI "Jtf g-Jol 6ltrJ40ltl

52 lcnapterl-"iColE
 +Eq= + +q7l + 7l-zl old-E *€ zld +q='J*q4. Fol 9+l zlzJol
EE qlE4 +41 +q= el6lE 3 rgol g aEq+. "14= .Jn ilqot g
qqq"Jqq. r+oJ+ trlflq= q+4 El4 qe$^]tr}.
O -E.olrl .PJE= A+ZL| Etf. ts= 7fHrf.
L|l
^ltrJo17f
TlalEl @ ttl^l +E6frl. +'Jrl "JE= Tfal^l ?J?trf.
@ ,ltrJ q+. u fal sog Lf EJrf.
=0|-6f= -r+lrL
fT\ ol --r-v Jz\ Ll =afll =4=
\_l/ E ^nl I | i tr+= 71+a +Tlg
=Eg
e= al^lHl= 4=r l zFl,\l =flrf.
7l+tr| @ "JoEq Eo+. LH^f.

€) g0lL|l7-lLl 0l+rf. olH g=J40il^l €4= zFflrf.

c EZ= clrloil Hoil
==
e+ @
=rf.
gE= E^l 6l"rf. ^lzl= =rf.
.J^l7l- q^ulzl €|LJ=
5Ef= 6la1:z dl-tl. zJrf. =rf.
@ dafE
c +7lalE EZolLt gE 6H^l ,J€ollll
€) +sol gf HUf^lrl.
=7lrf. =+EEg
Eol Ll+oil
=al+.
=alq. =al+.
€) ol'E Hoil ?J7lo1l
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C dfrl. ]LITl rlE0ll .JLf=
rf;rf.
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@ +ea|.G €+ ?t7il "J=tl.
@ EE L.tzl 6lrl. ol EflP H= EF _r.rlrf.
c ^fe+.
nJ)l= ,lrl
't._t fa-l
=
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4!tr| €) .=-7.17to Dlfl

aa-l -
=olrf.
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,{+rl.
o F-itl
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e llrl|-e EajLl^l lfraf^lrl. clEE zuoilE ,{lol^l gr= aol+.
@ 44qe ++aJ^llf.
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@ -d+qe T+al^lrl. ==
dua;r121- gol ,Aola "J?trl.
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11) E,'lLEof
ou
.l+9
t== aarl
t-t .
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+tri €) EI"JE 7l^lrf. EqloJ= E+rf.
/a\ F o ri lf trL .
\?-/ E= rl+ollzl +rl.
v lf^lolr
fil uEvt-t uzt=
=LlLl
l- olTle FoFl- .
!_Lt
==
9= Z ^lEf7f oJTl= tltf.
@ -sf+o-+ EtgfEJTltf. 0l -o
a=
la^l-l
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@ olTJ EJol tlrl.
^lz= =+rf. ^lzg
O eaf .gq^lll dlzLl E+6ftl. -d 7tl= 640-+ Lf+rf.
^ll
Ll+trl @ +g EHH6|q +7Ll Atr'l. rE= g= +eol Lf+flrf.
A EtTll A-d6l-ZLt ?|Lt. ol 7lE= gtrfsl. -d741 ++r #+.
@ ?.!^l= 6ltl. Ll+tf.
^l= E ^fErzl fl/.f=

04 ol+l .Eg 53
 c oJoll glE ,tol zoll =alLl+. 4t0l Llrl.
g7ltrl.. g"Joll +Eol Lftl.
@
Lltrl
=ol
-,a01 g7lrf. doll gloLlTif 'zJol Lltl.
@
=^l aalTl Lltf.
@) EEsl
^.cl/l =clLf.
ga1^ltf. aEol Lltl.
€)
^t#ol El?I 3^lolzl 6ltf. €0lHl:d7l= -Jal+.
C 8=oll
€) gjclqalTllt glolltl. EHJo-e 415E -d+Zoll -Jal+.
'Jelq L-Jalr ?ltrl.
@'Jal '5^1trf. f= g61410ll^l Ed=
/?\ E=
\!-/
F9 -T-"1
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@ ,\1+= LHrl.
Ll|trI ^11=6hrl.
@
Lllrl.
=4= ^lrl. ^lEg
@ rJg0l ,g7lrf. aF=i Ll]rf.

e E4tdlq Eh.Z ?,ltrj E^1loll,\l H-toE Ll sl^0ll,\1 Ll|altl.

Qrf
L|lelEl g6|] 71Ee tsol -Fiol L|1aJth.
@ 6f=oll^1 'gol^ltt.
@ oldsq- Hol-^17-lLl'5ol^ltl. 6HE^ll= qz gol LHal+.
=
e golLl"H+eE Ll-7lzl 6l-rf. +gol7t SHJg.E a7H= L|]"Jfltf.
Ll|"JtrI @ "Jsal-z L|1ol +trf. Htre gE= ollHoilzl L|l"Jflrl.
@ "JolEq L[|ELI|TI-. 4lflol a8?lE E.H+e-e LH"Jfl.rt.
C Eol= 6lq Xl ,\lzJ= ELHtI' g'JrJE 7l^lz
='J =rf.
@ g= 6l^l ?Jr. +1tr1.. r= 0f^l Etf.
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r= 'Jolrf.
e +oll^l E5ol^lll 6|-trf. +71"+=
=rf. +tl.
@ Eol+rf. r
^t+Et7ll ^f#= =ol
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@ 4€g q+. Efg=
o +lol^1 Eel 7ltf. +4= =rf.
soJ EL -d,t
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*Jol^l^l ?JZl Eltrl-. ral o4^l7l qoll ?ltf.
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@ sl=6fzl Eltl.. E= 'iol L1l Dlgoll
=aJ+.
e EzE --lcl ++. EE= -Jrf.
tr/.loll
tl+tl. EelEf0ll q^l= grl.
.JtrT @ 6hLfsl +^ll=
@ 7l=dl-trf. Tfqlaul EJrl.
@ Tlalol941 6ttl. el^l= .J7l sq.
87ltrt @ g€E geE E7lLl. qr+ l.lz= =J7lLl.
g"^!ol 7J^lnl7|7 | g .J7 rf
@ €7lzl 6l"tl. "J= | .

c u-BFeE E^lolrf.
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?J7l7l
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sJr+g.e=Ll. qF=ol
@'J:d= Hl+rt. =E
9111.

54 lcr'rpt"r1-"-!dolE
 o rl= /.fEr=ollTll r.+ Ll+cl+rf. .iIEE
I lE O F-l-l
EEI LI.
Eel+ €)rf= +-oE 'J-*E Hl+rf. rLlE Lll +o_=. EE Eal+.
@ 7l== =q
Lt|E= E4olrf.
c ^ll
olE *oil tsrl. ^ll+71= =al+.
48 +loil Frf
Ftr] @ Z46fz EuJ6ltf. 7l+l= =Eg --rLt
LHxl:'lnll =rL .
E/\t= ocirvil

@ 7f+= 7l^1tr1. nLE.g.

vt== ,/\ll =rL .
,\ -T-"t
r\!-/ xfnl olF _9flrLLl -7lHF-q ErL
tjvl -TlE . /lci=
=Ll =-1.
/vl
@ +16l| Ll| -H.oltf. \41 =
-
=tr|. =Edf7l
O "J= EdH Hl| +oll --ltl. Ollo
E-= --l
=-l
.

O ,.rzllf Hf^ltf LfE ol goil tr€=

=firf.
@ Eoll Hllzl 6ftf. += "^tE
=01trl
@ ofLf. nln lL
vfvlE H-A.n =aEqlI EO =f;r|.
Ed-r
66uf E= E)GL|.
^qEZl
/?\ -l Etr
qrf.
tr+trl @ grl. ^lrf= rrfrf.
^1"49 ^lrl==
@ E= +Oil 'Jrf. EO rrl -l

O rqe 61trf. /\l

LCtE
Ht-l trl.a^ll rrl=
LLt.:Lt r!
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.

u[-=c; r4e.
@ Floll,\l e^f7l- Hfl sl ?l= tq-aJq..
=0f7frf
@ TlEq 4=4 7l4l 6lLl. "Joll ttf=tf.
=al=Gl
O -g6l €q €r rEE E+61 Tfal+.
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gEF== rrl^ltl.
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-|v|-LL|/\|LI.

O ggdl EGI rol 7l9oll rH6ll rrf^l_r.

^l46ttf. LJTltl
++ --J TJo-E Ofdg rrH?rf. =flrf.
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e 4+l6lG E==El tl|E
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o E=ol^|7-lLf 4clTl toil r|]ol Erf. +ol|_f r= q?le.
e Eol -:1=ioll Erf. ^48 Enl
Evl tt4

+ltrt @ 7l?1ol ,J^l7lg=rf. 'J0l

E
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ai
v
l^fnt o.^totrL
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O 91 7f^l e0l E6lrf.

=dl-trl. tr];Pol ot=lrf
E6ltrt @ +^EZl Eel^l grtf
@ trl 0lAr-EEE|-+ fi.trf. +=zol E6lrf.
o ol-rL
L="t .
El-nl
tsvt
trlrl .

/D\ =al^l
ol-ulrl oltrl-nll trfrL .
^-t
"JtrI \4_/
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. tlr'ivll
^Ll
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oFrL
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"Jflrl-.
^H
€) trf+olq 4+. E+= gElollzl
o g= H|] +Oil EGe4rl. Hlo il-l
.
== "J+grf.
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qq- @ ?Jtr= 7f^lrf. nf o o
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EHr-L
---l .

e +01= -EEl|rl. I l-Ol-

-t -t-
EHFL
--t .

04 qfl EE 55
 C o,{+eE 6l-rl-. ol+^lE qol+.
of7loil7il
=oiTf1l
@ +g6fZLl 7l+trf.
^lxf^l= 4Q €al-afqol+
Eoltrl uluua;-.

€) HH0I=71L1 t=t11EZl 6ltrf +7t1? 7l=z

=oloil
C +oll LHr +6ltl. "JEol .goll HJ6lrl.
=E =ol7f a aJzS? L|| Dlalql Efltl".
r+61trl @,tol TlqEl0l '-Jrf.
€) E .gGl^l^l PJZI Ell Erf. -E4ol Edl?ttf.
ai\ 4.o
= Itrl-
O HL-I
-
o= c-l .

HJtrI @ 4^l= 7l ?L=

=!t =
H l-f-1.
E-t .
=tf.6ftr|-. ^l-d
-,|\r-l-9. HlrL
@ groll -Ei=
E"l.
=Zl
qalfi= -d= gE slElrf.
e Ea 7JLl71Ll EJot| Lt|tf.
BlEltrt €) ^ al^lrl ?JE= al7lLl g^lrf. dE 715 6f+-e
dftl. HlElT1l

O E6lrl ?J-r. E7ll-^l "+lltrf. +At= E6l^l LJr. tflEltf.

^l{el
e Edt|^lE= of Lr. rl+ollzl d=E -ELHtrl.
E LHEI @ g€-d +16l| 7f1l 6l.tf.
*J= EH-+oll _H.Ll|rf.
=4=
€) !7/lol "JE= EE6l-tl. ++= -E LHrf.
f1) +o= iHo ElFl- .
+et
--

Htrl @ TlEaf+. HrL r

6l.Tl-=. 4et
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Ifo tlFl
@ o= +et,
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e +al^ltf.
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€) *r|]6frl. E-g"E +erl.
e HfaJol tslolrf. HlH0l
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H?.!olaf-r. eEqlll Etl.
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'-_l0l EC=
=rf.
@ E7l= E+6lrt.
=+E=
qalTl+Oil=rf.
O'sq^l^l ?Jtl-. zol Erf.
€) Eol "JolLlrf. Eol Erf.
EtrI =ololl
O -Er46lrf. +-+roil Eflrf.
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O ,ile ]uf "+=r0l^l 'scl^l^l gJZl 6l"tf. Eql?l=el Eolrf
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E0ltrl olLI. E-AJ== ,
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g =11
cJzlzll o lL-I. B+oll 5 Eol^l
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e "J€-d ar.$il ^f=01 =q ?l^l PJll Elrl. d0l Hlflrl.
Hltrl @ +Oil ETlLl Eoll aol gtzl EJrl. HJ+9EEEgJ=a+g.rl.
^lu
@ -EF g0l s.zLl -g "Jg rf EL|loI '-Jrl. pl lrl.
H

^lrJol
e EtofEtTltl. flqal= Erf.
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EtrI =al
lt|-e rtE6lrf. gtf.
@
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@ EJ=cl LHrl. ++= Erf
^t|-e-e

56 Chapter 1 Eldol=
 c goll ++E.9.E -J7lLl. ^lo
E= E-
l-7lrl-
l-l .

g7ltrl =cl,\l |_Jel r|1t= *Falil|] a7ltl.

@ +€-d HJHE 7l^ltf.
q^lE ^fEdU +at gJe €=E At,J +EJoll g,flrf.
G) trrrf.
o =c. +8, lqE Eeof^ltf. cltrlLl= +01 alaftrtl.
=eE ?+71 86|]^l qE + g.tf.
d6ltrt @ 6H^l7lLl c71Ll4ZLf Hafrl-.
@ tf^l 8^l= "Jtf. "Jol 85l|,rl E e.olg gr=tl.
=01
e +go.E Ll-7frf. HlTf eE H.]Eol +!rf.
^lEoll
llltrt €) Hl"Jol ga1^lrt. al,\t 7ltrJol
^|lti.
o =ol g.Gl^lrl. ^laol ^Htf.
o ^H-a flzl Elrf. EalEol 87ltl.
g7ltrl @ Egol oltEl6ltf. qlHHll g7lrf.

€) clE gol golLltf. g7ltf.

ri) Eo =.-il| *Lrl-
^la7l /rlrf.
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gdlol
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o
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T.lg= E+rl. rf5^f7f^ltf.
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/t\ r.ll6lo trl-Erl

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^ll+rf.
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^ld1,l.1
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^lLl ^l=6fzl ^l6ltf.
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@ 4fd6ftf. ,1t&9 rf
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lAtrt == Ef30l ^ oJtf.
@ olgE
r;\ =0lrf.
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^f+
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-- -vlLl

o rf= gtrl. e= E+.

^FJoil4l olt-l-
@ g.= a= +6lrl.
Tl,\lo
eq /\t-i= E*t .
_dEoJ,J gal+. HIO CItrL
@
E-9- cCrL
c "JzLl-=J7lLl. E- =-t .
EtrI @ "JE-d g= 7l1l= gLl.
^l+dltl. Dl=E Erf.
@ trt== ElErl.
e 7Vl +16ll Erloltf. €4= +"JEltf 9Etf.
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e=rf.
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gEol
@ OldHrl Eiol^lzLl Eof^ltl. e=rf.
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ot= -e-rlrL

@ ,J= EZI rq€6lrl-. /il=21,9- -4.=lrL .

Ealq lEu= =Ll-l
@ ql^lE
^l=trf ==^l= =al+.

04 ol+l EE I 57
 O FE Eoll F=t|". F= grt.
"JtrI @ Af^l= 36ftl. ufgel Al^1= gtf.
/6\
-OO
\v,/ !E=
HL-l
E"l . 3dl= grf.
o E*g EHrl= d-rf.
^fLJ6ftrl..
@ *o-e t4+|trf. =.9
o=
xfrl
H.-t .

attrt €) Efalr. l-ll+rf. Fil/\=

et-= xfrL
Het i

@ Eaf €dl-tf.
^lel=
drl
@ trtg= €6|-trf. El=g Etr gC6.l 8+6ftr|-.
e zllltrf. u\l-F.e.
^rL
+trl @ gE 7f^lE= 6frl g+= +rl.
@ ,J€= t-altll 7lg= +rf.
"-ltf.
e SEol Ecl^lrf. +rl.
^FJol
€) Eol EEJ=01
=tr[ ^lal^lrf. =rf.
€) 7leol g,ol^1trf. E^I
=vl
--l
--t.

e €EraEf. E^l
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€) el^lE
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Ttrl^lL|.lrf.
e ^fl-+E
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1!trl @ tel|E "J=rf. == ^il -t .

F

ad =olLl
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e a|trJ6|.q ,++trf. ifalrf.
golrf. ^lLl"Jg
iEIEI @ "Je-d a==i'*+q zlzllE
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Eltrl
@ 35= 6ftr|-. .^71= Elrl.
€) 7iftr_Jzl Elrf. o/\lnl trLrL
@ +ol Erl n1=s;-. 0t|7l trlrL
*t
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o 4olxlzlr-l +^1^lrf. El^lrl.
EJrlEl @ ?Jtl^1 Hcl^lrf.
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El=:el=^l g+01 Elfitf.
@'J^l7l +'Jdltl. +EJol El^lrf.
e rJtrol Q*U= =rL
4vtt- i
^lal^|trf. =et

@ E^ll= d|]e6f+. E^ll= Erf.

=trt
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-TL
=e

53lChapterlfldolE
 ;
o rB^l gre SEI|E Eltrh. HJ=ol Ezltrf.
^{l7.lElol
€) 6Hr{Elol 7lgoil EH-d 4= +^il71
^f+E?l^|tr|-. =*1tr1.
@ d]|eslzlj E+A^l+. ole18 E^il71
=al+.
o €gol gol^|trt. Eol tr|tr|..
€) €col Btrol Eltrf.
=ol^|tr|..
@ nl+zl ,JeE EalLltrl. ElaTl trlEl.

O golLl H^l4l 6|.trt. *E9 trJelalr. E= tr|fltrt.

@ Eof i7l= LHEL|ltrl. =JH|l= trl+trf.
=olrtdtrhTl
LlEtLHol HolEl. E:gol "Jgg tr|fltr|-.
€)
6 urog r_flEf. +=el
=E= =al+.
@ ++9e H4'.E;rttt Eol"al+. oltrloll sq?
gE+ ^lag =alr
@ "J+al 'Jol iq'.al+. rl+Eoil4 4E=
=4 =alq.

04 ol+l 'EH I 59
 qlEqb Fol cHlqq= +4q 9='Jg "Jqlqq. HIE +4q g= +
q# El4l cl+lFH + *qE H qqHlH.qE 4"lxl * +qg *"J 7lq
^J-E

*r+H.qqElfl +qel Fg trl^l ^J46il E + 9l+q4. "t4.i "Jr glqot el

+qqEq+.

FY !^
. ./ t-vt-l Ft t-
vl Ll
=!l

E ^|
./ | vt-l | -r:-Lt
==vt"l
L

/t- O\ 7L-l fEff

\E=i -Ei Lf __l

iTJ:l rl HLnl-nl-l
/- |
=.vl-l =vt=vt-l
71't1 ^lrI
ovt-l of/\I=l-rl-
L
- -vt-l

/7l_a=Lrf
ll- vl
--.1 trf;l-rl-/--l Df E rl-
-l

r
4-vtrl
HH=Lrf 7l^rL
E-r.-l
+o vt+l oiliLofl-f
TJ:l-l
t: u l-l xul"l

-
/\lvlLl 01,/f6fLl
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t--t*l I l-rl. olrl]Fil=lrf
4t F HH rl
X*t tt -l

/E9\+7rl-i
\L-l |
Hlrlrf -lt
/lt
rf -l
I
--t-l
a- rl
7lt-l
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ll -l olrf/OC2=LrL
-\"t / | =vt-l
7)lLl HHfIltf
Lf,(ltf
I l-lr l-l /--lr lrl I l-lTlrl
Lt / Ll
-Lt
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^l-f/\lL-l
L-f H l=Lrl-
o"tvt-l xloF=LrL
-- vt-l
=
1_?,,!=1=1 L-F=rf L-nlrL/a=lrL
et t-l Evl-l/
=Ll-l
t otrl
-t--l --l

^.-l
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"l
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-L-l
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--t / 6-l 7t1LH.l

60 lchapterleldolE
 rH=6ftf HJ-J6ftl
rlllrf H
E-l
l-rl-

rll+rf -vt-l
l^lrl-
-=ol=Lf
o-t vt-l l- HJtH6ftf
nllrf HNITL
=vl-l
rr rl-
__l zfaf$rf
+tf d=LI
/Il9\
\E=,/
ol--tlrL
t-l xlrl-
:r< -l
=/
E TLf Lrl
r/\lLl Ll
I Lrl
u-l

:rrl -rlrL
--t --l Evll\lLl

" t--T--
-l =J7lLl
H_!
E-l
rl- At7ltf
IJ FH
4-tt-l TI- Ei rL
--l
(^l-doil) E+ .EGlIltf
Hltf
tll;rlrL ^ftf
=Lt"l
lJ
'd5olL-l
-l
=a1++
-:l AtrH6ftf
+g6l-tl +=6ftf
(-r-7H=)+oltf --l

fttl=l/2ff=l E 3l LHtl/-tr.-da;rp
I IEI-L
dd6ltl
i-\.lIltf gclLlrl
0|-7/l+/trqF6ftl LJH
l6ftl
g-J7lrf L l= rl
^rlln
^.--f--||"|--1--l
ol-llrL .:rl^lLf/?l^l^lLf
olrL _b.rl-
=-l --l
(71-d=) ET16ltl ti c) ' lrL
ol-El--7
lLl
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=/ ="1
tlEtl
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\r-l adrf rLrl
E-l
--l
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d1=q
Lfl
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o lrL o{f
eE't --l
l_

o lrL
tl "l r+l
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rl
ElOl:l
EflaPr; .rlEofr--f
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rUor-L
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04 ol+{'EH | 61
 TOPIK II

x-l
^lrf ufEL-l
^ol^l-rl-
| _t vt_l
"Jdapr;-
#4aEl
=7l6ltf
ILI o l7ltf
0lTltfi9lHJ6ftf
^17lrl
Il^=LrL
!t o vt"l 6fHrjrl-
rLd-l

^l-,^l=Lrl-
- -vt*l
HHf^ltf/EEl6ftf
+46ftf EJr[|6ftf
l\ -T-l
/-^.n
\=vl,t vl-l
=l=LrL 7)H.l
(^l=) El.tf LHAI+
trl=6ftf :J=LI
=
t_vt"l
F

/E o\
\E=/ --l -^.l----l
EirLl
rL
=L-f
lqLl )H.l
+ or^Fl
+Evt-l l- '^llel6ftf
fl-l
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/xlo\ grL l frl
\ -=,f =-l
nl6'fLl "f,\ltl
6l-ilrL
tll\l-l
I LL- rL
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L-l
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-tE t-l

Z-Jafrf
,J6ftf/^lltf/==6ltf ^f^ll6ftf
nF:l -l
-vt*l
Tlfl oll F
--t

zlo = +l +^laJ6ftf
'Zltalrf 7ltrJ6ftf
+l6ltf /\1^Ft
Lvt*l
F

7tH=:,\6lLl I ]tsofL_f
-Jtl6ftf 5E6l-tl
L-F/\l r- l"
d-l
o l+=l-rl-/tl-o lrl-
^ --vt-t/ --*l
| -l
--ofr-f-:l

tf86ftf =6ftl
:::^FI F
|
--vt-l

=JEf6ftf E|]E6ftf

=ofLf

62 lcnapterl-"iColE
 4E6l-tf
=46ftl//'lrraJrl
EEtr=l_rl_ n-l
vt-t--l l,\lrf
=
--vl-l

+H6ftf 6 +6ftf
IIFI-L
Et-l 6ClLf
EITL
lr-t
I l=L
r-d "r
E r-f
=J-l

HH TI slTl6ftf
EalrL 4lt
.tJ t="1 I

dfLf 6Eapr;75+6ftl
=trt 5+6frf
ofr-f 6a!6ftl/6lrl6ftf
ofr-f 7lHEl6ftf
EIEI-=LrL
l) tl tlvt-l
^lg6ftf
ofLf IfE/.aJ tl
-r
1__l
=rl-
6ftl gfE6ftl
L:lrl L:l
ovl "l
- vl -l
Ll
-^
H-l:l rl
of r-f vl"l
=Ll
6lLf €+6ftl
6HEtI
a[nlolrl_
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/7lrl
I =-l
04 rL
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Etr6ftl.
+:l rl
6ftf -
-
dvt-l

6ftf .\.\=LrI
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olELllaa6l.t
Tl6frf/EE6ftf

^f0ltr
+zJd
$r|.|
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olrJ
!l--r'

/}.at
+o

04 cl+l '=E | 63
rlll
-T-O 6-d
OHH
CH|.| T"tl

ct o,/\l
TL

#":H 0lq
9lo
il r-l
I

=!l
/\f^l L-f /\l
oE= u- ,

-rl*
/\l
_^.o
-rtl I

=
T..1Y Ja-
/\lE
=
4l rl 4l.^l
tll
-t-t
I,AT
IO^
6lr+l H t-+..1
tl tl
-E
o
=ll
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TlDlol Bl=l
=Ll
Ttil LrJ I

--J a4171?
4661 -:+
tr^l6l rU=
Lil5

xl /\1
r-f H l-Zf^l
- u- -tL -
1_="Xl /\ll^l
--- ----l ---'l
t

ol6F^-l I H6F/\I
o-
-|O-l
-tt

-- tl t 1
,/Lts
^'lx-l
*l.&of
4t! u 4L||EJ

64 lcnapterl-eqcol=
 f,+ ^lH-59 €el zlxlel Al+ql^J g+"e€g E*"1 rl-&El.ltrl. ++e€3 t
q=el EtrlEJe_tr= d4lE 9"1€ "J + S= $f+ 9ul€ +$tsq+. El"J
+ ++s€al +41 r H "Jr gsH q€ E4l7l +sq4s. +xll€ d41 €
+ 9+q4. "l4b gl. glqot g +s"s€8q4. +"F* ++s€g Fr+ El
4 qlqB^]trt.
ol) +ol d;6H trf=ol Fl;t ol-rrf ,^.
^lelq !f= + fn | trH=l7l ^Lrl-
"Jrl ?ol E-Lf IH7
o---r"I
=(=)
LHalgirl 77lI,xl E=lrl
I --- =Lt -t .

I rlolrlq(El^lrf) rf30l rEoo_+ 7E -dErf.

=E0l|_f ^lE|-zl
lolEtf 3471Lf ?J+iA-+.
| 86ftr1 E Ovt-t .

4oll Plrf trl=ol -dEl ag|otl olfl-

z=p_ zltl ="f-d
0l) Esq^lq IIHIJ
"||--r-=-|"|.
-JLI
L

Z&=7t|)01 rH? d=6H^ltf.

^1=6ltf =.f^l
aflol€ Eee d:tH=
+0lrl
^leLr.tf.
0ls rl "JE aH=af7l cl.i?l,\l D1r2 | ofEtf.
Gl el gg+el7l
+= Erl rL=
Ll E- /\lrLZl-nl
Ei vl
71d^l l-l rllxle
-il tt=
Hl-rl
E"l .
=Eeil/.|
?JLI +1= 6fr dg rf3ol ztrdftf.
7l) r+?JLl + +l(7|-) olsrf o +alzf -J7fEr 71^l =7loll flErr.
@ Ll+ qel H tr 1.

rfl=ol=Gl^l
=7171
?l(oll) e.lrl Eltf.
^f+ =q
4lz I z ltJE:l-l rJ^ | =J rf l HOl "J= -dtf:r LTI=1.
trl-o ^ll
Ol-nL-rll ElrL
il71 E4rl == =vl-lll
!lLl .

E7l clal8 oloFTl= EF= aol OlL-J7l 8?f

?t= eldoftt =cl -L

dl-tf.
?loll z=alq fltr-3 Laol Tl?ol d:6ftf.
=7loll gr.a1^ltf. =q
?loll
=qTfrl ==ql7]l
/n t-.lEf t-aF-- 6l-tr-l-=LrL
nlrr..l olnl Ll-r
vlE
\!_/ 6dul-l
7l7l tr+6ltl
.
=vl =Ei.g
@ r|.|+ rflcJofrf.

04 ol+{ 'EE | 65
 TOPIKII

7l7l 4lG e+aHxlrf.

7l^1171
=Ll
z[|AE ",t L-Jg E:.J= _EJL TH? 5"H6ftf= Fee Ole=
"J
g7H trJLf EJ.1 LfTftf
8E0l /.l,\ll= HHf=
^-E_+
=^ltf trtrg - f.] t l.l f
/' l/. l;f 7lll x=
'-J7H= tr1rf.
l-

- -vl/
L-lo xl-rL
ti'l ovl"l .
= =
/1\ nll
UIIT
o T4HLI
El -l-j al trL
t-Jol Etrzrl \I/

o\ dl lnll
\<-/ L. trltrl-=l-rf .
tvil r__ovt*t

E(g)ol dl= 1!01 7l=31 H7loll 0fLl#tf.

^lrf
HUI^IE= Tlqal+ rH+ oHEl-Zl 9e"UEZf 7ltf.ltf.
=(g)olElrt L l-
t-f.
ts(oll) ---l-l-ll --lr -] L-f
==d]^1./'il
ts(=) Ealq zJd=
=4rf.
!f+ Hq.
ts(=) "++rf b=
^le
Eo-1 l- 6l-o L-511-
ts(g) "J6lrf -r-^.= ,<-LI!
^l-o=l-i1 r_jct=
^l))9 ^l+=L7lt
dovl. l-l E= o-t.

ts(=) E0lrf /1\r.:

- -
llt
/.t-t F
.

.Jo17
E(=) +0lrl Af^l +-J= ul/\l _8.= /.l-JOl +0f fzl 6l-tl-.

E(=) trldftl I l-n I Ht_

EUI lt, /7-JO ]rl rl
-l:l oft-f.
=
n17'lLl b0l ?=dfZl
=(ol) =Gl7ftl.
7ltrf
Erl ^lE
O.r
nl^l_ol
vlo-l
=o
oL - iL ^il
xL
Fl_.I
-1.r'\"1=nl otrl_
/\ -l .

=(01) EIL rLaFnl

Erf LL..t E-t
tr_lfl-
LE*t .
=(01)
HHlrl HE-d a= aF Hr ?l= n|-| ulune Ole= g
=(01)
z=el+ _H7lcil rl-=oll ?JOi L4ol gltf.
=oil
tsoll "J6ltl .g4l-ftf. =^l =?H-d
^f+
tsoil 4rl
e q'! "J= E=6H^l ga6l 6l-tf.
== @ alTl Ll^l b= a71l E l.

tsoil qq
H TJn I r\ll I Tal I E-l
Xi- -'av | =L-f.
= =ul
Eoll,tl HclLlrf ,J^lLl ++oil^l Eltl.
^f+Ezltf.
ET ld= 9J.e71 _E Zl df
== =rf 6G g^l PJr Old;dfzl 84dftf.
E= eld6l-tl E= E^l ?J?,tLf
EFGI^lzl gAF ?Jr -sf t= 3^l6f= Eg= 0le= "J
=ol
#A6l+ 8|ol oftr6f_z 84ol + E6ltf.
=ol Eolrf -dAf= "JE-g gzl Elti.
=01
-J-z Fjrf
^l.=ol|-l =
qFo 1-HHf^lrf.
.J= gq ^llagoil ^l=31 rJd=
UZlgzll SE6l #+.
^lLHTlLf
E(=) "J0lL-f g5= Hfe df^l grr q=Zaltf.
=olrf

66 lcn"pt"r1-.-4ColE
rfg0ll LaolLl 847f eoF^l
trl== =tf
^ft!g
7l^l^l-Tl QJrl- =rf.
ovt,'t L5-t .

trlg= =rf
-
Hl+rf -QE-lo F+lrlrf
"lLl-l-
-
trlo EnlrL qL! aoll L7)lLl.
/\=
=vt-l
rll=l= ^|lrl=
-Axl=LrL
Blal(=) 6ftl ulLl
=
L=vl-l -

rlal(7f) Erf Tlqal0l +tlrf.

qal(71-) 4rf M^l Eltf.
qal(7f) atf(Eitf) ^lroJ^loll-l ^|A01 =+0N =dtJl
€oJol Eltf.
qal(=) Dl{= ,uJlj .$r+dftf.
Dlel(=)
=al+ Lf _Ho tf.
Edltf(+oltf) I
==6f71 ^J^f^l=
+A71Lf +oJ6H^l G]tr E= rrH r Gl^4-sf= +rf^l
Dlel(=)
=rl- 7l4a Dl.l= =
Dlal(=) '?Jrl xnl rl-l*t
.*t
=40ltf.
o"t .

0lal(=) ZA|-EJ rf== 7f-l-gtdltF.

^16ltl =EElTlLf
Dlal(=) ufz/^rlrHrf vt:
/\ L
ot,il- ttF.:.:
ut-=
Elt
I F=t{
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r_-l^FI
v|| !--vt!t F
.

DlalTf (et)
Eofzfrf gTlSEeE ,g401 El. rrJs=7.lLf rl^lrf.
DlalTf TfHrf AfiH6fq !f=0lLf 7lEOl 7l=61-tf
-irnl
DlelTf +zrf /Tltlnl ^-rl Ol-l-lt
lEv I o=/\l lE/ l"l L =vl ttl=L-L
dul-l .
ftlal= +lclMfrl !H+ 0H= ul^l
ftlal= }]+e+ o= 7l-ol-=eldflf.
Tl-nl O-l-
^l^l^l
OL--!OL,.|--rvIJ-|

Dlalql IH71 t-_lrf ttl fl.l

ul--.1
O-.1 /.f^] o -L-L:r
l-Oll | /\l
L1-d,ul-l ol /-rd:rr
laofl i--ff-,.
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nlTl
uf i ul=ul
^l=nl L1 il
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rr] .)-lrl rrL-
'FL rlnl-l
L-ful'/l nl-l-l
\4--lL-1.
=xil-f.
7lE olgel^l e_E=
=zf ^le =6Fq ^lol
Tfal^l
O GI.1E0lLf qe= +E4r -d5dftf.
@ Gl,! g= 6HE El=^l Uf El=^l 84 "J dfr ts56ftl.
-gJtrl
===
ulE+(=) q+ 'gGl^lrl-.
^.lEoll,\l
a=nll | alT.ll -tl77df I Hl"r-il ' il-r' | ,,r-,1
_i1 EulLl =717.19 -..I ' r-+-r -tMl/1| Ln,/1t-l Ln4l
HfTfIl ,utf/^ l+tf =.-Ll-Hr(=
o lL-f.

HlTf^l(=) +_+ 0fLH7f HtrollZl TJ^.l= A6fzl 6l-tf.

Frlalg LlrL=tf ti= GltE -d5= 6f-i= rf=o1 87lzl dftf.
"l El =
6-l
^faJollzl
HfaJ= "*rf E+ fi.O1 qF+ aF^Oll Lfe^l ?itf.
A|IHHJOl
HfaJ= $lrl )lE= Hf+.1r H+oll LfTfrl.
"J H-l. Lflltf GlrE g= 6f7l ?l6H 4+4ee g56l-tl.
gg Eolrf ol^ldfrl-

04 ol+l .EE 67
 ur|ltl *t1/11=
-l{l-
fl -l
rELl
"J= ,

g0l b; rf rltHt-. /.1tLaFnl DJfI

ot-i /\l"llL L6-l ,
=! -vl
TL n lO-lrl
vt="r"r.
"Jol "Jtl. =

E= -"1=tf soH= ?Lo|]tl.

El^lrf rf=01 rH+ -J=JeF= t-Dl.l.
=8(ol)
HlgTl= EH+rl rL-
Ll lt-i:rY
/\l Ei = /.l"l /\lz I ,^t,\f^Ft
lil F-rt,4t O L__t v | -t t- .
-'
zlrf trZ= 7f^ltf.
^q$3= Hl?l= aa Z=alrf.
+(=) frrf '-Jql +o'
='ualzll
+(=) #Olrf !f3= EH?tf.
+(=) rrrf[r]-Hrf] -Jel rf== "J-1a 'J7latf.
I l- 71719 Gl T.ll^l-rI .
+(=) Bu|l=rf ^rl.l
^--ll"l -O= -/'llvl*l

+(=) 40lrf El^l ofL-ldlTlL_f E-d "Je nfi$ zlegl6lrf.

=+e
/\l/ lol
-rL-7 /\l-AO .]]-:lrl- =^l
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=-=
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-t
^fal+ !H+ 4801 ElGl rf==
+(=) EH+rllEfrl =0lti.
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E=
E=l- -l
.^olL-f.
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^--|U|-v|+v|-|!v|-|i

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^lg6ftl =P
7fx1nl trln-l nl-gnl EJrf
+(ol) Efrl -i-dvl !lvl "l-vl =-l
.

O sl= '"I7lLl E+fitl ,J501 +ral^ltl-.

+(01)
=4+ @ 7]=6ftl HH +01 Tfafgttl-
+oll g6lrl nt-enll TltlL ofol
ut-vil +"t
q.lcil
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clELf
LLd-l .
-Ltr

+oil g.= "Jtla|1 -Anfe,rl- rf =7.']1

;f!
vtL
tr_t
d

+= =JaHtl +ol ?j3 8E|l= E6iZl nJ=tf.

=^l =
al7l .l7)q q=il g= -J6H 4-d rf=01 e=tf.
+01 #rl ^lgcl
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=rf(=ofLfrf) ^fcql
olnl rrt LrL
+oll 'scl^lrl. =vl ="1 -l .

+= Gtl. clrg g= ELHtl.

+= rHrl Glrg g= ++6ftl-.
r-rLr..rl= -rf---r ILl- LHE Olo --tr|-=Lrl-
+= $!rf -ltal:
r: I'
--
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=^ll7l-
-=-=
#= E=7lLl HIEOI HHI-ezl r.l! a=7llf LH.l= _EE= r Eg=
t-t-
LfEfLH= trJ ^al.
+d+d Hf-Joll trf+ 'SGI{]
=7JZ
dft_i^ l GE -e.gf= +EfLH= trJ

0f+ 43 6fb r -?$= LfEfLH= trJ

=g=g s4^ll7f ^4eLH==]t"J= ^E-lr-f
:== AalL-f r Eg= LlEfr-H= trJ
^l=^l= qelTf =Of,(l+^l= of= Es= LfEiLH= trJ
^l11^ltl ^f+
trEtrE Tl=0lLf HJ+O1=7171 _FJO| rH+ +=aJzl I L, 4g- LIE|LH= trJ
gral BfP A|EOl|-f +.17f 'gGl^l7lLf +?^l E+Zl 44= LfEl-LH= trJ

gB Eg= LIE|LH= DJ =el=

-eUEOl E/.I LHslIIl=
E6l= ",t01 rH+ if^lr trz La= LfEfLH= trJ
=7)=7) =-zf
dfLl^ l qe goq 8.l6fE Eg= LfEl-LH= trJ
^|+^fr =7J= g5=
0f+ rlrt6l-Zl +^loll qaf
"Joll-l ?tZl df= -=.g= LfEfLH
^E^E L=
^4
ili{
"J0l 7lEg.Ol 0l+ EFEIGI 7f= EgFg LfEfLH= g
i{.*{ .FJg s4illTl- 'J^lEe= Eg= LlEl-LH= trJ

E=ll-r E^il :F---1.

H-.1 I Z\l-7 lL .\=l Ef L -r EOFl? *t l.l r_ trf
EO
^{tfl -
- r =11)lr*r =, tL !Lr. !L c= | l_tr|_t
-t -||L d.
=^11/ =L4l
+a_l+al rf+a
,.t ol=rH
_r ===lL- /\=l Etr! _-l Fo_Fg I ftrLt r.ll
r rl Ll LllL trl-
=d=
d =ol
=vl = =71=
I L
---
-tr L_
-L -Ci = =
7L-tlt tr]nll /-7lL olffl-rl- g;l
a. t*t I r__-
^l^l
ffll
."[Ltvil tE r-.1 I fa!
rl rL Tl^l L+l
/ l= -^.f le I"l l-tr|-t
Ll -tl l.l
^nll
-vil/.| =Ll -
r- trl-

+=J g= gel s{^ll7f +0f^l Ee= LfEfLH= trJ

=61 ^al= tl=
+Aa EE-d E^ll7f 9!qaf Hf+cll EGI^l7lLf +=^l
.alrl
oo =^llel =4
L rLl
_L=l= | l_tr|_t l.l r_ trf
L -l -l -llL
= =

EE += r7il +l= 4-1. _E= r Eg= LIE|LH= trJ

,JOl
vlvl =df7ll ^iEll
Lfeal= 3== trf= + fi.cl 9.lrfaf EllqelE i3+a15 LfEfLH= EJ
ElqElq eg0l dd6l zts _ag= LfEfLH= trJ

EEIEEI
--r-=--r-= gtcl 69z.l= Eg= LfEfLH= trJ
trf=trf= =oJol 4l.:-E
TTI-=/\eof =^f ^f+
FoFg I"l ftrl-r
Ll 'ilLl.l! tr_t
=r]l+r-ll
L!-ilLlLil Ll ro=
=

76 lcr'apterl-4ColE
 9l+ ofaH_tr 7lg71l
FIE _=.gl= LIE|LH= trJ
"=aJEal HfaJoll 9lqaf HHf =7 E^fZl Ll+7tl= EE= r sg= LfEfLH= trJ

E.=.EE.
+o4o ^el. trJ
E56fZl Aol rlr e=af3 Eg= LfEfLH=
.+.u-IEEL-i
-
I
q=iol tf E= rH+ E=6fZl HE=-J-r. EJ+o1 gt= LA= LfEfLH= trJ
-"jE^15
€c= + fi= .J= e"JE"J6fq +E6lzl Eg= LfEfLH
L- nL
L=
^f= ^lFe=
,tlll Efg== Eg= LfEfLH= El
=eol ^lflAaJzl
"Jtf.lLf E0l glttlal =zjl Eal= Eg= LfEfLH= trJ
L-Lts 0ll*o-+ Eg= LfEfLH= trJ
^J+-oe ==el=
Z= qP cllflLl t=al= Eg= LIE;LH= trJ
=},!=tr! E+oll =01trf+ E===
E8U€ sg= LIE|LH= gl
'J^lZl
^fE6f=
Ell+sll+ EJ^qOl #q ?t= Eg= LIEILH= trJ
^=^4
Eg= LIE|LH= trJ
^f+ ^|-|E3l =btr6|-=

04 ol+{ '=E | 77
 €4 ztzl ariql^1g trt"J+ ^J€rol 4.71 %q qE _s.E €qql^lE +zllE r+
g agqr+. 4"J,* z}aq^J zl+ ^i+61= qfl= €EqFH, q€ +zll7l q
gq4E 3n"11 "J"*e qfl= 54 +41= €rll € + 9l+qEl. olfli. "Jr 9l
{ot E elag q+lEqr+.

*
zB {]-z TlEl 8'Jfl E= =r,+al {lEl gfLH o-
!d
olt
uEtl
l.l OIT ?JLH
=ol

5^l

rr_q {lEl0ll Eej6l+ "J6l-tf /.lE "JH= Sol6frl d:.Jflzl8.J6lrt

=EJ= g6ftl.
AF.Jflzl rltr EgF= fl6ftrf t!^ilE= $Lt|6lrl E+ 71ts-d E+^l
^t|gE=
41tr UEoftf

=61
oo
p]nlt-l
-t-td 4rild TlLll^l traF ,^.lTt E,qIE liFl
=Ll|d
qfl 9tE
o-
FL
HOI - tr1tr -8f3fl
=g ^tz

g.'il
ll^f7l-?ltt qlqrdEl gjdgE= r]|rf rl.4E Hl+rf
xlo
E=
il-rl
^-l
d|7|- +oil srl

78 lcr'apterl-"-4ColE
Gtrd g^t
E}E E
7V' 9= 4tqE zlE^l r.,\lfl zJalHl u-t- ^EH
rIJ

trl-.J HIAJ+ d71 ll.lxl-6f

,.IIEOTL +E^11 /\t=
u-
^il8 g^tl
oftrf_=. 9l.lrett _e.a] flE +IEEI 0l^f=l
E7l e= d^ll 8s +EJ7I E+
^l-+lHJ =7l|"J
EEi ol^f 6l-+d o-f9. 61.^. -l3J EtZl€

E^t
0l^foltl

eE^l

AIE 7l?Jol E|_frf -r.Eol trlaldltf/Eltfdftf LJgol g Elrf gfol E{rflolErf

HJol Hltrl uol sJ6frl H-= LHtrI
=rl.
^l€01gat|Elrf
+l^l7f d'J0l +H 3^l7f
=trf =rl =tt
xll.ll= -9.=lrL ^13 ^l
TlaLl/=Lt E^ll= LHrf dE er1
^l6Eqql^1
Ilo -Q.-7 lrl
H= ?nl t.-l d= eEJ6frl-/0Pldlrf d0l 5+rt dddl
:d"!01 =alH+
Ef aEt€ol Eal ?lrl
=rf

E@
Efi z1ztr

SOlcrrapterl-4ColE
EEGT
B^l
7L=OF
'lTa ZEt l- 47lE r.g Ll|A[ EE
-T-6-
Erln lo t
E=9J r=E rlxl9.
--r--io Htr{- SHle+
-O =ro
€Eel7[ /\E.OF 40tzl +E^ll ^l+?.!7f
,\ITF oJrl
-o-
galleTl otot ^El^ll
947 qal otG el^l
=- ^.{-=
vt-E -I-l E
0lHloJ+zf .IFoq
OE €u7[ .^ldOlTl.
oo-t-l +l =a7=-1ll
[IE€
trl+7f -delfl 61|g^ll sJ^l
^l'Jd ^lJll ^lE

E^t
ZEA;r.; [email protected]
E E+t-l rf l6lrf q^l+ rll0lrl
E^|etl +zl^lrl +0le=tl H!ltrf

€^t6ttt t€aPp tflaP1 E+6ttrt Tl€6ttrt

-tr6|'tl tr|fl6|"trl
^lldltrt ^|e6l"trl

Eg^t

?J7l01l'JE;lLl rfa+ ,\aj1ltrf 7Eleol glrl TlEE 6ftf

tsEoil rrlrJrl Ez:tzl 55ol ddftl
q0l =alq
+lrl
=01
+^lrl
=01
goll Edol=EElrf
87|tr|. H|]=01 Lltrl
=ol
Eol Llrl E0l 'Jrl +4rE0l €71tr1 E4= A+
Ar^J= LAVI gr Elrl +01 ,qal+ += Blltrf
^=dltl qE q+ ol ol qE HIETI
/.l+01 LlHulrlEl r--t Hnl u 4rl
^tdi^.|+oil --l
qE el a.f0 l(X-ray)= =Jg dltrl g0l Llrl "JU= 6ltl
=Edltrl ^ l

7J?J,JT.]r= tlJtrl + l-= "Jtrl T]E= tJJtrI

^-l"Jdg
gtrl
ETlLl anlTl Lltrl Llgtrl nlTl Lltrl
=^l7l =Eol

04 ol+l EH I 8l
 ZEIHE =.oH
E-
rL- |
++ ,\l97l-E cl+?.! 5==
=Ll
EII
^l+ -d= 61.o.
916t r.1la7lE oo E=^l.E?l=71 -J=

5^t
#dftf o l=.=Lr
HEvl"l
L

^t|gEdltt
^lE6ftf trJdap1
6ll^l6ftl
^l+6ftf

Efl
rU=o HI.FL E^'le /v\lrl EE E.4Tf
4Ef0lill= 6l.tl "il== E-l !Ct= fel

+trf HI"JHE= +erl HI"JHE= qq44+ -a-o Hlr-L

== oJElLl! rJe= t!€6ttt Lt+= Ial6Ef
da^l= larf EilE= L}|trf
7lE= trJ=tl 5A= "J=rl

Efl
fle=€ "J7lrl-lEaJ6lrl Hl-
d
Glal= trh7
Ez
lrl-
l-l
HJE HI+II HJ= qlgoltf
=+l=
g^l= gJolslal+ Ilo trf7 lr-L
E4= +trf E= d=
=.
t-l
=ol+trt
E'Joll
=tr|

04 ol+l EE | 83
TOPIK II

€4 zlxl +ztlE El"J+t+"1 471 %q elE -e-= €qql^lEEzlle'lg 4

gq+. q"J+ +4lgs ^l+ ^t+61= q+l= CqqlFtr, 9€ .Ezllzt Llsq
ot4= "Jr 9l9ot
+E +^llql "J*e q+l= 5611 +41= drll € + 9l+q4.
€ izllH q+l"Jq+.

+,tf6ftf ,JEJ6l-tr|- 4E6ttrf 4al6ltl r4?l6ltl T lrl|6lrf

Ecl^ltl- HJ€_ttrf
TlHsldftl Z86ftl Ealq.
=aEl 96[|6ltf q6Et
/.frldltl- €a1+ !trJ6ftf
ol!o[r[ =nl6ftrt 4ol5frf af=ol6ltf
?rh rd6hrl
=rJ6lrl
Alo=l|6lEI 6-E!l-l A=q6Et

eE^|.
-r alr-L EJ=J6ltt
7ffrtrf
-:'r E hr-
.!HLl
I alEq. rHel 7luu61-

E/\lrl. tr lr[ H -rr alr'l- _=J.lFLrl

EJEJ6frl --r- tl -l
ElLrdftt H"l T4Het =
ovt-l

E"-|6ltrt +=dltt /.haJ^aJq- +d6lrh

^lEdltf
otElrl oqaf^alFl =Erl
ol-=.rl-
0tflrh oJ4aJ+ tl"l oo-E-l !tHel
€trJ^aJq =

IhaJ-^aJq- rl€:6htl ^71f I d|trldl-tf *4dltl

?E6ftrl =
tl"l

g+dltl aJEJdfrf +d6ltt

Efl
7lEol tEol LlEt El4= ].!rl EAJ= LAILI
=tft*l
rrEl-g. L-l7lrl E$01 -Fitl Iel= .^Eall^= Etrl/Etl
TE=
-" ^l=trf
t-ztltr,l 9ttrl
deE 4+ elqol 87lrl.
^f+CE ^l^laol Ll-tl
gtEf €+l= ^laltl ill€€ LHE.I ilh=01
^|-{lol Lft[ +61= 6ftf
gE EtrI --J+= +ltrt e|-7|-

34 lcnapterl-4ColE
 Ilolol
HL=

Elr-l-
+aJE6ltl aa -l Eat|dftf €aJ6lrt
=allE.-frf
€71^ldfrf A--FI
oLvt-l
F
€al6Ef /\ t--rLl -il7|,^l7lLl

'J+= =rt fl^l= HJII l..llEle

ut-= HITL==
/\/\tT-
4ArL

E7l= EFrf
=rl
)HLllLJLl
=E
,\l=J= a1l7l=
=Ll

EaH= €al6Ef ^ Ealdfrf

o/\lo AIH O ElrL/LIrL
F0l +7j^lrl E
-=
xl-oF=LFL
CiLvl"l vt==
=-tl =Ll 8E er1
dT= eq 8+215 trJrf/=al+

-r610 .fq rLI H

|-
EU ETHH^I
o4o Ud trIE EH HtrT
-u
H
u-t6i
.{o lrH of
dE ouo 4EF=aJ -.^..trltl6 ,\l-F
-o-
gell=71 "J?g E
trl =E
cco
ddE +g= ?lt al+/+= xloq
UEO
EH

^ll^l ^r[|
EJ+el-=
TTITI Efi
=all4Ell=
*tTo Q-- -d
H r-l

zlE.6Ef 7l^ldftf d+l6ltf qlHJ6ltf

E,\l;l-rt ^Af,\l7lrf
:-r?6lrl
trg^l7lrl tr^ldltt - -vt-l

-7L
/ tEvt nl EfEf-Lr-l-
HHvtLl 4?Jql ^-]2J # Z=0 | glrt 7J?J}ll sHErl/olEtrf TJrJ= o-H^lrf
+^14?] dfrt etrf^l7ltl -?o =o-]^t-l l'el-= HJ^ldltl
^l^l.=
LlTf g=6ltt
=+= HJE= goTltf
qalTl qxlaJ+ lllE-e gTlrl
+Eoll g-BF= rl^ltl +aJ= 8=JalaEf qF=oll g=ol aH_azal+
ggol =EElrf
fl= Hadfrf oo{/\lo
-I-rld= lFrL
-7
/ t.:Ll d=+= -aldl^l7ltf
==JElrl/E+"-frt
E=+ol i1l3='$Gl'.altl
^l6fElrl ^ll+= 3af6Ef/?^l6ftf ^llPol
EealTEf
4l=JaJ= nl_+E 6ioH -\al..e.
L-J= -=.r[
H.-l co4 +sJol EElrf
=-
=71^l7lLl =Gl+rl-
04 qfl .EE 85
 e^11 ?l7l e{l ^lE 3^ll ,JfiZJ rE ?l7l -o{l
EO'll
/!E

4Hl +E ItTl +4 -T-l.

-lL I

^E ^l|E1l3 ^18

z3zl7l oJ ,3^ll7 | gE6 ltll?l+El trt z3xllzl =J7l= nlEf a^lPJLJol fltrt
=rl e{14 += +al+ 3414 olelol g8-.ltt AHl 8=J
et|= €4q =rJ€Edf=
ELIl I =La|-;l-rl
=.=l-7[ vt-vt-l +alslzl F^fdftrf +E e€E +rf E7f 8+el +fl?]
E7l7l +e.E +ltl +E7[ LfEl ,\1trJ Z^ll7l ElgofLltt
=71718A6ftll6f+61tr|- = += +Tl=
4Hl7l EJdafEltrl- +€sl +al7t ?ltl +g4 ^l=E zJal6ftrl 41rt

,\la|= trJtl/=+6ltl-
+l7l= +7171=E6ftf/E+61trf
+= sl=E7l Ett Tt|HJ6ltf
EEiol 87ltt F^l-= 6f+^1lB
+7171+€i6ttl-/++6ttl +^l =al+ =0l^ltrl
^l8oll a.lgol 866ftrf
agTllEaJT E "*tr|- 6t417 l^17 i SAdE[/'Sol^ ltl

/lTl-J .ii-.1+ /lel qt€ oJ€aJ I 4rcarg

^[|6t|

=,,\
L+6ftl EF3qq.
=C6ftl =56ltf E7lohtrl-
€86ftl/dntldltt !86|tr|-

eE^l
,Jtr6ttt

THoJel g+= ++6ftt zlel= ?=.14o+ rl7ltrf 7lLH7l atrl

^ll+rl. ol+rl +floll 'JEEltrt
E€ Ol+rf !E+= TlEoltf uE l
=E=
OI HOI -EIE
E-E= + fr7lr,l
€-'Jo daJE +=J6lrf
=€dftl
6ldE tldftl d+-d 7lE= +al+

86 lChapterl-"iColE
r

/t-
E-
7tE71
EO- 7l|E 7H^1 70qxF
ouo alTH =.^'l
-o
[H+^
ETlT-l Hl|+ tl oll otel+r|1
-rrl\ |
= E=JAI UE E-fll
I
I

^l/.f6l ^18^t
z7 Eq OJ oq=61 gEI3J S-BF ,'.l€ o tH t-/\l
=d- "JAFfl r,\a
-f.^ol=.
4|.4 EtJ{
LlO ol-i
-= =-G
^9q =E^l =,\lEAf

zJeJ6.ltrf azJalcl HJgdlrl 8g6ftf E=61tr1 eJE.6ltl

=trlCTldttl

7E/A=/trl€= E4rr 2lE9

EO=
Hlf
E-I
L aJ'-4= Efldltl +d0l ^l=dltl/EJEJ6ltf
TJZPJ}|'J^ltf LHEoI EqE46ltl- €g+g.rf tH="1 +l-BF0ll +tf
++= HHq= sJqofzl 4ef6ftrf d4i+9e E= Hl|.E.dftrf ?.!€gtt
^ltflHJtrl ^ll4l4o+
/t=Ol Erl-
+-vl
-*l
!aF= HfEJ-o-e 6El of+ltol '-Jrf E7t+01 Hq++
4f=d0l +lclLlrf gtrt E= qlD|ldlrl -erd=
=ll_== ^l=rl
6^+01 trtrf =Ell6Elo
-ct/-d=
Hl-rL
Erl

_/_^.ll tltll EB 7^l #=tr .=.GtHnl

=rdvl
rl^l= EB EIE+
H
=r!
txl-\ ,\t-,\l
uo 4f.A +A 6Ef llTldl4 l^l
o 17l=
==rt o
9|a{
E-

oHitl
-,.t1
qq^ o-/\l /G^l
-T-d/
=o ?TC ++qg Ol-
EEI
| oxlrfi
TTd +d^t
o-
o4 0ltlElEJ^ d?F+ =a{
o- ed traJ

5^t
Tl|HJdftrf Tltgoftf 7lq6Ef L|lrfErl "JZA;C;
H Itri:LTL qlz16ltl EJddfrf E I vt-l
EJll6lrh
ovl-l
=

Efl
Tlrll= E6l;1 olt-l_ llrf trJtrdfTloll 0l=trf
+l+71++Eltrl ,|E||-.t-4_|
'J-dE
trlE-71| r-trL/Er-L
E"l Erf !trfal= ?al= --rz ?lrf
=L' ^ell ^HE8 ^l"J= ^llBdftf
+a1l= *olE + g.rt E7l= EFloltl

04 ct+t 87
=E I
 TOPIKII

€= Eolrl. Iflol ++6ftrf rq trJAol gq6Ef r3g0l

=rl-
=r8"l
r?ol 4gafElrl 2P+= )l+Ll +01= "++rl- til=-J$ EJdltt
=^ll4 oJ^H= Ht|gF6ltrl
EE=-d r8ol Tlel i.lIEHI=
=oltrf
"J= B- 6ftl rfTl Ttr4 €:BFgl 'gq^l+ 4daf aE= galq ,,'.frq
^lLlTl =^11
$el+= 7l=Ll

7.A.Fil,\ 4Or
OO I.ETlE 7l^|-q +^1tr rro xl=xl
"l E oTo H1^ sl^ 8+8
Ilt-flu1,'. ,tl9lul,'- t!€E G EgI 9l_H-
o- 3dE-:i= g'J5e .5.^lG
o--
*-E3I -HfG tr1+ E^IE 61..^.oq
-JO-
==a
^l6|=q =q= ^la

=^t 0l+dltt
,J0lEl.rl _E4|-6trt
^lTl6ftl
f:[rI Et^.:lrl
4fE6ltl =Havt-l
=
HOvt-l

E50l EJaloftf/Etr6ltt aETlE= SEap; E6ltl E"JTloll 7f-=.= rl|tf

=01
HJrH oJ-do+ 7lE Eltt .fxfnl= xfr-l
tl-l
q= xfTl E6ltl
^lE -rlvl= ^lLl^ltrf
E+Il= Er-tl- tl^= .'J'JZ Eal,\lrl
=^ltl

SSlCrrapterl-"iColE
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:-1xf IPt frf

!o el deJofLf trJ7l^lrl Hl+rl
HJEdftrl tH,\l=lrL
u Evt-l
irl^trlrf L+l-l
s.I=dl-tf
-l

EE
-iltrJ EJ=01 TlEdlrl rl^f"J/^4ar-oll | ?1rl Hfr-Eol E=Elr[ ECo+ e.l=
"J-sf
+al HJtrl g=01 ?lrf ="J0
g+- Eda;r1 *01 4 DlLl/P_e,J6lcl
^lHl^= o/\lnl
f,=7|-dol E --vl
/\l-=LrL
Ctvl"l 4rE0l gr Eltrf dflol 4^l^l ?Jrf
^l|_lrl EtrF[
xll=€ THEidlrl EAIg
!o= EEI
^llE€ ^lE6lt[

E^t
-rE/\Hiol rLEL-nl Hai+n
Atr 7lAf€ =
EiT-fl
LHH ITH
ooo L6=vl x=Evl I
HIHFJ

AF-d^IP EIt|OF oo/ /oq^1

oq.Af
ovl
ct6l
OO "J-nx1-
^lzltr Il+ xl=.=o ^feld
u- o--r-//L-trr
=rr TIH I
E--r- /.to TlEzHul tl6E-r trErl+l
^17\u/a7lt ^llrJSE
nl^1/ala 7l? +/\l EO 6++0lE EJAI.

eE^l
7lx;Lrl- E-1r1.
tl"l ttl*6ftl --r-HLl Alrl|6ftl
,\J=6ftf dd6ftt EOTLI
:l -l llg6ftl A I,\ ELr-l.

iH46ftf E=6ftl Efd6ftf +'J^l=dftrt

=rt
E.E
7E/EE ElLl +=ol zlrf 7l8ol +rflL+rt 7l3ol +'gcl^lrf
7 l?o | f rfllll al 7 ftrf
qEol -Jul7l E+rllEal+ E=l^aJ+
=tl7
-JitlTl 0lCfdltt gol ^ltrf '-J0l Eal+
=ul7l
9q
^l=trf =01
rLEnl E--l
E=iol rH^11_+ E+7Jtrt rl?l/+?l= Elrt
^ltf
rlfl= q+ HFJoI H7l|7l +i|'|EE 6ltl
=rf ^ltl
grf/r-l+
EiHxl+7f Er[ Hl E +=01 tsrf/+rf HlTf Hloll 4rl-
LLITlTl LHalq +g0l grt -4.E -7 L
| -+.rllLfrt
fr'll
oJ)H7l TtlLl
r+ =+ tf =L' ^'l
gTlqE=
e^PJoll +13= ?tl= ^ "J-Lxlu f aq
=rl-
8Ef7l,t.l4rEltrl E^f 6a1^lrl dEiol
^ltl
E|lEoI
=rf
EHE:ol nlrf oHzf cclY^;.t
^lLtTftl =+
04 ot+t r'
=e I
 E^l
717l^1
E--
rlIIlIl lolIl
oE- AlIlxl
uo- oalx-l
+-- El94
^F4 ^114r-^f

7)=Ll
=^l
TlELltrl LHE6ltl 8d6ftt dEa;r; FHII

Et^l

,J€= 6H:L/.l7ltrl +=-d rJcE EaloJoTlrl LHEOI-:l=6ftl 'J-J-d

HJ- _H.Olrl

-t.=4o+ E.--l6ftf tsalol i=01^l ?Jtrf EaJOl golLfrl/Etrzrf EHal trJ+E.e. t-DlLl
E|l6ol gzJsftrl- E€dftrf E71? HJ- g+ +U-sf U- ol=o1lHtrh
=EA= /.faloll tllzf HlEJol^l=
HJA^l€ol gq6Ef l.lal HltrJ el^l= tt|E6ltl ,t.f6l€= HJgoltl
_Eq++
cE40J ?l7l= €=elol .sGl^ltrl Ir;1o; +gal7f "J96lt[ qE= adolrf
E- rzltrl=rl. elE= 'J6ltf !7171^l=6t|^ltl +46frf
^lLl^lzl
4-ef= EalgoTlrl E8E grl nEi+ol
=.trl
+'J4?] uJ- ol=oll]|trl-
= oJTl=
=
s+raJoll
+4+
=940J =Eoltrf

E^l
Z =.lE/. 8E=,t 1
zJaJE,\l rqE,\l E^I E4 E/\I
+E H lo 17l-xl tlg-=,t l

A|6f#s. .t|g u-=.r.; +E4 E EE elE

^l€
Eel
^l€
-d+-=.,t 1 flrf|4 +sE^l

eE^t

Efl
-Ao ==U
7l-4. !E <)vtl z€ 4lElol +TlElrf -r.= g.Jol o=7171+6ftrf
-O
=q^l+
r.q /.|€ol ?f6htl rE; iil=0il +^l= 4€5ltl E|1eESol EaldEf
^l=al+
tr +"J= Ej=6ltt Eat4 dlEiE +al+ +^l dlEjol trlgfdltf Hr4Hi4-d "J-J +€ 0lFh
7lU +=6ftt 8E7l7l "JE6t| 9ltrf llLHHl,\ ld= €Hl6l-trf q+EE '++rf
^lal ^l#= oJT E_=2|gr| =7J=
9g HJ^l €^48 trFJdl"trt fld4eE 4l7lEg !+71E^l_e
^laldEl =alq
oJ+71d=Eltrl ?.!+el tr=€ q^lEftrf ?ltrl7f LJ^lLltrt +^f e=€ Eddl-tt
-eH ts4 EArol C46lrf xloJ +^loll --Jl trl

90 Chapter 1 -"iColE
 TJFI Erl clolTl-
-
E
ELI
--r--l 8A^t| +. gta

alE:lrl-
=ovt-l

E/+4= trfLltrl qo|E gzdftrt qoE Etrl qoE +rl

^lol
EE
EO -lrl
E/ ILI E- 7l^ltrl lH7ll= l-_Jrf
+dol ?1rl
gE --Jrl g= EtrI oHEallTf Elrl d43 trJLlrl

a7H= r1=0lrl +olrl

a7H= a7H= rl+_e rL=le
"t Lt=
EE{rL

F *se Hl+= Ctl gee. +orl ==q =-l

F += +E€ #trl +E=e

^Jl+rl
trlZ= Er4+ E14= L!rl Hf_g. x
== + HElrl
E"l Afill= FIE 4dltrl
+71+oe TlE:lTlLl gU +4= 6ltl qrH= o.+ Ealq olz|i= tr1rf
g== !:.a;rl grl+7|.+= El
-=
o !t"l
rlrl r.t-g.
| --r-Lt"t
=-rr=lr-t
==
^ll+trf
Hgtl
"JAIE ztlrl zr+ +al= dal= E6ltf -=lal= *j*olzll nlcf

E g^l
h4 rl+ElEjal caFl +|g u+raJ ,..+^ UA ,\l,r.f u+rgH
8*xl olalOl sFraJ Qat +E
+- E=--laH 3lx
tt-+E
E=--raH
'JallHld u+raJ
^lert
Efl
efEol ETlLl il|'J= =JaJlHlC=
^l€Eol =rt =al+ ^l!dftl-
alqe= ,\lilr?o
UO-= HlrL
E-l Lat|= Utsoltt -ELHrl
=tr|. ^lE=
EEE gal+i+oltrl. EafE[Oll Ltgrl HJ+sl E='Sol..al+ 7lqlaF= €xldftrf

04 cl+l 'EE 9l
 qJ6Il-
e^10F5 a0l-g 7F"-q 7l+^l t+^l olE-E-
gefl =z!.gl
+^l rllE " E+ol= egfl €tOHoJ
^14-
^laE^HlEl

E^t

Et^t

7f^l ?l= gg 9l6H -dt!6ltl. e44 ^l?= 6ttrt 'J.J-d IldE _H.LHrl flHEl-^16ftrl-
ol-A--9, Er[
E4oll tsrl- trz= g,ol]trl- -dol Elol +trl. =E=
ti-l
^1.614 ^lEollzl
6lt[ €zl4o+ S^toll trrq5l+ EloJal trl=ol €q +g+= -H.Lt|trl
^[ElE-/.lE
+fl= gq

eE^l

trl-= 4l olLlal Ee+= + ?Itr|./s.trt EEol Eltl

++= ++01 9lrt
=o1+tr|lztrdltrt

g2 lcrrapterl-"iColE
 E^l
Jll.=-^f_/ +T EE +AF^l rr^t =.
--r-= o/\lI L ug4ll 4^4
-- ^l ^fr
/.fr url /.lI. floJ ,\f"Jxl 4oJ^l €=^l 3d
ol\l oJE trldl| ^rl|^l7l
.I{+ r L-:r :O
=+
oFtL
H-'l\t!
=E
EE Eldl|^l
-

E^l
al+6ltf +I6ltf _EDJ7ltrf E71;lf I
- -vl-l
E+d^lrf +=^ltrf
A|DJ6ftf +rl./+0lrl ++€61-rl +^ltrf draEl !=qrf
ddl|^ltl Tl+6ltf +g6ftt SEaEf E"J6ltrt
=rl

sfl
'r190il
u_zaEf 7l^-71+"J6ftrf zEOl +Ll^lrl/ErlEltrf 4? ?7171LlLl
Zltoll^l +Etf talTl Lfrf ue|.trJol Elrl 'JGl^1,t.l Ef^ltl
_Eu+l_r.= 6lrl E=ol ++= +dH+tl E=dftf
HllTf
=rl
r+lolol
Er-t =Ilo
E-=
HtTl=Lrl-
=uvt-t 4+= "+rl Etrl-= trldH7l gltf Eflo + g7lrl+
Llrf Egra= 6^ofrf E0l fl^lrf Hl6J7l7l ++dftl
=01
Lltf/HJ,gdftt LHrl ,l.ll.= EJoftt SBql gtrf
^la7l ^lz= ^Efol
aE= z^lrf 4nl|^l7l= EJoltt qHJdltl flltlol zAt Lltf
g^|-3:.J01 8la;c;u 1-
,#qF ^lA= zll^lrl
3al€t0l trlall= oJtf
=U!tf
4^l-= Eolrf Olrl =+ gJr al^lEl ^l|t
6Cr=
=/\l-o tl-l ^ tr E+oE =JEa;r1
=c= *7lo
^Pf
+^l^ltf ^PJ
5g= Erf 5^ll6ftf 6-=
Hl-rl
E.-l

EllalTl g€6ftf ef^H7l

=g=
"J86ltl

B^1
715€ fl.J rlg
-T-E ,\l- ad xl^lSl TtlqEl AfE trJD[|^1
OO
-t uo

Efl
7l+ grl' +6fl^lrl LJtl tHSinl Ilrl- -z= +rl
=-:l= ^llalEJ
?_t€dol +lclLlrl dE +rt1 i{EF
Et
7l^o
.l=.=. EOI=LrL
!tjvlLl 6ltl
=^l6f7lE
E= Fl= ofolqq E+€/'J+€01
=rl

04 ol+l EE 93
 B^t
7lT.ll 6ial
o,'tt H-
?Fill
oo,\ll ol/\l
-l - +^l qlc /\frl^lx
o-ro! ou
^{/\l el^l
^lg
oq7^ol Z= +=J d'J+el 6
^l|€ ^fl€ ^l+I

5^t

'J- 6H4dltf e+-d +rll7l =Jeap1 e4 +=01 +rf e8+ol e+Eltrt

:BtdEltf =7l-
?1d|01 qFalEltl +7f ^l-fl"1 8714 5^4 +^ll4 4grf el+7f 7l^lEf
=7f =alol
+^ll Ugf= EFJoltf erll d8= ol+tl U^q= E6ltl Etr€= trl+6l.tl.
=+-sr
r+= +r|l6frl H4o+ o|flAl6El AfE +ltrl= 6l+6ltl- 871= l/.l6ftf
=al
EaF= ?lEoltrl ltrJ ol^l0l Erf /.l?l7f olol^lrl ,J\lg= ,(lFEtl
^llzl ol^l +=01 +rf
qftgf= "JEdltf slE4 ralql c4rf flrloll ?lHt|E|tf
?.1E4 "J-eap1 8E0l -E^ll!tf €+= +aJdEf 5^l= +l6ftl-
^lflolEJS6I|I golLltt
Ealal-,,r +7 | rf I al-J= 6ftf
^l?l/-Bl801

B^t
7E =Il Ll0 6/l o-
^121
/\lHi
o= c"J,\l-fl
llo t
utso H
E+^t VE 0l8E 6fal| el"J xFIl
OE/UE
/Elxl a!

.^lol *n =ll olt+l EE TH tr{

-H -/l -u =o

5^t

EE^I

trf-9.7lrl
== ="1
+,'.lrl|E 6ftf
^f7l^7l|=
ge._+ EF ++61-rl

94 Chapter 1 -4ColE

I
l.OJ E^]I -Y] =^l +=af 7l+ tr
x=vl
tl tl
fHln I ...IT +^lLl 7F qtol6H o.!u
H
^l/\Ll
/.frHJ^l ,\fg=J
Hat- Ht-
o= o- l ,\l4 A|0H"J g?g 6+^f ?- EJ^I 1?l 7F rfd trJxll xf^uo I glxlrll

r :l FlFl t =^l LJHl6ltl

/-l r/.\oF+il
u!+l+l-l ts 16fLl ./l+olLl
-lH:l-l

ol4.;l-rl. nf'll6ftl efdt|/.lTltf

HLafIl;Lrl- /\lTf:Lrt
E-vt-l
-tE -vt*l

7f4rJ0l EEldfrf 7f^PJ0l +e+ 77ao nl=rl-

"tr"l 3:Btol ?ttt
=-=
-11rl7lol 7l= -7Lol=LrL
-r.aJsf7f 7f+efEltf rT'r_-t =olG-nll
-\ r-l L-lEvll ' I Evl-l +=61 ?l+
l5?.1+7f
=o
++dltl la-71I ol-xltrlrt _t+=
=r
'-Joll4l trl6H= +trf LT' U O!l-l

trlr+lnl rJrr-71| Erut Lr[ o =Hldftrt

ElHl-sl -r+ EHHI H
dH=
ft+l
EB= rJrl=a1
^=vt =vt"t-l ^frl
-"1
Honloo Er-I
HaF=
-/ ,t.lEdftf -E3^l€01 +=dltf =Tvti=
H"l Eolqol Elrf
HIIiO 7IT-L +^l Ef=6ftl #el E= T|]Cdl-r|- g^El= d=6ltl
= u= 11-l
^llE=
^fal ^H-eE
8t"J+7f #AaEl ]J
OO ,'.fellB ETfElr|t lll= +.Jol 71^lLl Lltl
^f017l
^lltH LJo
gqHloll f^ lri/tsO f^ rl
.\tri.g. GAELI-L
-T-d= rH-d +EJol EaJ 47 |
r-lciul"l
^lc= =rl =q |

g:3F= Elilrf el=?.!sl 154= eJE6ltf +g qlHJolrl

ol=Eol 4=4"J uJd0l "J9a;r1 €^140+ E€Elrl 611l +=Jol
=7f6frf
HJ= grl =7f6frl-
xl44o+ zJ-l.aEl r.E =lHO
/\t==
HL-l
E-l
=P ^l+4"J =gf
=,\1-e
= u= o"tvt*l
^l-fl:lrL flglol d'-t6.ftl EE +Eol
=q++
=tEol ^l^dftl Eftfl6|-q t/.ldftf
trf^l17f Elrf

04 cl+l EE 95
 Lxlxl 7l^171 7l|d4 LtI.l^-l LH€4 tsal4
7
'to- EO- oo-
=Ilxl -ua
rlxlxl /.lI.4 ,^\=.x{ _^-^xl
hl^I.l
4t- --r-o- HIZJ4 HIEJ4 +-- 40-

al6FIl 0ld4 rl=.xJ 4€4 Tl+t4

01714
^l7l=c4 ---
o-t-
^l-olx-l fld4 El-Exl
=oa
sl84

5^t
.JEtHtrI

eE^l
fi 7;1=lF I
Z46ltf 41o=r[ DlLlEtr:f '4E6ftf EEvt-l

+=6|-tr|-
LJ€6ltt t+6|-tr|- tl|H6ltl
=ezal+
EaJ6trt ++E+6ltrt Etrl:\aJq. +^lal6Ef
=+dttl
,\l^l4gtrl 4c6ltrl Ilfl,tlfldltl
€€6l.tllE€€6ltrt
grd6ltt q=^aJ+
^t"Jap1 gdltl qtrJ6frf ErJ6lrl
IlxlrI 4E6ftrf
3^16ftrl E^qd|.q. Ei L6-l
^l-d6lrf
Tl^l6lrl- rJtrap1 ?l|AJ6EI
^lE6ltl ==J6l_rl_
flEdftrl =J"J6frf

EE
t_JHl7l
?ltrl rdol l_17|l?.!Ll|dol g,ttrf d6trt
=E+01 ^ilrl
LHe='strt qoJ !.J4l7l-fltrJdltrh EE 8+lol ,.!6ftr|.
=^171lrle+
alqdol ?!rl "Jol flrf rt|/.loll Ef qgalq-
^FJ=al
€401 E6ttrl-/!=6ttr1 d4ol Ejrf/olErl- €4ol ^l=6ftr1-
fl"J61-tt #=€ EI Ll|trf
edol -Fjtrt ftftlrJ4ol ?lrl P^ldfr.l E=dol g.rf
o1ztrol7l'J^ltrl- ?lz€01 oJLHC0l .Fjtrf ?.1€ol gltrl/Lrrl
=trt tr=rl ,.l6ltl
g E=61-tl gol 7lE+/r Et
^lal7l ^l7lH+oll
,#46ftf ^l7l+€l0l
E 6f^l Z6ltrf I'Jol C6ltl
^t7lE-.J= =6ftl ^l=Col ^l-+
4"Je0l ,.l6ttl ETlcol -Fitf

g6 lcrrapterl-"iColE
 7r\=F 4l^lrH -i17H rH6{ Slol nu.^l tl^foJ
'J=+._J -ICt =U "ilCt E^llE
tr19 Hl-rJl^llg Hl-J5^l
OE Hl|+HI E6IE Ar€ -EFoJ r|]g AEfl
--=
^H77t
4Hl^l +H /\EIE
..Lct= /\EIHH
+o- /\FIO-J
^Jlg/EtoJ
/\l/\f=.
uo- +E Ha,!E OJTI
AIE ?.!EJLJ! AEJ SHFLI
^18
ilIE 4=J 7l_E ^l^llE
xlal-
-HE
Efl tr7t €=r-^11
.=ot9l ^1149^l
4tE otli: 6-r!E
--E /l4l
-l-ll
T]EA ^1971
jfltl +:"J
a7l/^lol^ E{ol^l =0lE+
u-tE gr-?..| 7fE -g?l +=

4Arap1 tt-l t
+Elidltrl 7flaP1 fla1c1 HHldltrl
=^Jldltl
Ht|+dftf floler; EoFrl.rt
d-vt-l +E6ftt TlgElrt
=0frf|_lrl EJr|]o-frl rrl=lrt ^lEdftl
+daP1 =Ltrl
E86ftf EtrEItI

-I.=^aJrl tfg6ltl trJ6_4aJ+ i+g6tLt E6ltrf

^laJ6Ef =0l6ftrf

)l?1= ,J= 4+Ll 4lN7l= +-=al+ 7i=al ++

trl^l?lol=€6ftf
=J+dftrf El-=oil HlTf^l= sl+tr|t
==
Et LlTlrl
E qE4+
=rl
€€ol =J7lLl +EaJol Lrrl TfEql 4aJ6El
'jHt|E +E6ltl EEol
=tr|

04 q+t | 97
=E
 7lE
E-
A-21)-
o-l
f,L-
uo --l
lTlo-
:E
+Hl+ +8 '\+i
qd i^l 6qJ
III,T _e^l
50 0-^F +d d+ ^1+

=^l trJE6ftrf
o -vt-l I
=_71=lf gqdEt H l7lrl +Bldftf 3flaP;

Efl
ar= ++ ?37t= zJaJ6|-tl eTloll
C=6ftl =d6l.tt
=+oll q+
=.71o
o-=
ol-r-l
a-l HFoll a=trh =cil==
EtrJoil 9Ea;r1
+6+E ELlr[ HJrl6frt EColl +8= EJ6ltrl
qd =C6l.tt
-Jrf qd+= 7l+Lt
+l7l== *+= A+Ll
=€
^ilzl
qldoll^l
^ll+trt q15= Ezfoftrt 4rd= ntq E^Eal= gtl
=+6l.tl. =E6l.1l
tr+= E|lTIEI El8='Jdftf

Lf+=71 L|ETf^l LIEg =F5er coJS 4Ll+

g?i =rfl{ Tflllol,s
+a ^lEg
8tr1= EI-E

E^l
+€6'ftl

et^l

trlrf +al= LHal+ 4r-01 ul= +al+

=ol ^lah+
gr}|= "+rl ggEE grl.

93lChapterl-"-!ColE
 7J .ut-8 ---I o 7PJ^I Y E -7 lxl H4

4ap4 U3 /\l^l
UO
/\tIl GOFTI
T1 a
i-{* EJ+EI-= nl irltl
*tT 6ial
-T -e
=all4Ell=

dl-=dltl E+€6ltl o_j+^lrt d]|=6|'tr|- 4El6ltl

=aJ6lrl

tgoll +l7f Ll-rt += +lrt EEtOl Lltrl

=dol =trl
qalTf+ol Llrf a7H= 7= ag rrzf/zjrf
=rfl+olrf/=al+
EO =rl
5+ulE nlrl
'JlH= "Jrf E= --l-l
=Ll"l -:lal= cs4el E=01 flEL$Ef
+sJ^lTlrf cs4 +a€ E+ I/\= =:r:[rt
u+= oEvtel
OFtllz --^-+LrL
dE= Ei-T-etLl
="_4= rJdblrl E-=E= EHldltl rtril- 71=Ll Ltrll== Hl|€altl
=++!e=
o^lEo
E --== /\l*l:Lrl.
tl-rlvl"l d+l=
=0lrl
=J- 4TJa;c; +l= H66frl
&7lLl Ill8ol ill$='gq..al+ dillTl g=dltt
^llE=9l-/\ltrlrL
/\l^lnl =alTfrf
g=6ltf
LlTf OllLJ^l= "J=rf trle=
=q++
=E€ =q+q

04 cl+l 'Eg 99
 4aJ 4^l lof
oo Lfltl
uo- n zJzJELll/tj Jjr,J^l +23421
+Ll| qg /-lliE
l*EE !
Ll lnll^l
rL ="llct -Jill qg 4EH Tg6H
vto E,\I
=015 q=zal HfEZJ
o=E uf=
rlO trl-.Il
AH Hlrf
Htl'Jq:d HIf =4^l
/\l ,3+71/Hl+71 T
E
=/1cl
+-+qg +OJHI +,t ^l
4718 I t-=.
/\l= u=q:d
q3 q-'J'2+
^]Efl
qgHl q:'J^f +E
0F?J 0F^18 oF+el
qg^ ed f,fl^l +4^l 0l=4 flate q:-J
Iltr xl Ez\t=
^l?-:*.lJ
uo I +rl THElxl-
EOO ++r+
871
60 trl,\l^l -Et=fl 6H+-8-^t
"-Helqg
6+ 6+ aJaJ

+g^l

5^t
uJ=Ja;r; +36ltl- E4t6l-rf EAIE+ OJEA;T;
'2Jdloftf
qlqFdEl +olrfLltrf illC6ltrt eJgdltrf
=gdltrl-

eE^t
+Edftf

EE
71tl= Tlqoll -Jrf nlHlo:l-l
r-l--= vl"l +=Eol= Tlrf
=0frfLlEf q-'J g€= Ettf/Ill+l-
E71tl7l E€dftl r4rf t! €Afoll a=+
^fTl=
Ilo /\lrL
.=.o --r---'ivl
i.o{nl !l-lElrL E-l E= ufrl trl^l= 7fr[
=L -=

a=Joll
=rl-

100 chapter 1 -"iColE

 z40l'J 7fl EqTl gar^l gdTl Ets^I
OJETI 9'f4J ol6t
Lltrl7l dat t=71 od

E€7I deJT I tr€71 €fl171 dI]lTl

=+!

A+6El -EoJ6ltrl EtrJ6ltrl H€6|-trt Eg6ltl

4E6lrl +"JEltrl drJ6ltl E"Jalrl
^llgl^ltrl

HafF€lolcl

5,000Llel q/.E +E='J6ltt 7l-== tlxltrl L|lalEeE trq=+

UgJtrE
^FJ6lrl
AlEldlq EtrJ6ltrl g4=-61
Etrl/LJTlLl q^lol| 0E€ .Jzltrf
=trI
gE= ejd6ttrl s=rl
a=EZE TJE| 8|flol +=JEltrl eJ+loll

?l7l7l4ol9rl ?.l8el Colc1 ?ldel tr€71= trfoldltrf d qrl+

=+ol ^]lz|e
rllE=
ddTl= -H.Lt|tf €flo1 i^1lEltrl tr+= #=Jap1
^ll€dtl
4qE ill=ottrf Al?T0ll 5g= ol=dftrf
=6|-tr|- = =€ ^ll+trl
gEJ-d #= €rl -9J=71= 0l=rl

04 olF{'EE llol
 TOPIKII

/l= BE Ht|9^I +41 /.ltrl^f

=d+ol^[ q|=
lal
uo u+ rHTld c+ EOH=E ?ll'JEall^
nl=G
+a1l +e1l^f ESEE 4lEL: of-+
=Et|==

E^l
5716ltl qaf+Llrf E=dftf EoH6ftl
==6|-tr|. ^f+lrl
0lE6ftf 4t,\PJ6ftl e=6|.tl. trf=ohtl -.1lol^ltf
^H=6ftf

Efl
Tl lo trHr-l -$f= Ettrf 77-^19 -e.=lrf
=--= =-t-l
ee^18/ql^1e|= Efrl
=== ^-l
q+ == El€ol E +rt
B--JE e.r; boll
=+= =,4^l7l ^\rl
"Jd/CE E-rl trlA/47t|EJ= 6l-tf HFJ= trl+rl H![^lrl
^PJql
-nH-q6El Afzall= dfrf d?J/l+71 "J:l6frf t]=q="J= 7ftrf
^FJ=
ql.J= uJaEl tr1lEE -al+
tboll EE8=
=Hl6frl =al+
--JE e.4rp-79r1 8"J61-rt EoJ l1E= 6fr[
=+=

irxl^
oo o+ bqF^|-4 Hltr-!/-4.trHtr-l qlE OF]^FJ Eq qltr q!^PJ
^l^|-

eE^t

a7H= rf^ltl rLfLt l-=. tflrt

-t F +e-+ Eal+ rfl=O1 flrl
=alr
-d-
- ="1

+^l=
+ts tr7lLl €g atrHUE +0lrl
=E= ^fTl =^l =rl
A,(l-e- Erl
=d- ="1 $f_oe qE+ Gl=rf +€ Ef^lrf qlslTf HlErl
qlolTf g.rf qleloll ol=Lfrf qltr= olle
E-= HFot
uH -Tl
E'.1
^l7ltrf
g= Tfal^l glz dlEdftl gEdltl Ilo
=-
vt"l
=LrL 6Edl 0l0F7l6ftf
^fal=
ilo
E=
HHr-l
E-I +4 dal= nq +4 daF= TlEi-e-e 6El

102 Chapter 1 -"iColE

 oJ^14 ;llo-l^l
fl4,(l
ll-- €E4 +dat Erf4 "[- -
^'.|"J4

Et|EE|rf tl l--=ElrL rJ.4.trlrl-

Ei^llEltl ==!t"l +gEltrl
/\xf=Lrl- d-6;trl- ^tElrf
+ovlel d^lElrt "=TlElrf Fll+Eltrf
^l€Elrf

Z46ftf .Jofdftf C^ll6ftf 4+6ltI te6El +96[tt

677rI
3e6Ef Afgdfrt 5ulofrf aE16ltl o E-l

iJ=-d -J7lrf 7+ol nlE +--lolrl rEIElll EtrElrl TlEol ?lrl

"JAf=
'JP *45 ^lofl|1trf L=4o+ EEoltrl. 'Jllel SEJg^l= Et Eq+q
==6f41
ral^ltl
Ea[z; UgEltrf e-.Ef Il#4o+ -E,\f6ftl HETfnl olrt
ooE"t a*l
=84?.! ^4^t|7f
gtrf
E6lsl EF E.q+i d^ll-d El4 #43 e.o|r|. +a1l7l cHle8 E9l7l=
^l"J =88
qEsl El= ^ll4l40+ r7A^lLl ^lolLtlrl
-Hq++ o1nH7l EEO| Er.6f4l "J=tl-
^ltrE =40lrl
E= + 9trl +lol|-trf Tg,:lTl E Eltrl- E-ta15 +E+
^ael ^ldl= Ln1^lLl ^erl7f tr-.J 7lEol E+6frl- trEl--Jol 4af= 0l+tl-
tr+4oJ F'J-d Rol ?lrf
=+l7l7l
-dl} nH7l7l'J^ltl

zH^-trl- +lErf EE EE:I-I

660fLr t?lrf 1^lrf q=laJ+
=tl6ltf
Efl
r+/lttl Lfgrl
HHTf arol uHf^lrl Afol filrl
=01 g=01 7F=6ltl g=ol ki4o:frl
+7f+ol TLE-_L\ olDvl.Jrf/=rt
g=ol 5r=r+ g=ol g87lrl/=87lrl- 0lE[7|- kirf/=rl E0l Lfrl
l"JAfol aLl/4Ll a7l +Ll/L-/<Ll 7l7l aLl/4tLl
=rf ^ll40l
trl+7|- Erf

.103
04 cl+l
=E
 B^l
Tlxl
uo a7l l'1 *.^l-
!--t-ct a=71+ +0 =J,J/AIZJ EEI
EJ8 Eil trt-71=
Dll+ --f-Ei
=. tr
tJO
alE 8d =ci
/\.=. ,\l^ OFLI
OE eal gE 94 -T
^lE+
xal
-+
^llE
tr^l rv\l
E Er'71= it|4 7t F?J
EAIOIEJ ?T

E^l
,JLI =rL
H"l 4:Lt :30lrf rf^lrl
-t E-l
Ef --'l r- L rll?rl tll^ltf =0lrf HJ=dlrf
Errl Fldrf +^lLf HFI

11
-l

+^ltl /\I.I-L
EE "I
l lrt gal+ Ife+ Ilrl-
-l
="1 -vt-l

Mrf Elrf +l7lrl trlrl

^4+
EE
z= "J+trf 7l=
"-ftl
,1;[19-
H==
71lrl
.rl"l 4=oll troltrf
gLJ= '__lq 4+alq_ -e-\lo
E-=
trlErl
d=Ll IH= ilrl EE:+rl-

E^l
'J-4 e6E ?L-
uo - ,
oto r
Ed ,\ITHEI
o-ttE ,\+^
*+^1"71 u?.!d+ Eefd qtdl Q=lfrl
=E-
971 ?E ?371

a5 += EEC+ o=xf 9)=71 o ot-L

400 O i:LJ flHJE
iil+J *txl
--E
=e+
+to ETIE TUU
=HF^J

E^l
H l7lrl 8=4ldftl. +gdltrl- +a dEf
=al+/+lrl
3fldlrl olTlLl/^lLl EF6ftf/*dltf
=aJ6Ef

EE
e6oll e =trl z4zltl /\laFq+/ELlrl j,1= +lLl 37loll E=6ttl.
rrfrl- .A+^ ole 7E;€ol 3rl
=€'-lrf =Dll=g =Zl6frf

104l chapter 1 -"-!ColE

 B^t
Z'J= =-F tr+ El_e.II{
AIZAI
^Lu ^lzal
of/Ht q
E o-lEf7l gte/aEE ?l/0|-al|
u/ 1a "J/A Li-
=
u-r+L-

O-
qJr Il6lE #/"J+ .=-/_J
^l==

5^t

7JE Dla_ 719- Erl

== e'l Zg -"llr]|tl .+ Tlrf
=Ll
SEEE= ZLITI

B^l
7l^l
u- 7J2J4E LlolE 'JA E,\l+
Dil+ +1tr11
HHIr U
+.Tlz: IEI E+
-o
ol+^l7|] ol/\ElE 17f+ x{oI{
O-E t altr
=0la
+=
=/\l^l+ 7J tl E|]4_=+E
- --E ^}|^l+ol^l

5^l'
+?l q+ -J7l1l ElrI
=-l
rl +tr| ar-71trl

EtrI tr^l6ltl -dElLHtrt

^l6ltf

eE^l
7.|.6|.tr|- EEZtrI ".t9ltrf
=tr|. ==61"trt
Ell=6ltl 'JtrI ,\rl !ZtrI ltl
EEaEI filtrl Etg6ftl
^PJII
+E6ltl

Efl
e=ol Lltrf 7l+l= El---'lr-L
EtrJ=
Ez\t- EJel 'Jl|]= "Jrl- =tI
8E xlalct +ul7f g0l grl ggFol EFa;c|
=rl
EorL
"J"lol g,rt g0ll "Jtrl "Joll^l aa
oltrl-e-
tlr't= E--r--l

TlEdltl -dol
=rt
!;17J -H.+01 Etrt E€6|],rI 7l^17lLl
=7i =trl

04 ol+l EE llO5
 TOPIKII

---l
LH+ LllElol _=./\lE
Ou- EHI^l
-T---r-
'J7 =
=Eal
.^9llEl
HlI. E^ ,^H= +^ltrf ++a
=at+^ o4^lfial otEl- OF-H.
o- cfol,\1^
)-7lE L=12; ci=
=alq T.l2l xlll
oo 8Hl^l
o+E
LO- EEEI fltr|4 ct tl
^PJ!
Tlol/x71= /ru^Ol
||'-T- 7E El,\l=
=

7l-"J= Dlltt r|1trl/=rt =J+71=4+ EII'= /'^tll1tl

'4El-01=
6ftrl/Etrl t!"J= +ltrl/*rt ?J3= /'^tl-l*tt
=Eal= ^l4l= ^l.ttlEEf
on^ll^jal= 6[t[ RE "JtVHtrI 8A= zltr[/ilfltrt
^[trl7l.gal+

ePfdttt

El-38 EEdlrl rJlo

= =
I olrL
tt^-l $+daE etrh ?l^l-= zLlltrt
g xf olrl
a-l
=
^lLHEf

l06l cr'apter 1 -"-4ColE

TlEo-ltrl )lNtalLl rfolo-l=5111 EeplHdftrl 4LeaEl gf-l6ftrl/gf^ltraP1 6lE!6|-trt

7l- Etl zltrJ= ?=rl 'Jtrr=

.JHH= trl+rf aJl^= |tltrl/E|/llLl ^lrf =trF= ^lrl.
E^l trll/.l^l= HLl|rI/Erl Eall d f tl-lnftrlI LJLII t"lLl I 7 Hr:I
=
+€ Dl^ltrf
^EeJleE 6El t]EE e.rl
c+^tr!6ltl
^l7ltrl
oldoll € lErf *E eofgrt 0l- nltr:!/ElLfpl||trl
trr-oll^l ltHtl ar-01 dEl-= ?JLI/1IJtr:I/ELI daf5n|E 6Ef
=trf
dr|1oll tsrf -d#-=. aEi+= HIEEI +tl| dslE 5Ea;r1
= ^frl

rHnlo-lrl +Ll^ltrl H-l-l

"l U+dl.tl qlg.-ltrt Tlef6ltf
=+dftf =-t

TlEol 3ol LJ-lrf E"Jol Eoll trt7ltl ts4rEol "Jah=+

=rf
alrl+ Lfrl ++71€q^lq
54FE0l ^ Eoll trt7lrl
=/.IEllTl
EZol z^il^lrf H^ltrl g86ftf {l/.fE|1Tl Lfrf
=,Jol ^f'8i^Pf
ll-7
u.!= = Hl-rl
Eel ++ol +of^lrf ?lE trl6H7l HJ.861-tl- Llrf
*7io HfrL ^lTlol
6-= Eul E|1E0I Erl Et|50l ArEoltt +€01 LHalEf
\17r, +0f^ltrf trl6l]= grl. Lltf trltlol +"J6ltl
=+71

04 q+t EH lt07
 LlElLftrl L|EJ6ltrf Lfl'HIEItrf E+o-1^ltrf

E+6ltt
rr /\l clt-l- qlatElrl q|+Elrf O EI*Lr
o uvt-l L

Efl
7l=^l= {cllltf 4dro-e l^fdftf rH+ trJ=E7f +rf
=olLlrl/=cl=rt
qetl olelol ,Jal7l Llgrl
d-dE E6H
^l+= "JZa;r1 i+ ,Jal7l ,J+_rqr1 E+
=rl-=

E^l
TlaH^l +Ll|^]-J rHTlg +qal^f +6|.
=+ ^lz olE trllE
^1fl
IlExl
Hl^l! I LE.\I
/\tr= eTlTlEl H__r_ Lil! ?.!EJ,\l-fl

or+t
^lLl
Elxl 7lg xlxl- -E=
o4 48 AF^f #/=l= t lzJ
-
=u= =+r1l
EI='J
=el^I -o
6lol .!
---171
=L=

=^t olrldEf rlls6ftf

rF rtolLl deldl-tr| eTldftl ?JtrEItI
trl=6ftf EJE|l6lrh 6tl-Ll6fLf alol6ltl
^trl6ftl -6ftf
EE
,Ja]e- qrTldltf 77TU= 9=lrl-/HlrL -E.LI|II TlE.loJ= 4t€6ftl-
F9 r+lrl =E€
€+6frf za/+=Jlfl=o| Eq E^l/^l/.l0ll^l
-= =Ll
=E= g+6= =+6ltt
!g^|fl= r.q6Ef g+el aEd= +olrl E+= gq ^lal6ltl
qltl= 9l-o
=H=
Hl-r-L
E-l ?Ll=g "Jrl- ?.!=l,rFflo+ gdltrl-
^ll+rf
-dl rl efaH.8ol 9,trf 4€oil +rt
^lTlzlgoll
xlxle
^lE= =al6El
-7Lrl- a[F= rtrJFtrf
zo- lrL
-ict= -e.7 =xl-e
. trJEl] €401
l-l t-l
=.6= ^l46ftf
al/.pll rfLlrl +./l= ,/lLl +7lE LHrf

108 Chapter 1 -"-!Col=

 lglE ztt^j oil+El Htl= 0F4
=Elealtr
ul r=

trJ Hgal Hfl=Elrl

^l7lrl Erl
^lz

7f^l
50fal 5E;l !E7ll€ -t= u=71
trIol -^--I ,\lT[.^.
+E I
tl /\ --r-
| q7l G^
Li--f- Elg

E,tI
7lg"-ltf For-l
=trl6lrl
+_l
5EaP1 EfQ.=Irt
=ovt-l
=7lLl

ZlgE 6ftrf Efdg 7l^lLl Edol .FJrf/g.rf --'tal.g. -rf lrL

JE= JLILI

TlEf= LII]=
^lrl +Ett= TJ
T.:Ll=rL StE aEl 0t€= q+
HlolEalg ztrl 9.lrl l.+xoll grJ6El LHrf
e+71= E+6lrf ^€rq=
gsl= -H.rf ^lz=
?E= #dap1 Sqqqt 7Ef
E,\leloll Tfrl + 8Hf^lrf TTlfl= tsFL
:l-r l-l
Tl+Erf ++= ,srt
ofEr-l7l-=:
=Lf

04 cl+l EE llog
 Tl,\H^l-
E-O 4l^lE IEH EOq,\F
ooo ol+4 +d E= HFJAIE
0f0lrl efoltrtol ?c ?.!E1Ll! 0lE4l q^3(usB) 0lEllg E+ trlg
Et--.1 atE
=-l
=tr1|01^l

=l
€^ldltrl
+,tldltrl Af^Jl6ltl
^}|86ltt ^l€6ltt
E-+Elrl i[|EJ6l-tl E+dltrf
=4dftrf

Efl
Hfolal^= _H.?J E+raJ= ALt dau 1 E6ftrl 0l0ltl= E36l-tf
^llr6f+
0l-0ltl= tl86ftrf aaJg ?.lElfl +E7l Lalq ?lE1LJloll tr+oftl
=0lrl
trl.g= gtrl 4gg E+6ltt

B^t
#'J(g+ 1.1) +4(=al 8.15) Atgtr(3.1) "J+tr(4.1) olaJ0l-J(5.5) A7lEJ^l"J(g+ 4.8)
rJ=tr(8.15) :sE-J(l0.9)
olrfl0l-J(5.8) I+el -J5.15) fl=g(6.6) 7t|tstr(10.3)
^ll-dtr0.17)
zSz.|gtll rlll+l7l -J+l7l ,\llH,t=
=.al'\El4(12.25) =t^l
,4t
ou
irl /.^IE E-Jal7l oq6
fT +l==01 t^l EEL-NI
6EEVI
=+
o-lE- eJ'Jtt^l

E^t

raFq L|laufrl E+=€ qq nlG-o

ul--,1=-"| EHTL !J='Jg llEll 4fl9 grl
dltrf E LJol Eo. ll9 4fl8 gtrl 9.=g= q+
^l-=-501= ^|1"=ll
EE01= 6ltl d=01= dltl- ^f4l= ^lLt|tl
^Af-J4l ^ll^l.= ^ll|1rf
?JLt El-49 EHrl.
TlLllolC= EH=71= E-Ja= --"1
=0lEalEl

11Ol Chapter 1-'iColE

 gAqtrl= qzlql Eq q+ "Jql €46l= qeg 6l='Jg F-Jqq. ffiq
E trl"J+ gaqolel, E gAqulE rl$ts "I9 zlelql ql4 "J"}FH qH E
zll+E drll €q+rJ + 9l+q4. ot4b ga 9lq"I p €aq"l"J.ltrt. trtoJ
+ gaqul$ {lE4 E}41 ql:dB^]tr}.

il-7lLl
'_A.l' *gl rl^Jg"l '-g(gl, s)-'g + + gleLl +aE *g zld '-4,-'g
4zl ?++q+. F zlzl ol4-9 qF, tr-4, Ll-+61 +96l= Fg +Eitsq
+. E^l= '€^l + -("1)4 #Ll+.
={l=
1. '-AtY zl t+ o e 4ol== a+
. LHSS 671L|. E0l grJl+LlEf.
. "J-"goll +trr.= gal= ELlrf.
^fzLf

2. '-Ar+ 7l Hl+q= 4* :
^JE
tlHlqzLl E.= ^Jqi7l q= F zll
"ltlE E
^l€ +gg "l] +qq.
. oJsl sJTlLl !l.7lL[ dlq= E+d[|,\l tfgoJLltl.
=)11
. Et= q7lLf HS= qTJLl uf=q-+ 6f^ll9..

7|-71=
d4€E ^ldg'J4q F$€s trttsfl rqqloF *g +Elql= a+(+4€ql
'-Yzl?, 7l g)e+, rqlE elg qq4b 4*zl
-(c-)+ dEB€E
^ldql 86lq
el+q+. q^q+ s€es +rltrt.
. E+ olF ET|E 6t71= 6[Eq 7l== ?J EE+ oJA=71?
. t_Jel +lE7l= rfTl gtrfLl +lqgn
^f^lE ^l^lolE

04 ol+l .EE III

 TOPIKII

g -71LEl
1. *E Lil+g "J46}H^J FIE Lt4Bq+. sE q61l H
^tdg'tBgg ^l€q
4 lrJztzl :19^J q qulal4} ag'Je ql +E #qEl.
..Lts EC6l "J6f7lt-lef 8s 6t= grf+ da= zFgrf.
=ol^l
. €301= EEs qlHHzLlel Eh=ulzl^l +6H,t.l !7171
=lLtf.

['+^l "J5]q, q^l €E6t+, |F BE"l4 fql Eql FIE ^td4 tr-+91=
.il+-$ trl^l * H "J+g'tEl$qq.
. trl,l.l -d H "J6lZLlel 01fl /.lCg Et|+ e9:stLltrl.
. 718 EiEolzLlef e=3 trrHe ?_t EJLltrl.
=e/.lE

tEgl
x -?Ilru4Llel, -=Ellq HIE
1. oJEl €+rl+ ;(l\l "Jql 4dl "lotTlg ql= '-9l4qe+:.€E{=
^t+€}qr+.
. ]E
Ed6l -dTlLlel ts dl= gtrfE+ da= z+9trf.
. +E.JE =ol,tl
6lLl 'J3 gtrf doll
=olTl$TlLlel =8nl^1 =g.tf.
2. tr14+ g4E 444lzt g q= :-AAulel
=i'rls"
Bq+.
. rH-+qlE Zlru71Llel- 8+= gcdl 6H^l 3dl= +4+Lltl.
+al= -EZII EelE 6l],|i.7lLlef ^]tr 40f7f,\l trJLl^f-r. -g A0l+.
.

3. +H 2E '-4L1s{ '-*EJl'-E Btfl + + 9l+qEl.

=
tf^l -d H "J6l=Ell olfl ?37|1= rt|+
=sgtLltl.

I l2l cnapter t -"icol=

4-zl=e.
qlsl"ll^J zli ztgLl+. E= rlH-"1 Esb cE='Je- trll"J
^l+Elqq.
r. ol+ €E : eil :flzl= €E+qq.
7l i 4^l= Lr qqs?
Ll : rHE #cldl.4=s.
=4=
7l : ell +^l= 7l^la_ eJqe?
q : e.5 gTlqlHoll^l HlTl 3trfr. :?.{71=s.

ElxlJ xll,r.l : Eb rl*gl4l 4EE "JqE.q4. Hxl ololzJg ^l4g trll

q+. ^l_*oJ

7f : qaJE, +roll,\l :d+Gl "Jalt1 rHelTf ?l7l=-e..

___!f , fl__T1l-g?
7l : trf= r-*ql 7171=e_.
^l =oll
Lf : La|]g? eH r=r^l'JTl7l 719?
7l : oJol 8aqs.

-4=-9-, -SotgE Hlf,

0t+ €E dE EJ?], 7J4, rllpI
n ^il=
-4=e ltaJol _e.ets ol? X
== \_,,
-€ole. ol= ol+ X
== ^fErol

cl+l
=u ltts
04
 TOPIKII

E-ZEH
t"J+ E"
Bql 'J6l= rtH-"l +l EAlql^J zl4lE xd4"l4
^l9l gq=
EtH: €€ "J++
ag I'lq gaq"l"Jrl4.
=
1. ['446]q, +=6]q, eql "J6l= ^lBol zldel rJ4ol4
-H-+ FE €l^l"ll
a6ll= "J614,+= a9 "l?-l gg "il +q+. + H +AFel 48ol zl4lel ^J4
gs +4Bqq.
. I'll7l 84ol.ZrH 0l 7|.Ai trJ?l+Lltl.
=^]01
. E+6.lZEH +=7171+4 g= oJ6H6lts Zl EE-stLltf.
^ll7l

+q6l+, TlEll6l+ F9 E"^lq €ql 'J6l= rl+ol Flg ql+g Ht

2. t'El4r+.
44tt +qElg.+4tsqq.
. Hlafzq olfl -=.goll + El46H +d^l9.
. .J+dlZtH g-g.e A+= gC6l 6f1ll9.

tEel
'-5taql'==q '-aql' E )^7lE6lA '-4q:E )^7lE.Jq+.
. +EJZEH go.E E+= gC6l 6f^1lg
. flzEl] "f= 336H +lll9.
^lel
. trlAfflt|.| +e:171eol g:il= ttflTf
=!tcls.

1141 Chapter 1-'iColE

6 -Z"J
* +tlol +E]..ll= ^ldr+ Hlqlq= 4€-ol4 t+ E= 44zl "Jqtsg +Elts
qq.
. -1.= ECal8+6l7lE afZ'L -d="J= €
Hl^ll",\l g + g.clg.
. EZ3 ="-H9.
=Z"J 'Jol

fHOll
LE EI

1. S-E€ gg t+ElE ull= r+rl9 '-91-'g rl^J '-*a"J g +q+.

. -d llilolLl 7ltrla,;1"J A+= 9^l g1?ttf.
. -d+oll at LlolLf g?,tz'J -d+"J= 6frl
=-dEf.
2. ETlLt ++E 9"lE +Elg uil= '-4a"J g +qq.
. Egl dfE Eel +?,JIZ"J 5 "Jol g.Lll9
. rrr|l =afr gnl E+ilal"J 0lrl e^l ?j?t+Llrl.
=g=deE
3. '-a"Jg '-zloJ otr El+J €+ geq, "JH}49E= ,_zl"J€- trJ E+ol
+qq.
. -1.= g= EC6l dl.7l= .-|.^loJ drlTf He g.+.
. -el+oll Al LJolLl g?,t^l"J -d+"J= 6lrl
=-dtf.

=e I tts
04 ot+l
 TOPIKIT

Z_tll
r. 5{'4 €€9ul
[F^], '9lq/s.r+ Aolql 9} €"1 L eq ql+ +4, 7l= Fol €g'tEtB
ql
q4. '-6lE+/-g + 9lE+, -Al+= E *g +4Bqq'
. d+=al _Etzll
E= * 9tz1l al^h= Lrol trJ=^f.
. +_?-Jol z|l^l^l gjzl 5EIE 'Jee
=ol'zJtf.

2. -Eta4 €€"1"1
Floll^l '-11 6ftf, -11 trJ=tl'q eol 40lql ','.h='=
o t=4t= LIEILH= Efl
LtEfLJLltl-. '+71+A= 6lE= /.lTltl'el LlEtLJLlth.
==
. GltrlLl= LHT| ol= ttH+El trloflE= 6lJttrl.
^l4l
. Tl+= sof^1 7l+al4l -dtrl.

.8goll ol=11 EJ= LhElLJLltl'

@ l'-z'l dhrl, -11 "J=tf'9 Ee 4olcll ra1-d
. 6H i trllJ-stLltrl.
. =af4l
Ll= ohslrl= 71w7116[| Eal-L #fltrt.

,\ olol] ral-d 8EJOll ol=11

EJ= LfEfLJLltf.
@ ['-11 Elrf'ol Ee
. el^fTl E= =JXl ElfiZ=9.
. +=l4l Elfltl..
=01

s. Prt4 zlb
O "Jdl= olTl ral6f+r. 84:et= LfEhLJLltf. '-tfa'el ==
LfEfLJLltf.

. +gol= l-J== 71frr7il qzq.

. Lfol= qq e+= ofLHTf !74Tltf.
^e-o[71l

1161 Chapter 1-'4ColE

 @ teE^f|_l aaolq1 €E, 'J^l= LlElLJLlrl.
^|-5^l0ll
. Lf= q= zxl qlq.
. +/.l7jl +== -J.
=01

@ t"J6l= olel EJ=J= LIEILH= HH EE/.loll Eol t ololl '^l+l= "JdlE'E

LfElLJLlrl. =
=
. +"JolE 8"Jol 4e+ egtq.
. ==JllE
+-d^aJ4l= o1 7l^f= ,\f+lol ol|_ltrl.

['+^11'Jrl, Eel +€4?] EJE= LIEILH= 'J0ll ,uololl "Jel LHEoll

^ll+fi,rl'
t||dH trJ6l= 0l7l LlElLJLltl. '-{lE' E LlElLJLlrl.
=trl[f"-]|:Et= ==
. rt|+H.l| E"J
. E"J==a+Ll.
TltrlLll
^l^l6f4l

4. +4 9"19 8H
O '-(e)= # ?l=.='E
=
3^l LJol EJ=ol" qal E= + gl4l.
= ^laJol

@ "Jel Lt|Eoll t||6]| "J6l= 0l7l 'J= E'+== LlElLJLlrl.

=Dl5t6lrl= =ol
trl, 8^1614l.
=71^l

EN -41=
Hql s= E"4ol4 t}4.il Eil+ +-s, ol+, aa"l €€- +4Bqq.
. +EHol $c6lxlg "J#=aJ4.
. LHT| g+l6lXlE A"JEE 6t| +^11-e'.
. 30fl^1=e= € + ?tllE TtHXdlAl:at,l.ltrl.
=.I.zl=01

04 q+ .=e lr rz
El -a a;1.,t'l
L*+*948olH++q"8+1=6}=q7t^.lol+66}L+"Jg'tqBqq.
. IH :+7lE 6H,\l -d+cl A+= ,\l^t:'^Itl'
^ll+:a{a
.LHT| doll^l "JEolr.6H^l
q*lU= EiL qitf'
=
ql 94 ztxl "lfzt
[,-.a -a 4^]'E +€eE Aql H Ee-g 491= 4=
gl4,zloJ a-+ + Ttzl old-E "l+= +gg "I +q+'
sJqg.
. +L-JE 9^lr. doll E4E flz aH.q ,\lSoll '2Jtrf
H+98 Lf'2JE-f'
. H;1E -trE-tr EE n1-=7 6l|,tl 6ftrJ "J= E+a

l0 -?tr
olqdg +EtBqE|.
*9 rtdol4 g4ql t+qrl+ E +=
=col
. r.a-lzl eol Ll.r-E of^] €C=
. €3ol= "J= "J^lr-= z4"JE
= ^FJtl..
IlIl gj=th.

tE"J]
'-.4.j= *ql= r+Z= +4ql= ' ' olr+ trlt]l= tl4ql='-A:4 ag q
trl= € + $.+qq.
. -].ts €+= af.!-E g91rf.(o)
. .1.ts €+-.fgr-E
^frl6f^l Lj?ttl'(x)
^lal6f^l
. -l-ts rrlLfr-E. E+6frl gg zJolrf.(o)
. -l.E nlLhuJlr.E E+6f^l E= 40ltf.(x)

ChaPter 1 -"4dul=
I

I l8
l[ _r^l
F z1 "l^J9 Eo4ol ^l+4q] +^lE gqtsg +4Bq+.
1. d4alb F4ol Hzl e^a ++ql gq\l E" 4ol F4€"1 q= a
^l+4qs
+ '-y' c|. '--tr +^J',E qlilEl + 9+rltrl.
. += 9!L,t1 "J= Eolah.
. +Eol7f ttlLfl,r.l +4E El'Jtr1.

2. c4 F49 tel+ 4*zl *49Brl +B F+ol aqEg +Elq= a+

. +71? T|HJ= E:u/1 ZtOlg.
. ?E= fl2,t1 -dtrf.
=+r.
qel zll9 Eo4ol ololzlE A+ql= grs-l rE"zlq= '-I "Jg
x.n ulzlu-| =
zlq"J '-ad'= #q+.
'8'J= Dla-
=EE:IE
ala,tl LlTlal.
'€4= 6l-r. EeH= dfl.,tl +lg+Lltrf.

04 olel '=e lt te
 TOPIKII

lE-ut
'-(s)qa" E 4^lzt?l E'€. +.g g€, "Jq+ Fql 4EqEl.
=,
1. '-azl al4 zl 6l+E E€ o -e. 4ol= A+
:dLltrf.
. lLl 5?J -d+cl= HH+r1^f
^l= €-Joll r:doll -sr.Lltf.
'olH =ol.7fr^f

2. '-a^l + trt= ti^F E A+

. Tl+ollll +r^l 44=
. 94 gqq.lrf "Jr4 ^t+LlE-f.
E|-Lltf.
. -d=Gl= HH+Irl. -d+oll eJ+Lltrl..

x -(o)q, -(!)qL, -IrtE Hlil

E
Floil e= Efl Htrl€+91=Efl E8
E-It
0lEE^f '-(g)aia , '-lrlr
-(o.)a{ (7lrl, etr|. 5) ,\ OlrL
4A -T- ,iLl
=
-(e)e1? elE,
zlef
e 6|-+ '-(e)a1'e Hl+l € + g.trf.
-\ OlrL
44 -T
-zrl @ trf= 5^f =
HALI

N -.trrt, -(g)qIE Hlf,

ol=g 7lE gElql^J ,Je+ '-(g-)EJ. 'EE'9 9"1€ +4'ilq + A
=
4zt 9l= qlE= -H-?lr+H '-al| +417t zld4oll. 4+4q] qlE.= A
6l= aeE ts-Eqq. '6t+ e+ A*g= ul '-a^Y
"J4+ +"JE *ol
q9I= cll.r-lE it"l€ _HEqq. = ^
. olH q=oll :+71= 7lala- -sfLltrl.
- ol "JP r=lzl(+71-= 7ha1a) 846tr 9,1.trf=
olH q=ql :ilt= Tla l -stLltrf.
. =gLlth.

- ol "J3 4E4eE f=+Al 6falr.(+7f= 7la.^f) gEi= +l6fr^1ttrf= ="J

Lltrl.

* 144 ol=el z.lol= 3{ ?+-qq ir"Jql^-l +Eol +H.6l7.l 9*zl "llE"ll

'-(g)elI zt E*ol 4ola el+qq.

1201 cnapter 1 -4colE

@-z 1ts215
a{Z $ ^J4E *Elq4. uJ zl$4?l aE *+El= 9"19q+.
. 6Hqq:.J= dlTl=4LE +LHq:dE
. E+6|.71=ZLJ trt"J fiol-e. ==i[ol9.
. EtplT lEzlg 6f+ doilU ?tflcle.
=g

x --trE Eqq, -7|=tl.oiE Hlil

-'J +
?tE loltrl.
rl 7lE4oJ gE -g + H.rl.

l4 _ztotl
1. t}+zl"J "lfr= +El4= 4+
o 4^f '-oll'el elrl 0l+= LfEfLH= 3?q z3 e+gLlrl.
=
@ d:dtrel +q= +E 2,3?]d= Sl-lrf.
=e.E ^l-EEl=
@ +gtrql= BaJE4 8+e= ^ Pj+Llrl.
^l
'-fl(9t/9)-', '-,A-' #Llrf.
@
^l.8olrl '-=aH'= =
o +qi.llE= #Llrf.
@ '-u I rrt|=oll'oll Hl6'lq 0l+= LfEfLJol =J EBdlq qlll-=r- + g,+Llrf.
. ofe+El 7ltsol Ll7loil e+= qflqs.
. 4'J6'l.7loll -d E *t+Lltt.
^ltrf,Jol

z. zlf;ol q4 6l= A+
O E4r$,l.l6 f_r. trJ --J-Bt Ll rf .
=
@ En.U ',-='ol FE= + 9t+Llrf.
@ +:dtrg E + ?l= 'i= g+ al-E|l=lf '$rf, l;-uurf, arf, H[uu1;-,
^J=E^|E
4=J6ftf, +=dl+, q+6ftf, Il^lrf'
=tf, =gLlrf.
'9= +8=3 H|HHtrf.
. Eoll,\l =7loll
el^f771^l=471011 fl ZalgLlrf.

04 ot+t It Zt
=e
3. tE+e 4ol= A+
o Et.r.f '-='ol FE= + 9,l+Llrl.
@ EE= LIEILH= H THol 'g46fr[, -51r[, gtf'ef cl=a1 A'g+=
=/.|., =rf,
ed-stLltl.
.'Jdol HTloll 0l gg ++el E=gLlrf?
. 9710il= 4g0l= E+=-d
^ll7f ^FJgLlEf.

N -71E,-(e)Etr, -7lql, -]qlE Hlil

'A€ E gqlg LtElqlq gq]"l4 +Et'll= '-(e)oE, -zfql, -A
q' Eo4b 94 ol"l +d+ "Je ql€q= =rl= Eq^l Ylql tr
^ldg =48
re+ qIHEE rldol 9lg + flEl= 49 "Jg qlq"J AEqr+.
.1OLlolE ,-rll=. E-dtrl 6|.71= olExl EEtTt flTJlclg.?
. oJ.Jol7.l= olE11-e a-J ,J + ?il.trf.
=H+g

Chapter 1 -"ldolE
I

l22l
lE -r+u
tF^lql Eql zlf{eE frzlt "l€ Bglz} tr}= qH t}+g fl"J"14
gaq"lgrl4. =4."1
Eg +$'il.$
1. qH BFol+ tlEI= 44al7l4 .T?z16l+ EE q= qtr tl+g
"*ril qZLl
9€ ^J4zl Eg +EtBq+.
.^E"l g ?Joll flr.a1E trlgol -f?.t6|lTlrf.
^ftzlg €3 'Js ?td^,.
'Edal

2. '-4?D eH'4 Hl*+Fg +El4=rJl, rql Hlql ql^q+ y4&6q+.

.^E.-l g Lfotl ?trf(7f) _EE Ef=01 Elrd|]Tlrl.
. Edal A!.+(7f) E.E flArl.
=3'Js

lE -rq (iEtat)
tF^l 9zlol4 'g+ , 's,+ qzl Flql Eqt $ t€+"1+ B+lE+= zl+4 Fl
tF+"14 Bgzl rJ 49€ +Elrll= gaqul"Jrl4.
r. * t€r"14 €+le+= Fl rlE*"14 49lzl ,.l4q q Ll+g +4tsqq. Fl
tl+ol+ BgE "J6l= rlH."l :24 4 €+6lzl ^J46l7,l ?*y A?zf E+eq,
,Zl+4'4 ,ol{l'
Hql +^lq Fol z}+ jrEq+.
.01=lzl -d=xl LJrl.
^falel +=
4l
. EIIII 4tr'J ^lr-Ll
o[ 911-1-lo|Gl +
^1fl61 =cl=4,ltf.

['-Lq"J *6]+ +^deE Aql i]+=l rl ^]€r"14 dglz] q ++g z]aol

q ++Bq+.
. 0l=lzl -d=41 /'l= a3 Falrf.
. =!LloJ
E^l 4€"J 6tr ?t= ag + ,\1fl61 palr;.
=cl=tLl'J

.123
04 ol+l EE I
 IEOll
LE EI

1. '--q'= aa6lq a^l '!-+7t Eg '-Lq!-+Lt 47lql =^l

€3 ',-ylJE++',g € +E il#Llq.
trl= r-J^le|- ZEalurl-Er1{-=; EJg €,,Jtcl.
^falal =^l
2. '-(e)= Htql'E Hl*+ 9ul.E 4Eq+.
tf= '-J^lel. Hloll Erf Eg €r,Jlol.
==-g ^falal

lZ -!aE
1. $E gg 6l= ull .tl{ol aflq4. :4rJ HE Ar+zl t'gzSqq. Hq +t}ql
+€4"J *ol gqq.
=
. -9= :fLlfa
. ,J= ^l:d3+= =^l
dEafz HlH,Utol-". =6119.
=Hl=
2. '-L4a' grq= F^l"J €e" + s+qq.
^l-+Elq4. ^lE ^l-sg
3. 44egkt9.t4i-), ol4 . ++(-4-)g
^le"
* + s+.1tr}.
.oftsoll gq'JLalr. qzql Fflqg. (x)
=4191lLal-I. -J/"rl7l Ealol-g.. (x)
. LHg HlTf

lE+ zol
dq €:4g alb zlslql El4l +B F4g ++= Fg +4tsq+. gqE +4e
cE Fztg 4= ql gl9trt= 9"l"Jrl4.
. q7vtl^l
E Zoll rl+= "JLlr TfoFrJlclg.
. +q +al= df= Aoll EfddE. rfiGle.

tE"J]
'-= aql'= olFg 9"lE Ll4q= 5^t"J € + 9le+ '-= aql"'= aEq
g + 9l= E" 4Fz.lH trl € + 9l+q q.
^J

1241 chapter 1 -4ColE

+ HFJotl
q jE"+q
=Z6lq
+e r g6}e_s +qd.il^J q€ ar+7t qs_.g +4Bq
: fflcJl "lq ++9 lil+e 4++ +4zlEqq.
. HlaJol lllZl += H|aJoll etEol rf 'JolilEf.
. dg-Jzll^l al= LH^l= HfaJoll E,\I =JEJ:dq-g'.

o)Uts e^loll
t+e '-= Rq" '-b Rs.E . '-= *"14 +ceE j|ql * 4*ol Hg
+4ztt €rlol ^J4\t 9"Jol4 zlg"Jg +4Bqq.
. E =Jalrl gr= Eloll sl^lTf qa1?ldtrl.
=Z0l
.0h0l7h E4= 7fa1 q= EJoll €01 ill^l gr+Lltrf.

r+rlE tl+g'Jg ql= $^lql '-(e)u { g #qr+.

bol Lrol a ftOil tloil e+ fi.g+Lltrl.

ol++ g"Jg +$Uq= dql^l= '-zl qf;: r+ 9"lzl +^tJq+. :aelq

'-71 qlg & 44zl +4+ +e a+ EF € + 9lb HlH, '-= R e +e
44zl g a+q+ € + gq '-= Fql'1+ '-= tsF*ql' + Aq ae 9"lB
qq.
4. 4+71 +e A+ql='-(e)u/b'J+ql' +q+.
=
5. E^l+ q€^tql gu ol ule. EE a+E 9l+q+.

.€|.nl Eloll t-Jtrl.

=+7|-
. E/.IE[| Eio.e -Pj3 /.FJoI +A+.

04 ol+l '=e ltZS

 TOPIKII

74il-clzl
L q€ €+l+ ^"r4zt 6tqa q= q+l+ r}qle Et€g +4Bqq.
". ofzl= HlTl er:lTl olrllts Eol gtrf.
.61=0l E+rl7l. z;xl7l aaldch.
. LHoJ ofEoll -qtLoll gafrJoll Tlalz dH9.
^Llll
*C q+lLt r}4zt Flql trqzlE F44"J t+e-l g"JolLt =A4 Hg t+Et

tsq4.
. +Eol7f +46frl7l Eol 'Jq.
=+
. at+= 6flf7l 234 ,tfl-E LHI- "JgIt[.

s. t+'-4zl-4zl6t+ I 7€ge 4ql F zlzl "l^J9 rldol H?ol 'J"l

Bs +4Bqq.
.'JE4?l iEltrl gEF= e.E,\-|, ELtTl -iltrf.
=tr|.7|-
. 9,ltrl7f s.rf7f 6l= zoF.
=0lal

4. tF^lq Eq '-4zl -4zY el +Cg-E 4ql eflE zl$$ Fdl ,Ja+g +

ElBqq.
71 lztl^l6l-Ll?
. 6frf7l dlrfTl olrllts
. Ll eg zE8olts E:lTl ELlTl ^l=01tr1..

s. [?E '-4zl *6]q' +C-e-E 4ql q€ 4+l+ ^]42] +q gql ]49 cl

..+xl€ + S+g +4Bqq.
"l^J
. HHT| lscl Eoll 0[ua;-.
. €Po17l e+LlTl EgE ElEa;+.
=6H

1261 Chapter 1-olColE

 6. tF^Hl Bq ,_4zl '-4zl Hts'
E_4@D, Aql qE q+l= dl=
+C_9-E
$Cql^-l ^|E+
^l€g vl:$lA) gz+ ^l]e+ tr-qlE Eg +4tsq+.
. _r. oHTl= AlTf Htrl.
. =LPl
trJllrlTf HLIDI
^f+EJ €ol
=?ole.

lEgl
1. gHl4e_E g-+aL4 Fl +1}E +q4 €oloF
*qq.
2. +B r, 29 '-4zy E :. g"lE z"}4alzl flfl ,-4zly ol+
ge € + g+qq. :l"-la r ,_
4Zl ,-+Zf g ,-E sE q +=g?1
+ gl+
q+. =q
3. +H 6E ',-4zl tr-l(zl)' , '-4zl EH'rl Hl++EEog ,-r
Eq (zl),
'--il -H-{',ol g,lbuJl, r B+lE 4cq adol ,

+:ol= -4zl H4@l)' .

-4zr EH' r+ 94 '-tr Eq (zl)' , '--z EH.'* :. B+rE or+ gg er+

,

ql q ad"l +EqEl.

'L lfaJo; 0lot7l= HLI AtEJol oldHTl sJEf.

.J =tf7f
/.fajo; 0l0F7l= El Ur-; ArsJOl oldHTf *[tr|.

I2-clzlaE
Eq 'dB F^le+ ae €+l= dl4+ rq+
F^lql tr_qE glgg dxlls +trlH
+€€r+ ae "Jol ^da+ Fg +qtsqq.
=
. EdE dftlTf HE /.fr=
'J rrH7l. flqg.
. Tl+=o=fz €^lH.ol [J=rf EE ,\IZ 7l= _E=rl
=

rHOll
LE EiI

x -EK7D _H.fl, -c(zl) e.r_1"J u;7

'-4?l) EH'g g€ dxll+ zlaq rI+
"JHl4tt {4g ,J6}b aolr
'-4?l) Bq'= olzl4 +qg ,llq]zl.J aflg
"Jdl= 4?zl g+q+.

04 ol+l .=u lnt

7E-clzE
1. g +4.E q5g qEl H 6lE +g 4+7t rJ4{e -e-E4r
=Et!4.
.l=lzl tstr|.7f= ,\l:doll,\l *JqE EJlEll""".
. r1=r1l Ejol ErlTf= 0l7f 4= zqlg'.
. .JHH= ^l=J=
Zl+ ul+tr\7J 4?Jol LlHHhtr zqlg.

z. * +'}E q# *g q Fl +tE 4*zl "JHl4sE +qBqq.

. €= nt,\l-z 8d6ftrf7l= ,\|.zT| Ll9.
. gtrf-dEll 711!"J= 6ftf,J 0FE"+0f9.
. E=E= ^l+
6ltfz ,Jqoll 7lg.

@ -ctsF=
r. o1B rtAo'l* .{+€ oJ46tH.^l fq\ Hlr{ElE ql+g REq "Je ull +qq.
. Lll ?Jq,sE+trf= L[|TI Eel= +7f ?d.+Lf.
^lIl=
. Eol of+ +al etrql= ?J "J= 7L'J+Ll.
=trfrl=
2. '-4utH g '-+"J e-E. €9 € + 9l+qq.
. Lll gJqAq"J LHT| Eef= +7f S.+Lf.
^lll=
. Eol of+ +al EEql= ?J "+= e+Ll. 'i
=rltrJ

.|28|
O"'"pt"r 1-"idolE
 EF "Jg ql"J r dg ^lH-= ^lolql^J= * }7l g+sq flrlH-"l+ +
=Ell,
9oFtrqltr-ql4=++S+q+.
. 0lsl^|, 0l z== Lj+ HlELlrl.(x)
.of+trlLl, 0l =trftrf=
"Jgltrl.El= E 'J#r_lcf.(x)
=43

E -clu
1. E+d+ 99 zl4 : gHl4 . ++4eE "Jqq= "Jq 4H "l€4zl ?++qq-.
.
"Je+ +Eoll 'JEEJtrtE /.f],!olg.
. trJg ^f=
trl^loll,\l ATI-drl-E -d='J419.
. "JqF 4= rf ?l=rlE ga1 +^j19.
. trJg =
aol ?lrfE EEaf,rilg.
=.=ts

2. qo}, ut*: '-trlfl +4+= '-(e)H +A+B+ d€ 7l-bC"l 4frl4.

@ r;.5o; aJo3

. OlH HJqr q q:dzrlE

. ^l=
Lf= LHLJoll +l^l-drfE =4,!clg.
=x,!Gl.

@ rf= Hfaf= I : d€ zl-b€ql +4lg{ol €=r '-+H +4trt E ,^

^FJoil^t
Y 4Azl 9l+q4. :z ol+= '-(e)E €Aq Eq ,_+H +4+ 7l
+g,g +;q ?+r 'J6l= ^l+E ^d4g +EH4l EH6lrl rrI+E ==
^lg:q4l
qq.
. E+"-H ++jrtE
^f+
.34]= -J7l^l ?-J? rl =rJt+qrf.
EdtrfE
. Tl+el ,,t.lol=zl =?dqg.
^lL.!rfE =rJlclg.

04 ol+l .=e jtZl

@ -r1,t 1r1
'zlE d€ F4r+ €ol'9 *9-e z"lA4 xllq"J9 +EtH,ltrt.
1. '29 *E .E.4r+ a.ol'9 F_g-E a"l= ?*
:dtrf.
. +al= l^|+rf^ltrl alol=
. d4e +Eole] d3 ze.l trJdlrl^ltrl dlHtl.
^lg
z. 4zlzl olul $r. 9l= ^tdg 4+"Jalb +^FE a+
. E.rl^lnl, 9=g uE glrl.
. olEl of^lrl./.lnl. = EL71go1
=E ,tl.!ol ?J+Lltrl..
^l=3 =^l

E -rlu
r+rle+€4l= Eli. r+4E "J trll+"il gqkl 44. *Fl +elq= "J6l= rl+"l
zld e r^l"t Elqq. * E1}r+ Fl E1}E +q7l e+qq. ts-F * EtlE
^ldg
+qql '4E 4# "l Srl4. '-cJrJ'= '-ll/$.cJtJ'E HIE + S+qq.
1. 4|e+ €x119 Ho+€ HII- : '-Er]'e ut€ + 9l+qq.

. 7l?Joll= E^lzJoll If-Jol .pjrlLl ELlLptl 4qd,qs.

. ^l:d z17l7l "JtlLl ^l-d0l
?J Et|?19.
^l3oll= ^l=e

N -clH, -=EJIE Hlil

g=8 FI E8 "$l=,\FJol EIE +tt t471
-tr1L| 7-171 g Eer-Erl- Lf=el g ^
ap1, fl^t|, DEt| lt./1 e-{IH EAl| /\fAtql9
o IuE
-=E1l
* qzll= 4"1 g{.alqq e=e re{ ?*"le-.
(++flH tl+g ull., uilzl. zld BgteJ
^J46}H^J €zlel
* gzllb aol +t9].Erll ets$ r+{ ?*ots.
(++fl ++*H Hln)
^ldl} €xll$

.l30 Chapter 1 -"iColE

 4Zq g qi+q +4kl ar+ : '-ollq^l'-tr Hlg + 9l+q+.
. d+71^l-d3+= ECal dfrJLl 1E= :ilqe..
. q= rH+El b4l= ^l-doil^l
Ll 7l+71 E^Iol9.
=ofoltrl

.-+JelE
€4 *"1 7149=_ 6lqE +qaql^J= dqeE 44+ tlHlEe +41il= g
"l"J.J 4.

04 olfl
=e ltst
 TOPIK]t

E-E=
1. gg : +EB4l 'JoJqEl. +€4ee'J6tzl ?++qq. E^l Flql +.-qq.
g4E rlaElqq. E+q^l '-E4 g C+4E t+S.+qq.
=^t*el
.a'E61 6lE= 6l^119.(5E-ol 611119)
. +g %jE=("JE=) 6hd^le.(+goll trtd^le)
Et|g =^l
^lilOll :g =^l
Et|g A5-g Zqle)
. See SEdfE= Zqle.(gee
. rl+ o1u1E.E 6lrl.(^f+ trJLl^f)

2. : -(-9-) e flZlzl, -(-9-)= {E-=-

^17J.4.E
. 10,\l7l qE= +8=ol qloll 9^l ?'rffaLl+'(10 l7l EJ ttHzlrl)

./\l:d d-Joll "JIHE= 8+:iI+Lltf.('Jol g ttHT/lrl)

. d= rqLJ 3Llol IIL|E= I^lol ?d.Gl,\1 +E-Jol 4€6f1lqg.(rl-J ttH't^l)
^l

3. -41 : f+41 6l+r. a), +^l(FlE E^l€ +"J)

^l+(qe ^t*q4l ^17'l=

O : '-E9 g .E+ '-41'EEt+l€+91+qq.

^fE
. ge..J3 LI|TI -d+0ll^l B+6fEe 6l+6f1l.qs.(a+6fxl)
. gEhTf Ltollzl +tr1011^1 ?+= eE= 6lltols.(& e-111
^t
. dgLJe EHg +g=ol 54= g]E= 6ldLltrf.(r4= 9l1l)

e) + t s.d : rLo ^t *ql^l Eo tE +4.l4 +

o €B'Jqq. '-E$ g EF '-47
-eEt+l ++ g+qq.
. €+61^l gE= 5d6f^11s.(A+6hrl gXl)
. E+= qolqal^l ;9iE-= 34oll 4+Llq.(qolElalrl Ell)
. op4 € + 9lE+ lE.al-dLltrl.(oh74 + 9lxl)
^lz= =

l32l cnapter 1 -"iColE

@*-rt
*ee , g q=+flss Hl+g 9 z!"1
1. '|_<l'71 'olzJa|gxJ *4JS,"'l'9
A+= E+6lr 9q ?oll'= eq r "Jg 9"lE rlapl + 9+!+.
=
. HqTf=^l zoil gr=tr|.
=cl7l=^l =^l=
'+fl017f #olal=rl Zoll d== +Htrf.
=olo-f=^l
'=xl'7Fgz+ €4 zll TleEll^i ol:. a145_ dq6lqE +BF6l+= Fee
2!g ql e6l + +qb HlqE 9"lE +qBq+.
. 7l'=Tl 9=^1......
. EJ=^l 4=^1......
.l^=rl "J=I|......
. E=Il "J=I|......

Exl'b €€9ul '+, +, xli e+ A*qq ,troJzJE ElqEl. ol a?= 'lJ

({, z)a}Q oll,<J '...a 6F 7l +E€ €qlEqq.
eE .9.ef=^l L;.Jg ezl=rl ++ oH7l7 | ?l= Zot.

E[=ol
r. $ €ol F6l+ {+!H q €e:4Elg +{tsqq. ,_61=
{alrJol' el *
s +4Hq+.
.,,(.FJEfrf g=01 +e=01 Lfaltrftrf 5G_= rf=trl.
. goll,\jE 0H7l=d=o1 Brr= ofr_1o; ql€olrt.

2. Eli* ulla|{ "Jg ul 4Eq+.

^ldg
. gol Hl e=ol +olTltrl.
.01 E=01 Flr1s. u^l= *= + fi.flcf;

04 ot+t .=e I rsg

 TOPIKII

Eu-ol/oL/q Tvla
c€€E q+l= 6lq rag _E_+61r. E= zlrlr :z ++q +€eg e9l= +
g +4tsq+. E'Jql F*ol +q+.
1. €.4 €l^lel AE|g 6l= a+ : dd€9 B+l= + + _r. aq€ ulE}_e_-E F4
€9 €9lzl olF{Ag +El$qq.
. EII= ul Tf^l_r. ?^ll$oll '-:flole..
. Ll+ LJol 6H 7l^17 'J$q9.
=4=

tEgl
N -ollollq 7Ftr., 4l/otlqqTlol HIE
'-9/ot/94z| b CEB€E Efle+ +4€E B9lzl ,+r+ v+= *q^J ol+
9zlzl"J, '-9lot/9 zlz].t +4 d+E *"1 $,+qq.
=
2. tr-fl F^le+ aEl6l= 4? : E+9 FE+= d68AE r}4zl +B€9 €olg
++ A+rl *+q+.
.^l+€ol +?l 7f^lr of+ gE E =:,{ol-e.
. d,g.Jzf €ol Tvla_ -"1lGl^l7l #g+Llrl..
=q

s -ot/ol/q{7t)
1. gA+ t^ql^J dB€E Bglzl "l+qzlr-, t\.o-e. g9TI a+= zlzlt_
xll29 tliql^J +€€9 B+l= 6l= ag "J*rJtrl. t}ig oJ:=" ol+=
=4
"l gltrt.
. trJF= /.frlTf qfiqg.
. +^ll= 6Htl.7l dg-J7ll salole..

2. +^J= +Et.ll= '-o|/o|.<J'e+ Hl++ 4 ?zl"J, '-ollql94(zD'E 4+=

d6d€4 F4€ol gqLl= *4zl +Er. '-ol/q^J'= E"4ol gq+= tL
zllEg tszl t*.a..14.
^E
I

1341 Chapter 1 -"iColE

@ -oyqlq^l :aJrl
'dB€ q+q +€€r+ ,J+ 4+zl tBA4r ECEI f $.zl"J E i1g +EilJ
q+.
. "J= Eq,(l ralrl trr-ol efg.
. 30E0lLl 7l+al,\l ralxl aE0l= o+7J ElTl Ll, ?lgtrl..

fHoll
LE EI

'ol+ t.^lq Eq^J + qql= ,_(ol);+^J :flzl,E #q+.

. _r.Eaf,\l raJrl -Lf+"J= fl41 HH+=+L|.
. SEej HH+7|- gafef^l ralrl -pjrl.
=E6f= =goll ^faJol

S -ovollqol
E€€+ A+€ql= 4;<l *+q+. gzlol+ dEql ql+ *€ol F++qq.
1. dq€g B+lc E= 4^+q e€4 4a"Jg +4tsq+.

. -d="J= g0l0t -d=oil^l E7l7l tralrls.

. E_4/'1= EIOF qtr.oll .gj+Lltrl..
=rl
+B€q ttl+ Hlql ^ldg 44.o e 6l= A+qE € + 9l+q4. olqq=
rl^J"l"l '-R/gl/g-'4 a.ol € + el+qq.
. HlTl Lf eJGlOF 4E=
'J= EJlrllg.
. Z+EJ= g dHoF +l^l= -g EJIEJI.

,_g/"}/goF
t€€ g"l ,_xl,+ ,e4'E Fg zl4. z\ q| + aEl6l
q€ trJ ,&* =
s€€ Elq+.
. !617 | E+= dHoF^l g3= rtr + ?tole..
. rf+ "JL|OFil €01
=q9.

04 cl+;.=s ltgs
TOPIKII

4. g€4 BflCg 7l^la-+++qa 7t44E, 44= ot+ 4+ol $."1 9g +

qBqq.,_g/ol/{=., -9/ot/9 *4j 9 FsE. 4"Jq4.
. oh+al ofsl^l= nEE $ 6hCtrf.
goloF gof+= ,r.FJ3 of+E g'E 'zioltrf'
=afoF
. €rl6f1l

5. €q^l '-9t/9/99"F 9 €EIg 4H "JHl4 44zl otu 54 4+q

^l4l=
ql-J +El= +4Bq+.

@ -9vgvgtrjLl
*zlzlrl4q zlzlzl qF+ ag Elt6lq'J€ q +q+. Plxle+ +q7l +
a+ql= olz| x|41o1 r+rl I zlzl4+l= E"l4^l
qt4= 4,ol Eqq.

l36l cn"o,"r 1-"jColE

7 -?ilfr,lg,trJalE
EalE .ll+d-, 4rlql SE€ ^ldg sltl6lq +q6l= A+el qq^HAl 4r+
6l= a+ + 7l^lrl 9l+qq.
L +q^H4l C46l= 4* : re4
e56lzl ?+9te{ +g Ar+71 Ltgg Hlql
rerll 6lz1 9+gg +sl6l= "JEqq. +qdql +E '-(s)= aolq. -(_q)=
a, -(-9-) = Qlrlle' e+ ag €EIE +.Jtr}.
. ga{ ttl'Jtlaffl GlETl doll Ett-g EJlEll.
. oltrfE Ef?,trlalE ra^IGlg.
=?t= =
2.'-(-9-)= Q r*,+= '-*q+E -9tg 4 tHAl 6lzl elolrJ "le4l qfl
trl'E *eE *E "JE Hl+g +4tsqtrl.
3. 4Zq feZl 619+€- qq^Hrll ^J4L6l= 4* : 449 B€.ol St gol4
:ze|l 6lzl ?+9tg A+= ^d46lq 6l='JEqq. +e€ql= '-(e)= 4ol
tr}, -(e)= HgI4 Fol F+ol 4Eqq.
. +g= :ilrl+E gef6l EEiI= 7Jqle..
gr
. +avl Eel+Il Lj?,trlafE ;-l H6t Hsl6H r
4O= LM-t
L
.

E -?VslsE=
4rlE €-z+ol'l tr-ql€ +El+g +Eltsqq. +q€e €d4 ql4qrlLl €dzl
o-E E7l-t-+
^Ldg +qq.
. Elal Elzl "Js :?.[trJ=
ol=lZl Et= It|+^l ?J?t= EJltll.
=Hl=
- E+7t lEtrJ rl ts?,ttrj=
'gqllrl= ?J?t= EJlrll.

x '-91/9./9q+H'e 4zlq + ^ldg +cl^Hrll d46l= a+el trtB

'-91/s./9H5 e +El^Hzl
^J461= A+ql Azl"J,
^Hrll ^J461=
a+q"J #q4.

04 0l+l .EE 137

 @-rt
L tql*q4l 6l= IrJg elll-Jqq.
O t=^l-oll 4ql .?Al aVlE fl+-Bh= LfElLJLlth'
^1E
. +E6fa1 71.^f.
. +el +,\l3 oHTl rtrJ6f^l..

@ ig+ EE].foll ,r,r.ql ral:$ a= fl+-st= LfElLJLltl-.

. +al E+ cl E+tolrf.
. olEE gol =
Hol^ltlefE 'J€dl^|..

@ StHHJg gEolLl 9.?= +'J-Bt= LfEfLJLltf.

. -l-zH, Lal^f.
. oJ4ol, r=-l1l

@ olollll a=AAl d 'zlZ 9+-Bt=

LfEfLJLlth'
==
. tsts61 9l^1.
.=+g lil?lE1l, 6E6l
=
-g ,t= ol0llXl g6H= ga^f -g trH r(gLltl.
O "Jdl= olTl aE,+Al
==
. LfE El/.l^l..
. Lf =LHalIf.
=

@ t#e a=,ll -* 4= Elal gal LlEhLJLltl'

="Joll^1] ==
. 6lLfol ql= H^l-.
i =q
. -"t+=elql EH6H,LI gtr1H^|.

1381 ChaPter 1 -"-4ColE

2. slt"Jql ,t'<olzl-E .JrJtrt.

O "Jdf= 0l rfEolLf olEE LfEfgLlrf.

^fcol =d.
. q rl Fr. _H.If.
. Ll, Fr Hrf.

@ "J6f= 0l7f 84= ?l6H /.lrJ= 7l^lz1a- -g ttfl ^ gLltf.

^ftlol =clLHTl
. cltrl _H.^f, LHTI rz olrl0ll Ffltrlal.
. )ftrJ ?,lll, 9=ol qEol^l?

@-rlolrl
* EtlE "Jol €tl +ql Hle Fl ErlE 9"1 99Bq+. +q4 E€. s E+9
+qql '4 zl g + 9l+qq. Fl E1tql +A. €x}. ul4zl sF g + 9+rltrt.
. oftsoll oJol Ll^lrf^f El^19..(g0l Ll.rl.)
==
. -d+oll e^lEl^l -d+cl= HH+71
. ^l4r.:elGle.(etrl)
df^lnl^l +lrl-g Zqle.(=gdftrf)
=g=

x -rt. -rtEtrtE ts|f,

J\lzol olEl olEl

+olel Eq =4ol
(g0l ELtr (got 8z + gHJ4?! g +l EEel
rlrll
Hte) oil)

-rl +Gl (
=q
a\ r.)) X al71
rlz, E^H,
-^lEl^l +q ) Evl
Ed
o X
E IEl|

B '-4r E+ '-;(lulzf -e. Ht+l € + gl+q4. :244 '-xlulzf .=

E Hl+l= € + SE 4*zl *+q+.

04 ol+l 'EE .139

4 -rtt
r. q€ gEq-+zlg zt4al9 :_ =dgl trt+ trt= q€ 4+l= 614+ telql
9l+g d+g q] #.itrt.
.:qt-Loll TlrfE Elot -drl.
^l=
./.l-doll -st46f^lE Ed6l +'+oll S.tf.
=+-g
2. qtr-q= q€ tr-+g zll.<la|{ : ad.ll q= tr-4= TI+g trI +qq.
. -JOl EIIE gtrlLl tl 7lE+a10F -JDl??
. l-Jol E+^fE of^l Eg+Lf.

3. F ol4 '-zl *61+ , '-4 "J+ Fq +4 E€4= -J4l + + fl+q+.

+. #4 s€9 AE]E '?I ol4 '-zl ?++ e+ Ae +e E€g 4oF El,J4.

. E+= ?J 6f^fE r4= g EQzl- grf.(o)

. B+= 6l^l LJ^IE 44= g =Je)l S.tf.(o)
. 6l^l.E r4= g =Je.z1 g.tl.(x)
=+= =

x '-zl$.'g Etrl z.lol Sol '-(e)qfl'4 Ht+l €+ 91trt.

=

M-EIOILIEJ=
1. dq€ol +B€q^-l 6l= 4E 4E= :"1otq _E_=
IrJ6E_zl Eg +El
ql= gAq"lEqq. '-= "J# E F +. CEE =zrl
LlElLll= ?*4 ?ol
olel qilg + 9l+qq. =Z=
^J
. HfaJol EI. -J,ul7l ++q"J= E7l6H E,\lrl.
. 0lag +E0lLl'J= ="J=
_H.== d|loF -=f zLlrf.
^llEHE

z. ,rlzlol4 4.4= '14.11= "J+ €^trl Hl+qq '-oll7l -(ol)q"J# E +€

oe. 4olts 4?zl glbrll, olull= dq€ol plzle+ 4zlzl r.JE ol6llzt q=
+c ^lzl"l+ +4= +Ellilr ol= =7lE 6lq +q€ol ol+qag q4B
qq.

1401 cnapter 1-"iColE

 . /.ltHTf ,t.ltHLltrJ= "JICoH9.
(^l+=Zl "J-=f + g.= flEel rl37f fr= /.lt|.|)
. rHTl rt|t|Ll"J= -dTjdfz ^ltH,
#3 8401 Ll=rjlp.
(^jqi q= r4)
. Llol7l LlOlLIDJ= oJgoll tH-Lf rtrJol ?lr^1!^l_9.
(6d=
^ttr)

E -p)L/=trlltrl7l
d6d tl4lol+ tr-4q +q t.+"14 ^J4zl 'iEq^J 'JqHg'l+'Jq+. de
€4 +€eE F^l= Ae €Aq 4ee $t"JCol 9lq^J '14^J'e. €Aq=
+tlol 6l+E AEee. {Eg + glqoF oJq+.
. +E0l= DlalTl Ed.-l dt|9.
=Stlltf7f
. €301= += rl^l=rllrt7l =Ju|]=. trl+l_g..

g-(9r il|E
'"1"1 9lb rJ4 :4e
?*r'9 Fg +e}r]l='JEq+. dq F4lg 6l=
H6lxl
^Jqq^J +4 F4ol
ol+qdg Llettsqq.
. ofTl= rf^|.= +oll tl ^|.| trr.ol
'E= gcl =fit|.
ilrlLl z;tl7l
=3 ^Htr =ficls.

N -(9)L ill.=., -(9)u/E ElltrE HII

_1o)t- il|E -1o;L/! rflE
cltr E4tel €^lLl AtEHTf E6f^l ?j
Il'r
oloo
AE=
I ItrLLH
E
^l+el Tlg6l= Eg4 'Jol'el *= LlEf'J
-lLl
q-l -L7||= +oJ
^H
"JIH'J= --Jtrf. @ L|TTI a7H= +ol= rfle lElE +q Hf.

04 cl+l EE ll4l
 TOPIKII

6-(9L/= EHE
Eo^lgl Eq^J '*g +4".|4 rJ4e+ A€. E"J-g-e' E.= '98 "J"l "J94:::
trll'9 +
+4tsq+.
r. d€ 5t^tE so 4ol4 tele+ Ag EoJ-9-tr' E *-9.E s= zd* : F4 E^lel
tql F^lql F+ agl4.
. c,SL-Jol +=^l= r|]E H+Lltf.
'84-sl 4e trJ6H Hf9..

2. 'g€ gol "Jqq= rql *c-E 4+ 4+ : F4 F^lq"J 4o14,

,_b qlg g
€EIE"J
=^l'E
+qq.
. E4r6f= rHE EII= E
al4,!+Llrl.
.I trJLl= tHE 0l "Jg dofrjl+LlEf.
^laJg

N -L -rtEtrtE HIL
EllE,
'-= 4E dq Fz+ol "Jq+u :
^J4zl 4+q=
zt$rll +e Fzl"l "J
= :flrlJ '-xlulxf
qBg oJoJq4. d€ tiz+ol "Jq*g ull"J zt4 7lr- +
g€ 9*ol =
flq^J +g€g 7l^lY 4*zl E++qq.
dEo4rl

3. '€ ol^J qBzl g + sg 4EE ++ tr-elvl^l' 4 F-g-E zJ-fl sfloll 4E

4*: '-= 4E 9 €qtql "J+ F+ F^t7l Hl+611^l E+q+.
. ol{! LfE E=4lrl. =J El1e qqaf.
. L+:S 4e =d=r1lE g3
0J Elfirl.

@-(g)L/= tHColl
d4€E q+l+ tlql= +€€9 1eE ql4l+g +4.llzl+ B€q 9l"l"F B
olH trt= 4,"1 : zl?-lE zl;{,*g +4HqEl.
^l-E"l+ €9lzt
.8+= rlof-L.E * ^l= tHColl laH= g -dtl.. :dtr|..
. +"Jol= +-=.'JE ?1 15 rHtloll EE=
-=.,t -Piol
EaJElr.

l42l Chapter 1 -"-4ColE

g-(e)L/= E)otl

+q7l BglE g"Jol Eg +4tsqq. +c40J 9ulE +4,.l1= +1}ql +E 4

E.J+.
.,\lg0l= zle= =ioll atls "J?tclg.
g=J= dl= E_loll=6|-r.
. Eolu | 4g 0f0l= r.qoll
^=:iltrl.

@-(9L/=trll
I rJ* €€, d+l : ullrffi ^lzlg ull, +EHXI plxll$ ul€ ull xl? 48{lq+.
. eE LH €gErll +al troll ef.
.7J7loll =el
Efloll ?l 7le?
. .J/rl7f =*l=EllNoll ,JDlg?
=erll

-( o ) r/ir-fl(tlg' €B), -( o )qzt(ol+)E Hlf,

.'Jul7f 'Ji7te?(d|aJ= €E-d + zfrlr- -d)
. -Jr{7f =3Ell ^loil
N01l ,JDl??(t!oll 7l^la_ 6l= 01f,7f -Jr l7l.=71
^toil rrt|Eoll)
=oLlul

z. ulr : $ Et4 Fl ++g Hl+l + + 9l+qq.

.71= g= 4r.ofg.(tlJ8 4t3rll 7l= 719.)
=r1l
.oJdl7l= +lEtll ]^7l= olz19l9.(l 7l= cleltql "J617l= +l?19.)
.353 E6fErll .L.a|.|= Fot|e.(lal|= 453 gd|]e.)
=dl=E1l

s. 4a : * EtF9 zlQls]5 HlqE H +tlE 44zl Ll4Bq+. * Etl$ Yl

+*gHt+J€+S+.lr+.
.:3rg Edal F Hle.
=+6|-=rll ^l:dE
. €0fo-f= /.|aJol ?lg=tll -'llqfi,cl9.

04 q+t .EE 143

 TOPIK II

@-(9L/=EllE
qaq '-(e)u/Erll'q ,Jag 'E zl +41 4?1 aEqq. 'J6l= rl+"l 44q
.fr$ q zt=6la- dg EI ^l+-Jqq.
. ECdl EE;6|=EJIE €= uu]lg.
. =
Pj?t=rllE ofFzi=. =iHolg.
^lz0l =

@-(9'E
dB€"] +qeE olf4 =4."1Eg +4tsqq.
. +lcl7f E= r= Eflse dal 7fr ?lgtrl.
. LHTI E== r= rf^l=6H rH=JE i[cr.

tEel
1. '-llY e++ 9l+qq. '(g-)qvY + qElql^J xli rt ollrJJ. '-
qlx]El
(.s)u# g +zlqq 44g *+ "J4 qgBqq.
2.4,^l7l '-"J+ 4 A{lo-l{ 4olb A+ql= REol "tq+, Hte, -(s)
.E'J6lH'9 F-g-E 4Eq4. ol4Eg _H_a^l ',-YlgJ sE q7l6lq
+zll='tq$.ltrl.
. ol gel r4g3 rl.goil4l gl+Llrf.
^f€oJ= r
.^E?l+ /.laJOl al.,t 1o; 3== aaJ-dtltlal..

tr-(9= trJ=
'a4+ eg oJ-9-E, aA+ +Al' 4 9ulE Lt$Bq+.
. q= "J= 71"^17flll9.
. =4= rrllzl^l + gl= "J= Hr 4q9.
. ==
d€'J. 4rilE = -g + ?t= == +^lle.
"J="J

l44l cn"p,"r 1-"iColE

 N -(9)= €S, -(9)e trJ=el HII
+{oil
=gel
-1o;e $E :.zlal Hl+dfzl € + ?lrl
@l H|lrrt,\l 4altr trso1r1-.1e1
.^. CHFL
44 -T- H LI
-(e)e "JE tzntl ,J71[+4tll) =
@ Hl|r4^l 4alE EJEolrl.(x)
'-(g) a 4E e+ '-(9)= "J# e Fol Hli6ll^J Et+l € + :lb 4gzl
*+q+.
'-(9) = trJE
- '-(9)= CE' : Hi+l + + s= 4+E fl+q+.

@ -(a)= EtrJ olLlal

:. $r.|21 zl{zl$ r|EoJol olrJJ. :gl q6lq +e E^Pl zl\zlY,r.lgzlzlE
E Fg +Eltsq4.
i!ol= 4* : E^lq E"lrl ,N+("J) olq+ E €qls jlEqq.
1. -H-=^lE
. trcEEJ ofLlef olts=. #flGl_g..
. "Jts^#oJ olLlef F8| g+_=. ilolg.

E=E^IE irol= 4* : €.z+ €.^1, tFql €l^1, 'ol+ F^lql

Eq^J'-(9)=
+("J) "tq+ I €qE AELlEl. dB€ol +aolH +q€E *coJn, dq
€"1 *C9 +4'l|H FB€s +€g +4tsqq.
. €3ol= rl=ol rE E ofLlal EEe. qlHEl_".
.I ".t?t= g ofLlal $Efls Tltr-BlLltl.
^]=J3 =4101

04 ol+l
=E ll45
ts -(9)= EJlEll

i=t-(s)= 4ll + tl+t-(e)-€ll : * E^J9 +q= I. 2 .3?la, Fl EtFq +

qb *. +4.4 aotE qJ. B4E Eqq.
. l-d0l Glzl$ EJltjl Eddl 8+6t|0F dt|9.
. Tl+=01 )lLl=J EJltll Eal 7l HlJl_g..

x -(9)= eflulz[, -(9)= EJEJIE Hlil

7= elEl E=otl
-(9.)e ErlLlnt -(-9.)= Ell + -(o)Ll7l[ +=el ol+= "J-Ef
4
=
-A CHFL
-T- H "l
_(o.)= eJlr1l
-(9)= Ell + -(o)LtJ +=sl afg= "J-Et € + ?trl
w zlzl "+g ql ! z| xlalpg B^l tr}. (++q
"l+)
w TlzlIr+€ €lull zldleg B^ltr}.(++E rr-+ €€)
w Tlzl "+el ellzl 4E6lzle_?( x )
- '-(e)e ElulvY 7l
=qzl
+te e+q € + strt.
w Tlzl9€ qE6lzls?(o)
Hlcll

g -(9=771 HK,t.l)
:7q+ €9lzl g^J6l= 4€. E= rEl+ ^Jq}"I
g ag geJ++ Fg +4
Hqq. =
. ElTl Hl. 4€:ilq9.
==^]ql =Dl
. q= goil^l tr+-lTl Hf gEfLl z8:il=^l
=ale..

E -(9=alilE!
q H ae+ gg +t4 0-e. zlcalb a+q 6qq.
. Etrl7fE gEfTl H+oll +eaf^lE 0f717l Etrl=e.
=i
. HlTl gat^lE HJE/.I q+=01 ttlolg.

1461 Chapter 1-"iColE

@ -(g)E E trla1
:dq€E z.ld"Jol olqn Azl4l q Eq^J +B€E rlds :84 #- Ll
4tsq4. "lql dq tl^l7l *49 +4.IH +e F^lE *Ag +4qa. = d6d
€-^l7l +49 +4qH +4 €.^lE +Cg LlElBq+.
.-l- d+= tHoJ Tlgol g trlel x1l4_E e-stLltrl.
. )l+71 hat|= E ==
EaJ= E trlz.l +nlE EHE:d+Lltrl.
^!?.! =

E-e={El
:€41 9zl ?*zl= ut4zl"J +^l r+41 q= ag 44+tr1= gul= +4Bqq.
gElLf Edal
==^jlal. =al=^l =afe,

-(9=tE
L q€ E"4ol4 ^J4zl cJdl t9 +4tsqq.
. -d='J3 A+-g++ IHtr|?l+LlEl.
. HIE+= AE= adaHoF ErLltrl.

2. '-(e)H'r+ AEl6lg 4szl q4 ag q ,J6l4l e€.JrJ4.

. !a|l= L40l ELlEf.
. qg= =eE =g++
6lE -g+= ^Htr'8
zEol 'JqdLltrl.

{o-)=Tlct|
E+9 4dol '"r€q re 4,"144 9l€6lH^J, dBE"l Hql e='JE +rl
z40l Eg *+qq.
. Ltal= ,\lBtdlr 0|-,4T.!EH qnl Eltrfdlx.q.9.?
.Il+sl g-J= 4€-=FdEt|
=++=
EJ39gg qnl HJzJ6lr^1lqg.

04 Gl+l .=E 1147

ffI -(94/altrE
r. slzlzt trlrllE rt€"14 7144 '-4.zl"J E *9-E +qq.
^ldg +=g "ll,
.21= ?Joll EI|trE ?ioaJ"J bOll E!l^l g==9.
. E= qgs$ +oal"J ofal-=. 0lEtrfZ -stLltl.

2. igg Lt4.ll= '-(s)H +4.+ ql '-(s)d"J ol €q^l '-(9-)E 6-9-H"J

E €^le-E +qq.
. g0l E 6[|=ElE oJ zDl Hl 4€01 EJLlrl.
=oal"J
. +"Joll= -Jrl7f E+?teE o aJ oJ q'gI I -? = r"1lLllg.
=

E -(9at7l=
+qE EE= €q5lEH +qEr+ 7J+ 44ol 9lq"F +g 9"16J!4.
. alE= Eo.a17]= E= ;=q9.
. e.l,l.lTl Ela171= gC6l 3+= 6t|ef.
^l=+El

@ -(g)alLtet
d4+E 'il+g +q+q azltlzlbrll, ul49 .Jol4 7144"J "Jq +6lq ',a-

q+eEEolr9H+4tsqq.
. ErH= -PJealUef #= ELltl.
^18= =4E
..l. qll= EfEulE l+alLlef +IlaJ6ltl= -stLltrf.

l48l Orapter l qlColE

E-(9q
1. L+g : fi zlzl oltFE gg +41 Elqr+.
g+lel E8= Hl+lE rJd+Llrf. gFlel +ol7f e= r|lel rf= trHTl ?l+Llrf.
'-I(L|E)'ef-Hf+l + ?t+Lltf. Te
= =Gl^.lloll ^lEEtLlrl.
.I 7l7l d4s.
^FJ3r-BFoll=_q
'+E'Jg 4l^lq +==+Lltrl.
-Lf+oll ArLltl.

2. F^l t.zl : + 7l7l "Jg tl^lql -Jq+.

g+lel Eaf= Hl+lE rJ#a|J+. g+lel g=(o4r.)ol e= /'lrJoll gq-JLlrf. gFl
q +q7f e+Llrf. '-(e)E^J(5^l EAr)'ef Hl+l + gl+Llrf. Eqill0l --r--.x.
=
,(IE-EILltf. =
.5801 o-T- tr -l lrl
=u5l-r 'l .
=qt= =eq
. Ll= .JellHlE= Hq 6Hg.
. gtLlTl qloll +Llq ^l/.l=
6l^10ll rlL;o19.

@-(9qe
gqlol+ +4tsqq. qlzl ^J€€ +aq"lzl +lul.ErJ4.
=rl=
.9=3 E9.ojo;=g gdolltrJ "J= -EtLltrl.
.01 E- LH aol 0l-r_;og +?.!= +ol+loF -sr-Llrl.

@ -(ol)=J,rE
E^lq Eq qE ^ldg Etot ols= A+q 4= d+€
=^lEq+. d€ E^l
g €€-€ql tseol glsH ,_olg,<l-r. , Eaol s,eH ,_B^Jr', 71 4!Eq+.

. Tl7l7lr4g^f=J^lr E3 alrl Ua_ -Lftrf.

^1717ltrJ
. Lfol LJg /.fgolaJ/.lr ol+ollzlLl HJ"J6|= Z L]ofg.
=^l

04 ol+l
=e ltal
2. qtr qtr 491= 6}= 49 6l+6tz+ -dq€|g q4Bqq.
^l+qlr{l
.I FJ3 LHT| g0ll Ll^17]l16f^l E=tf'
.:grlLl= +^|=^ltlol
HJoll =a{tf.
=01911

rHoll
LE EJ

1.'-ol-,-61-,-El-,-zl-,-+-,-+-,-+-'=il^+6tq"J=qzl=it
qflql"J AolzllrJ, '-4.| 6t
F^ls=g '9o14, oJ6lq, gE+ e+ *ol 9*
r+ e.E "lqql q i!"J + 9= a"l 54 "Jq+.
=
2. '-41 6l+ E d a+el '-ol-, -61-, -E-, -z\-' -+-, -a-'' -+-'
a+=
^|so
qs=r+ 4-3 9"1 it"l= ts-"Jqtrt.
= ^l++
. clftlLlTl ofol0llll gzll -dtf.(oltrlLl7f ofolollxl R= geafz
. qqLlTl ofol0llzl ==
3= g-dtr|..(clftlLl7f ofolollzl rltr E= gE= ^la)
Eel-=)

4 -l ulcl
E"4ol4 rtd"l "J"l
eE^tE Eo4ol4 rt4"l €+a ^lzl4-e-E +q +qe9
+rl+. :fl rJ4zl q9+g 'ZJa6ll^l t+ElBqq.
.4r1lE Ef 6lr- +Ll nfBol Tlqfl*'olg'
. EE 4= 01716lr LfE TlEol Ea19'

E -r. "Jtrt
L ar+ql qoJ otfl+, rdd* ut$"l 99 : ul4zl t*ts €4zt qQ*g q=
+qq.
. gal=?J oH?laf ="11q^lr "J?,tclg.
^ft!
. Tl+elel E+= 'atHq qolslalI. "Jqttrf.
. ++ ,\l-stoll,\l +al EJol "J?tcl9'
^lr

.l52 I

Cnapter 1-'idtrlE
2. q€ a+ql 4+ 9zl, =-3 ar+ql ql+ rJ== +Eltsq+.
. El|+ /.l-dql :st46lr
"Jrj!+Lltrf.
. EqqLIE u1-37r-1.
==dl-L
. +al =Jol-=+ olTla_ "J?t+Llrl.

90J, zl4lol 96l= 4# "JElq+.

. q:'J= 6fr #clg.
. Z+Ej= ,l.fr. #q9.
^|l

x -(o)E +flq, -I dtr+el Hlf,

04 ol+l '=e lrSS

Z-Ll Htrl
:Bz{l +=-6}= "l*4 zATl 9lzl"J 4d 4 E AElol S,+.r14. f4^j q.d6l
,_+?, ,_71?,
"J + Sg ql ^F.s"Elq+. . s€gl= "J6lb ^lH.E eldq 4szl
q+qq.
. (=8 goil Lr3 4 !rl.-1ny1 gElTl rHEl?lLl Hrf.
. (6H7f ^FJol
. (oltrf Llel E€01 ?t ,J nvpt11 7lEol ?J ELltrf.
. (rl+9 =3
E+7t Llg !r:ptl}
?J ?J
=o+l7l
:iILf
ELltrh.
^le =+=

N _zl -q Hqel Hlf,

=q,
g,
-E =47t
g_) , e:d(s4)?!= ec fl=
=;94
2Jtrl
-4 o o o o

-Ll Htrl X o X o

ts+=dttrt
[Eo^t, 'fltrt/$.+ {l A"lq] d{l ^}€ql qlql +++g +{tsqq. ffl= a
Aq E F€ 9"lElq+.
. +^lrl= F-d
. al$-d -Jul7l ^alHcl.
9= + /.taJg e== ++6H +=
=-sfLltrl.

i54\ crrapter 1 -"-\colE

 e)t-/E 46ttr1
+ !91+, '$,+ ql €ql qH €# AAge:zHFal4l +"Jg +4ql=
,461+ zl al4l r^"J E€Eqq.
"Jul4. "l"l '-H r+ Ba€:^l
q€ efl= g+=qlE:ael=
6.lz1 aaH :zHFalz{l AA" e +"Jg +E}Brltrt.
. "Jel4= _H.EII E+6|-= 4:ilolg.
.
"Jollll ^l= 4:dq9.

r+rlE t+g "JEl q]= F^lq '-e 461+ € #q+.

.Ll==E46ftrlal.
. "J= E^l gr?t=EllE +3 4:dtrt.

3. '-= 416l+
=
'-= 46t+ + 49 Hli+ H +4Bqq.
Ll= =J= gLs. _=.=E ill:iltr|.

-ElLl/alLlg
E++, 9lg + s.= g, Eg + s= g, tlzl* "J # "JF+ q +q+. +tFE
€-"il g +E gla Hql q= +tlol g +E- gl+qEl. r+rl .€zll .trl4ql EF
'-qLl l+q'71 &+91+q+.
. q=oil Eol e.rlLls?(q=0il h0l e.+Ll E= + fi.ole.)
. olH -+7|oil gtElLls?(olH +710il g.trlLl E= + H,cls.)
^l:dol ^le0l

04 ol+{'=e I rSS
l[ -clg^le?
ol"tzl= q?l6l44 ,J=g- #r14. oli
=e "lol "Jl gl= ag +^l + H trll

$ gr 9l= ^ld, 44 Apql E ^t€ql qlql^l= '-r+H^Js'= € + $.+q

+. EF zela"l4 s"Jaqrll^J Eg olotzlE q"Jg "l #q+.
L S?]aqlal^J oloFzlE 9"J
=e
7l €qrtig EEo l o f=EJrl.E,'.l-".?
Lf Lll, €"J of=trf?ls. -LfH 7f H^ll_9..
./l €3 ulTl Eqq z=;111c15^1e?
Lf ral|g? €"J Els-{qe.

z. z"Jdqril^J ololzl= +"J . ,J=g- ull

=.g
7l HHIEEf.......
Lf ofTtl= H|1Tl
"J _r.EtrfE^le?(ot|tf 0l0F7l +e)
7l =3
HHT| r.trf^lLlls. +al +l 4=Dle?
Ll =HJ
Z^lnl7t|g.
7l Lll? doll= n|'|8 34E q=+E^le?(Eoil 0l0F7l EJ?l)
Lf olrll 43 + 9tcle.
= =3

lE -trlalr-e
r+rlq 44 y4(^J4.J) Eltr-e ql +q+. += ^l+qril r+4ql 44 4
e+q L4 ^tag'Je ql^ld€-
+qq.
. g=+El ljl"Jo lGl,\l E6l.Eoll ,\l=Jo | -Fjrl alrg.
. ollll .Jrl7l.
.9= 8+ ulTf =rlafr.g.
3+= EC6l 6l-tlatle.

l56l cnrp,"r 1 -.icolE

 x -trlt(g). -trlEl. -trle+I(g)g HIL

ilEJel dE == ^FJoil4l
gAJ
ItaJol'0|.= €H
EH= ==
A X l.r.Fclo
ouuE
-tr1=(e)
-trlrl A lr.lolo
ouuE

-trlelr(e) X X

* q4l gAlTl €q+.(gr{zl +e 4q Ee 54zl ?+eJ

= q 4l g^l7l +q +. ?J+. Eb ^lBr+ *41 s, ol "J6l= ^lH.ol .- a A+
"J+)
* qzll grAlTl +q+J-s.(E= ^tge -E.s= 4-H-= "JEl)

E -gqE
'J6l= olzl 4E+ q€ ^ldg -H_r.oliol "J+g +4tsL]+.
. I l=J Et
. EE3 Ll+=tr-Jrll9.
-d=trJrJlg.

g -E= 6ltrl
(F^lql Eq) += qtr gg 6141 614+ +Ettll= s€Eqq.
^l*qlrll
'--I;.q + F^l '61+ 7l +414?l g.€Eq4. ^lAg
"l"l
1. qH q€ 6lE+ qH 4#
^lvlA+ Ea?l a+
d+l= al4l "Jg
^l+qril
9tr1= ++tsqq.
=
. Ag0l= r-BFoll^l 3 tl+= Eoll DIEE= -*tf.
. ^f7l
r.+H4l/.l eEolollXl 0l +^1lE 4EE= .'"tEE 6fd.tl.

2. q€ q€ q9l= 6l= 49 6l+614+:dq+g +4Bqq.

^l+"ilrll
. _1.= Ll= +lE= -*rl.
. LHTI Lf^lE+ 6.f^l ?J=rf.
^ldsl "Joll

04 olFl '=e I tSZ

 3. [tt+ 71 4€€"]4 A+€e.E Aql E= ^]+q'/ll qtr 4# E€6]4+
A+*g'tqBqq.
.7J= LHoll,\l= Ar7fE.= 6flll9.
. =E=
HJE,I.I EaIHH== 6fE+ -sflltf.
^^il171=

4. ['-E+ 44.q +C-e-e 4q] "J61= r]B"l qB €+1= g a"l+= Ezl+

+as qE}Bqq.
. dguJ "J#= rrt=EE 6l-rdfiLlq-.
. gg.=. AcofEE 6l'daq+.

'-41 6ttrt E tst+l € + gls-Lt 8H 3, 4E A+ql

€ + S+qr+.

tr -(e)e trlbltrl
I.7litl, 9ol7t 9l+ : EH -(9)= "Jal4
.,\lEoll,\l -dH 7fE 'J-d *01 clEjqle?
. :d=P 'J-d E^t(=^f)oJLltl.
^faJ-g
^llzloll

2. olz)t\zl= S4}+: 'ot4 -(9)= trJot4

. 9aHEJ EZOlIl"J 0l-41 € "J6l|9.
. H LJ doll +-.J-iIE Fol^l'J OlrlE g= "J-srLltl..

I[ -oyoyq^ls
1. d"B+ol +q+E g"Jol Erl4. "l4l dEB+E F^lql= ^lzll= se6l= q
El= €g f $.r +e+E €€9ul9l €€€"lq a+€e 4olzl *+q+.

. ofolTf gI. 9lGl9. HHT| olnf^lg.

. Ll=gol 'gol*c|9. HfaJol C6fZl EGl,\l9..

1581 Chapter 1 -4ColE

 s E+4 +t}g BFEoI ol"ldg +48 trI
Fl
"ltrll HzJ 6l=
BFg Fl +tlql -er 4;rq 6lb €Fe * E+ql^l*&El,l4.
Sq+.
. qzJ 7l^l EZ= /.f9.. 7f^J9.
^lgoll
. trtzll 7l+al^119. q7l0ll gol^Je.

E-ovollqrl+
F+ F^lel AEl6l= A+e+ tr-ql F^le+ AEl6l= a+E ++q
+q+. ^J4g + 9l
1. F+ F^lel aElolb 4* : ElFg FeE
#qq. +tF +== *Eg +=
4 B44bql olae a^lEAl +4tsq+.
. E"Jol E|- ulTlrf.
. +qTl =oLptl =Ml7l
?Joll €E= ELH9F -stLlrl.
^ll
z. tt4 F^le+ AEl6l= 4* : t4zl zJ€e, a+4 Edl= r+Cg +qtsq+.
. rJl
Tl+= 5E6H^l= a eolg.
.:d+ 8=Jql^l+
E€ q+"-|1rlrlg?

x trlFBEll= EJE= H.5E:rt HIE

-oll0tlqrlEl -41 sltrt
Hal.-f= ul€E LlEl-'J EEI-d LlEl'J
'EE, al 'J? +,l.lel -crzil r4g =!E
''Ji, nld4,
^f=' =rlol' ee +,(fel -Er4l ^ g

tr -fi/?ygeE olEl/=4!trt
I'lnI q+ zl€+ Hlgg +4Bq+.
^laql
.85= :i{eE
EF
. qgolLf =rJlcle.
'JgE =r^ilrf.

04 q+t EH lt59
 TOPIKII

flg €Eil +',-9./*19.etr +4+ E '-9-'r+ '-A-'s E"49 SE+

+AE elul+zl-E_trt= Htfl.g ,J6l4l s€{+ 4,"14r g + 9l+qEl.
+61 +e al4zt d-EEsE4 + q ,J*.Eeol q= 49qq. '-(s)E
6I+ l-+= '-(s)E €4+ zl Htg-r+ q"Jg g+,J6tZl strElq+.

lg-HKe)
1. ol+ : + rtH.ol 9z llb "l+= "J*q+.
7l : t+01 Et 31119.
Ll : 7l7l f€olg.
tl: 9E HlTl sALllg.
q : e]|9?
zl : olEE H^lle. +=ol i7lflGofe..
=
2. qfl : zlafl,rJ 'JEl ql. q+ rJ6]zl "J6tB plzl tl 44H
=Bq+.
7l : tll r40l oltrl 9lll?
4 : q7l 9lG0f.
7l | ,J=401 fl4lahr. :ilrl?
Ll : tE qolqaJLl? LHT| E flolLl "J:d€of.

3. 4l?l ! '[=o]-(o)tr q#otg

7l : -ollol^l1l EHII dd6t|s.

t-f : x[f E+6lE ElGole.
7h : +"Joll 9loE CC6l|.
=^l El€01..
Ll : E4= 9lo.E

1601 Chapter 1 -4ColE

I-xl "Jtrl
lE^lq Eql qH q+19 E4E +4ql= E€Eq+.
L qH E+lE dt^l *6lzl *g +4Bqq.
== ^l+q4
. qTl^j /.fT]= {4^l ol^i19.
. aJ73 9g= /.lTlIl "J/.lrf.

'-zl oJ4 €€+4 a++q^J"J 4q ^J+++ 9++q ',-zl "J4 zl 4

= ,u144, 7lE6lr+,
"lH a-*g E€E.14. :_44 H4 4 ?ol zlflolr{ u}
*9 Eul€ 4b F^l Sql^J= qq4"J + 9l+q+.
_Eq, xlls F9lrJ +aE "tH "JHl4{ a+. +zlEqlT-ll
=ol+ == ^lg"l
€Bg rll.= '-zl "J+ e+ ag E€g )^7lE +qq.
+. zJA4eE H€el .{+g += dg, "J+6}= a+ql= H}=,<1 '-zl
^}*ql4l
'J+ E llop Elq4.
ol trlLliill,\l t-.lE
-t--r- rlLl^l "Jzlr 6ftrGl.
=zl
S. EB€ "l"l '-ol, '-olzf zl €Elal} 49 'oJot, "Jol4 zt ot{ ,ot. otrt
zl ErJ4.
o. "J+4?l q4€ tr-qE B€g g uil aolzl+ E€E"J Zld "J+€g
=ql^-l
olz= '5- o + zl €Elalb a+ql= 'oJ+ zl E'14.
7. '-z]' flql '='ol+ 'E', .=. Fol gq r $trJ= 7t4g + gl+q+.
=^l

4 -xl ?itrl
1. tF^lqlEql *d d+lq qlql +B4sE ++614l +4612+ Sd €+l= e
+qE 9xl4 9szl fl+g LlEltsqq.
. +al al/.f= e-egoll 96l.^l ?j=t|..
. -J E^.1= ?j=rf.
=of6frl
2. t€+^tq Eql *C d-Ellql 4ql ++6lal +C6J *I +qq.
. d ul|ls^l ?J0f9.
. ol r43 qaJ^l -9JLlg?

04 cl+l
=e ]tOt
 g1l
iol+ old+g +4'il= a+q= 444 d4l= +4'I= '-(e)E'ol d
l€ol € q7l 9+qq.
?4zlsflaol €+91+qq.
. '-(s)H +ga, -($sH +(*)ga, -g,q+E +(gt)e=d E ,€qE
6qE+.
.I g3 qt d,80l rltr :deE
. €Efl=oll4l ===.
rltr:ileE "JAr.ol
= ===.

4. '-(-9-)a€'ol +€g +Elq= a+

o +q7f 3?leg q
@ EleH= LfEfLH= /.lrJ +^fclq eol 4 g n|l
g zfzJE LIEILH= ,\lAlqtrl '-fl-'zf '-fi,=='ol EEHS rl|
=-st6lq
. E+= E^jaJoll gl==.
. +€ol Lt|al==.
^lel^loll

lHOl
L= E 4I
'l

. LHS- LH7l. Eoll fi.==.

. LlafE 6l-= u==.

04 qfl lros
=u
E -(a)L/= trJoltrl
L q€ ^l€g +czlsE r=J5t7l-E-+ ql4E q€ +ql ,l4qA4 4aJ4.1'JE
ql +qq.
.I ;.h-Jg :d=q= Edl.= tro|trf.
. gEl Eololl-e..
^1= =
. +"Joll= 7.19^l=
=trt=
. rll E83 lEaHoll ^l= "f0l0ll9.
Hl6t|,t.l 7l7l 4= EJololle.

2. +4E tl+g'Jg r]]= E"^loll '-(e)L Sol+ #qEl.

=
. Lf= trf= tl+oll Hl6l| E tro|trf.
. rl= gE= g-d Eololls. ^l:d= =

3. F^t '-= €ol+ 6lr € ql= ?, E*ol, 4+, *, ?y s"4 4g +^l-= +41
#qq.
eE^t 01trl
Eflx Ht*l n
=^l EE V

-= Eoltrl -r- E0lcl- -e Eoltrt Il]tr|9i= tr01tr1. 4=40J Eoltrl

E dE Eoltrt trO|trf 4r3 soltrl-
=

4 -(9= 7i'=El
Eo^t ?Ef sl ?ol r^9, qH
^td"lrt tlEHq 4+ plxl9 zffi;f$ q4tsq
+. E"z+€|^l-= € 4+ +4+ '-(e)t- \ TJEr , €zll.= '-+A7Jq, tr14=
'-(9-)e/.rJqe+qr+.
. Hl7'l ,i ,J0f9.
= !|1+
. ",tol fl= a e=9.
. =^lol
+g0l Hrfi Eu 7j ?JaLltrf.

l64l Chapter 1-"jColE

 +)=tlTl fltrl
3Brll € zlbdol s,= "J, Eg + fl= g, glg + s= g, 4lzlt g #'J
E q #q+.
. q=oll Eol g zlTl g.Gle.
. "Joll 6H7l elTl fi,G19.
=

-€)L/=/(e)= EgplEl
4zlzl ^l-Eg E"Jg zlzla_ 4+4"J Ealql^J ++6lq 'Jg "li Gq4.
.
'+oll HlTf 9= Egfolrf.
. xlTl "Jal= EgtgLlrf.

N '-!. Eootolq' E '-= 4 gq E HIE

€ '_t: 5_o3=ol+ *zlzl4+4 +z +++q+.
= ^ldq =rl=
s '-+- 4 aq olzlg ++4 ++ol THEqq 9l+q+.
=

E -(9= H$"ltrt
1. El4 : +l€il+rJ+. fq4:H4l =lxJ $o|,<J +qg ql #qq-.

.l== 4 Hg:dqg.(zH^l ?Jgttrl.)

'Jtrl7l
. +l 7 trl7 l.'J Gl € :iI r ('J q
01 l
uJ
f. l l gJ ?t l. )
E

.4= ,dL1Ll7l EE^fz7f g Hg:dq9.(n=,rl_Lzf Lf^l ?J?ttrl.)

^ ^

. .5olEa1,r1 gqq= Hg-dGl.(gqqel^l gj?ttrl.)

^la=

04 q+r
=e lr6s
 2. otd+ : r+41 q99-tr +*4+q4. :44:BZl 9xl g*ot^l olflg q
#qq.
. 4rLJoll+-+ 'J HJ:d=rll 'J^l7l ,,|.f€o1 gaolg.
(+-+= e+.)
. +al =
EJol 0lz HJ:d=Ell Ef^lEoll qd= .J:ilqs.
(0171^l *,trt.)
=dl-z

E -(9= + ?ltrl/S,trt
L Fq : Fflzl-E A+qq.
. Lf= +g= -g + ?lGls.
. d8-J= -d+ "J= + ?tGle?
=4=
2.71+4: 9€ r}€r"14 =d"llrJ9 zlbCg "J+qq.
't5= +=61 6lE Zeol|tr + ?tol-e.
.8+= gd6l 6lE "J5-g + 9tole.

a. Ael4.J dr1 : 9l€ + s= gg Ll4tsrltrl.

. El^l^l gra g + s.ole.
-d+oll,\l==
. ^FJe gE77l^l 'Jol,J + flqg.

E -(9= flqoFrls
+{7D
t. 9tr 4+l= B bqol $,€g +El'H= 'JEq+. +dg rJ6t4l s€El q #
q El.

./.lnel+l^l :g
oHTl= + flqoFrle.
. olF?l^l *= +7t ?lcloF^le.

1661 chapter 1 -4ColE

 2.'91qolxle ^J€qE^J Hlq4ee'S.+ *€ +48q4. ol4?'-"11
z| llololxl :a+r{l =
= 6}Z.le_, s,eq4 rer{ *6Jq+ E €4Eq+.
s. tlrl%FE 'Jql ++6lz1 9+= sflolug tgE FoE= ='J
4zl ?++q+.
. q^l d+71?tcloF^|g.
. +^f-g tllTf ?l0l0F^19.

-(9)= fr $cl/-q=rl
q€ gg g g + 9l= a+q= '-(-q)= f "J+
=
z.|$ap. :Bzl ?+e a+
ql= '-(-9-)a € EE+
= ^l+*+.
. += El.d
. ^l=
tfl-=F goi9?
= =e|.9.
= +=
.:zl+ hzff= gof??
=

E -(9)= EJ!E1|

++t-(o)= 4ll + tr-+t-(e)-ulll : * +tlE +q= r. 2.3"J4. H E+E +

q= * ++r+ aotE qr. E+E Eq+.
. LHg e EJEII 0l{6l^19?
^1171
.ofe.ulolE= = 6[|0F -g EJlEll ol'-szl +61119?
. +E EJlrll rrl=6|.41 gel1l9.
==

04 ol+l '=u ltOZ

 x -(9)= qlqzrt, -(o)= EJEIIE Hlil
+4 elEl trEotl
-(o.)= EllLlTrl -(9)= ++sl olf,= "J-Er-
+ -(o)Llj) r
Ell
=
-4. o{rl
44' -T- uLl
_(o.)= eJlr1l -(-9.)= fll + -(o)L-rll+=sl atgg "J-Et 3+ ?trf
w Tlzl "+g qllzl zlxl$g B^Itr}. (+=E ol+)
w zlzl Ee €lq zloleg B^l+.(++E tr-+ €E)
w Tlzl "+g qllzt 4E6lzle_?(x)
.....' '-(-9-)a qlqzf ,t +11.e AEql + + $.+qq.
w alzl E6J €lql =q<l
qE6lzle?(o)

@-(g)== (ra^IEl)
q€ "Jg 6l;<l Filgg +qq44 .lil9l6l= A+ql +q+. EF Flq '-r.*
4 zl9le+, ^dqqzls a;qc;-.
. +01 ?J trc= fr==.(re^Iqe)
.g=+El=3Ell, EF"J alE. q g 0 alE,J,J.ea^Iol9)
= "J?,ttr1
|

E-g==e
+=: '-(9)e ,lqs H+ E+d+ ++g LtF+.Jqr+. 'J6l= ^l+"J 4E=
zlzlt_ g+qq. q"J"l 9JE g+aq+.
7l olH Gl'gzl.s?
Ll ofEl ^l-dol
q4E,J9.(,/)
7l cl._Ezl g0f9?
Ll dg -J o I r=1 "J#6'ff.q 9.
^l
gtrlLl -!t|t?
7l E
^l HlEJ.l/)
Ll 4
7l e|'l?
Ll 7ig Pe
71. : ol+3 E--J=9_.(,/)
^1.7|.
Ll : -r.el|g.? azJ rl+o._+ 7l E^ltl.

1681 Chapter 1 -"iColE

 x +^lE 4g : -(-9-)a zl9ls > -(-9-)=4(9-)

.-(o)=tjl Htrl
Etzlzl r €+lE rlE4 "e dl g ^J4ol 9+9.+4tsqq.
. trlzl7l olELl g&l +Ezl E1.
. z€qlrl 0l raJ= ,J711 Hlg.

N -(9)=zl HEi, -1o;=z| ttqel HII

'-(o)=zt -H_4 el '-(o) =,1 xlrJ qlilEl + gl+.]trt. '-(9-) =zl E_
^JE
= 9{E ,ti;lAl +4.11q +lllol qE+
El cl-zl9 EE= +El'il|+ ol-zl9
= '-(o)=z]. alr| qd+zl ?+e
*qq. E4= +4tsq+.
=

E -(9el1|e?
+q7l l"Jaolg ^J+€ og 2\ol-r. 2il.4"18 EE€_e_E aEqq. €B€r+ A
+€9-e= e 4olzl 9++q4. *ge qB4 al4,4r 6l+ +qE EE= qE}
Ll]= I'J.e., '-(g)qr- qlg' , '-aqg'4 uliElqq. +q.ild t*"1 4= El4^l
419 $olee C++ Y4& +zl *Elrl+.

. ++ Edall9?
^l=
. +71 0l7lLl -dH 6l| Eal|g?
. cd6fLlT/f r.!+ EollLf gaHg..
^Ll7l

04 cl+t .=e I tOq

 TOPIKII

@ -(9at zlctleEt
+4g +Qql= S€{sl '-(e)el'ql olFE i$ zlH '-zl4le{ 4 F^t
gaqq ol€.9 elE+ +ztg +4Bqq. Eo4 +^lql"J € + g+qq.
. f ,^.FJ= E^lzJoll 14= galal ilEh.
. Ll qTloll ++ "Jqal eJLl?
. Lf= EC= Eeal 7lLl7l t!+= trJ'J+Lltrl.
^l'Joll

E-(ga1r.otcl
L +qE e1="J€ 444qe "t4 49lE #zl4b $e t}4"Jqq.
:dLltrl.
. E8ollll CE= +^lalr-
. trl
^^71 doll EEflE ,t.fal-I. -sfLltrf.
. ==
olH HJ-+oll HH'Jq:'J= 7fa1l -o]|9.

z. +"141{^l= efl '-(e)e'€ !.Bq^l '-(e) =44 6tEl .E f*ol 6114.

. rJal_L 6ftrf.
. call. 61tr1.
. gol-Jzla 6ftr|..

@ -(g)altrJ doltrt
ulzll ,r.1,$ olul '-A-', g 4xl *+qq. so4 Frlql Eq^l 'ssE qB B+lE
6lq= 60l+ el € 444=rll, gEg qE gg qtql^t 'JElg +48q4.
. Il= ?al= sl=6fa1trJ trtololl9.
. Efloll Tl,\l ,JIIE t+01 Heltrl er.gLltf.

l70l chapter 1-"icolE

 TOPIK N

d+q= 4l7l gg* tqEq+. 4^l= 4lt"l4 +^t. 9"191 €q :-'J4

+='JJ+E EH4 +41= E^1614+ -z "J9 H s.e6;'JEq4. "l4b
gr glqo} g a^tEqq. q"J* =rlE q+r+ +41
qlqB^lq.

E4l
r. "l€ eoJ"l4 q€€ *.E E^lq {qlq, -=e+ El++ 4Eqrl+ t-g+g +
qBqq. ?ol'= 9"]9 ilol $ol 'ilH'4 ut+l € + gsq, g+
= =,rl
qq^J= Ezlg ilol= glzl"J '"J# "e utTl € + 9l+q+.
. +Tl0l g=3 54:'J01(xlaJ) 0l=tr1?1.
. rlloJg -d+ "J= E6t|.
^FJgol(^l-J/oJ=)

2. tq= ++.tl= g+ €^lq Eql r ^lzlg z]=ol} *g ++tsqq.

'+E'Jzll l= IHE'Jol gclLl g.-fal 7f#,trh.
. olDlU= rHgeol TlEofal Ealoll 7llfltrl.

$*4"J El+ s€-g-E

s.
^t+g + 9l+qq.
. oJ+eol of=trt3 g€.
. Eeol
=E==-d E.

E (ol)Lttrl

"1991 +++ ]B4g zlzlt- gl_e-tr^JE e + S."l -d*61|+ "JE+g 't4B

.l+.
'-d +tlollfnf !!o1-l tlggltl.
. eol ,\ E IlETlLfEf -d rH ?l+Lltrf.

l
I

l72l Chaoter e4ColE

 tEgl
1. '("1)4uF e+ .(ol)4s'
f :d+g
Earl=
ol 4441 9| o = + qE A+q= ^JE a4lg +
"JEel
9g atr + +ol uliElrJ4. :44 ("1)4"1, +^Pl El€ql E"J^qgg
zlzlt_ gleH^J g+ s,"lgB E"49 alf = '(ol)4s y ol44Azl
{oll,
4xl gta dgdlot +g +4'ilu + r4g+ s= a+E fl+qq.
. Hl=+tlolr-fnf ua il/\lrl.(Hl=?t"J ,i0l re|1E ,r,r.z zJIlcl.)
="J0lIltrJ
. Hl=+{l0lelE a A/'l+.(HlL-J+tl3 dEj-g + ?t= 4ol r.J
^ ^fdolLl
r*z zJ,\lcl.)

2. relq +-+, +9,, ++, txJl, qq, qH'43o1 qgp x1'- 1ol){s b
++ flzl"J, '(ol)4ulr=€+ S+rltrl.
. ++elE e71= ol tr^l= d6H +Je.
'++ golalE 87lE qEl4l .=f^19?

B cH-=
*ql s= "Jql g+d"l $,+g +4.ll4+ .'lgnlE +EEg LtEltsqq.
=46lrl+
L *ql e='Jolq tr-+, HlB, 4+ql g+49 +4tsq+.
=11614+
. d€'Jel 7f =dt[|E 6'lrJt+LlE.f.
./.FJ=3 HJ^l4e g0f7f= 7lot.
=+ ^lElrfel
2. \E tt}EEIE +EEg'l+ts.]trt.
. rl.lo-lo rl.lo-lrH=
_[_L _[_e[+
flqs.
. LIE -d=71l^ltrJ =€01
Ll= LIrHE eler= F Ttcl.

3. 'qlE'= *"ll ol"l L_' , €-" e='4 +41 E+€.rle ,xoJzlE -Jqq.

04 ol+l 'EE 173

 TOPIKII

4 (oDg^D
+A+ 49 dqolxl ?*r olq4l
dqflg +qq+ a+q #qq.
==
1. el+^l Hq 4q collxlzl ?+g qltr-g zl.rlali 4*e 9|4, '-("I)Ezl -(
'=zl'e +49{ r!"lzle g-qq-.
. "Jol= 'gol= qqoF c= L|l^|.
. E^ll=^l rhTl =
EF= +l?E n]|Tf ?l= zoF.

z. st 'ql, o|141, (9)s FE a^t Flq gq .trolz'lE Elq+.

. q=ql=^l 71=oll=^l qg= qLJ^lEl.
. Eolal ++oil/l=^l 4EEl= zot.
=a+

tr (oDal=
qEl
^l-E
+q^l 4 "t*.ll E= ag qg + s. o o.=. :-{olu}ut dqE}g r+4
Hqq.
. g.-g.E EolalE -d Tl +^11e.
=E+7f
. dc-dEll Hl=olalE F^|-.

6 (oDal=,_71
qe a,olLl dqqqE ++s,E ^l-E# gzQlg'lqBqq.
+g=01 E= alEolaf=7f E+olaf=7f 6l= aol ?itrf.
^t+ =^10il=

z(e)E+El
I
qtr qFq HlFq= 4r}"Jg +4tsq+.
=gdol+
ofq^le+El tr^l7l eJEl.

1741 chapter 1-4ColE

 (9Eq
SE E^}zl 9H xl4"l 9l*9 +$BqEl.
.:+8o-e,\J 6t|oF :g gol +Aol4!qg?
'0l qF+= Ef l= E-+,tl 4-Jdfll gJ+Lltrf.

El^1
1. 'al+E ElzlE Attzl H4S,ol +E FeE4Eqq.
. +aJ oFlElE g= H$:dtr-f.
. olulrlE 4= =+Ef^1
,Jea1L Etrl^1 trf gofqaJ+.

2. qH rldol ++49] qt} E}E a+ql olg z}=a}q +4Bqtrt.

. Llal=ElIl TtBlalE q7l g= +71 e;lLl?
. LlEf^l _E=trlE 0l{l g ,l.FJoI fi,o|.

3. oltrl €-E+ zJzlql oleH.=q Azl4 q6lq4g LlElB.lEl.

. Eol 9=rll HfaJE[^l EoIEH=+Li.
. E-E HJE rzlz dtrlrl_E E.oll trrZ 4al+.

trF=
EE

1. '"J# e +49 +4q= -Er-a^lEq+. 44^l 'oll4l'E Hq Eq q€ q4-

g +€, Aa*g +$Bqq. +q4(9uJ)"14, _E_a^l e/!: r+E Hl+l +
+ el+q+.
2. olrllE 4+ '"J# e +Cg +Elrll= ,"J r+ ae *eE Hl+l €+ gl+
q4.
. qqLloll4l"J=3 g6l| E4alr. :il=tll.
. ol g= Lloil4lu=8 galr. 49trt.

o4qfl
=e lrzs
 TOPIKII

lll ".'Jotl
€^lel qgEr Flql= qlE^l +4€qlE oJol €-qq. s4 f €^l+gg
Bq+.
. +qLloll= fl
flH+oll s.ols.
. Eal 7f9. ,\lilol 4=H+oll sole..

/Evt
+E qFol ulzlb qltg +Elq= +^14 =^t"Jqq. +4€^tel
1. '-H--tr-'=
Hql €q €{zt +4rll= q$ol "lzl} qlr}g +48q4. 'ql4l'el A9"+
E"Jq^l aolq :_ 4olE Hglzl #qq.
. +71 H-e:r r "JE 6fafa
:e,{Ll?

.:.zll ++Ha 6t= 4.al0t?

2. '!_r. EJ6-lq,
Eq, +.61+ €.r+ H-41 += ^lH-E "Jg 'J+6l4+ 4Tl
=
tlqBlg qltse 6tl- "Jg ul ]!EqEl.

tr+
t€^l+ "J+ a^t Flql €ql S"Jol +"J*g +4.11= =^tEq{.
1. t gol+ E 4ql qE ae flz+ olqa 9-zl *'J"J"l 944 rq+g
q4Bq+. =E
. LHT| ,\FJ6I= ,\haJe LlHolAF.
. r1l7h -g + ?l= q+q= gclggLltl.

2. l+E g("D "tq+ I +€eE Aql s'J'JlE qe 4"1 cl 9+€ +4

Bqq.
. dg ,\f-J=^ Llf+ olLltrf.
. ^fa
.JEHE -d=0ll^lgtrJ ofLlal +E6tEf.
^ld|g ^jlzl4o.e

1761 chapter 1-"iColE

 $'r+ Hl++ 9"lE zlzl=L 4.o + art sJ r+ gf.l4.
s| ol 'ol+ ,
'"lq+ qgE= ql Hlfl
el"J "+ql'zt
tJ r+ 'qlql'= r+z'l g++q+. 'Elql'= +
c+ql 401r. '"J e +a+rl +€+ E+ 4Eq+.
'+' $qJ E"^l+ €+^1, 'ol+ zl 94. '-(9)a g E +CgE irol=EJl olql
B'e 4 l7l otq+ E+E^lEqq.

(oDoF/(ol)oFJE
'("I)oF b 'zl46lq +zal g F6lr, 4z.ty3 ql4l6l= 7l}f 6l= a^lEq
Et. '(ol)oFJE '(ol)oF E ,Ja€Eq+.
=
. Lf[oF, oF"Je] +lalr "J-Er + ?)aLI?
. E,(l{oF, ot"Je} 4=-sl 7f^l EJ+oltr|.
. EE fi,eLl ejol{oF. *oF"Je} + fi.trf.
=ol =

oil41^l
BFsl tF^= +Elrll= +^l-4=^lEqq.
1. "Bt.E ^l4dg +EltsqEl. ^lH| E= SEol ^lz+a"l Eq+.
. Lf= :. 4EE 5goilXl^l
=flrl.
. qDl aoilzl,\l *of^17l 8a+.

2. "3Fol Tl€q= tr-A= +4tsqq.

. -L l.a[|= -+8=ollzlAl 'Jal f,:'JEltrJ -taflo1c1.
. 0l sl8|Eg q^Eollll^l Lrol ^ ?.!rl.

s. rltlg xJ{a}_r rel CA. 54. E{ f,$ ^i+*g +{Bq+.

. Ll0llzl^1 EEol ?ltrlE €=a1c15 E0ltrf.
. +g=oll4l^l 49 A+oll :dl aol+.
=i-e.-d =

04 ol+l '=z lVt

 4. E+ql^J +qql4l q€ B9l= E6l= dzll €5alb qltg +4Bqr+.
. aef= r q^ulzl,\l +"J= =J=iltrf.
. +al= r LJ^lollzl^l ztr= =J:iltrl.

5. qH "B?lzl gqq= + +qE '-r- 7t+Ell'71 q= qltg +qBqq.

. dE|]el fl?]g +el *0|.0F -drl..
^f+loilzl^l
. -Lal 8Ug 0l0l=01111^l rf+ + 9ttrf.
=

lE oiltrPyoiltrl
9€ flst"l q4q4= +lxl= zlaali +^14 a^l"Jq+. 'ql+ b '9l4zF 9
€ql"Jqq.
="J r
L "JA+ i{tq €q 4lsg flxl4_e_tr. zll;.la}{ ,t41+& q4tsqq.
. EolltrlTl TloJ= ftllr +roll 7Jc-1.
=
. a7J J+€iollrlTf -_lGl+clal-.

2. qH "J"14 eH += +41= +4tsqq.

. +fi.rf.
=Ll+ollrtTt ==
. +gollrf7l.8-+== +alr :iItrl.

3. E+q ++ # ++tsqq.
. olE= :dEollrl. "JalE
. ilollrl- olltd= €fltrf. =rl.

4. Elr+ Hl+E qltg +qBq+.

. qlP q^l= Hl+-drf.
^faJ=8 =ollrf7l.
.Ei8e1 g+l= -dolltrl.7l ullalq cl*-lrfr "J-drl.

.l78]cnapterl-'iColE
 5. qH 9"ll4zt cJEl9 +4tsq+.
. +)l €ollrl ETilIl EJrl.
. 0lH E=ollrfTf Afq=z[^l E=trf.
=oll=

x 'ql'E 'qlE+7t'E +E
ol=g EF "J4+ flil= +$L]]= zldol+= ql^-l 47il 4ol+ 'ql+
7Y + 'ql'Btrt q €q+ (+d+, ++61) +lil= E+q "JBqq.

lZ 4^t
1. 'aili '9+zlzl qtr-6lzl *+ "Jol e. "J"lH g *61a. 44^E qltl6l=
zlb$=6l= a^lEqq. olae €€8"14 A++q zl"lxl *'Jqq.
. Lll^f gE dlLl?(+4 E/.f EH^l l g,=)
_:.aJ
. zSETl Lf-dEllll EE ru]l9ll ,t.lZls^|. uut|gtol iltrf.(+44 4,\l tHC /'^g=)

ot4E +elol EIEH4?l +alol € ae Elzlzl qltlolz] *t 9ol E "JqH

9"lE qls6l-r. 9l= E€El} a++q 4
9zl ull$Btl4.
. Ll4^f Ezl 7fslalaf.*
. Ll^^f c= LHI|.*

IE TE
+tr- E+ "J+*trt 4= F9 +El4E -u=.<lEq+. 419E Hql Eq ,6lr+E
mtd $,ol 4 oJ4al€' +g 'trlBdl rq Eg9.= zl49 ztd ztE^J'+=
+ElH.l+. =
1. '419S,"1 EF= "J+6lq -H-H'E *g +Eltsq+.
. r^f^lr rlTl -+g= ,\FJdf^l gJ= ,\f-Jg 9.trl.
. -zt+,^.l#^lr. z^l"l= _=.=E ,\FJS g,rl.

04 ol+l 'EE 179

 !-FE tqlq^l Hqt} + 'qlel4-g-E E H. +EtBq+.
. q+,\|aJ^lr= -d+"J= E 6l= Eoltrf.
. Z=^l-r.= 9= gr l= LJP €oltrl.
=rl
3. 'gg a,olr. zlql'E *ss qEl a+= E+ EgElg +4Bq+.
. ol Ef=ilz qL EollLl zlazlTl g.= Eol g.trt.
.,l.fal 6fLl= trl +61= E^lr +oJ Br= L^Itrf.

lg (9J=J7.|'J
'(g/sJ4€'g 'aa+ a;.|op. Eqq'4= f$ LlEtLll= a$E!4. "149
alt"l+ +tE '-zl €^l€, "il E+qq. 'e|€ l+A€'g '4.€' 9 zla€ I
qq.
. Ll= edq(Z5, 43 ,rt|+ -d trlelE Eh9ttrl..
=zLJ)
. -r.ts Ll= HJ7l7l(1'J, =
Eel,\ts 6fxl flj?ttf.
..1.= ?a(z'J. SzLJ) =ZE)qld cl-JE-f.
=afE

E:dEll^l
Ez$q^J +$ql= E^l +s E.ES +$ql= €^lel A{l6lq
^l+g ^J€qq
r
4E"l +4lE+q gqHg +4ql= 4a^l"Jq+.

x ql4lrl, tlEll^lE Hlf,

olz E+0il11^l ge dEolcl:
. T.E ;.P-rg LIEILH= E,l.le+
=-ct 0l e0|r|oilzl^l ++ LJ^HTl-'-JLlrl.
. Eclrll Efl
tl+oll4l^l Sgthl EEt|= E9t+LlEf.
0lZ E+--JEllll "Jg dEol0ll9..
. #e 4gg L|EILH= E^lel.
ol ,Jol-^l-dEll,'.l ++ LJ^|17[ Lhg.
. +olI1l Efl =:ct
rl+--dEll^l 8"JTl^l *Etl= E?tole.

1801 chapter 1 -4ColE

 +E-g€g d+q +tlq^J EBzl e4zl- 6J 71471otq+, + 7l^l "lt"l .+
E;\l E€g "Jg.q4. "t4b "Jr glqot g +Els€Eqr+. El"J+ +H4 _g
qB4l €-J+€ 49b4 qEg €|6il qqB^l+.
^71

n + +7|?ltrl
1.
^LdE
Tlbcol4 E"401
"Jqq= E+q qEg +4Bqq.
. E6lE 9.= +E ?cle.
. ^l7l =11
fl6i0|E Lf+oll,'.l .gcl^l= +71. ?l^le.

tlq F^lq '-(e)L +71 9l+= g ilzl ?++qq. 4ol= A+= 9=€^l
'i zl *zl '%FH. +Ef g q4B qlEq+.
+71 ?le.q 4€ El^.ile.
=?

U -(9E
=alE
L +eq ,I+g ?ti;lAl -E€61= "J"Jq. dqdl} Ae aaqrJE gl9zl 9*
g E6l4l H,Eolb'JE']tr}.
. +E-d apyo14r.E0lE Ll+ HluEg.
. -d+oll Af?teE =afE
:d+"J= r=l4l 6f7l= e=qg.
E
=afE

Q]+g +r}111= "l"lg+ a-J6].q '(ol)48 E+E, -=/(_g-)LqH E+.E,

-(e/-q)+H g+E, -(-9-)+H g+E, -;(lH g+E E €qls ^l+-Jtltrt.

04ot+I.=u ltat
g -(9L/= 461tr1/dl6ltrl
rfl=6lZl TulE flEt+ qf,$ F6l= "JEq+.
.r. 'J^[= Eddl "J6l= 4-cfLltf.
. oJtrE =
E== ill:=f +E+oll fi.fi+|trf.

4 -olq/q Ll|+
+qE EeE qtr "Jg g''l4^J SC^lAq= Fg +4Bq+.
. LllTl r "J3 dH '"l+Ll.
. I /.FJ. z5= 7JL1 LHa trfEL|J 7l?J= El*?,tclg.

fHon
LE E:I

L + q 'J+ E€€- 6171 9.l6lq, += B==:^l '-tr lrJtrt, -ot/q Blill+

e+ AEl6l4 ,tzlu Elqq.

. t== atEH =J= 0l7l LHr "J aol+.

. =+
+71E=oJIl E+61 L|lr "JrJltt.

Z. €€9ul '-ol/q^J'el €Elolflbrll. '-^J'= lJqEleE4 _u_a5,l1e1

ag €!le..xo1= 4*zl 9l+q4. olull9 1ll+=ErEo^lE^J '^ll=61
+ E F"Jqq.
. 0lal l= u(^l) LH^lls.
^l7lL7H^lel
. fTl= Eq(^l) LH +/.l7l HfaJLltrf.

5 -ovollq qal+
FztE $e-e. qlt olzl9 7l+ol E+qq 9l+qq. dfl4 +Rg zllzloll.<J e
Tlqlq q*tsql^J e= ddEl r=la F4E ,ta#= -E€'Jqq.
= ^lg+,
. g= trl EL|l qalclg.
. 7 l lfg "J3 qq q al^ll-g,.

182 Chapter 1 aIColE

 x -ot/q/q qqq, -r'Jqel Hlf,
'-ollqlq qq+ E+zlel dE= +Elql= HlH, '-r IrJ+ b rldol4
+'Jg =
+4tsq+.
^laE

E-(9L/= Eoll
dEB F4g + ++ql 9€€"1 "lF9dg *61= "J"Jql d€ Fz+g dq6l=
44ol ar E=fl+g +4H.JE}.
1. F+ F^tql €aq= a+

. q7v17lg0l E Eoil rl+71. +.^ioil ttrl.= ?j= 9JTll ElflGle.

.ga,I E+oll r|]=aJ gql lrllE Tt|goll €3:a{tr1..

eltlg +ElLll= +€^l€ 9"1 '-'J'I+ at.Jolq '-tJ €91'E €Qle ,!Ao1'-
4*: d68 F49 dqg qt4= 9"lzt 9l+q+.
. qEE Fr 6f+d= +E Eoil gE +:ilqe.
. Eoll 6|l=44= +?tqg.
=:aldftrl

9ul4oe F4g +4rll= B^l qgql '€ql'= jr= ?* : olag dq B

zl4l7l +€qE +dg 617l qlEEqEl.
^l
. _tr8 Eoll +ol 3rf.
. A 8El Eoll :e!"!olaf
H= trlq HJ7ffltrl..

z-7 | Ll=olEl
+a}9 +q= E+€9 Ert€olAr+,9"lzl "e "JHCS zl4 4"e, dal E
elE +qzl '-zl' E^l€ql .llE€ 9"l"ll gH+g +4tsqq.
. Tld-d Aol g-d ?ioJ^l olLJ^l= E?:dl7 | Ll=oJLltl.
. 7fE^llEg +83 Ll=oJLlrf.
^fE6f7l

04 cl+l It aS
=e
 TOPIK II

tEgl
i,,, '-7l,4Eol4 e+ ae. Fge t-(9)e'48"14,$'z!z\E E144.
, €36fr Tl7l7l E +=oltrl.
=6fa=
2. ''teJg q e+ ag "Ja qlB^tLt E5i ql€^t.il €q^l *7lE ElLltrl.
44l4sE e-= '^^-E *+6lq'E 9"lE qqBq+. :

: " . olH g3 Lf ul=o-e de= *.r-f.

. Bg E Ll=oE 7l+= 9l6f| 0t|# 7J 'JLI.

E _e)L/= rJ}tl
dq Szlg alb zlElql +41 +q 5.+g *trt= Fg +4Bq+. gE]]E +4e
d€ E"zlg 4= ql 919+qq.
. qTVtlTl A eql t!+= "Jt-fHL 7pFaolg.
. +trl0ll 7J ?Jo1lolEoll q= HgE ittrl..

t'Eoll
,-= aql'= olEE 9"lE +Elq= F^t"J + + 9le+ '-+ 7)ql'= a
g + 9l= F4 F^lH trl + + 9l+Lltrl'
=q^J

g-p)L/=/(g= 3?0ll
tl^tq €q^l rq+ aaol+ q= +EtBqq.
. E:d gol 9t= e+ql= Hl8g= +ELltrl.
.,t.f-r.7f "J8=d= e+fl 1198 dal= 6f^119.

1841 Orapter 1-'jColE

 x -(9)= 7"19(91), -(9)= ull(oll)E Hlf,
g+qq.
1. '-(g-)= trll(ql)'=
^lzlg +4lzleE +4!l= At-J"l
LHT| -d+oil E q d+71 Hl|t= 6H+9trf.

2. '-(_9-)t A+(ql)'= tl+"Jg +{H'l+.

0f= ,J+ q:Ez|l -g^l g46t| E^|tr|.

@-zloil=/7lE=
++i;lA+ 5e oJolzl$ zlz\t_ 7.l4lE ^d4g'Jg ql
^l+Elqr+.
. -HTloll= 0l Fol rllg € qEal= 4 ?Jole_.
. ^ll7l
LHTI olH +"Joll g6l= _H.el zq.
=71?E

fl-t/Etr;.=,-Il
$.^lq Eq^J €4 zlzl ^ld 6q qL 49 dq6lrlu|:. qL ag dqdlE
rJ*ol S+g +4ql= s€Eq+.
. ztrzSol EII PjoulTTt ++= -dtf=^l 6H0t -g 7i,Jol?.
. el7J= L|HHtf-=.^l r|]=J= 6H0FIlg.
=98 =tr|-=Il

lE -(9aF -(g)at
1. + Zl "ltr-E €9= 6lL+-7 +++ E.i E+6ll^J e$$.+48 "il +qEl.
Irl4^J +€€q= EllEtrl= F€. Ll44E "J"Jol g + gl+q+.

.^f+€oll LfeE 0lZ dlaF 6faF ? gl+LlEl.

. EalldlaF €71^l6laF +oll ^lZ Ef= = s.olg.
= ^t|7l
=01 =01

04 cl+l.eu ltas
 TOPIKII

'-(-9-)+ -(9-)+ +^tE +qd '++++ €:ol 9l=ull olag +61 ^lFs
=
E"Jg +4tsqq.
=
+al= ++ ,8401 'J=^l +eF+aF ^47|-HJ= ultrl=s.

@ -z ot /(9 L lall rJaH "J€ o lr I

I

'EJ{olxl'e. tolJ., +461= "Jg €a4q '-9(91/9)eq e*+9 Hr+

4Bqq. EF '-(-9-)q'. '-7lql'. '-7J74', Fl"il 4"Jqq.
.34= LJol trJEolrl E^f= Hs:dolg.
=Hl-doLl
. E^l= =J7l0ll "J€01^l Eoll
= =oleJ=Z.

fr-zll11 ElEoltrl
1. '-71' *q +?I E" 4ol4
^ld €lol zlg^Hz+ B€+g +48.1tr1. Trl+^J
gHl4"J +4olLl dEoll 4"14 4fl"14 +Bql *+q+.
. +trlLloll Eol 9l9E /'^71 EfaJoltrl.
. =J3 ?J9-+ E7l trlaloltrf.

'-41 ul€o]tr} el ag *se AEq+. '-41 ut€olEl

2. '-zJ u|floltrl
=
tl^lq F4€ "l"l '-41'= ,{^J Hq e_= 'utd"l4 +46}= Ase ='-
zl u|flo1q el ql4$ + fl+qq. =

E-(9L/= Holtrl
xt€zl?1 H4"l+ eql 9ol :z$z{l E:g+$tsq+.
. "JE qa1 H #3 Holtrl.
. =3 =-9.E =71
4t3 a+71 0t|E Holtrl.

l86l Chapter 1 -4ColE

E-UE OI8
I tF^tql a"Joll '-4.o1 zlz$ .tlgolEE'E F
. -d+Gl 0lAr. -Lr+ Tl+ /.f+l7l= E^1|fl+.
=+= ^14r.-d 0lAr. trl 7ltrf= trJ'J:dqg.
. EalLlTlE "J-ez; fl+z
=d= =-d
2. t€+^lql al"l"ll '-. 4,ol zl{ .t14ol+H'E *
. raol EtroJ OlCl tl+^l ?J= + fi,tf.
=+el =:e6lzl
. _L5 8E7fal -g^lalE ?exft1 ol'J 0laf3 +,5fl01 =J + g,rl.

fl-clzl=
q€ €+lLl tt4zl trl= €9lq tlqlE €r{ Hl€g q{.ll= -tr€"Jqq. 9"1
'-4zY e+ a^I 'E'7l elzl 4"J s€Eq+.
r. "1tr 4+l+ tr4zl += €+l+ tr-4s dzl Ht€g +Eltsq+.
.0l-01= ,\|EJolafE EE gcl'Jtr|..
^frlTfE
. ofol=3 flaH ?+7fE += Holtrl.

9H 9ol dF olflzl zlzl 9+=+= f$ +4rll= 'of4zlE eE 9ol4/

Ee4,+ Ae ++ s€ol 9l+q+.
Gl==$ Ill4l= €"J gtfTfE E=r^11q9.

tr+EEl.=E6ltrl
tf^lql €ql q€ €91= gCfl ^llqlE 6l;<l ?++g +4ql= s€"J.14. "l"l
'-Y r+ eJ=E^l '-ff "l +41 4"J '-= F 4. F^l t:J+ E g+€ 'otb'r+ E
'F'ol +41 4"J E€gqq.
=€^l

04 ol+l Eg 187
 q€ q+l= 6l= FE 6}l. 6lzl ?+= FE 6lq gd6l 6lzl *4+ {4e 6l
zl e++g ++tsqq-.
. Et=
^l=
E trl= 5 dl-:z 94 LleJclg.
". El^f oJol Hl-uul^1 E$g= 6l= E Ef= E 5 d3= +rl.
=
2. +Aq ^}+g "Jg trl= F^lq '-e F "J F €, ol4el ^}+g'Jg ql= F
'-gF"JFg+q+.
^tql
. g== E E "J 5 r'J rlt_l'zJtt.
. ol7l7l f,t= E E "J E dltfTl ^== trr.=fl,t|..

E -e)=TtlEJal g4
ql+ elE=
Eo4ql=oltrl
qd6l dqflq aC6lzl *6ll. o}€olb a+q +q
+q4
Eo4 E"^tel"J qgflq+.
+. Hql tJr+ ql^lq q= E^l7l *olzlE+qq. fE
. Ll-dEll ol Hl"J= oHTl-lDl "J7tl E?+ 601tr|-.
. rl= +7loll= :+r.0ll tttl84 =0loll9..
=rt

E -1g)= Z(6l|^1)
Cq F4r+ +e +4ol +41 ol+qdg'tElBqr+.
.:d+"JE gJA!+.
Z tl4E "J-J Z
Ht|E
. +lnl 8EJE -* 4 E '2l 6t|,\1^lEoll
gtltllE
^[aJ+LlEf.
=E

fr-t lE 6E -7lE:d/6ttrf
Ce€r+ +B€q 5rztol+ ^J4zt E} 7t^1tr "Jqtsg +qBqq.
. +"J0ll= rq= 9l7lE dl.r- '*trt= IlTlE -dtl'
. EC= ETIE 6lr. ?-! 4a fr7lE 6H-?-.

1881 Ctrapter 1 -"iColE

m-"/=/71=7lLE
g-E Elr.e-e-EAl H+= +€61= Fg LtEltsqq.
^l-84 FIE ^l-E+
t. €rl4 E^l-= ga6l= 4* : +34 9"lE +F+.11= +alql^l 'N=/e4'J
NE E €^l-g-E 4q. +q €^lq '-E + '-4^Y €q^J +qq.
=
. dHelqgSTl'J 7l EJqg..
. ^l= ^Jl+EollE
Ll= EE37J'5 *ES. =
?J Ll3trf.

€q= +46l= 4* : *zlzl zl4g],'J 4s" 4b BEI sqej r Hl

+^l-+E^J
49 €4zt gq\t 4+ql E.e+= xlJrJals.<J F4-= ztaxlY -E€Eqr+.
. -J7l=71L8 E^laf,\l HE"Iclg.
. =ol
LHgol 8+=zLJ '+trFEJ Itclg.
^l-d?.!rllE

f HOll

H^le+ aE.+ '-+48'g '-= r.^16lr.'e+ qlilg + gl+q4. :244 F

^le+
AEI* '-zlL4€'g '-= I^l6l-L'4 ul#xl F-Jrl+.

75-=/= r,\16lz
tB^lql Eql * E^le+ Fl E^l-= ulra|{ g.9 4g "Jg aE go1, $zlg.a}zl
+ qqe 4gg +4.I= E€Eqr+. =^l '=- 4 +^l 'r^l6ln 7l +41 4.J
E€Eqq.
r. *9 4e "Je aE s,g "J+ g7l-b6l4q qe+q raBq q +le Fl E
+E A+4E dzl ?*trlz+ +e a_1o]'+E Et++= 9"lE 44tsq4.
. HJoll,\l 953 z^l6f-r. E:deE
=illLl
. EJgrrlTH= rlf6|-r. alEE E F ;=qe.=r^1!+Llrf.

b l,<1ap'z| :'ro1= tr-+g g+zleE +44Eqq. l4otr qgg e

*€ +elEq+.
:dALl+.(x)
'HJoll^l g5g I^f6lI dr.oll^l gEE -Fiol
. -d4 e.45 r,\f6lr. 94E E-dl|rf.(x)
^l= ==

.189
04 cl+l EE
 B. i lr1a17 '=71€' ol+ "Jg aE $,tr'E Ht+q € + 9l+q+. q
= =
"J '= "Jg 4E $,7= +44"J tr-+ql^'lLl +44"J t+q^J 4 Azl"J
b r.^16]-7 e+ '=rl€'g +44"J tlqlql^J"J €qq.
. EJBTIIT|.|= L/.fofl zlEolalE g #HeE
. EJA|rrlT|l=7lLJ efEolalE E ;=olE =rdqg.(o)
. EJAfrrlTH= "J-g aE frz alEolalE =?,JlGl9..(O)
E :=0lE
. HJoll,t.l 953 I/.l.6fL Eroll,\lE "J=01trf.(x) =4,!c19.(o)
. HJoll,\l "J=3zLJ d-il.oll,\lE oJ=o1tr|..(x)
. HJoll,\l "JEg "J-=t aE flr dI.ql,\lE oJ50ltrf.(o)

4
*zlzl gzlE zlz)a- "l+"1 r=qdlE € olr} q€rll g + S+g +4'll4'+,
rfl+ BFol Ezl-e"*$ +{Bq+.
. +rJi4ol -pJol.,\l s=a|lot s= +7f g.=9.
. 0l^ll LfE rl Ef=al|oF EIl6l Er.= +71. fi,r|..

tr -oll Hl6H/Hl6H^l/HFq
tB^lql €ql Hlrg qltr-g +4rll= E€Eqq.
1. $!9 E^l7t HlrE 4^Jol Elq H 4s" 4 zJ? Aalzl 9l+g +E].L3 trll +q+.
.6af= +aloll Hldf Eq= E-dtrf.
.I ,lFJ3 ol= aoll Hl6H^l +EE E +6H.

2.
=
Etrl ilol 'ql El6lH' oE € + 9l+rl+. '-ql Elg +
sol '-ql s+,
Hle- a s.+ , '-ql Hle. Ell s.trl , '-ql HJ€. Et otq+ , '-ql ul€- 4 otrJ
+ E +dg-E llolH q= ar+ Elrg + sg "J+ 5H+ zlzlzl gl€-g E
"lqlq +.

190 chapter 1 -"iCol=

 -7lHtrt=
*e\ .{++ qel .{+g Elil*g q Hsl q+qe 4= aol q *q= 9"\E
qqBqq.
. EC6l 3+6lE
:d+cl= g -g + 9l= Zqle.
^J+=7|-H.trf=
.'J== ^l=^lal
6l7lEtrf= f,-+= 7E 7,i-ol 21.'Jol.
==

fi-zl g+oltrl
7t? a'.*4eE q€ gg g*6lz+, Hl*zlal;<l ?+r{l g+ i$ +4tsr1+.
=
.9=3 g4-dc1 zJE gGlBlalTl g+gLlEl.
. ?_t3= =g
oJ l E t^lE EF stlt I g+trf.

E -oyqlq El|q
Eo4g Hl+4-9-E Zl++q Auzl xl+iltrl= + +4Bq+.
. ell l=l1l nj=ol r|lLl?
.]. rJ6l 'JLltl.
. qE^l-Jg5?J ^4=
=q
glq Eol oltrl_g..
'^ItrlLl

tr-=6El
t5^lql €ql q€ tL+$ Hl+g +Elq= s.d"Jq+. '-.a= 6l+ I €9E *
€EqEt.
. aEl= 7lg r=oll 7l= :rlole..
. €gol= qlEoil rf+ eE :iltrl.
=al

04 ol+{
=u ltlr
 tE"J]
' i-* 6t+ '--tr= 6t+ el uftzlzlE Hl+g + S= tl+ql^l='lAo-J'f
fl+qq. =
. Eltl7l 6ltrl7f €?tol9.(x)
==
. +Eol7f +.tl.= oltrlLl
:iltrf.(x)
=g6E 'l+ =g=

@ -oYotlq +trt/Etrl
Eo
4ol €tl rJ4zl rqe e_4 -H-=Eg +4BqEl.
. rl=
trl=ohLlzl rt-J LHslal +l'll-9..
. ol== r1
++7J3 =-I.
. =o.l7t^1l9.
--lq
^laJqlqTl =?tqg.

x '-q ++ '-q +q ql El+q

^}ql E= z.lzlol q sql 4+Eg Lt4
Bqq. =

E -9€) t-/E/P)= Hlol|(=J 6Elal)

dq6l= q+l= 6l= 4B+= +4d+ e+l= 6l= a"l q 4+g LlEl'll='J
Eqq. q+^l + 44 + 6lq= dq+g +4LilEe "Jol 449 -49 6rl
trt. +^t '^tetq'€ ,1^l +q6t= 4flzt q .++€ zlaalzlE 6ta, 'otql'=
al.<-l z1g.:1q +q q+l= q-Jg 444zlE- Elqq.
. +fl"J 9l= Hholl= ^falal H+ee Lh7f9.
"h+
. Ce==g+alE^l C+== -g Hfollot ?J 6t= A0l 'JEh.
. +HJ 4:d7l4oe aJ-J= -g Hloll= Eh= TlelE olE,\ltrf.
^lalal

l92l Chapter 1 -"iColE

M-t/iilrl
€xI ,rlde "JE6lq reqa -E ?14€ ^ldol zl4gl * "lr.lAr+ E{qa
+ 9lg cE"Jg +4Hqq.
. ?e:171 q='^l^l gEfLl q=+r el= Ll|lJlg?
. 0l^ll "Jzf'"lll F* ?tGlg?
^Eol

@-z l7t +d4l

[rE"^]ql Eql 9H "Jol e-+;<]trtz] HIE +€. gol "Jqtsg r+drdlq +El'll=
g€"J.J4. 9"1 ',-zl' 4 'zY rqJ- €+^l '+d+ E g+€ '#AAl'zl
=tl
El4 4q1 E€Eq4.
. Eoll Eole.zPl +tr)1| "J+El qg+.
. "Jol ELIT | +d4l rfTl uJos qel+.
=q7f

tEel
r. "l4ql^JilH '-zlzl +d4l'9Hq= €+^14 g +
s.r+ $.xl"J, €g
'-olt"t/€ zl4 zl €.q F^lzl 4H + + 9l+qq.
^lql
. |_Jul7l olETlTl
+dzl +fltrl.(x)
.'Jrt|7l q+?l^l7l +dzl +?jtrl.(o)
. 7lE0l +=:ilrf.(x)
. 7lEol =7171+dzl
l7l +tr711 +g6t|*tf.(o)
=0frl7
2. '-7171Elq4l' E '.7lzl FdZl'el Hl++ 9"1.8
^l^+ErlEl.
. EC EL\TlTl Hfuul; trlAl elolTf /.l4r.Elfltl.
^l/.f7f
. Ll+ trl=6t|,'.1 doll e.z17f Hllq4l EEt|oll +fltrf.

04 q+t .EE tg3

 TOPIKII

@-ztoil g^l(^l)
1. S ++el 4+lE 6tzl dq fl +tq qflC Exl El9 +4BqEt.
. slgl= /.l4t6f7loll g^l qalE4l e^lE "J+= cajulcf.
. Etl+floll Tl-+6f7loll g^l =J9-d rl^l= golah.

2. '-zl d{l'el 9"lb +^t6txlr:J '-zl d?ll'= "Jtl4"J ql+ql^l zffi ;ro13
HIH '-zlql s^l(^lI qE+ €€, Er. €i +^14"J zt4ql^l +e AEqq.
=

Fl E6Fol "J"ltsLl+. '-(9)u/|,rJfE' E 7t4

.:dg EC6l 8+6|.=EllE E+6lr E Htg.

. /.FJol 9,lfl=EllE ^l:d=
-d0fiqg.
. =016l= LJ?t=EllE
=76f2
0l+4E :ilclg.
E?6lr.
^lzol =

N PF 'En='el EElTt glqEJ +Iel €Eoll ttolTt gl+Llq.

l94l Chapter 1 -"iColE

m+:gtol ilqE/9,ltrlalE
Flel q+l= +l6lq *ql s= ^J*ol q46lz+ +E,lqoF g ++zJfl tr-+"Jg
Ll4.Jq+.
. #q += -dol ?tol_= rollzll += Eelrl %Jx,!rl.
. ol=HlolE= 6l= --JOl ?tGlE 4l+dlrjltl.
=+=

@- t / Etrl+J(o l) el+ i trl alE

|

*9 Lll+4 FIE 48ol tr-+S+g L+{Hqq. 'ol+E -ulb4r 6lq+E ,

'ot+zl -r-lb4a 4E'e+ ag EtllEq{.

. ol+al sl=olS.tl+ ^ltJalE Gl=ollXl HJ"J= -g + ?tqs?
.of+al rl+af+ 0lH"J3 trEH + g.cls.
^lqalE =q =

@ -zl d8oltrl
g+ +c4?1 EulE ztel €.4 €:^lopuJ aEl4^J 4olq, '9 zl€Ell qHolLt
ol+g + rElq{, qlel $,ol 4:7;16l"l+ ++g +Qql= "J"Jq+.
=
. "Jg E+:a{trf7l= "JU=Jdl7l dggLltf.
. q7l,'.l rl+7f= gcl +71 dAfoltl.

@ -zl"J 6ltrl
s4 * zlzl BF"J$ 614'1 9tr t4zl ul4fl€ +$tll= E€Eq+.
L tF^lq Eql q= BrE"g 6lzl elr- s4 '* zlzl 4F"JS +g +4Bqq.
. +tl7l q^l= Ea_ E7l?J dllg.
.6al= ts7|'J 6fr 8+= df^l gj=tl.
.lrr|l 0l+ "JE -g + fi.cl^l F7l'J :dols
^l=

04 ol+l
=u ltls
 2. [€so
^tq Eq] q= 'Jol+ t]q]el €oJ-g H]zl ?+r. E= faqi *41$.ol g
H rJ4zt xl+€g +4Hq+.
:ilol_g._
. -LLJ +dI.
EalTlu
.,\fBol s.gr-lzl E0l 4E6l7ltrJ -dqtrl.

@ -rtul
'--trzl 6lq'E 6p.x| 6l= EE= €€61= ag-E dqEg Ezlg
='Js^J,a7{&
4qa 6Fxl"J FEE"I 4E6lE z4"l €+= FEqq. d4trE t.^l
b E"4 5.^le. 4l+Eul4.
#-L, -srhul El=01 LJ0l9.
=+61^lLl =0lrl

El -(9=al $trVaEt/ncy
$zlzl:a E+l= rlEzl o-e "il g- rJ4ol 9+g +4tsq+.
. qalTf ofELl "J4 +E7tl #trl.
.9=e 'J= -g7il 6ftr1.
. zdqltrl ol raJ= ADl Hls.

N -(o)=zl Hq, -(9)=zt qqE Hlf,

'-(e) =zl Et:j e+ '-(e.)azf a[Q b
^J.E
qlile] + il+q+. '-(e)=ll
l-+ olxl9 9E= +4rll4+ 9{E ,J6t4l +e1.llq +lql"l q
s].219
=
E+ +qq. '-(o) =ll r;lrJ +ddlzl e+e 9xl$ +ElBq{.
=

196l chapter l qlColE

)
E-(9atzEcl
++ 5t^lql Eq^J rEl+ B+l=
q+. '-(e)qz 6ltrl- E+L zldl v4& += s€Eqq.
.0l0F7l= If+ #7la1z =Ll7l trJ t="-Hg.
. E+7f +101= gair
=+.
. 7H)l elTl Ll,(l +?]= Eelz
=rl.
1. +lE +q +ql '-tr'E- ^gqF4^J ,-(s)q g €qlEE € + g= 'JE=
'#zl4 Etrl, g4 zl ,At '-(e)qr=+ E €qlE"J € + gb tse
=+ =+
2. +q F^Iq '-(e)q TlEq^J 6l+E +ElF^lE +qTl aol 9l+q+.
=+
"Ja1=+
=21=tr|-,

E-(9= $eE
5+5^IE qzlq E"lE. 4zlzl dBEE 'il+4 ae 9E+ 9d&9 zlzlt_ I
€Eq q+l= +g F+'14. ar1 '-(-9-)E e+ ?ol irEqq.
. E+-Lf 0lF= EE SeE 0l0F7l= dftrl=_?..
. E= -Lr iH g-9_+ €Zl6gLlrl.
^l=

@ -(9e ?.!6t|/?]6tl^l/?.!.|tH lad

dB E^l-= €"Jge ql^J +B€q q€ 44zl +*+g FElq+. t^lzl"J E
^J
F +q49lrJ B"l +q4.
. "J :sllltle oJaH,\J lll-301 /.lAr.EJ aol+.
. +Etl +71
^lteE ?l6t|^l ^llAte "J4 FIE:d+Llrl.

04 ol+l
=e ltlZ
 TOPIK II

tr -(9e "Jtrlgol
$}E H^t7l 9"J"1 9"1 +€€9 Aalzt ++$- LtElHqEl.

-.JEJel g3 aTle-+ "Jolgof rf8 +?l0l Elfltrt.

. =6f^l gEHzl= H6l.= 7l^19^l Elgtf.
=J3g.go-e "Jtrlgof =

N -(9)e oJq^1, -(9)e EJtrlgotE Elfl

-= Ht[}oll,
,-(e)E vAol
1. "J6ll^J'b 9"J"1 d4 €^lq 4dzlee +dqq 9lb
a, '-= El+ql'= €l^lql Eq^l E-tr- f ti^l EtH-ql, = $ajgE el
v4"Jqq.
2. '-(g-)E 'J"]"J"F b 'dq €^lE+El q€ €-JeE E # Lt4']]q
441+9 ',-4. €Eg e4ol E'qq. q-+^l '-(e)E oJ"l"J"l'= +q
4l+ +44?]'Jq EJ:ol a"J.l4.

@ -(9)L/(g)= el
?4zl4+lE gqlol Eg +4Bqq. +44"J 9ulE +4q1= +tlql +E 4
E.JtrT.

.6El= Tllo_= =Joll €ol xrl.

. Eol qqdlrl =l0ll 4+ e 7|el= "J$ALIq.
=-d =^l:a

ZZ €,_/=
=otl Atlzl rJ*"14 g"Jg +48 #q+.
L qH +44 "J ^B7lA1€
u]|

. goll,\l rrl=3 Eoll 0l0F7l=

. ofolTf g^t| += Eoll -dtrtE rl^l = =g.tf.
=9-d
=:?Iol9.

2. '-el= Fql'= +E q€ +44q] Ar}= 446}b g?1r+ q}41 4= s€"J

qq. Trt+^J +44"J 445 g"J4 El4l 4H q4+ E€ol q=
=461=
Ell, olfl a+q= '-(e) wlY q+ql'
+qq. aloF
=
3. 4rlE tr-+g'Jg q= F^lql '-+lY Fql'= +qq.
4. '-el= €lql'e+ +^l+ s€g.g '-(9)L= Ht*ql' , '-(o)u/b *q/gE
=
€ + el+qq.
l98l cn"p,"r 1 -4colE
E -(9)L Llolrl
q+ d+ CEql *9 48ol g?lol4
"l*zt qq q4 + s,ol rlg ,il++ a
? Aalzl +4Htrt= 9"lE +4tsqq. 'HF -ot/q/q^J -(e)= fHl.| H
+ e+ El++ 9"19.14.
. Eol =J6l= 44oll +q^l ,J= ,4ole..
=aJ
.OF.J"+= 4l +,\J8 Lltrl^l ZIJ"J= 6lr "J$qg.

E -oyq /q^l r.aJrl

'dEJ€ ql+ql +B€+ ,J+ 4+71 ^ERtr+a +€g f $,zl"J g *g +4ts
q4.
.^FJol -Fjof^l ralxl rl6|E3 flllLl EJrf.
.30E0lLl 7l+a1,\J raJ^l r= qtz azl Ll glfitrl.

tEgl
'olr+ tl^l"ll Eq^J € qql= ,("1)4rJ :flxl'= #qq.
. Ll= -ilEal^l ral^l -d+"J= flzl HH?=+LI.
. +E-Lf HH+7f Etrfal^l ralrl ,\FJol _Fjtrf.
=E6l= =8011

m-(9=+ "J+ 6El

F^lE Eo 4ol "l+qzl+7| "J ol+q 44z16l= a4lql g+g +Ell.ll= 'JELI
trt. FztE tr-ql= ++tsq+.

. L|TH nl|Eoll g
. Rol qFZ 4=+
^f7l -E.g+ "J+ ztrf.
"J+ -g €Ee Hl= "f?,trl.

04 cl+l EE ll99
fl-zl qtol fltrt
t€+^lql Eql ul$ rll $.ol 4tal4+'ll+ d+g zj=a|{ +F+ql= s€9,
4. "l"l '-zl' 4 fll '4 , 4;.l 'ol' , €*rl 'S,4' 7l *41ir?I sdEq+.
. r86lq ,\f= 'g= HLI 0|J^1871 4r.01 S.tf.
. d LJUoll Tl+= "JLlLl 7laa7 | 4r.01 fi.111-9..
. qlEel 9-lq HE. +^1617l E0l S.+Lltf.
== ^l=

@-z l(7D ol= fltrl E1l

1. F^lE ^J4zl cJ "l,!l'Jg + S.g {EE {+el, g qQtsqq.

. €301= EE6l717l. 0l= tll S.= ,\FJololle.
. EtrJolzl,'.l I.EOl 0l= tll H.tl.
=Eldf717f

2. '-717v olE rll s+ +^l€ 'ol= rJl flol'E Ht+q € + 9l+qq.

=
/.fzJ,\aJ7l7l 0l= rll g.rf - olE rll s.ol
^IaJ^aJq

ts -(9)= rlSolEl
d$€ol zl{zli "l+ trll+q 4ej +* d-+ql ol= €S"Jg +4tsq+.
. =J=J6H,t.l +01 EC
. +al= "*iol qq^l ^leol+.
HHT| ElE
^leol+.

-"idolE
I

2O0l chapter 1
M+71.=Ell
L q€ q+l+ ^lag E4&
ull4"l4 rJ*"] zl4ES +4Bq+.
. EE ,'.FJ=01 TfErll EIdL|J ll4tElfltrf.
^lZE=
. HlTl 9= 7l8rll ?371= zl+Elgtrl.. ==^l0l

'-b zl€ull' Hql 'oll, ql^J, E, ql^lE €iol Bq zj=a]-=- H. +EtB

=rl
+ 9+q+.
-FJg TfErJloll
^FJol ^l4H= =g^l0l ^l4fElfltrl..

E -(9L iKE)
'olol 9lE tr-ql fqE H6lzl gFa'el F€ ++Lll='JEq+. dB €l4g 6l=
t4q^J +q €.4"l "lFqdg +4tsq4.
. zf^l= +oll a iH trr.01
. E= gq =fltrf.
lttrlLl 7J7l7l.
=3 ^|]e =flqg.

N -(o)L ill.=., -= ElltrE Hlfl

_1o) r_ il|E -= E]|E
olE E4Fsl €^lLl rl+el Ar-Et|7l E6l^l '54F01
:'r oloo I Tlg6l= EgTl eol'el LlEl-'J
I AE= -l
LtrLLH
Ll E ==
@ r.7H= +?.! "JLH'J= Eltl-. @ LITTI a7H= +01= rHe Ll6lE +q Hl.
^l|

@ _(9L/= trt=Jotl
dfl+ol +q+E ^taol "Jq+= .JH"l4 tr-+g +Et.ilq de+E F^lql=
xllqlol s+q+.

. E.+= gdf= rf=Joll L1U EEol,t.l ElX,!Ll?

. LHT| Lf F "J= rl'Joll ++= "Jrjlcl?
^ftlE

04 olFl lZOr
=e
El -(9alq -Htrl
qH Flt]zl, +q 4 4€Zl g 4"JxlE ulF
^ldg "lFg El- +qg 4szl
q d++g l+44= "Jgq+.
fl+=o1 e=P q7l^l 7fa1+ Hle.
^lr

M -(g)= 7ll {Iap1

z\]ztlzlE "Jg g tril *ee qtr-q= 44zt 9l+qq. E$r ?l +e Aalzl &
uJF B€dl! "Jg gsE s= a+q 6q+. '+ e+ ,+=
"ll r*"1 +q+.
# E "Jql E+ €+ 9l+q+. +,'+ E gzJe ACC+ 9lb gq=+ + ^l s
+q+.
'B+= ft "-H^J E E Zl HSdHs.(=JE.-l E Zqlg.)
. El0l= ul= rHg ^l:d= ^lC= =
8Jd119.(=JEal
Zl rl?+-=r zqlg.)
. GIIJI trt= ^l?f6lLlul9=E
9= ^14-g
*.c ';lzt nl=-=r zl HJ6H9.(=JEa| q=-Er. zqlg.)
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?_t g Zql9.)
?J Zl HJdHg.(.J8.-l

m -(9L/= tsolEl/€ iltrl

'tr14 EH €1 "l4ol4+ 4+rJE+ E Fg +ElBqq.
. ol Eoll,'.l d Ll= t €ol^19.
. -Lr+Gl B+= +l^l ?Jr -d -EE
'J r= rl| +€-d €gLlrf.

04 ol+l 'EE 1203

 TOPIKII

@ -U ol|e.
1rt€4-_e--tr €4 zlxl= r.q6lr. 9lzl"J r +ql^l d46l+ E^t + zlxl"ll 4dl
qrlel4 # +4Bq+. El+^J olag zld s€gs 4Eq+.
^J"J'JqlE =
:i{=EJl
4d Entxl"J dl|E =J+r oldi rllH gg6l|s.

@ -(9= rElEolEl
dqEE ql+ 'aA' +olq += Ae qlxll€4E ag +4Bqq. '-(e)= $'
r+ uliElqEl.
. +"J01= 6fLl -dC-g ttl=gLlE[.
=71trJ r^l
. "J LJ3 ,tJlAlolLl, 4d-g rEl=olollg..

2041 cnapter 1 -"lColE

 tt+el ^|6tE
-d+oll^J 8:d.-lo. ?t= rHE . *+. ?rd .rJ+gLlrf.
e ^lo-lE=
rJBli, EslrH, agdlEl,
^lqe ^iE.+t.
Ela ElDl'J Erl fl=ElGl glcl,,.l E|]+ rJal-cr,_lrl.^16.1tr
=-Bt,
^JE ^r-ttre
1Ed+Er 9E.!77r^r rdEe zlzlel r+^4= .r^ra_ flGr^J *7rE fl+Ll =.-l
rl. of|_lal elzJ^lEpj 9€+$ pjf,, g6, E=J,
^JE#"J ^JE +fl77lrl E=Elol ?t+Llrl.
-d+ol HlE4 riaJ-d EBg-e +gFEr ;'lHll= rjlgo-fr.
^lo-lEg ?,[=rjl, +A Esl^l€
zr arofl?]zr hgrrr= +r-Lr Eer^r€ 5or ?rGLrtrr. lar_r
Elroil^J d^lEl,_l gqr
el, 8E 5 rtgFzr Etrl g,tfTl galTlE ^r6,rtr
eLl+.
lJg4lEE
=trllor^r(http://www.seourmetro.co.kr)oil^jts Ear r.!E= rJrg6.rr. fl+Ll
+. rl.-ltr= Elr il+9 Ed + EAE qA= 7f^l=
'Jgal= 4? olETtls?

04 olFl
=e /ZOS
alli? / 2+1f I lro;lnrrr DeSt Ear"!'
rdt

we.k
B

q7l^l H=zqg?
J-^l7l HIE 9lq9.
=goil
-d4l E4le!
trl^lE -d Ag.nlxl
^lrXqF4
{3ii.frh=
 :d'=q=al,\le
TOPIK II

I wish you the best of luck!

 Chapter2 gd-Eel I

#tgel r^t
QRaE_e Efg= E^11= Eq H^llg
=71 =oE^l

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€'J "f 6l|€ 337+
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1Er €d-eEr^r lzoq

2

3
6\
e Elg?lel Ec \2./ ElE.Jel EC cE Dllh
^lz TlHt
HI BI HI

12:30-13:30 12:00-13:00

@ 'JLl EEE ECrJ Eit itot EEE EC'J E!=T

=J?l: A
2009LJ 2010LJ 2011LJ 2012LJ 20138 20148 20131J 20148

21Ol cnapter 2€de9l.^l

N [4-8] clg rl|elE E Ez ololtr + ?l= g= rEd^le. (4 2E)

c € E-4 {l{a}xJ r*q.

@ r"lg]. q+ql oJfl $sE Bull.
@
@ zl44E
^l+ C4i{eH "J4 c}"tzl.

G5
@ 94lszl ql-Eql E-E zl4+le.
@ +flEjl *+4ol4E zio[flo]e.
@ rJTlql= ulrl_r. glqs.
^l7l +ql^-l
@ Bg zi.rJ {.(}a}r E EsH 4&4ez

er * uNzi {o}$eLlz} *^}glrJ *o} 4.

@ r4? rl+ es^lq= € gr zlH €!nl?
@ xl# ,Jlzl 7lq4a glq^l Szi ulzlo| aN.
@ rll.J "Jg *g e!-.<|o; g+_a 6lH qEql.

7
e,q=.ilBol 9B4l EzlE iR=ql C'J
="JoluJls.
@ r4e? ;(l++ C4olH ggzle qg4xl 9+4qls.
@ rH 6lle.l€Eql xlgdll _H_= a qqs? + g rl Aols.
@ d+4 += "Jg 6l=
^terE- E+sqzl
ri+ 4€61^l trl^]l.q-

161 €d'elr,+ lZt t

 TOPIKII

o elg xl-E.= s€*eq 4 4lzl +^16l] E4ls.

@ s= El94ot 6l=ql olz-ls €q^lH qq6l]s.
*
@:aH ++H4l s= 91e-eL e=qa uf+ =pzlle'
@ zl+ -ELLll +^lB xllzl PzlH4l dBg4ls.
^l+ql "l4l"J

N [9-12] ctE EllAIE E Ez 44zt olol,\l :g -dE-o-E g"J3 A= ?=d,\lg. (4 2E)

o E^J+ql aq.
@ +^J+9 *"1E4.
@ clr+ ZEt.
^l+€ql
@ gd HxtE *"lzl4.

10
O q6}^lql dsl*tri.
@ trl= 9{€'J+r+.
@ +qlolzl= +4t+.
@ qqti+9 B4-5 qql+q.

212l cnapter 2 dCEgr^f

 C 4lr6lel +Aq zl+. @ aHl€qlzl4 EqE+.
@ 4rlg 4tr-eq +=q. @ +a €qlolxl=,'JE++.

e rrl €Exl5 4lC6J+.

@ a^d^19 xll+
^lag 4=rl.
@ ,J ql4qrll^J €EzlE +=4.
@ *zlqlrll 4lxll$ €B^'l=
=4.

x h3-161 trl== Ez l]|Ezl "Jil6t= ag z=d^lg.. (4 2E)

13
o rte +ql= Erle + s,+.
@ rtql "JtL+ + 9t= ?lge zll-Jqq 9l+.
@ r+E "Jtlgg .JEI'JI-9-E"J qlElE + 914.
@ J-=Lg Etiflg 1"J'J 4*vl^l qloll6J + 9tr1.

14
C EE+ E*fl3 +"l]+ 9ez1 94.
@ ++E=e 4zlBe ++-qrq d^lqq 9i+.
@ d^l 6ll€9 deE €xl9lztl da6lH 9rl.
=r
@ 2^l7J ++ +q= 1+ .Jqlql^r *ql EolH €+.

1il aEEEr.^t 213

 TOPIK II

e++ zl! zlfrz.lp! ql^lls r-"J$ol+.

@ bql Efl qde t4"14.
^JEol 9l++
@ bq Ed q^dg trlg +"JE"l +=d+.
@b= zlE +"JEe 6l+ +g trlgsl+ql^J zlLllr 9lq.

16
e ge qtgg + a9 TlvAl
q qt^.t
^J4++.
@ gH$$ ulzlz]."tzl 4elgql dqlB 4o14.
@ +Cg B"ll^j geqql Fe U9I+.
=d6lzl
@ eq +ql r+71 qq +^J- zleTl:r- dq ++.

N 117-2Ol trlE= g4= r=d^le. (?+ 2E)

=7 'Jrlel =c
17
e q+€+= r}qsH .+lB6J trll E+ol 9ti.
=
@']]ql ^l€ 4"J+ gFg 6l= ag ql^89 4E"l €4.
@ q+l E"tgld +"Jd += ae +lg+ "I ++.
^Eg
^ll+r rql +fl9 +Fg
@ +s= 6lb aol +lBql +el6ltrl.

18
o ^Jg+g ulsoll.! ^tE aol 4xll4"l4.
@ + Hq y+e Eag rl AlTll A + 9l+.
^F= aol
@ Eag g,q+ ql
^l= 4"1 E9 €E+ + 9l+.
Ei
@ g=+l^fl xll$S F zI rlb {Btl gd z.lH6t+.

214l cnro,"r 2 €d-selr.^t

 e ^lxlxlE ^J4IZF= "JE Er Eg + gl+.
@ t}+g +"J6}H^J qEle Eg + g+.
^l+#
@ -eA +E= "l+61= rlfiE"l H r*"t4oF ++.
@ E4 +E= +E +4171€q^.1 zlH6lzl +Eg + 91tr}.

20
@-].u|_=.9 g tsgql E+ol €+.
^t€+
o ololzl r^zl g:_e-H rEBdtri.
^trlE+g
@ otol9 :utEE xll+g Flol ++,
^l€-^lAql
@ .\ulEE.2 zl-JE-A ololz| zl+ +ql ,ll ++.
^l+t

N [21-22] trt== -J"-l#^19. (4 2E)

=u ==0f,
21 'Jrlel
=c
g4eE "J= 4= zed^re.
O €H+ ^l*Eg ^lCg"J +zlig= 43 +le4+.
@ -e-qd ue.rfl Eq ql4"J+ y4q.
=€{-=
@ q +.J* +rll9 e-qd oergol "J=q4ot ++.
@ **"1 oe.:.+ +l+E €Cqq^Jb "J €+.
^laE F3

22 E= q|ESE g"JE a= o.=c^re..

@ zlfE BE oe.:.He 6l+qlql s+.
@ sqd E-=-r+f- rldE"l +zl g+tr1.
@ €xll +"J.J sqC oe_zeol %L+g+
@ sE.rH *zlxl-=g zlloJ€B=+zHgxi e+=q.

lEl !d-EEa.^l 1215

 (?J 2E)
N 123-241 trt== E=0ll 'J6td,\le.
=r
23 +a= 6tr 9l=rl "J= 7i= !=d^le.
'Jrt7t
o d.Jtlr €zlq ql6ll EE6ir 914.
@ d"J 4la^]9 zl"J a}q$ +C6ti1 9ltl.
@ olrfd *9 i"JCIq
glzl= q-Ealr 914.
@ +"J"J+^l g+ ,r.l ge* ^l+= +E6la 9lr+.

24 ==
Lt|EgE "*= z1g z=dAle..
O dE4a= ol^l+ zl Ia "Jql 6llot +tl.
@ €EIolxlotl.{ dE 4lr^-l= ++.e- tsg + 91tr}.
@ td.^l= zld +"J clqql 7t^l d"J4l-z$
aNol Aq-.

@ +"J"J+,<-lz| gol=- "Jq'Jlee dE4jr=

g + 9itr1.

N 125-261 trlE= g6ld^19. (?+ 2E)

=u =3011

25 'Jrlg =c g4e.E "J= ztrg z=flrle.

c u"J59 "Jzl4E =4"1 +tl.
o u"JE9 t=ol E+ot4"t +tt.
@ r-oJEg "J^14= ?ld6llot +r+.
@ u"JEg glal "Jzl4 r+ol
g-q6lq.

26 =g
LI|E=E "*= ag z=firle.
C ztglb ql+"l]rllql a{€ zJol 9tr1.
@ zlqle €q6lB "Jxl4€ zll+6ll
@ Bt44F+
Tlqlql^l= 6i^l =tl.
I+s ?*=tt.
oJ6ln 9+.
@ zlglglrl= 204e+ 7Oc\716J4l

216l Cr'apter 2 €d-Eel-r-^t

N l2Z-281 trt== g6td^le. (?+ 2E)
=r. ==0ll
27 q&71 'Jrl'tlzl "J6F= elE=
==firle.
C a+qlg C+6la dq^J
@ AAzl$F"l E=zl g:a dq^J
@ +^l€}t€ 5|6]] qldg 9 f glEzl T+"H^J
@ rJl ul{+Lx}E €-^tg f ?lbxl "Ja dq^l

28 =g
qtESE "J= a= uEdle.
e BzlE +^tgf,$ E 4o14.
elzl 6.il
@ rJ+q d*xl"J AAzlq +qg + 9l+.
@ +^l-= 6lr. de-H qr+
gtrt.
^l+€q da6lBg4r
@ Eo^l€.t.ol
tszl= +r+ ++qlE E$oJ c4+tr1.

x [29-30] trl== E=oll =J6ld^le. (?] 2E)

=l.
n 'Jrt= ++?lrl z=d^le.
e €sl ^l+4s= 4= ^l* @ €E+= ++61= ^lH.
@ gelq @ gEl -9"+g zl+61=
=€61= ^l+ ^i+

30 =g
qtEgE "J= a= z=dle.
O ^lt+Els= $qBzl * + tlQs 4Eg iltrl.
@ zlig ,ll.J4 "J
^14
ql$ql \$ql xlt"l 9l9.tl.
@ =-9 €s+ :$"J+$ €cl ,++g +€^14^l= ?l €tr}.
@ €slE c+e-oJe +rlq4 ololzl$ e dg6l= 4.o14.

lEt AE'Er^t lzt

x [31-32] trt== E=oll g6[C^19. (?+ 2E)
=r
31 qrlel g4o.E "+= ,J= -!.=c^re.
O ql+"Jsl= E€qol rrlzl €9xlul 9+=+.
@ ++"JslE+= g E^l= 9l= aol ++.
=e
@ ql++sl= +dol _H_Sqq +^l fl4.
=+q"l"F
@ ql+++= qete +otql 4* *ulE +g+ + 9+.

32 q^lel q-EE "+= aE r=d^19.

O tszl9 'Jql B+ €Bg 611 9l+.
@ ad^Brll zlCel gag- E'-6la 91+.
@ rlq6lrll tszlg gaql +E6ll. 9l+.
@ tszt9 'Jq +44 o _+ ql€ 61r. 9l+.

x [33-34] trl== E=oll g6td^le. (?+ 2E)

=l.
33 +qoil ql-d Llt8p.lrr "+= 4= rEd^re.
c ^l=71 4qe+E +41
'l]d
HJH

@ "JrJ+Al= +l+ Er+4"J 4s+ *B

@ rl=zl9 {]ilHslrl 44oll ulxli $oj
@ zl4 Zl9 4Elzl zl,i E ql'l$gfql ulzl| $aJ=

U E= L11EeE "J= ,i= ?ed^le.

C xlq zl zf€A trll= gdl|l gt-lloi ++.
@ t'l=zlq= He+ql 4+6lle} 9l'Jal]+14.
€) zlqel qlElg ql= aflg E*ol all += aol ++.
@ zl9 qlztxlE is-zlAl^gql^J ,q +loF ++.
^l+7171

2.l8|crrapter2ddEEn^l
 I trl== 'J.-lC^le. (?+ 2E)
=l. ==ql
FH-e .)z futEr) *IE Z)-e -zEbu)e
"/*Eoz/4 Fcdg
q€t/z
t/4
z(flI xll$$ "Jg"I
'll6lt^1 4g6tr1 "J4.
@ q +ql {o} e zl ,Jql"Jg +E6}a giq.
o

@ 4l |xtelg +'il dsle r!l= fltlolr 9l+.

E= LI|Eo.E *= 'J= r=C^le.

O ,Jql"Jq +q6lfl f's ^l= qs{$$ Eg + 91tr1.
@ 4^l ?*= +4 dEl€ E++ ol*qlrll zl+6l.= zJqlqlol4.
@ ol{ ,Jsll?lel +elfie EeB 9fl"1 z.lEHlE 7l+6J 4"14.
@ +ql dolg HF+H^J qld +ql do13 9"l{4= ^l*ol E++.

-381 trl=S ESUE:.aJ"JLItrl. E Ez EE0ll -J6ld,tl9. (?+ 2E)

'Jrlel g4= a=flrle.

=c
O +C4ql ^J+ rl8 Fzlb {lE Tolls "lqdq.
@ "J4E "tzll$ o -s axll4 "lelg gg + 9ltl.
=
@ n+a. s."l cq-il cEE f aol ,lEqrllb ol5"lrr.
=
@ r+tl"*rE Etr6t= €B+ ++qol $ealc]..
^Hlzlg

Ee L]|EUI gil6l-= ,i= UEC^le.

o Eg + 9l= €B= 4rF€ cBzl r*4.
@ Er+ "HlBe AulzlqlTll +€4.J Erl"J 9ltl.
@ s=
^lEl=g Eag € 9zl€ +otBTlE ++.
ull

@ xll+ olulxlg 916ll -"191 zlzla_ olr= q]E q€ + S+.

^l€g

151 ddeE_r.^t 219

x [39-40] 4=3 IHEJSLIEI. E Ez g6ld^l9.. (?+ 2E)
==0ll
39 ol -Jal ge1 4E..E g"J= 7i= r=c^le.
@ EB ^lJ.q ++ ^lql gE
@ qg co} €E +^l c4 tse
@ 4Eg q+ "J^l c4
E"J "JE'
@ +r+ €^Js+ +dql ++ Hel Es

rc ==
qlEzl git6t= aE l.Ed^le..
o 4+E ^l]
A4g ^lr+Hl= €zlxlrJ + 9+.
@ HJg6J A+ A4q1 +d6f= ^fEle fr+.
^HE
gflg +i+r+= *€xlg + H+.
@
^Fi+ +xllE
@ A+= qlgg EB €g= ,JE +Ai++g 4"14.

N 141-421 trl=9 3EgLltrl. E Ez E=oll gotd^lg.. (r+ 2E)

41 'Jrlel
=c
gr-teE "J= a= rEd1le.
e +€4 elEEg rJ€40J atol € + 9l+.
@ qrfxl +=ql r'lEl rlE i4EE4g +loF ++.
@ +44 nlEE4 +C4 EIEE$ +41 += 4ol €4.
@ +44 ulEEg $Gzlzl +tr]= gJrll "J= +E 9l+.

42 ==
LHEat git6t= ,J= red^re.
c r+ et+zlts ++ ag a+6lH +461lxl7l drl.
@ qH Eotql 4+ zlzlol +olH €|r= ag Tlul+rt.
==
@ a# el+xlE a+g Eot €.zlE ,*+ 43 +s6lzl ^J4++.
@ r+ elfzlE +€4, +€4 4E4g 6J4l += ag dn+q.

220|cnapter2!d-E.9.L^f
x 143-441 trt=$ trl+fllElElgLltrl. E Ez E=oll EJ6lu/'le. (?+ 2E)

43 ol olotTlol
=c
L11toE "J= a= a=fl4e.
@ ul.<llflxl z<lt xll$9 zflgol 9ea1q.
@ ul.r]lflzl A_H-q ql+ ql4ol pealQ.
@ ul,r-llflzlql ql6J qlHle 4zt2 zl4oI *4.
@ ul,rllflzlTt tlJ^Jotxl ?+E+ +A!_E= allot *4.

4 El^1grl7t fle-d olg-e "J= ?i= r=c4e.

e +Asg9'J_g-zlTl ql+ql
r{l+ql
@
^l*9 +ql ^q=zl
@ $zfi'alAl617l rl+ql
"l9$Fol
@ rl+"l Egalzl eE4l 617l ql+ql

x [45-46] trl=3 3glgLltrl. E Ez E=oll .Jdld^le. (?+ 2E)

45 E= LHEat gir6l= a= uedle.
O 9zl +!g o|ot 4989 *zlzlAt BE + 9l+.
@ zlzl dq aqlq^.1 49 9l= ae +Eql E+ol €+.
@ xlzl d gf,$ 6lH +H$ +E6l= _E =Eol +Hlgtrl.
@ a€e q+ qF+ aB+ Hol elzJ 4ol €4.
=qs=

rc 'J^tel EflE-e 7+g g"J= 4= l.=c^le..

O +HE "JHg +rll4_e_tr. €€611 9l+.
@ +HE +sCg ql^l= €B6la 9l+.
@ +Hq q* qEl =q
€+ €r+= xll,rlap !lQ.
@ +H ++ g^J6l= Erlle=€ xl4rl_r. 914.
^l

1Er ddEEa{ l22r

N 147-481 trt=3 EHEJBLIEI. E Ej]. g6td^le. (?+ 2E)
==0ll
47 =e
LHEztgit6t= 4= zEd^te.
@ E^ls E. tr$ql +d €+= + Hql Er+i{tr}.
@ _u_21=e s4 €+= qflolE€. 4^Jee 9U+.
@ e.z1= = sJ+L +E5qlrll= E€€ gzl * ilrl.
@ *rJ +q bqg E_zl.= = +Eg trll"J /J.++tr}.
=€

I 'Jrt7l "J6lE HJ^leE 7lB g"J= ,i= redllg.

o aeg 5L6u zl4l9 gag +11611 91r+.
@ ^Jql%r.e_l Eag 4+4sE ++6l.r. 914.
@ +g €€g
"lq ^Jql*ol "J* Eaql Fa6J+.
@
=4=
xll,<lal.{
^}4*ol "J+ gAq H}ql6}r 9iq.

x [49-50] 4g= 3g!gLltrt. E EL g6l#^le. (4 2E)

==0ll
49 == Lt|EaI git6t-= ,iE red^te.
qde €) bldE4 ^l-E-€- +EdF= bq"l 9q44.
@ "lCe F^lql {4 z}zl "Jg 6}H s+^fl?l+Q.
@ %L5-ol €ee UlulE qe+L {9 _u_q6q.
=E4]rE
@ ,l5}Fol BE}IE €AqlE
^js += ++e€-
zfzl:t- E9t+.

50 qrlTt "J6l= HJ^leE 7lE g"J= ,i= red^le.

O el= 5q ^141E +tlg +€6111 9lr+.
@ r+7+9 b4= xll.<lal.{ gfl a$g Fr !lq.
@ tr-EJg ?+44 +tlg ++4eE €E6l-'- gi+.
@ El+4 "J +dsE ?+49 +t+ ul*al_L ?i4.

222 Chapter 2 tE-E9r{

471 gq(51fl ^, 54E!) r 50=
I
^ttr ^tz
€'J "! dH# 362+
x [51-52] 4== B.lr Oal O0ll "J= 44 -d ESoE 4ad^le. (4 10E)
=ol=
51 E^l=
=
ul#e.l ,\laJ= 7l?l g + ,\FJol
^lel
olrll -zr== HfafHq "=€= ( e ).

H I uu 1; s1 -t= El4 6fu\1 l al H LH+ E rJ/.l.6ffl+ Ll rl.

,4471^HEzl=
I
^f
qalEel +=rf F (
=gdf= ^Jel ^laJoilzl

e
c

52 da:d
^l=J=ollxl=
+ TlTl
=5801
glrf. rH+E 0Ja1^1+El flq'J
^H==
g
Z6fI, rltr +oll^lE E-7l6l.7l=ZLJ ( O ). UqFoll r=01
^laJ7|-
ETtl^l L+6f^l gr?ttl$ ( e )? €E= gnfLf gd6l laJalL-l-p
oll gal ,^ol olL-JDl g4-dtrf.

e
e

1El AdEelr^l 223

TOPIKII

trl-== #!.6u '3al?.! ,\l-t EH:d 7? 2oo-300rlE 4c,\l9. E,

=4'0ll =el
4l== /'[rl Eld^le. (30E)

3at?!
^l-E =4

r -++ 1!H 4r4

ldE I A"J
s !H Zr4 I7lE[
tr TlEl n 6l+

2241 cnaprcr 2 lEE9r^l

 10

tl

2261 cna6er 2 !dE9r^l

 g7l gE(1E! ^- 508) ZO=
^lc ^lz:
d-J 6tld 365+
|
"J

N 11*21 ( )oll Eqe 7l8 g"J= 4= ?=#^l9.. P+ 2E)

1 ertrr= E== Hrtt d=e ++Lr F-#a191 1 ).

e 9 4zl $,4 @ 6l= H"l4

@ 617l ul$"l4 @ -J 4"1 gl4

rfolol=5 dlall E]|g rlLlE ( ) Bol LE "Jgttrl.

==
C #rJ ul @ #Lq
@ frzfufx} @ frr Ll^J

N [3-4] trt= "J= r! +=4 o;nlzl Hl+:d 4€ ze#/.19. (4 2E)

Bol L1+ 'Jol^j += + s,= rl3olEl.

=
c ilEg-trJ 6ttr} I zl-etr ++q Sq
@ zlEg e r*q @ ileg + Sg €s"14

olElrlTl e^l= d==. E Aale

^al= =rl =:g =qr= =9,tr1.
c
=zl
*gztEl @
=xl
*g
"J+
@ Exl *61= ql-+ @ *61= ql{ql
=zl

1El AcEelr * lzzl

N [5-8] trl== +1011 EH-d l=flIle. (?+ 2E)
=?l^1

qHqll Fg c^lzl= d=o1,119.

^tBot=
,\
\T/ ,l.Iol
O=
@ "Ie

2016LJ El+ Tfaf _PJ3 d.j= EP

=^lEel
U]F FEq qUJ
Etrlq 6J+quJ izJ!
d++ +EH^l lgs$oilzllts 47lel rl"J
^f?] =€
11)
vl ZH (^ o)71
@ ol6J @ €s+

114a qq'tl 4'ttz4iHzt zt

afiet ?t t wt?t *.r q 14trfl+ z t-t
nln{oelvl E"nl'/+qcf ,

- 4-L 7|-q8 44e!

- HHEJaI= gzHgal]!
- -d fl Sdge AgLl?Jztl^ll

e rld /ol rllz};r

\2?/ o O+ @ zl-Fzl @ +ql dsl

228 Chapter 2 €IEslr.,\l

 +4= cEel #ez1 Etr eJrJoil €7 ?l+LlEf.
6l-^l"J +alLlel= +g= 6H0F g €Ee Eo+01 ++-stLltl.
=7161=

^l=
0l +z Lre EJ^l=01 'Jtlel Tltrltla ?l+Lltrf.
^FJ=

@Bg @ E^l @ +zt @ae

[9-12] trt= EEts LHErt'J= 4= r.Ed,\l9.. (?:28)

= =q1=E
_H.afEll=:fl tsEE|18 FE 2115

.71 7J: 2O16LJ 12:J-'28oJ - 2O17Ll

.^l Z : 9d 10Il - 9+ 5 l
.g8E:+.B
.olE BtH : +lE== "J7la trrl|= g
. 7l El : ?Jd= +|"=|.|,(l 2 l7JtrlE:l gfl=

O flzll4 "l+g + 91tr1.

"l*3
@ EtlE= rJlxl $olE ols"€ + gl+.
@ d+6"l s.qE €'l]= Hei g + gltrl.
@ 6l+ F?l ols" g + 9l=
^t*9 i= 1008014.

1El ddEEr^t lzm

10 +e+7tel
=e!E

ol= 7l|Lltrl E+ raJ^ OECD

c s=J^g €-€ge "JE_u-4

qq.
@ dfr+ r'l+E g;gge {tolal4.
@ f,+g-] +€ge += q+B+ *+.
@ oncl €+eq +e ++= "l+ol+.

11 rl+=rl. E+= +zEZLl €H= Z^4df7lE 61r., llg= 6lZLl 3qt= =

E E rnl==el EJal-d 715 rrt|=oll /.FJ=3 El].|E ,rEfsEE +oll,'.l gr
=rl
-drl. talLf ^E|EE= E= ,l.l€dfE E 2J?J= 6|]tr + tlcf. .tgl-==rh b
= :+
{o;o; Tltl= 3OcmE ?^16|r, l,t.lrJ ,'.fE 1-28 €E= fl t= HfelHE
lE-d if ?JolLl Ll+ E+3 toll^l= EIE= ,t.f8:6f^l E0f0F -dtr'l.
=trh. ==al=
O ^utE€$ €46lzl"J bq= +zl 9+g + 91tr1.
g l-.ulE_E€ +ql^-l +r E+ol i 4?t+ ^la + 9i+.
@ 1-2+ {= r.13-a1r- 1^J<} F"J3 d9"} bol ar}6}tr}.
gEEl= lul=€$
@
^l "Jql^J= €qle ^t+6l{ "J €tr}.

230 | cnapter 2 dd-Eel?^t

 ilFf,'I

15 (71) 'qg'olaJ, 'q= HJ+'el 4E

_=.+= 6z16-l= ,ioJc|..
(Ll) trE THoJ g+= 6p1Ll =g"JE ?trf.
^l€"-l= ^FJol
(+) qldoll= aqr- HJA +l+HrfE =r
,qg,ol oJ7l7l o,Jtrf.
e=.
(ef) /.laJ=. q=
'J+g _EE,\J rHzltrJ+= Lalt_ c44 -=lEEr= i|jecE :sr-,-

o (+)-(rl)-(4)-(+) @ (zD-(4)-(+)-(+)
@ (+)-(+)-(71)-(+) @ (rl)-(+)-(+)-(+)

x h6-181 tl3= Eiz 1 )ql Lll8o_e 7ler g*= 7i= r=d^19. (4 2E)
=qe
16 A?1801 -d+. a?t.ge H :- ilo1 flZl Hf+l^l Lr=
0lag =e6l+l.= =trElqqatz
+. del4o+ "J$d= +^l6falr 6|.= +€ *HEolrf. qal^J a?ta
-J7l7l gldH^J= q4 7rx14te Altr= Hq+ejr o-fTlgrf ( =e
= ).

O Blg ECg 1= Aol ++

@ dg4 Zl4lg s44xl 9+E+ 6lot ++
tL# eL zlxl= zjsali:
= EI+HH^J ololzlg 4"1 #4a14
@
@ b€: + 5q+E ++

17 'JC EtTll glTlLf ++= E= rrll EEC= Lt)l=

^FJ=rl
9trf. 0la3 "J=el Eee 4?]gE= E=^feJ=g ^faJ=ol
Eal=ql d6l.zl a
ef6'lzLl r|.|+ et4-ilE g0l fl?lol .EJrl. ql^lalEE=oe.
ug zjTl7l
A'J +E ?lr. EE6l
d6HE +E 9lrl.. -dH olal gE=ol gTlE "JEt4oE= Eg 5Lf -;7171 ol
ai+_=_e ( ).

C -J^J ++q-Jq @ zl+ "J+ol -Jrl

^lEl=g
@ Aq efl ,ll €"lzJ X"l4 @
^lsl^Jg1q E€g 441 $Ll
=

232 | cnapter 2 !d-sel-I^f

18 ^fEoll^l
+E:d EE+E3 +Eloltf. Z^6f-r. E7l?
^fE= =E
El^l^l ?i
g 320km^40luf e + fl=L1ttf7f I-7lef zfG=- +g6fXt llH^1
^tl ^fEott ^t
( ) 4=-d -+El7l E= 0f^l^l PjzE
= ^laJ=oilxl =^|1olrl.
7J=J + 9t= zl.E+3 +Lr3 +€EJ +1801 qal 7H ?l7l tt|jEolrl.
^18 ^llE=_+
r.elr 50il LJ +oil= ?tcl^l ealS?J q^l .gJr.E sl= + 9l
^lg0l ^18Elcl
rf. "J3 Ef^l .^E^l^lal Ftr 7]^l EaH +lE zCIs HJol HUI^l^l .gj=rf.

C fls-Ll"lLt @ $.q^J=.J E
@61=F"fEF @ E+ol gq "Jq

N [19-20] trl= Bl=. .J6ld^le. (r+ 2E)

== =g0ll
5l= flE= flAteE 6l= gefLf =alnfTf glqal rll+=|r ?l+. flEolal ?.lElLJl E7J=
+l-Lf 'JclEIl .J+61 ile|.44= flElLJloll gz1 ztrr:li ilEolEJrl.. flEe 7l=el 4€0lLl trJ
ef{47f +g= uHlezl HJg6l_r. Etc-d 0f0lrl0l= 7l^la_ ?l+. ral_r. ( ) ?lE1
LJ.loll^l
=zl -dH Z=Elfl7l ttflEoll gefLt calnf rll4f^l.=o| CE6l.= 3:*01 9l
^t|trlel =eol
rl. d11l-e flE= flAreE -d g6lef Ealrl=o; EErl oJTl= Ea o")7 | rrH$oll Olal +lll
E Soe._=. Zl+=J C"Jolrl.

19 ( )ol Eqe g"*= 7i= rEdle.

@ ol"l @ otzl
@ "l? @ 619

20 fl =el LHEat ,J? 4= r=d^te.

c gEe "Js+.4+ "JEl,-Jles #zJ 4o14.
@ gEe +6Jql EA4jz €H+ aol 54ol+.
@ gEg g+-e-e + €slLl E4"lE "ll* =E-4.
@ gEg qlzlzl eq'Jl *A +eETlzl ololzll 914.

1Et adEetr.$ lzgg

 TOPIKII

x 121-221 tri= Elu E=oll -J6l-tl^le. (4 2E)

==
ACe azl4?l r.q HJEoltl. 6lrltrJ etl= g=6fE 9.6lal 9a4g += +E 9ltt.
eft-g ttH= '++61+Lf.'a|.= edH+ 'gC6l l.q= flE6H0F 0l0l7l trl
=+:*+Lf.'alr.
altrJ Ea t+g 6l^l gr= "Jg HJ^l-g + ?Itrf. !E eft-g g0l 9l= tt]| HIE r rEloll^l
6lE rl-Ed= Eg + 91tr1. dri= ( ) HJ=ot|E r]|Eltl 7lE0l
== ^t|trS
€al^l -pJ=tl. 7l-E EE4 H€E 6l= e+E 9i=tll r=r4l 6|-E eTtq "Jeq g
=Gl^l
troll'J d4l-g + 9lclll HlErl4olEe +ol6H0F -dEf.

21 ( )ql
=qe
g"J= ,l= zEd^le.
e "Jol dC6lE+
@ "Jql aol trte_E+
@ "Jql zlul€9 ;<lE+
@ "Jol E"lxlxl 9+E+

zz +l
=q =c
g4= 7=flrle.
e a+g +44 g"l 6lH -n.qql s44"14.
@ a+g ++6ll^1 6lq 'JEEJ 6ll^J= .J g+.
@ a+g r-qql HlE44olo-tr zlxllaNop pr1.
@ l.+4 a'l;g +l"ll^J= a+61= ILl-Hg "Jolo1 t4.

234l cnapter 2 dde.gr^t

 123-241 trl= 9Ju g6ld^le. (?J 2E)
== ==oil
Ll= €401 E"-[|II z8'Jolq nuf= -f,o|fltrl. r'J oltsollE ull=
=gee 'JE 7|l ?l
s=rll s ll=Jol Ll+ dd6l .J=JaE &=^aifl+. EI +oll= 7ltr|= ,-=61
=ol^l
11 4al= +e6lE^1 e= E+ol gtrlg HqIj g+al +-f*rl. r =r Lf= tsJlol
Ll= zde-+ -rr-7HtrJ ztEldlr g= = Ilz= r.J ^haJol gol'Jtr|..
^itrt'J^lEi ^lLt^{qH+.
4lE= L117ltrl7l rtrJ gg fltr|r1^l "J== c.=lll clrll ggttrl. -d5gf^lLloll
r€= 6fE^l
eJ^l .=11 r-J 0lAql +=lfEJ IlaJol rqgaJq. H= E3 zt !tlE
6lr. trl8ol +8:dtl. ^t+ =El4l =olIl

23 "J= +Eoil LlElu r. rfaJo; cdo.E g"Jg a= ?Ed^le.

E H}'J+
@ g"J6l+
@ Enll6l+
@ 4€^Htrl

24 fl =el q1Eat ?J= 4=.r=d^te.

c += 4= ^lH-E+ EEI e= €ol+.
@* ,Jg E?trl.
^l+"1 "J+el da6l aeH^J
@ += +€61 +qf,
^l*ql|l €+6lr| ^lrli{+.
@ 4= ,lul= /"l= +A6}H^J er ilg+.
=r

1El Ad_Ee.l-z^l 1235

x [28-31] 4== 9-tr ( )oll L]|Eo+ 7tB g"J= 1= ze#^le. (4 2E)
=ole
28 +e-r. 311 sE 3:dLt+ cf=o-e gat| Ll.+olq
^PJtrf. ^l=
4Ht9 40 ^l-zltr
^Ll-+= 1 4.rl
ou zaql dH,tl galoll =JE6t| cJ+. rrt|^l 4+=
=d=, =8,
ql+El
=ol =trhr-
( ).

e el4leE ^l+tutrt
@ *g +E= ril 49+
@ tl+g ^J4eE #Br+
@ rH +ql
^l+ Ftldr+

Erlrf ol+ H.ol ulEol-r. + fi=rllE e+71 EIE Ll+ 8=Joll

=E-d =e1^l
Etrg Z1= -pjtrl..
7J1 +a?l ?J Elzlt-f +8, EE= E= 47lE -.J
^FJ=ol
+. olal 6l=Ell Zltrel Haloll ?zl Eol 43= E 6f^l +
=,8= ===olefr.
g^l4os
6H,\l u[EfLf= ".!+ ^]l^ef '"=1118 = Tlqt 8== 6lr-
=801trf.
+44eE ^l^1.= 6lq ( ) +== 6H4oll Etol EJrl.

C *+g 3oE4 zlH

@ ulE z]..!l_+.
^8$6l$
@ *z'leg 7lErll 6lH
@ €"Jg +E6l dA6lH

1El ldsqrN lzst

30 HFJoI
^j=6f11
+= Zltr, 7f=olE Ll= r=oll ,Jtrf. LH 7ltrJ-d eEH=
Z4HE Lt| Flol 4^l= AaloJ^l HLatol ,Jr-H= 4^l= 4zlg.!^l ErJof
=
Eq. ofu A0l flal .tFJ Efg= e5^l4l sfcf. z3r11ol gZ^H= trfil E
=qtE
e+. TElzJa Eol +=+=-d aol lE El:g+oll r=J zr += raJ=JIt
=xleJ
-r. zE?1tr|. e4 qEoil Lloilzl 7l=olal zltr3 (

@ 99"lxl zHol4
@ "j4xl4 += El+oi+
@ "l*ol sFil= 4l€olr}
@ "l*€ z}{"lb *Eol{

31 30|-^l= EHclLl^J gEF59J3 0111, ErJl=rl -tsr41 rlLHEIl #o[ HJE^I -Js-d q
zl 7l^l= H|lttrl. HE €+ 7O"J EEDlrl olal qr+ol ol+ol^l=E1l 0H9JZ= nf=
)l4loll7fE EHfEol Et|olu -d -J €E EJ qal Solrl=oltrl. ( )
^l
01ff+ =J# nE'E trhilrl it| dEgoil flq. Sotrl= +lq+E rtrJoJ
=Ej =q
?]B0l otLlaf 8Bi{lal= E= tit|E=rtE rfl oJEfTThE "Jg Et= aolq.

o q+ E+"1 4=+=
@ "J4+El ^lB +g 4"t €4E
@ $$9 +Cg ,4+^l7l d"l4b
@ t tlzlq zltv flq+l^J e gflqs

238 | cnapter 2 Ads.9r.^l

 341 trl== Elr. LHEoI e= 4E zEd^le. (4 2E)
tH+$el d+E^lal qz*trJ HH'Jqg= qLl= 9ttr1.
9, E7l
trl=
=LJol
g-BFgltrl.
=l-e.l q =LJ
Ht|tsq:.J$ TVEBIaJ"l
?]71 HH'Jq:del
^l=el =€ol+E
-.J g€= fldl= r|]_+ €-g + ?trl= Eolrl. ?.lElLl! 5+Et TJ
^l+Ezl ^l8ol
^l-i
3ol=oloF €H= +61717l rtl olaJ^l Lrtrt^ltrJ
L r-l-\ ZI{/\f.lel!
L o-El

=Ll ^llEt|ollll= -

I +EolTlE 6fEl. rat|^l qg^Eg 6LJ HH'Jq-'J'-4= +l6t| -EtBflrlC +HJfl

qlEdt| +r. qg-g E,\I= €6Hrl ?l^l"J g€3 '\)'e.4Zlaf6lE+ df=
=
HJ H|l|_Jqg AlE==
^ll+
?itrl.
=^ldl.-r.

e ul]'J€49 olxll tl ol{ rI+^J5+9 4,ol "tqq.

@ HI'&q4e q4^lE 4eql rl4"t 6l= q€ ^J*"14.
@ +H=E "JqHql^l gs+ "14 CB= drll Eg + 91tr1.
@ qq^FE=$ 6H:o tl rll+^J$g +lo} E|]'Jq€ tr-+g
=Hl}l+.

A+EjLf -AEIE=oll +A?171. g+-=t ttH= FEal= ?3+71 EH+Eoltrl.

^lEJg
:.aJHl olxllts "JU dfE E€= ?.!^.16t|^1 xlE4oe g+01 EJrl. olaE
=€
?l^l /.l^'Jolzll -dtr|.. E+61 "J-d LHE= fttl t't2 zS3 E= EZJE 0l6H6l
q €:d6f7lE 6lz el+cl= Hq6'|-7]-E 6l= E rt|+ tr4-d 7l=oltrf.

o +d "J^l ^l^H -tr- Hqg

o + s.+. g
@ +c "J^l olzl
^l^Hg ^l++ + $.tr}.
@ +C "J^l
^l^He E€g "lql$ +.J9l+.
@ olxll= xl+€- FEE-IE grt.
^IIIE+E

1El ddEEr N lzsq

 e+= +lELJOl d6H^lE^l aflel;lf os b= 3?=. Ezlt_ ?itrf. 6|]el
=al=
+lgolal "J rcHe +LH7f olLJ el+oil Tl=6H ?l= Tlgoll^l 4g= g= A0l+.
o-|lelrl^l= +alLlaf Tlg0lLl tr^l 7lg EE= rf+4 7lg 50il^l +LH
= ^113+q
Hrl Lrg +lgTlel= E= + 9trl. el=oil^l g=J6lE^l Z-drl.4zg !J-g + Rl
cl.E 8Es ?tr €= 7l+. rl+=al .5cl^1 -dtf4Lf flGl .E6lel
^lLHot ^fol=
-dtf= EE=. flq^l 6t|el+lgg +166lll g0lHilJtr6t7l= HlaJq..
=+6|T0F

O 6lle.lf 93 zl?4 €4.

6lz1 9+= €"1
@ s= +Lllql^-l "Jxt4E +61= 49 Ee "lHzl g*4.
@ 4EAEE tl+dg q4^J 4l+6lrll AC6IE +A+.
@ "llE+lE€- 6tH Q^1 lq=q Sole_7l= 49 Ezl-bal4.

x [35-38] trl= +rllE 7|-8 g"Je 1= .r'Ed^lg.. (4 2tr)

=e.l
35 83EJ^llel rEo-+ tgEl= 7lg= BTlgg -dcf.
=7lLl =i7lgolal-L =3
el ?l6H^1 ollLlrl, -il'E, $3J, +q EoFoll €-J .EgElq
=49
eJ+. =€6f71
f.alLl El=
=9
0laJ BTlg== uz zlE=e g7lal= "JgEl.E4l
=cl^l= gq+r
g0l E46l ElGl rtHJ ?l+. oJil 7lg=3 0lg ++=
E 617l ttt|=oll AA= fl-dtrf= 87lgel 4+d +4= elE-g +E ?itr|-.=4e
=aJol
ttlzf
Z=.e1 E== 7Jtt + -g
^l =E-d =E6H0F ^f?JolEl..

@ *zl$q E"tc+ =" #E trJ i-Eio} ++.

@ *zlge ++9 +49 9l6ll^J fxllaNo;u3 +4.
@ c+E "JgElE ++9 +4ol qd€ +E 91tr1.
@ dE TlEql^J e€6lE+ 6l= "J€e+= -s€€ er gq.

240l cnapter 2 ldEEr^l

36 -Lf+oll= 'E7H+al de.'a1-5 "Jol ?lrf. dzt|5el.oll^l +at|EJ "J?.!rll dl.ef= EH
-+ 6f^l ?J-r. EOl HJEHE 6fa1= rd= += rr|l olTl{os E7H+el
^lE-drl.
dH= +al+7f g5ijl9 E5= TtHErtlTlLl 436f^l +E ?ltrl-. 6l^l
trJ trlEZl 84dH HE =^f =-g
++E 6l^l +-d Er.U-d ololEloJ= Erl== +E ?lr rl
HJEE +of'J +E ?l= aol+. SEl|goll EH-d
?ttrlE edlzl
=3 7l-^1E ==ol =p
'Jat= + ?t= aol+.

@ dzll.F4 dBzl ot"l4 q= +"J+.

@ 421,14 dH= +zl ?+e C4"14.
@ +Frll ^8gql^J= trt+g gag +44 q+"t ++.
@ "l+4 r.r4ol g+E €+6t= rrlgol gle$ flAq.
^-lE

37 -dgsl
^HE= ^fEoll^l
flZl +-=t + ?t= Ll+, E, Eolrl. ol
=, =ol =oil^J
501= A71l +A^l7lLf 4GlE + ?t= Eqr-d -g Z+oil
^HRoJEil ==6t|oF ^fE
-d Eol 8olLl. 80il gal HlaJ= EoE^lE g7l7l Edl.E=
oE #s.zf g*Zl=ol=
=El=trf.
-d FHoJrf. HlLf boil 4cl^1 4cl^l^l
^trElE+ ^ldl7l.
?iE+ 7l== gaf g+ T|EE rl=iltrf. d^=el gE g++ ts=Jrl.
^ldl=
o ql+g zl€asl4"J ?+Eol4.
@ ++g +-.J 4-r= 9*+.
^l-8:6ll^-l
==6lz1
@ -J+ a+ql +ol= a^JE zl-dlzl +lq,++.
^l++
@ ++E alE€- +olE"J +EH^]"J Tlbol g+6i4.

1El €dser.a* lzar

38 5l= H LJ E?J gtrlZlef 'J+Zloll +l. gEol 4= EE e.=_L Z^ll1l Er
?lrf. gOLJEl1oll +g-il'J trHd, EafEl Eol +== E9EII +q4 E
=qt, ^HAt
7ld= Tl+sr.eE r|1=oll4l HH[=a tr$dfzl Ll7l,J + ?tGl^l g_e._+E
^F-zrtrf.
'+a= A43 n[^l7l qalE Fol-c|. +r= E6H^1 3^114
=g-dtl'= =^lal
ol=g"J ofLlal E-stolal= qa18 al^ll0lE 5=rltr3al-r. ?lrl. 'e= Ht|
^lltH
+' 71 1716l= 'rfz'= Ed|1 +E-^f^l z 45rl 0l6Hol Al7l7l Elr. 9lr[.
^.ilrH

e qi1 g+ q+ql ^llql ,J=ol EElqq+.

@'ll+,==g {++ aql n*61_r- ++ +E7F "ll+ Hdle+.
@ a4le'J €s++ =4rrt7l "q€ "JzlE €r 9l+.
90Hql=
@ +il g+e 4zll4, +e €6&9 ulzlr. 914.
^lsl4e =Eq^l

x [39-41] trl= (e.z;;"; 7Et g"JP iEd^le. (4 2E)

=0ll^l =8ol =ol7l7l0ll ==
39 (e ) -+EE -d= AFgoll^l -Pjg a= Ht|8trl.= aol E+d*.+. ( e )
^laJ^lal
EE8+rlEol EF 7l+el -aFa= fldH E+oilt1l 4] ( o ) f 'J
=aJ=
g= e=01 trlq trJE6fr rl4o+ 4l56H,\l ^la+.
rl +
=aJ= ^t|t
+I g+= fl=J
614l +gdl= 4o+ E+61ftr|-. ( @ ) 0l eE=3 4LJ, It|dHE ?l-d €5rf +5oll
4l4el 5+= '**fl1 7l^l tr+El q-goilE E 48:ilrf.
tlGl

EaJ z|€oll,tl eF=3 =Joll^l olE q-g= 6t|0F 6l=^1. cl"JXl t^]01= A0l
Erl.4oJ^loll EH6H HHfl7l rr]|Eoltrf.

oo @o
@@ @@

2421 Cnaorcr 2 !dE9r^l

I
 ( e ) G*z 7l+^fzfE ozJl leJ E^l7l Lrol 9= aol^l"J -+r._e5. f,E
afz s 0l=rl8 q-+gol Lr3 EJ?.!rl E=51 6l+ollE H eF^ l Eq
6t= FlaJol |_Jol=Gl eJgrl. ( e ) 7l+goil1l e=
=LLl
^FJ ^f+l= "Jgol z^l
6f= EJolLPtt a qfl E^lE B q^lel +oil *JclT.!rl. ( o )
E= ++ r= Fl-g + fi,ol =E g=ol FeaJFeaJ Erl =arrl=-d
^fE= +
0l gg EelE+ €= LJrl. ( @) =EElcl^J =

@e @o
@@ @@

+el= ol=trf+lrl7l +ldH^j 0t|g El€fE= Ht=tr|. ( e ) raJql +el7l olE

trl+l^l7l 91"-t| dlE gEeE 1*oll 3trfzlel EEol 9l+. ( O ) olotl
EH-d +a1e] q^alE EE Eof^ll 9,1c1.
=qLlTla
1 6 ) El= €^lEJ €E=.r.;q1 trl=E
€E tH8el7o.2v"715=€-doll HJEH:iItrlz -dtrl. ( @ ) EE#-d= -d fle rt|
100LJ 018 ?l+7f I Z=E flE= Erl= ,iolfltrl.
^l ^lE"-H ^lEdlE
EEIEE ?Jdd= ?let d-do+ ElgEl= ?iolrl.

oe @e
@o @@

1El €dsEl^t 1243

N 142-431 trl= B.lu 'Jdl#^|e. (?+ 2E)
== ==0ll
ol B #=61ts r 7l+^foll 7l= 48-d g0l €A+. ofLl rlAr.-d g0l
'$fltr|' ^l#ol
r-Ll HEJ 'g4Elfltf'= 4ol=LlDt*J-=t=^l
=cl^J
E=elal. et| rzJz alE r zl$-d g0l
fl^ll '^lAtEJ' 4? +lcE+oll E=Ll7tl.
a7;r? += g0l ofLlal 'JOl ,Jcl,'.l Elr F tr01 qq E= 7l+€=01
-d Eol
^HE
Ee= g0lg, =
r. trFoll 'gclfi= UEllfr= '!ALH= i=4 +g+€6f= "J-Jol
^t|q
rl. =-d
^ll
6t=HJ0l OlLlr 0l="J01 OlU tt=OlloF, lal trt+l E+= 7l+8=sl +l0ll
^.z?l =zl7l
E 6l.H^ltrJ trt=Olal, AE#oll +e= trl= gel _LaHELl, -J"!oll LlaH= fl=olq E
^lE
a 7l= TlE,lTlol^4e+ rg^l -gjo.E Ezflu;o; €|uolLf 0lu7l 6lq +^l
=al =*rl.
+^l-d 5+= Dlfltrl7l E+= zH^l ?Jr. El 8401 t-lF-=. q=Jg.r Gl
olg.E==01
=ol^l =^l= ol=troll^l 0l0F7l= 6lZLl
z|l-JeE. "J+a; Eal +E -E= E t$oll
=aJ+I ^1.
E+=$ trlzrl|-e"J q7111 ,l,l-= ?JCal-1. ltH-+ ^fqalTlE 6lgtf.
= ^ll ol
-f.alLl ++tAvtlTl E=J rrH= *trl. 01il -dr*oil +8 j.lol -dzJHoll trt=
=i-r.Ezl ^l-trJ
z|lgrf. lii|] 4E= Hal gcl'J1l7l f- 4zl= Eff ^lLlel dil|l ^1L1= IH?t_
trJ
^ll17l =r.
aol+.
"^l H0f9. ofLJ HJ=oll rlull F* 4al0F?"6|-r, Ail ^lLl= ElEiraHTl
^al= =ol
+^l?161ts "J= Ett.
=011

42 "J= rl +E'il LIEILJ aru ilLiel cgeE g+g 4= red^le.

@ qol$.+
,/;\ -A F-l
ive-l
I l:+H

@ E"J6lr+ @'Jd6l+

43 ot
=q
L1;E'I ,J= 4= r=c^le.
e +H 7l-g+El rl^J6J "J"l 11499.4.
€) EF += ae *"l.4 {_:r.44roi= a4z1Eflr}.
@
^ll Bol €.^lql
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2Ml cnapter: 2 lds.ell^l

N 144-451 trl== El:1 .J.-l#^19. (?+ 2E)
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=
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45( )0ll Eq= L]|Eo_e 7t8 g"j= ,l= ued,\le.

C EEBS 4El6l= *ol S.7l trllEql
@ EE'J$ Eql6l= *ol $.71 "ll5ql
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1El €rEEr t+ lzas

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) (o 5lr fl+lol 7l
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46 fl
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ril
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47 fl =el LHErt ,J= 7j"= a=flrle.

e +xll9l a}zl* 5c.llxlEg agiR+.
@ eu1q1,r1 5tC +E Age ElH4"l+.
@ e"l +r4l= FC.ll= s+6E 91tri.
@ FdollzlE9 "Jflg 9lt +zllE +4fl+.

246|cnapter2adE9r.^t
x [48-50] trl== glr -J6ld^le. (?+ 2E)
==0ll
71E;6|-= tll 0l+ 6s-d q-=F= -Lfrf. ( ) +fl!01 Lll Hir|| "J
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gcl'J 7jol7l ttH=oltl. 7l+ HalE oJdH d + 9l= Ee trE #46|.-r.
^Jl4l4o-+ ==-g
fl-qq 38LJ +ql= E rf= 20q Eol E ++= 47ll rJolrf. aB= +rl5l7l
+ld|J Eol "Je6ftl. qal^j
= ^lgg
e= AtEJolE 2OsOLJgll= E ++= 4= oJ+71
=E-Lf ^l=zl
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=Gl= ^t|EE
il trtaJ, zJ4 €rq Ee, CC4 E rJal 7l+el 3+7l.Ee.alrf. E +l6t| Z
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I fl +
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c E€- qlc+ trl= Eag oJlll6lTl gj6ll
@ -5ol ezlE
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@ E ++ €tlql ql+ q4 IrtEg ge^"ig g4zl gal
@ Eg ^j$n+ +Eg #xlal} ql gsElg +A-dlzl +l6tl

49( )oll
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@ iztflol ++6llxlr. ?l o o-e.
@ E ++ol dd q d4dl4ql 4+
@ 5C zlEql fzlsol d+€ql q4
@ E-+ "J+ +xll trt+ol grla1g o r-g

50 "J= rl +=oil LrEru -J^rer E11=-+ g"J- aE r=d^re.

O ixtfl ,l]gg Selotjz 91tr1.
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16t AEEst.z^t 1247

 Chapter 2 €dEell,\t

€tE.gl _r_ t

E7| ,1H,;' ):' :

248l Chapter 2 €dE9r^l

O el=oJel =etE HJE 1l BE ill+ tlTJ @ =d+= uE=d el+oJ +
E+t(g) E9t(.J B)
7 1600
6 1400
5 1200
4 1000
800
3
600
2 400
1 200
0 0
201011 20111J 2012LJ 2013L1 2010LJ 2011LJ 2012LJ 2013L1

@ el=?lel +7t g= rlq @ el+?.!el -d+ HJ=

Efl(%) .J9l(%) =4
60
50
40
30
20

10

SHOI "JE
LlFllEiot
E"[OO ==
O-
0
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T loq
^lq

2El €dEsr-r. N lzaq

N [4-8] El= E]|il= E E-r. ololtr + ?l= g= rEd^le. (4 2E)

@ zlizl$ /t_ zyz,1r*q.

+6lE zlllzlzl ?lg.t4t4.
@ %r-ol
@ s+ql lol zlgzll+'lltlql zl Hzl.
@ 94 zlr "J4 "Jq+= ++€. z3elolzl.

e d+^l +Bg o]Ezl"J +q6lle.

@ rH aAE *4 ?ol 123-41fi alle.
@ r zJ9= xltl qlzlql oltrl 5qqe.
@ 6l^l"J +rlta zlzf,ol oluJ pgele

O rH +ql de+= +d 4EZl.q.

@ +Ell do15 *sH +^l del6ld+q+.
@ +dE 414 CiEl= zl6le q "Jql 9lgg.
@ :H zllzlt4 o tr_ ?J4le. q q ql
4l^lls?

@ r4E sl-6lltleqz| Qo3o1r1.

@ 4^l ulQfalrlr oll.
^Jeg||t+. "J+^-l
@ q^l a+ c4ol 94 t4lt4 olallall fj.
@ €^ql ++!+ €ol#"1. 4 :-? qqt+lHq?

250l crrapter 2 dtEgr^t

 @ zl+ 4ld4o 6J Ellztl E+oJ6l^lle.
@ e$t\zly + E-4 +^lls.
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@ Ht"lE^= d4ldq +el6ll _H-^lls.
@ aqq4 olql"J.$ qql6lriola.
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q€ :g g5o.E g+= 4= ?=d^le. (4 2E)

x [9-12] qlEIE E E= qrPl 0lol,|.l

e 4s ql=++.
@ o}^J# +orgq.
@ E^J+q^J +Z+.
@
^ldql^l 49 ti+.

e 4*q zl+.
@ +=g ?l4I6J+.
@ +€Eg ts=+.
@ 9flz}9g +4.

2Et ddEelr^t l25l

 TOPIKII

11
@ d# aq. @ t'tEq Z+.
@ "lEa4lg 4r. €4. @ d+= Tvlq 7Jq.

12
o r,lqzl €q++. 9 ulol=-g +e++.
@ A+El= €zl++. @ tzj lrl+g +rJLl.

x [13-16] trl== Ll|EzI gil6l-= A= rE#^le. (4 2E)

=a
13
@ €xlE glol +e+^J
ullz]. .J84.
^d+}6lzl
@ {x}b z}elql *r d$.zl"J *g + HHr}.
@ qxlE rrl
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@ {z}b 7}"} rq= E}Eq aH z}4 "JB= gg + 9lq.

14
O r}€e "Jg4l + + €"1 g 4lgolq.
@ xllg +e Blqle q^l ggEol a€+q.
@ xll9 a-3 *9I9 "l€+ +^Jqlril= EH +zl-E f4.
@ z]q g:e EE xl#Ezll E o H g+.
^l^l= =Hlq"l flxl

2521 cn"p,"r 2 ddE9r.^l

15
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@ +e zlgol +olzlH^J Hl+l7l +^lzlTlE *+.
@ +eql= 46lld Eo AIE elql= Eo &ol +al€+.
@ 1S"J Eo&4ol "lzz44 +tt-g'J6l= ^la7l9i9+.

16
@ +Hlq^l= +l^Jg 9l6I^J v\*6J +== 4l=+.
@ ++rJeE "l;l= Tlei q4zlgol Eqzl= 49 "Jzl+4.
@ +tsJe+E7l *zl "ll$9l Zl tlfle+ A Hlz'l= E=+.
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x 117-2Ol trl== 'Jrlel g4= I=d/.lg. (?+ 2E)

=I =d
17
o +El6ll^J qlqgql
gs_b s,4.
z3

@ 4^ll rl4ol gx1 g9H fl461= Zl +tri.

@ qlqlge 4^ll4 rlc"l +olzlH 7lE g+.
@ Eg gxle Ezlts.4= 4r- dg "J€- 6ll"t +tri.

@ +€g zlzla- gl-qH +l46tzl e=El.

@ dqlql Aeg + g+6IH €+E + 9+.
@ dql* Aeg gqBl4Er Lq6l]o}6J+.
@ Hdg B trI= ^l4]rJg zlzla- 'J6ll"t drl.

2El ddEEr,,.r IZSS

19
o zlxlE ^l+5E :L++g 6lla6H +lol +Ei.
@ ot+4u]]*41 6llE zl44ot t4.
^l^J=ls
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^l+=qlrll
@ €ql"J=E
^lcge
qr cE *zlggoF *4.

20
@ zlul Tl 914 qqE 4+ 49 glq +Jot *rl.
=^E
@ zlul7l $4 qH 4 $gizl$ 6$oll"F *+.
=^E
@ xluJE qBCg 7l+)+71+l6ll^J 6lloF +^l6lrll ++.
@ zlul9 g:"l
^^_E
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=ej+loF

N 121-221 trtS= Egotl g.-ld^le. (?+ 2E,)

=r
21 'JrtE
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@ .]]$$$E Bflulzl ul& S"14.
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@ "t1s#9l4l zl4xlzl Eg E+ol 4= 49 +zl ?+4.

2, =g
LI|E'E g"Jg aE z=c.r.rg.
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@ d+ql^J * 4 5"J "l]$FEqlzl + + 1a flo14.
@ "ll+rE"E€- zl*4zl gllEzl g:eH r+14= gl4.
^lHE

2541 cnapter 2 ad-E9-r.^t

N 123-241 trl=E #0ll =J6ld^l9. (?+ 2E)
=u
23 'Jrl7l +a= 6lr. 9l=rl "+= A= r=d{e.
e +d+ zl"Jg +l- 914.
@ z16l€ E+
^lzl9 E-r. 9l+.
@ +=+ zl*9 +"Jg *7 9l+.
@ +€E 4lr eil-= +E6ll- 9+.

L||Eo.E "J= ztrg z=llAl9.

==
o r}tsqqrl zl%}9 *g + 99 4"14.
€) gile.l +lil= +49],zloJ 7l%le s9+.
@ q+€e *"tztfl TlHlg EEJES + 9lEl.
@ tszlb 7l',JE -s"Jg x|.\lal €E"llol +tr}.

125-261 trt== =J6ld^l9. (?: 2E)

=z ==ofl
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==
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%lr+
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@ xl-g q+
^l+g $"llr €.r^lrJg Ffl+.
@ "l=f9 €+ 445 +16ll F-nl1z3g HA}R+.

2El ddEelr^l 1255

 TOPIK N

N 127-281 trlg= E=oll g6td^l9. (?+ 2E)

=r
27 qrlTl 'Jrtoil4r "J6t= orEE.]r.=d^re..
e.tlq+ dA €zF= "Jr dq^J
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@ cEc.J +^J"l tla zl-b*^l gjr 4q^l
@ tL+E 44 zIzJ& *Azt E+ 4 4 ol q q
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28 =g q|ESE "J= a= l.Ed^le'.

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@ cE^Je qrH"l g+qE cac + 91tr1.
@ Bxl= "lH elzl zl€._e__tr tlffig CAq{+.

x [29-30] trl== g6tC^l9'. (?+ 2E)

=l' ==otl
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30 ==
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^l+Eql+
@ "J4lezl g^J +^lg +^les € ullE ?14.
@ "J4lezlzl 9l!- ql^Jg zlp!e-+. C-La1o; ajq.

256|cr'apter2€EE9L^t
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32 qrtel EI|-EE "J= 4= zed^re.

o t]-qlg Eag +€4eE +€:61r. 9lr+.
@ +€ €Hg 6lq t'-qlg Eaql 4q 5=t4.
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@ t'-qlE gag "J€4q ad^H4l zl41g gag ql^1134.

x [33-34] trl== -J6ld,tle. (2+ 2E)

=z ==0ll
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@ q+g ol^lql olslg "J4flzl"J E"JqZl Eolg A SH+.

2Et €E-EE-Z * lZSl

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o 4.219 ^]] 49 e" EaE 94.
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@ 5^lE €:,qcg q€6lJ. 9l+.
@ xlTl+el9 €-s-€g €B6la !lEl.

36 E= LttE=E *= 4E redle.
O 4zlE + €^J 4trJ / H^J €"194.
@ +4 +^] 4floJ +q+ + 9l+.
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@ 4^lq +q6lElH da^l= 4l=dlot +trt.

x [37-38] trtfi= EgtEEf.eJELltrt. E EL E=oll =JotC,\lg. (?+ 2E)

37 'J^tel g4E re#^le.

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@ olqrl*E=e Eag 4rll*xl ?+= a"l ++.
@ E^lA€:"l + qqol Erll= u}^le- + 9tr1.
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@ q^l+=q4l= r+g 44g
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38 LI|EET gil6t-= z1g z=flrle.

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9421tr
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@ +C4?l E+lzl= IrJs= aZ +E tl^F="]+.
@ d+q^-l elrp5ol + qzl ?+-9B
ol+ +;<l ?*9 "J"l ^8rJ+.

2SSlCnapter2ddEga^t
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39 ol gil gol q1EoE g*= 7i= rEd^le.

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@ ^Eql^E +A4:re ^J46lH dxll Hl*ol
g+{+.

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N 141-421 tr-l=S 3g!gLlE-l. E EL E=oll =J6ld^l9.. (?+ 2E)

41 'J^tel
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42 =g LHEut git6t= ,i= rEd^te.

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2il ld.E.elr^l 259

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43 ol oloFTlol
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45 ==
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@ -z€xl= E+9 l=61+= + "Jr 9lq^J sl^lql "15"14.

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e t'-ql%lE 9aq +E;lAl Hlqlola 9l+.
@ Aeg F6]] xl4l9 gag +z}6la 9l+.
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apu;-r1 +=61 €86'fr ?l^l"J olqel 4+Eg g+ dTl+9 trf
=aJ

Tlgoll tr]|Eoll q:.J^loll EEol El^l ?lrl. oleJ E= dH

=4 =0l7l7l = =dfr.
q:dol ofLlal qgrlel +oJ, EJZ Eollsr HEJoI El-I.
46t71 +l6H 'L[ trJ
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a€qgol ql= qg EJzeg= "Je7l^l ?j=rfzLl
^|. ^l4r.Elfl+. =q =oil
E^loJol gg6l= +HJg^= 0lE6l.= a 501tr|-.
^l=JolLf

C +A+qg 7l+ €+ol +€q63ol+.

91611

@ +€q6Jg ++4 TlEg 56I^J + + 9l+.

@ +"*4IEq ^dtlsE ++zl9 €zll E+ gd6lr 9l+.
@ +€q4g += EE 4zl €€* *g 9l+ 4o1zlr alr|.

33 rnlqE9 -Er?J= +l6H oJ^.| ,\I^EJ= Egdfal= E+7f =Jg6lzl Tlg

=iH
rf,-d 7l^la_ flq^l 7t|?]=
=
01tr1. &aJEltrl rll +
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,\l8ol traldlr rlel +E7f Huleq FlS.cl-€EJ6lr ?JEalzl n]|Eoll
?lE.f.
^lE
"J4e.c; trl ++-d -E?J ,l.llEJo+ gTfElr 9l+. gse ?l^l lll'J3 I
=i1
EfEEgtrJ olLlal +9 3B,\l€olLl d^ftfzeH, dETlE 50lls =JE=J aol+.

C +zll "J^l :.uleEol +*tr1.

^llflg ^l++
@ +,ll= ^l*=g +E6l7lql "J*e d^jl ++lol+.
@ +ill "J^l r-ute-s.ql'J 4+E 9l€o14.
^llHe
@ +zll ql^l ^l^Hg
zl$"Jal z.l:-flBQ +++ PEol '*4.

278 i chapter 2 €dEel.r.^l

 Er. ee= -g +E 9t= 0l^4 ol=HlolE7f 43JEz ?Itrt. -d+trJ
=E =E-d
+=oll^l= Zxl q:g= trJ= oleHlolE= +6|.= str-ld= g ql€oltf. "JqF Z
d"JElE "J+=sl SE4 g^loll +oJ8-g.-+ EJE6I-X| Erl. sE oJE'lLJ!
^le =trll
ol^l= rH^l?lll zJal6t= ofeHlolE-E ?ltrl. Hlr.4 =J :d= gol.J]. j -g
=7lE
,e.4^l:dol
+ ?lol^l LrEfr. -drl. of-=ulole-=. +4 EJEloll =J + ?l
^|fl^l7l
7l n|l=oll 0l{ o1=6;01=o; e8E3 Eil trl Eoftr ztretr _H.?.!trl.

ol=HlolE=
@ A^)
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O oleElolEE AH9E_ "JA HJg + 9l+.
@ {q";43 o}su}olE= 6}EJH 4^l Azlqo} 6J+.
@ "JEl'n +qlolzl +el ol=ulole= LJ+ l€ 9"14.

x [35-38] trl= +rllE 718 g"JE a= !=C^lg.. (4 2E)

=e.l
3Dg=olafr. ?l-d6lr. rlaJ-z -d= g= ,\FJ tt|Coll e+
^l=77lrl= =al=
0l 6l= 4?71 LJ?ttrl. raJql goB= 3Dg=01 olLlal-E E^l=
^tg..al7l7l
alqn --Jrf. E|lE4?] qle r+E_+ _9.=a= +71 ?lrf. 4= €+el gEql =
qefl =
d+El= 6f0ltrt|,\ -EEE= Eq zozoLloll= sJd +
^lEo-+ ="JE7f
?let -g Zlelolalr -dEl. uJelE +g6H^lr. d+E Ze.l gt01^14,!^ltrJ ?]^l= +
zgE Al-Jol Ll+ 4t+6hrl E=nt? Tl4l0ll trJal ,'.FJol € rlalTl
^falrlHlalE
fi.ol^lzl El= a3 olu^l E =4,!trf.

e ao E+ql= E*"1 9-ea1r1.

€) r-+E-tr- s+A= +"Jel * 9,9-21 94.
@ xl-FEl,zlzlY *4zl +96lr d+E 49 s.4.
@ tr-+ 7l€9 EBe oJTJtrlTl.rlelzli {ol +q€+.

25t lrEEr \ lzlq

36 ^FJ=3
qE rqol -PjOl =J4=^l= Er? B]= rqE dejafzlE 6fr., -pje
^FJol
Egar= -*1Al HTIE -.Jrl. olriS trl+sl +?l FJ==
=01."-f= ^l.T.lolLl
oE rfaf6lal= dalTf lFEdl.7l ttt|Eoltl. ralEjl ^lg4
+Gdaloll T.!
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^l7Pl ^FJ?.!^l
E+al^l -eJee1fl 7l!r l3 6ltrJ ,ig E*L -Je.zl ?lcl.
^ltrloll ^l+l= =ol-=

o ++9 EAql qeH €461+.

@ rl*ol4E ++ql4l+ ++d4zt 914.
@ +Hdl=
^lqql 4= ^849 S {#z} $4.
@ ++crlql ,.l+4^J €ill^Jg $zl g*r+.6lloF +rl.

37 ta.l "fol _=.ts rlE gE|.| r4_+sl sJE= ol.+ g.eH E+EJ -d+oJel # +
=?]
oll 'J+01 flfl+. E= 1!= rllLf r== 'JE= rJl +E eJE
=qq
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^l€iElflrl..
E=eJef, trl_+dH^oll :e_al7l ?tr -BfE.
=.-4+EJ,
Eq" E-d +Edl|,\l 42J0ll 0t|+ olErf. d=oll= ErH, el.Ar-E, el+ E trlg-d=+l
^jl
Eol THHJqq^l q.4 Hltt Tf4ollE Ze= ++dlts {HlrlE-=ol El ?lcl.
^faJ=

O -F?l5g g-e-e dg zlg €a 94.

@ +E zJl+E ++= Ee r4"3=a1zl 9++.
@
g+e
C+g ^t+-J rll+3 7l4ol ul$ €o14.
@ rJ+ql +e +E= s4C+q ++"Jg S4 +416ll gr+.

280 chapter 2 !dEg-r.,\[

 e.= +4 gAoll 0l0l=01 tl Ejol trl Ll3trl. ofHHlef 0l0l7l q"J= EEI

=q ^l+
Ll^l +UE ezl6H^l E= E+, gul S.0l oldnlel E ol= E?Jel
^lE =ol ^lLH=
0l0F7l0ll ,\lEEol e=r 91trf. xl"J6lxl +d-d E+raJoll q+il
^ld^l=ollzl
8LJ+al7l=el +"Jfi,= E+3 gdlal ddal1l 'Jol=q*trl. E-d t+6|'= oluul
el E+oll^J fl=e1 ,J5= E=tr[. #E4 rt|trlaf= F Elal ETtl= E+ El3 olal
HJ+=3 E+-LaJolzf= EeTil^l gr fl+.
^l=tl ^lEt|oll =tefa1
e €q"Jg ++= ololgol +4
@ g"le].ol"lEg olo}Tl= .Jzlzl=9tr1.
s.4.
@ olnlg+olol$ol +s= B*"1 rldxl,Eg gl+.
^l=Jg H-r
@ zj=41 ololgol r+s=
^l4ql =4Ig tlej6lzl +l6ll^J "J+g ^1419!4.

x [39;-41] trl= (e.z;;"; 718 g*3 7=d^le. (?+ 2E)

=oll^j =€l01 =q7t710il ==
39 z3tl7l q4g ill|= ( e ) reJEll f,= 7l^l Il|Ee
^l=01 =/l =ol=+. =
e6lal 847l0ll 0H=01 +€01 ?ttf. ( O ) 2J7l7l Ex]lEE F=
=7f-zftrf=
14 =J^El, ElLl.\ZE, EJEHaJoI ?ioltrl. ( @ ) olal glE=
ol E|J=01 9== 4= ^+el €Ef6l =qU+= 9116l= ar o;.qa aJ^qol+ ElLl,\
=?37lef
zlEi f,g= rEl=-=. aolafr -d+. ( @ )

ee @e
@@ @@

2Et €dEEr.q lZAt

 TOPIKII

40 ''! ?l=5801 Ll+ "JZLf LJol otzollE +^laJ E+3 AIEH

=6H'aJ ^lLf^lZl
7f +^lEl= EA= TfalZ+. ( e ) 4=e gaf '+= +E6f^l oo-u
^l/\IIJol
=6H
d6r-= 6f^l 0F:.J€ q0l E5!71= 6l^l
=6|._r. =Ee ^f'-JolLt ^llEl|E =6H =+
€EHZlTl -il.aJE+. ( O ) "! 86Hel g-doE^.| 7|-8 EHE4oJ 401 g6f=ol
"Jol^l Eol Eol^l ?i1l El= E'$oltl. ( @ ) ^fE SEt|el 'JdEe E?ts-+
+d Tt|el Eaf 36|.+7|- EE6l4l H?]tt. ( @ )
E

"-l^l'J "l E6H7l TISEJ ^lqoll^l= Soffzl E-"1

e.olrl ?J= ae q?J
o-tr + ?t= EE-=. oH+ -Lr€EJtrl. =E,
=
ee /a\ /i)
fA\ fA
\1// \7
,)A

( o
gal :g4?Eg
41 +^l= d=Ela 9l+. )
^ll4t^l=E
E
^leFoil ^l.Eol
gzlT.! gsl-= +^lZ-e fr71= Ell Ze4= +rf6l-r. ?Itrl. ( O ) -d+oll^l= +
-t.+ EH449E g-dtrl. ( @ ) eE zoLl LJ^l 871
^l=oloFtrJe =g6lE =E
0l 7lE-drlltrl. E= +q= d=dl7l rr|lEolrf. ( @ ) 371 tt|lE
^ll4tHl ^l=01
oll +q d== +l6H^l= HJE^I 3E A+7f E.€lEloloF 6lEE dE+89 THZJ
3 HJTlt 4^l0ltrf.

EN

+^l= T|HJ trleJElcl dE=€f=01 ++ Tt|zJqI+.

^l€E ^f=
ce @o
roa
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!+, l-/

2821 Chapler 2 ddE9n^l

142-431 trl= B.lr E=oll -J.-ld^19. (2+ 2E')
==
LJEO| Eo|.eJ+. -d
F t-J-fel 6lE gEol 7lEH6ltrJ
=01 ^lLl7E =01 ^lLlztrl. ^l7l7l
Hlel 4= HH^lEl= OlLl-d 4=E += aol g.gtrl. olLlrl, +e+E
=6lHtl.
clE E-= 9ltl. 'J= =+ ^laJtrltrl
olEtll r9 'JEe Ealcl dPJ +trl. ralE^lE clrl?.!
xl
=Eol= ==
f;S51 doll €Cg,ol ++ 4= HTIE 6|-I !E= HJ^|iE= +A=
/./.T:E
=oltrlutrf.
'^.lej= ,iol =E g"Jol= E!E=
61 trl. #"J +rl zlolTl Htrf olLH= .A,\+ ol=lzl "-fl4u1tr1.
rE +q rlLlrJrl. '_JEel 6l= ge' E -d _=.gtolgtrl. -d 7l^l tri -d ae 4q_e ,J= -d+
=
+l= a#Olgtrl. ral_r. ++ 9l= Fol g=€ tr1^l grgtrl. Ee LFJOI +ol Llztrl.
= '++ =col
4€01 9l=r?'
olLH= rfafrl 6f1l Elfltl. 6fr= r qfl ziE e=alzla *71^lE 0t|= ]Htr|-.
=C= =
E + 9l= rt|E :o; g80ll ",!LJ HJrl 7l^l= E4l 6lq lE rg ,J? 4E "J=gtr|-. raJ
iraJE g.0l '_JEg g",.tol g.+ 6lq az;r= € E^lE grgt*trl.
-E H =Jol ?lEl E+ Er E troll Eol 9ltl. €= LJtrl. gtrl=
^lLliltrl. =g=
-Ege_e Elu+, afutrf dlHtrl.
==f6lE

"J= r! +Eotl LlElu o[L1o; cgo..E g"J- a= uEd^lg..

@ +rd+ @7lv+
@ 4C-l+ @'J+^H+

0l
=el 'J? 4= 7=flrle.
LllEaI

e ol4E *€qlrll 44+ vl{Ll.

@ ++=:dlq4 9l4zt H g d +^l "J*tr}.
@ H€e ++g e4 +,r.l.Solr Eg € H+.
@ olrllE f-xlzl +ol^J + Ee B€e +gol g"l 44.

2Et ddEEr.rr lzag

 TOPIKII

N [44-45] trl== elr -J6lC^19. (?+ 2E)

==0ll
rlElLl 5E0l g7l7lE d?l 0l+ 9a,! fl'Joili ztl?4cllTl. 14 501 aftrllol 715= H
.J:dflrl. EolE,tl s=oil= ( ) alqlTf 'HlEioJ'
olall ^lEH7l ^t|EE =€i:iltl.
=Ee. €rll Ee
7l8El.E1l= glE'lLJl0ll ttl-Ets ofLl^ltrJ ?J^1171 7l-E;61tr|-. HIE
a?.!3
=al= el^lLl 7t|?lol Eg6l^l ?Jr. Z+Elotl EttElcl 9tE Ee +el7l ot
=€
6lrllel=
^lE^l=E
olal-d HlEi?.!oll tt|-d d"J= a4l9-.2Ji;lr 9l+. --J -L.E eEl-+
= ^l0l7f 9ltl.
At +8^f= al4lE,\lel gd 7|.ts€01 gl+r. HIEJ-d UE ?lElLJ! ,tJul,r.e1 aJalEJ +E ?llt
e6lel ze4g HlEi?.!oll +^l6l7lE =qI+. 4l= El+oll^l= E6fE ?l€6lrl gjr
=
E +€6lG zl^llalfltl= HJE= ^l{le
^jlfltrl.

ol +rilE g"J- A= rEc^lg..

=el
O ul=a?lg gd zl-b^dol $.+.
@ elqlE gdes ElEaoJol Felq{+.
@ +eilS= ^l]sg sJ-€I, ul=="Jol €.atil4.
@ "14 4+= ule7o.l o E
^ll+g B + 9lE+ tltrl.

45( )oll
=ol=
L]|EoE 71E|. g"+e a= r=dlle.
e g+"J {zll$ol o}g
@ g +E, "JA +E fl=
@ ZEg F^l+ tlldg +lo}
@ q^lql^J ,H+. +al6l=
=€

284 | Orapter 2 dd-Eelr.^l

N 146-471 trl== 9.lr E=oll =J6ld^le. (2+ 2E)

E|]g E= i4tr1. EE ?J riz E ltcll "J6f=Ae E^l ?+= 7lq6f^l A

^f=JP =6|-=
"J Eoltl.. ( e ) E+^loll qaf ?l7l= 6l^lU oH"J += E 7lStll 1% €EH+oll
^fol7l
pttt. ( e ) ?+= gcl*lal^l ?ieE -.J€rlel +Eol 0la1?l^1^l
zlgolrl
=-Lftrfl =aJ=
gee + fl71 rr|]=olrl.. ( e ) rJal +zloll,\l= E= 7lqol -H.-r. ?trf. d'J "J
^l|8o_=.
cl'J golLl Ht|E A= gEU Ase A0l Hle Eoltl. olttH ll0ll^l= 0lrl
^t|E ^t|861.=
7lq-d €Eef Sg.E il46HLl?J €H= +Atqe E=-zftl. ( @ ) r=lzl 6H^l r
^HEE
EHT! cl,E €-H?!^l= t|.|IdHLlTl= Aolq..
=+9

46 fl =oil^l (H7r)ol =or =ol7l7loil 7lE g"J= a= red^le..

?]J171E= qqqal= ol+= zEa1c1.

cc @o
@@ @@

47 +l
=et
LHEat ,J= 4= r=d^te.
o ^l+E=g'li"J #g +a EF 719+rl.
@ Eg += F"J €eg cB= q6lxl 9+=q.
@ #e cge_l Tlq€- +41+le uI$ uule_z] 4lr8alE 4col4.
@ #g €+61= EF El]g += #E E 17"E 7lEe4.
^l+5e

2Et ltEEarr lzas

 TOPIKII

x [48-50] trl- g.lu E=oll -J6lu,\l9. (?+ 2E)

qdel flal sl+P gdel 3+-d aSal 6 olLlHl, ?.!+71

^lu ^ll7loil =r! ^fEl ^lE
6lr ?l= 5A zlrll dt|=E +.16H trtH4o-e EJe6l+r ?l€t+-.,:. 9lcl. q€== E
Erl( =Eg ), sl,\f=€oll trtqdl= Ell tr3 ,\lz= Frl6f_r. fleq roll ulE
r4"J= ?lrl. 7f+€l4 +r= d trE ,\lal^l-I. glrl. 6f^l"J 2012L1 -d d
^lr. ^ll4l4o.E
E7ltrol gE-d €E=^l+= 1547H= qqql^lE €E 4^l- +=ol Ed^l^l ?ir ?lg
=7l+
E -u.q=+. OECDoll E6l| tl=E "! dE ^l+= ^lEol C-d +7lq qd rE
^lEl
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g Hq=+. d^lE4?l Hzl fl?lg 401 +r6t|ot -dtl; =:Er
^fEl+Hel

I fl +
== =4oE
g"J= A= r=c^re.
O qCE fl4zl ol+q9+g "J4zl 9"11
@ sxll4 ?l CE 4^tE xl"l= +46lz1 9.l6tl
qCq bqol
@
^lsl "Jdq +f,6-J dg €B6171 9l6tl
@ c€€€ fl* ge6lrlr_ +e}6l7l g16l]
^lsl4 l=qol

49( Eqe
)oll HEo-= g"J= ?i= rEC/.l9..
O zlrloll d+6lr @ xl4l9 bqg,'.lpa]-_r.
@ zl€91 +d6ll- @ xl+19 "lql= El4l 'JEr

50 "J= rj +Eoil LrEru oJrrer E|IEE g"+= a= uec^rg..

e CrlHg'.r-J qC# 54611 9l+.
@ €zlp4e Ht+
^lsl+Hql 5a6l_n 9l+.
qc rs"€9 4xlql er=6tr. gl+.
@
='zl zl
@ c€# +l.J g"J +Eg ++611 9l+.
^lsl4

2861 cnapter 2 ddeE?^l

 ttgel r^l
eR?E_? trlg= Erll= -H^ll-"
=71 =eE^l =q

gq(1fl ^- 50fl) rlz,

=71 ^l
8-J "!
oo=
432+
I
"-Hd
N h-31 trl== g"Je (?+ 2E)
=r =aJE.LEd/\lg.
1

3il tdEEr.^t )297

 TOPIKII

4El 4El +HlaJ

^HlaJ

-d=q ztrl :d+el

@ 4El
^HlaJ t?l(kg) ^HleJ
6
-l -."
cl Ae
r',

3
2
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288 chapter 2 tdEel-r.,rl

x [4-8] trlE E]|EI= € Ez ololtr + ?l= "J= u=C^le. (4 2E)

@ A+Elrl r4l *+ Eqle.

@ 446141 61]EEJ 4l+'Jq+.
@ 4 {Hzlq 9lg qq + 4.olE^lle.
@ 4zllzl 4 "Jztzlt)zl e!,lzl $rJa|,\le.

o r+"J€- geJ Eg elo}4gs.

@ x]E olol-A]HS €"lEr!4.
@ "Jrb *91= gql rl"Jgq+.
@ "Jr= ^] + Btlrs #a+q+.

e += ^J"J rd +ei"l €ol.

@.ll"J +rJ 4]aol € *eE +A+.
@ +E r +B fl=ql e*q.
=g-qn
@ += olfl $zlq gEE ol"H= $$ 4ot.

e "lzll Aql7El7l +4lg gqElHqe.

@ zll4l +41F zHzl 9l_e_r-l gBJEgZls.
@ q+e d+a+71= E^ll7l qr 9lqs.
@ +r]++ oJzlglE= txll4 "Jg + 9lqs.

3Ef €deE.r.^l 1289

 TOPIKII

8
r e +ag 6l+ ^lr. dq,e_.
@ qqH Azt? a qrl4lz|e!
@ aJ H zl BqI rJ4 6"l9le.
^lE
@ ql r4E fdol gs9!=q1..'.,. +^t*q+.

N [9-12] El€ E]|EI-= E Ez qrfTl 0lol^l -d =dEe.E g"Je 4= ?=d^l9.. (4 2E)

9
e "ld +g ^lg+. @
^la9l aa}= ao.
@ eqql zlr.J s_#g 84. @ gqg -H--r. $zlfi qt+q.

10
o zlal€ ]=dE= *"1E4.
@ E*slttql d+= aq +E6Jtrt.
tri*el= A4++.
@ .AE1EE$- 4^J
@ A+q= 4a d9tldql d+-J+.

11
aolg 4O.
@ +"JClEl9l
@ s7l +gq A+= aq.
@ +"JdlEl EElrdq E"5d4.
@ +"JdlEl +qlolxlql
=qzlq.

2901 chapter 2 ddg9r^l

I
12
@ €5-+q E9++.
7l^J
€) eEl"Jlee ELJ= ++++.
@ sflq +rJdq dq€ a4.
@ 4H+71 qq flExl,"J"lE4.

x [13-16] trt== L]|Eat gil6F= 4= ?=#{e. (4 2E)

=a.
13
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@ q-n. E^J+ql 4l+5=0l glqot ++.
=qzlej{
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@ qlr- E^J+ql^J HIE glq€- + gltrl.
^l]E +g 4€-

@ rt"Jflzl E+ fl rJ+e)71 9lrl.

@ qlr}'Jql^J €E+= tl€e
4o14.
@'ll+ gEl€ tl€61= ^l+ol 9l+.
@ +71+Bsl= 2^l7J €."J Tl4gtrl.

3El gdEEr N lzqr

 TOPIKII

15
o +rztE 10LJ FoJ ^ll4l= q4*+.
u"JE9
^lAol 't+.
@ aJ=f
^l4ldq=
@ olH
^lTldg
olH + freolzlzl gfltr}.
@ 4zlb Zl+ gts+ zl+ g# Eq*+.

16
o Bzl= +'Jul+ ,l4ql^J *€g +El.
@ dgg zle.lql=+'Jql q^J=ol E++.
@ +^lg=€ 611 9l= q}^de Eol+.
^ll
@ +"J H"i4 4ql7l= zl4; rl*E"l ?14.

N 117-2Ol trl== g4= .!.=dllg. (?+ 2E)

=u 'Jrlel =C
17
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@ +4+4 zlar'l=. Bzll-4 4zlzl q E++.
@ zlEg 446l+ el 9lq CHe ^Jo]]E"l "lqq.
^l*=g atg
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18
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O "l-E"l gEtrl zl*z\ €=tr}=

@ "l-E"l d"Jg olpolzlo| flr+=
@ "l-54 gg ++6ll *g + S,tl=
@ gol =-3 * E ^ldg Tlot +trt=
o

310l Chapter 2 €de9lll

 €cEHH=oil ( ) *+*J-d Er}|?l 'J ]t, E+, Et= - tlH= a= +=J
71H71+a -d+. +zJ3 -ElEl Ltol"J= z|lEol 4?J= 7|fl:ilrl. +aJzHTl= E+
^fUe.l trJaf=
?^aJ(=7lol g=Jol Lf^l Enlollll:.J6H*rL !E-dzfl= rrl| ''4r'6f
=E?J =
ts 4a1q1 +t+t=ot Eaf E"JZElr Eflct.

o ^l"l-= gE-^lzlzl f.loll,<J

€)+ 6119 4?t& Hl= Fql^l

@ Ll"l= EEI E=+= Fql^l
@ !-EBoI szl$ zlflt;lzl914^J

55+E +g=oilx| +E + t= HHE:iItrf. FE ++13 dt?, +1,

^lE^l7f ^1+Ll
OfrH7l -Erol7l ttHEoll 80t|=01 E Hq $doll I'J6l f,q6l7l ttHEoltrf. HJE gHJ
?,$= HlaJol Eq g= TlE:l^l EIE ( ) +l:d€01 Af=J6l tstrt.
^1E^l=
olH 3g= +E +tl -EEg rl44o+ +tH-dtrf= Zleloltrl.
^lH ^l4r.e_+

@ q^dEol s6l|l Er +q
@ iF.Jdql ql+ 9zl"l qE"Hrq
@ ilE4"J €aJ€- "14
^lq ^]6lql
@ t}ol]E-ol+ it?* 5ol Eol^l eFl

ser erre-r lst t

 Blz ESo1 =Jold^le. (?+ 2tr)
3E "Jztrl= 4l^1 7l?ol qLJoll Hl"-tf 5E7FJ Egttrl. ( ) 4g j^=oll
ofel jil^1 7le0l + Eolfitrl. .Jnl7f ,J^l7l +qTl aolqr. ole oJ6H =g+gl7t
l,OOOha olarE
.+E7l7t trldfl= E"Jolrl. gol g6t|= gGl 9!E + g{71 rrflEoltrl. ,Jd11 qIHJE
+1"-l| 5El=3
= =d=
+Eoll Ue= d^l6l= E trlgFet SH= 4I. 91tr|..
"l+

19( )oll
=q=
gFe a= r=#^l9..
@ r4E @ r4^J
@ zdrJl @:rBZl

20 fl
=el
LltEzt'Je a= rEd^te.
@ *C++lE *g 4i.zlzl sl6l]= E9t+.
@ sgql^J 4gE 'Jqrlq
=lxj zJgol k"ld4.
@ +H €14"1 zlzlzl +9jxlH 4+zl g,l]= "lg + H+.
@ tstil q%lg 96ll r+g++ +Hg rrl*614l dl= ae +zl g++.

3l2l cn"o,"r 2 €d.E.9r.^t

N [21-22] trl= 9lr g6ld^le. (r+ 2E)
== ==0ll
lzl zStl.jal
"J gE|1sl g=01 glq+ EdblE,\l olef +aJEJ El^l=ol 3g6f
I ?lrl. rlz
=4
rl?^lB gHJ lsg+E ^lg6lz1
'JE +B"J+LI d=sl
=4 "J== =+714fl^loJ =
4 "J=3 88HrJ0l 7l5el +"J7|- 'J"J. E( ) Ea|E ZE6lr 9l+. I
tlzl zlTj-a ql+ HJTJ= rle =€"J
gJofEElol^l
Gulal^l 'J "J= ^l/.lEHEo._e =JE6l=
o | 9,{trf.
^Hl^lE
=r
21 ( )q Eqe g"J3 A= r=d^le.
@ +"J+ €qis
@ +"J'J €qls
@ ++l-J EoJ o E
@ ++l+ ug-zle_tr.

22 fl =q =c a4= z=cle.
e A B q^L=ol il96l!l A^g6tn 9lq.
@ "JHl €B €4E +4 *Eol 9q.
=r
@ €ql?lE=e +€+ *4g dEap 91u1.
@ A €qg q'4 BE"l 9l"i+ F6l6lr 9l+.

3it ddE.et-z^t l3l3

N 123-241 trt= 9lr E=oil =J6td,\le. (4 2E)
==
Ll= cl^1| +=J E^4 _E_z eJrl. C5+E E445 #7|-
=6Foil^j =-d7f =EE
-Jr 1$7f EIEo|J*E .Jl
^1trJe.l
oHEJ= 9l+. +al trJ= -d(,lHel €^lEEj olLlal
=+el
fl= A0l+. EJ44q15 Tl#rl ^JE!=el
*8, E^lef 6t|+, EC, qf,, E= +of ?lrl.
Eql rltr TlHLl EJa45 Azlil ^lg, =ol
ol=olLfTf= aol ol.Llflrl. zJ?_4=E ,=rl"=
'gul+' =^l^j"J
osl +g^H= ._req aE= I|Jtr|?lzl "J=cl7lr ?tfltrl. ^l=oil= olalEf E+l7l
oll 436f^l *:iltt. dlrloJ LfE 'grt|+'
xlnl E -:'r Ol^riLl
lol rL . =
-vt=4

23 E= +E'il LTE|,LJ 'Lr'er c€eE g*s 4= re#^re..

o old+
@ +4q
@ ++61+
@ +ZB+

24 fl =el LflEzt ?J= 4= r=c^te.

e *a45 ol€9zl= +€olq.
^4#"1
@ += gqlElceE +^4 +€g H9l+.
@ *t4ql= "l4 zlzl +€5ol +ol 9l+.
@ += zl++El +^rl +g +9l7lql 4+e{+.

3.l4 | cn"o,"r 2 €r-Esln^l

N 125-271 trt= tlE 7l^lol 4l== 7tB E €g-d ,l= l.ed^le. (4 2E)
25 €EJ:E. E^Ll hl +€| floJ ... 7lq+
^16f

C ArHg 7lq q zltlzl Exllol+.

=
gfol ul-.<lE a^H=9 Hzl +tlg+.
@ +E=
@ 9= +tl^lzlzl $e=j$ €=J+E= Eqot +tt.
@ €Bol r*ol EqzJ &ezl ai$Eg H= +tl^lzlq.

26 Z€^f 6l|elTl= Eoll sl+cl ?]al '+l:el E'

e ?€rt9lrj= E+q= +dl= rl*"1 +e €+g HJr 9l+.

( dllelE Tl=61= a€^l-=g zlgE"l 6lle.l +g€- +jl 9l+.
^lEl-=-e+El
glolzl4l q9q.
@
"llel-e d=6lr^l *6lH a€^L=ol "llelE 1l=61= $ol
@ ,J4^l7l
"lle-le- 4l=6lH^J E+q= +61= ^l+ol
+l+ 4dg ts4 q9+,

"Jd+ 1Etr r,UH EiJZ 'Eg'

@ ,lH ++aol rlr.lqr- glq.

@'lgql Bda5ol Ettl{ a€qr 9l+.
@ gd^E"l a€qq ,IE €+Aol sgqr 9i+.
@ Bdrzl rJ€qq qlLlzl ++ol ggqlzl1 9i+.

3El ddEel7,'.t lStS

x [28-31] trl== 9lz ( )0ll Ll|Eo+ 7El g"Jg A= rEC^le. (4 2E)
=ol'J
28 Fr.zP Ht|+rl+ +E 6flot gl rtrJ At=J= ololofiZl +zJ4_e.E 6l
^FJ=ofl]l
4?71 glcl. +s.zl Ea6H Hol= €d40e. elrl6f= a
=
olrf. 6f^lEi ==dlz ^lLloilll
q^l +Eoil4l 34 +alr #r qe gr #3 trf:=ol ?lEf.
^lLl
ra1il ( ) q==sl fl^J gtrlll El= olol= dA_zr +ofl_E
El=g E EEolxl ^f€=
^l+lel =-dtrf.

o rJ€g s€+ ill

@ tlBg tszl 9+g,tl
@ trl€-g 714
-+
@ q++ ,J4& += ilt
^H

29 7|.|?l=ol r|l-d EZ= trl+6.1q qE E

^€LllE+lz^JHl4(SNS)= ^f6lEll0il
dq +iJl7f E + ?l= 'J= Eq +fltrt. .-frl"J r trFrr+oll H|6H^J +€et
z=4 --J 7le)l +€01 Eral4.J 45= 96lai "J"-Hdl= 'J+s. gltrf. olE^fd?.!
6l| SNS +doll g== LZ /.l€^llol .r,..s olEaJg
trAr5. q+Lfr
91tr1. SNSOil trlE#= !z oul =ol=
(
) SNS +OIqE=
6'lr ?l= Aol+. ^lE^f=ol

@ sNs
^JHl^ql^J E-q4BlEl=
@ sivs ol+ q^F= Hl+b
^JHl^
@ sls "l+%lg a€6171+ +71^l7l+
@ sNs "l+*g €ol4+ +ZlE 446l=

316|Cnapter2€d-E9?^l
 30 +al d= -"tgol
^|lEoil^l=
€=Jrl-+= +0f= + ?itrf.
=E=rl
-drl= 8)l=
Erl^lzE+. 0l== += t!tr|.. LllTlel elz;o1 ETlFrlE'J OfLlaf +E
el
= =E=3
-dtrf. -d^l E=01= Hl' 4s7lel. 'J"J87l= 6€dl= =JEl q-g= -dtl..
^€= gGlLlE
=
EEd4 -d^l Hl= Eoil^1 E-lzl7l. E+r. zt|J+-d 0l+7|- -d=
I
==01= ^E
n|]E?l aol+.
^l|-E.7I
'JZ ?I= ( )
^l-96tr715

e *zlE Fr+^lzl-L 65-E "*+=

@ B.J*zl= .Jddl|l ts_s$ + 9l=

@ dg rl= AxllE -^.-^.e Hl€ + 9l=

31 rl^fE +80lal EHJ4o+ ?-!^ll LH al+ 5+= *7|-6H 8^lrJoll

=Tl
4E
^^lel
Erfe ?l6H g8-d+. al/.f€: +Alel 60'/.olAfe E=EJ +rJoll J 7lflEJE.fr
:dcf. .r+=sl-+ g.sg=e rl./.l€ =al
+,8oll^l Eals+raJol e9€= ?l^ldH +€61
riol 7l.dl €i9.6lcfz -.Jrf. ol^l=J rl^FE +89 dill TluJ= L1+ Eiol /.IE:6G
=
gq+= 7jol7l rr|lEoll 9l6H^l= i1l+= +^l6fE,/.lE ( ) !=+
^lE=
o l =J96ltl.

O gfl Eerrjql q+6|]zlEl=

@ ^E_=- Eqlql ql"ll ++6lEJ=
@ 4€61 ef4r +^lg.il6iq=
@ ol4q gfl +ls g4ej=
=+g

3al aIEEr^l 317

N 132-341 trl== 9.1r. LHEoI ee 213 z=d^19. (4 2E)

32 EJ4C+= 4+. 4EJ EE fl-+e 8tl6fq EJ^-st+gol 90o/o 018"J d+tf.

z;Ei aEel 1OHt| €E-+ Ijl^ltrJ +zl= aE9 20"/"011Erldltrl. tlHt 7JE)r
tsrl HLI 3aJ+oll rrf= EHl7H.solLl. ol^lalEJ^ Hl|= ,J4 E4E =.r1..
^ll=
-drH EJ^€?el 21242 trAel e+ 6H|] €5re HUI^IEJ 2030L10il= ef Zul ;5
zl-^l .gclE ztrgE qlArEJrl. 0l0ll qal E EJ^d+ /.l83 EEE
^ll4l4o._+
10% 0lArol l€dtol qlAfEJtl.

a) El2-lJ o L
\r/ i,+n tt 1 4+, 4+9 gEE "JEqd+.
@ Ea49E +de "l4ls++^= El]=+rl= 4ol+.
@ Ea'995 ,JeB+ +41= +azl"J aE= E6l+.
@ Ea49= 7l4ol HlAl 49
^l+qzl 9*9 C"Jolr+.

C9jzILJ= 1794?] 'JEa df+ tr^HEat|^l= += q= rll

=^H=01 =Gl=r
9t= ,ieE LfEl'-Jtf. q= E^H +7f ol^lal ae taJllTl= rz16l^l PJ
=#-d
3 ^ ell7l E47l.g6t|E
HJ+EJ A0l +EJ fl?]g-= E6lr. ?ltf. 4l^llHl'JnH7l"l
3? al|nfrl 4-6E +53 6f+ "JtH= +0|. fl4-d Fl 7E +0ll ttlLf=tll
^f+d
ol zlzj /*ell7l tr47f 0l+lxlfl,\l +iaJoll g6t|= "J=tl-= ,i0ltf.

e 4ql7l a^= e^llg 4I+g "J6ll+rl.

@2.4171Ai= 1H + 4-6!.rlololluJ ol+qTlq.
@ l^llHlaullzl= 6lltrlrt 4-6H Aql 9++rlg q\}q.
@ d€zl'JEE zl4q= arll=0l d4 9l+.
=q5r

3.l8 Chapter 2 AdE9r^l

 d= -sfzl
^ tt|+8al IlEl ++gr ?,trl. C=+
= ^1lq6l?lz;- trl^JIEt|=
0l -FJol z+61= etrl^EJolLl
=LlgollXl
pJ== g= EH^l
ErJ=
=€6|-= =e
3?J, ++-d €aJ€01, trl EJ= d?Jg, elEt ee +Er.= TJtrf= trJtrol ?Itrf.
'^11016|+.^'= '7|.+01 of'J El?lzl +Z=
Epa|.i 2;:-'oE_ €^l"J
=^l
r #^l err, trl=q €01_E #3 trrt|?lg q+= E EG=rl. =^lol
==J4olr
o '4lq 6l+4' +4= oo #6lE 4 "14.
714_+
@ sE^gol+
=
+^Jlql= E}.Jr+ +4= ++++.
@ '4lq6l+^'= 6lrll qH gfl€olzl trj ++6llTl+.
@ €rI"JEe {ol go}E +84"J +rJg 4r dgaJ4.

N [35-38] trl= +r{E 7lg g"J= ,J= red^le. (4 2E)

=e.l
Hl=(rFlE)7f4s. 011 -J€^l ge goltl. 'lEafrl grl EZ.=fZLf, +
40lLf SE9 0lo-HzJZl7l "*0f fl-Btot| 7l+= ol+=
=€rzJ
Z?7,'=6t|Tl aol+.
Lf ol=oll EH-d €444 . H4 Ze] gtrl. rE-d olE= Hl€df_e._e _H.= trll
^1fl3
?l^lE 0l== ulE-dtrf. 7f+^llEg HEl.= d gqLl= Egol
^t|4 ^jl4l4ee
7l rr]|Eoll gal zJaJ g4= /.lE6l 7Hd6l= LzJol 9+Etr1.
^l4-o_+ ^llEel

e zl49 €4zl 4*aI4"F f,4.

@ Hls zltg
EC +4€. =" #al4oF t4.
@ uis 7l+ql4+ H4"J xlfl"l glrt.
=-j1
@ Hlg zl+ +€ zllEe+ fl4g zflrjaNo;4-r4.

3El ddEE?,,+ lgtq

36 qE+El clel?l^lE qd=sl )-71E ,Jol7l solTltrl= +€01 ?lrf. 0l=
?3^1171

37lEEJoil AHlCalTl ?l+=J +'+oil H.7l rr]|Eoil 8E# 9lr tsoll EJ El= ElLl.\
7lE= 0lEdH4Hldal= 0l+oll^lg=tll, g4oll^l= trHdgzloll^l olE
^E-dtrl=
4o+ ult-l-,rl=E +=.J,\lZ EJE[|= +C,\lZ4= +8= E^l.I. ?lrf. -EE trl= 0l
+E= 4t3 0f0lEJo=_ 7lEEs.lE l-E6l7l nt|Eoll ElLl-r/=ol EJEHTI
olz0ltrf.
==-drl
=
qEl+E q^J=g 4rg "lolH ".s zlBc++g
@ 4zllzl ^lE6lrll 9rl.
@ qlcg4lql^J= 4zlzl €-+olE 9E4es trlq^7lE_E-+6J^lrJrl.
@ "l ,J E.7l +b86lH rEl c 4 zl xt39 q 4^l\7t 4ol+14.
^zl ^l+=E
@ 44121qEJ+H "Jd=g L4E z)olzl #olxl= aql ql"ll +oJ+ 9dol 914.

37 rl= 48 8=Joll^1 e= qalt= *alz 0lrl= 56H E^ll= 6H=dfz1

++6|.^l
Ea ?lEf. olal-d _=.#3 4aJ^|] 6fLfeE -g + 9t
= ^FJ=01 =+=el =a =
+. qaJ^|1 -d€oll 'J+dl^l Zl+ 018= ++6f= 8EHoltf. 4aJ
=+=3
9E g+
=6l-l-
r=all4E 3-d-g + 9ltl.. EETlEg ol= 6t|A6l7l
^H =+=ol =U,
+l6H^1= tfE +llal= E+= dlr, +E= ?18= Z4l
^lCel =871 ^ll+E^l
HlalHloF -drfr
^E-drl.
C +=&^ll +++e d€ql oJ+61= Alg ++++.
@ uI=J^]] 6$*ol El flErll ol= "J^Jg zlzll ula|_H-a *71ull$ol4.
@ t}=J^l] 6++9 s= zlt}"JEol 4= ++ E"J, r.EEllr.9 +g g"Joltt.
@ zltlq^Jg qe+g olzlg 6llA6lel= ae +=J^ll +++E +^J + 6lLl
=L6ll
ol4.

320 Chapter 2 AEEE-r.If

40 HJaIZ 5g5gx1lE g=el 'E= UE=' ggot+. (e ) gqqal 7H= fl'
*Al 6|l += els_=. ?t^|"J, 43+el ^4e= ?Jal^171 +715= g8= q{l
^l E4s. ol-=al '*r 9lq. ( O ) HJalel +4eE 7l== 37HEaJ olAtE
^l7l=
7H= 9+4o-e 5== 6t|0t -dEl. ( O ) E-g .=.+oll^l 5=Eg
^l ^l€-d
oll HJEdIE flZl 7f=dltrl. ( @)
==ol

AA
\+-/ \-7 @o
\q/ \!t ,)
\f-l
G)
\:/

41 +al r5?J =J=6f^l LH-*4oJ ?lrfz TIE-d

^lal= =-d ^l=J=ollll =^ll7f
trt. ( o ) ralq dal+^l== Lt|-d€3 zz u|'trgzLf r40F -g EEol 0t
Llal-L "J-d+. ( e ) LH-Br4?] +=-d 8tr3 LelIl"J de6El=
^l=J="J9
A0l+. ( @ ) LH-BF4oJ €4 tt]|Eoll HHltr =Jg.;l $,trf. ( @ )
^fTlHl6foll
t!!Gl

oo 61
\?-/
6^)
\:7
r;\ /=\
@@

322 | crrapter 2 €E-Eg-r.^l

N 142-431 trt= Elz g6td^le. (2-: 2E)
== ==oll
+al= 6l+ Egrg qg= nlxlz E.JE raJql qldo-l^l ggJol Eclfi
rf. 'J"lol 7l^la- glts zrse E=Jsl =oleJrl. ==x{E
HJEoI Eel^l pj= aol+. E=J g?Joil qE4 Hl-d7l
E7l rlg EoJ=?fltrl.
?1fl71 n|lEoll
gE +al= E'J eule LHa17l E=J Eol gal^l LJ=^l EcltrL?ttrl. 6.|.^loJ
e]|
^lfloll4l
E trl gq= Elo-|.^l +al7l AIEJ= €E6t= aol Gle1fl+. E'J Elfl EEi +q
=6|l ^j-d
olatr "JotErll ++ g= 6t=^l €+61 got== +7t s.srl. ofnf a=J qlE TlrJol e=
olEzf^lHE|-a a15 ,i e3ql rElrlE dEj6fzl gol=- aol ofLlflrl.
,J^l7l gg 7|-al+. trrH E?] C=qg olal EJ=J-L| "JE =J:x{trl= aol Ll+
=EOl =oll
IlaJfl+. 'JE= Ll0llzl E g g.= ?iolzl? "J6|-q ot|ul d+-Et= +^l6fal :il^ltrJ =JEJpl
7l^qol q+flq-.
"gE E+Ei *^f. E0l g.Gl^lE :d+o_=.
aE:dELlzl." 'JE3 ol=lzl "J6fq
=ol.7f=
+tr= 4= += Eol-e +1?.!7|- 471 +lE EqezlE Bole Eg= rd^J E=J
^lAr:drt.
rlfl0llzl Hq=eE,ul +tl7l
^J-d
€eJ= g4elr -Lf aol+.
'JEOI # E E=J r7t|= ntrJolrlLl += 940il^l +4q E= 7f^lr Lf
== ^lfle
cJtf. tlg6l troll^J g.clTl EZe fi.fl+. A =
9,trl.

42 "J= r! +801 LIEIU Llol c€oE g"J= 4= rEd^le.

c +dtrt @ EJt'J6lr+
@.Jd6l+ @ g"J6l4

43 ol
=el
,J= 4= r=d^le.
LHEsl

O hl€e se qE 7l7J€ +4eR+.

@ d +q= qflr+ ul€zl szl 9lg+.
@ += bl$rl el+ql^J AgtH 4ol 94.
@ ne 4ge €q glE += flq= "J6l;(l *++.

3Et ldEelr.,tt 1323

N 144-451 trt== g-tr 'J6lC,tl9. (?+ 2E)
==0ll
g+el rlEl rll=a^!= '80|1+71 =JA|,=' 01l^l i8),
^falts-qrrf 'tr14 ol+ 2JAz;1711^lLH= LlTl tr €el=iltrf. zl.Zoll= ^1127|(+lgat
^11171(=grl
qrl)gll olol rjl37l= ^1l17lel ^)1271
oil r|J:gr .J=of += ol+g^ltrJ EE TltH+Eol qef ( ). E^1.=cl
=ol'Joll
Ll= l=Llel #otl rflulalzl 9l6l|,l.J= '88'= 7l=oE gA= d4l6t|0F -Lrtt. Eg oltEJ-d
tfE al #3^l 845t| -H-r. ral:d if= ?l6H^l= +x= Ht|+r olgll 6l|0F 6l=^lE oJ
0 l_H.Ol0F ?1tr1.= rio ltrl.

M ol
=el
+r1E g+a ,iE red^le.
e 'doll?71 4+41= ql ql+ r-"J 4^J rqol ge6ltrl-.
@ €^g t-?lE qzl ol+=
ql^J €41= F6il ++.
=Hl6IoI
@ ul]€-9 +^l 'JE+ r-"J r+ 7l+g gcEl6llot *+.
=€-
@ €+ zlql+€ €tlq 4E u.J $zl xll=-$ Zldol €,ea1r1.

45 ( )'tt
=qe
Lt|toE 7lB g"J= a= uec^le.

^ll+rll Cqqr 9ltrl

@ zllgzlzl
@ tllzzl$ +e^dol qlFqr 9i+
@ xll3zlqlql+ SCol H.olzl-z 9,1+
@ zll3zl! zlztro1 44 *"lzlr 9lq

324 chapter 2 ddEslzll

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'f7l : hands betore making SongPyeon. Also, through the woman's
E3 ^-_ee ^-JE 4a gl=€ "J + flALl+. rE_ '=4.1= 'J=71
i saying, 'You must wash your hands before making food.', you
l0ll= +E 4 )lolot 6H9.'4E "J= E6l| q^Pf += 1!^l Lre
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SongPyeon, germs, wash, dirtY, make

3E, .r.llE, Slrl, rlaJ+, oJ=rl

1El 5'J "! 6HA 337

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alz g-.1 5Eizl.'Jr |' ++ E q q 9?' al.r "J-'J +Eol siore. Through the woman's words, 'should I lie down?' and
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q^|-: You should answer, 'Thank you. Due of your effort, I can see

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HrlTl -d=11 qlOt|-d
=^lE01l -'JLltl. the tickets to the concert
olal 8EE ELll.'aE 4EJ6Hot

qlrH, -.1E011, gl|]E+ concert, reservation, thanks to -, all night

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338 Chapter 3 E'J "! 6lI€

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q^l: The man thinks the reason lor the woman's sneeze is due to
allergies and suggest her to visit the otorhinolaryngology.
H^f= qrf"l 7ld fl?]o1 gall=71?.11o+ q/;r 0lHl?.1+rl01l
7l Err}a_ -.Je_tre'Bfl Tl,\l Z^16lr E q-g'E Ll€77f9?'aE Therefore, you should answer, 'Would I get better if I go to
t[IEJ6|]0t -stLltl. the doctor's, get a check up, and get a medication!'

gall=71, olHl?]+7|., TlEE 6l.tf allergies, Otorhinolaryngology, cough

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last week at the drycleaner's, 'l have already got the clothes
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drycleaner's, wedding, checked in

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The rnan is ourtgoing, likes to rneet rew people, and said he wants
q^t: to work at a place concerning English which was his major of
-J^f: d40l =J-J6lz qal l.aJ= .JLl= ?i= dA"J studies. Therefore, the most appropriate answer for the woman
=0t6lq$-J5]E
gclB$+rl TJaJEJ "J= 6fL #tf;i -?.lo=-+ q^|-el would be 'How about applying to overseas sales? | think you will

71.8 4tr-d r,l3'_rg 6|]elBgoil H= rJ olrr||g? s -J be good at it.'

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field, personality, major of studies, overseas sales,
preparing for an employment, apply, calm
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q^l: : The woman said she has to send the conlerence rnaterial to the

q^l= sl"l rleTleJdEl= 4e +6f'J0llZl ol4l"Je -EJLHoF -d i head of the department as soon as it is finished. However,
t|.] d=:doL-l Hrl= 0l^l eJd6l-^lF:de.-e-e'ral +At-J741 i the man said he wasn't finished, 'Then I will tell the head of
9= oJoE= --J=rl:t "Jt E-JA|g.'7 f 7l-Af 4tr-d rHEJoJLlrl. i the department it would be hard with in today.' is the most
i appropriate answer.
Il-+, 0F=dftl, Ardoftl
i material, work overtime, fill in

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tat|= +e=tll ^lqrfrl ^lnaJZl
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/.1 4.Edl 6t] dfE EJltll" ". gE +r E
-
=alr =E
Z qq? 71.^l
=+ol=
^PJoll
q^f +€=E gcl4al^l + il=rll +r.|. 7l^l
The woman said that she has to go to the department office to
^l+€ get her student lD reissued, the correct answer is 'going to
It|g= goloFdtl. the department office.'
q^f= +€== geal -+rf Tpta+r -?IoE
'+al ^l|g=
)JLl.')l ^l+a0ll final exam, neighbor, student lD, lose, reissue
_e €.J"JLltl.
^l+tql
7l"J^l:-J, gd, -+8=, gclBlalq., Erl
^HgE

'to n ffi Agit ilffi 4H! E +n, qk! diA* E +tf|J+ ffifrFflfr 1i
LJ^l : q€ qg AtE€ qlqrdElu dlE
+Oil 7lts D)FEftE#-E :' Bfri),ifrTtffi
=Eql E Ffi EAEI D-llffi, Ffi Fokl E
rlle. E zl flqe.
=tr1lol^loll^l
q^f : '+"J E-ct qg' AtE "J# 61.^l= zlzye? 4l
=t +oll= qlEol rl
rlg
+6|.^loJ
LJ^l : ^t+Llrf. ffitF.fl", +T1, ift.lii*, 6i8, ffilfi, l.Tiffi
ral +='Jnltr= qlqF-Ef + 9lLt9? +
=nllol^l
?13 +l€01.^le.
=
q^l : Lll, fldl.,l.l='Jnl-= "J#6H +/.lE IllTl^.1tr +0|.
0lollgE €a16fl l!Lt|Efl= Zl Li4llllg. i The wonran said, when the nran tells her the dates that he wants,
^l i she would find it herself and send an ernail to him. Before sending
"Jdl-E q^[71.^]d 40l,\l 0lDllgE EL||rd i
LJ^f7f fl61.= guF=
the ernail, the woman has to check the dates, which the man \ /ants
+;t -dALl+. oltllg= HJ+617lEql q^[= HrfTl fl61ts i are available. so the correct answer is 'To check the travel
:ddfiel EJoJ -sf=nt
7 | q qtQ | 7
I | 6=!f] 6|] 0 t d lsfl' q
f
tf .'
i package is available.'
/r L IlEfo lr =-d^
lrl- =il|=
| oE H-t"t.

i travel package, website, travel agency, Hong Kong,

I q-"J AtE, q="J^|., +larf, qlqFol tf
=trllol^|, =€, ^flf i troublesome. reservation is fully booked

340 chapter 3 8'J I 6ll€

t'l H tulin+hHx4 6 E 4 UEAWffi F{ F -L +
H! r.J.fF &

Olc doll^l= 44at g

ffi, {ftleEHrx4'ffi; trM?.k\W+.Ltr4[t-EF"
'Jrl 0l 1483 cltlql
==zle?
q7|Oil^lE
oil ?l.J zql
q^l 0f, r
e3 *Oil
=oE
Elrjl6?
flE, gr€, x4F, ++R, Efl
ol^ldfTl Cql qalalr iItrJ Ztll "J
^483 qrloll
#= "J Ea*llllg. rl=olalE HlaloFrjlolg.
4alot dl=^l AHlAoll EGI-HL gzl-9..
E '-l 0lal Eze 4= q +80il ur-d +oil slalot
=
sl]e. +€rlrl "J 7lE ctril01^1011^1 dr-g + gt
The man said to the woman, whenever she wants to discard a
zql-e.
q^l =
0|-, ral|g? Eal6flll9. r=lzl 6ll0Fd019.
big furniture, she has to declare it at the ward olfice. Therefore,
the woman will visit the ward office website.
EZ= sl= q ?e ?lrl= LJ^l.e] trJotl
= =qloFloll^l
qr|ts rgZl 6H0t4ltll -x{oo+ qr[=
^lr-g++E gE desk, security oflice, ward office, declare, convenient
_g ,i"J|-lrl. =tr]lgl^l=

4!6l, AHld, 78, dlaEl, tral6ltl

H W *t tuI ffitr+.itrE'f&tr H! tE +E* EzrA, tr JlL,

qH!g*+t#,ft4€r;l'i3.

Ez\+, "tL+#, Pffi, ii,qEfl, lufrFl"lt, iiil"1#,

+FAE-, ft{fF

i e.;tzl=e. ol, ralr. Eoll rll4t-d

All^+' '' F
q^f : _Lz rllTl 9J 7l^lr ?l=r.il ? As the man told the woman to get the questionnaire from the
LJrl : ol, 2JLHE:lTl4d=rIgL1210101 9I= deputy section chief Mr. Kim and to the exhibition, the wonnn
will have to get the questionnaire from the deputy section chiel
^:Ws..'{pFz:ltfl,tr Mr. Kim.
-+r|= a qalTl +d-d a=^l= g0l-A d^laql 7El
q^[0{l1l
.tr -",Jone qr|E A 4alqlll,/\l €Exl= g0l0F -sr-Llrl.
exhibition, competitor company, product, instruction,
client quebtionnaire, visitor, take a photo, manufacture
d^lal, 38^1, rllE, dE^1, r,-4 €Exl, gE^l-,
8lrl.
^lTl= ^114tdlrl

lEl d'J "! oH€ : 341

't3 : rt\E frI xth )u*\FF.E-h n oo Z - X.
llE^loll^l g+"J 5"J 13=
i @ H4,-LfrIH+tt^th"
E/.1 oP.loll THHJ-dLH. /.l r + -/AFIhlfriBA&r'sl+ff"
TJ _er1z1 T.!rf Of=-JtrJrll +elE 7t Eltl? ) @ t\EHxIh)\4kFPre."
qrl LfE E4 raJql fl^ll=^l 7lE Hltr
^fTl ol/!t
?,tcl.
i @ nBft'!ft+.RF44811nru.
=.^l7l
=vt= T [vt: t - El D4aFEifiilq&EID)ErI,I1JW4*.
E '.1 6l+011 1,7008'J uJ=J-g +
?ttl|. "Jerfl3 ?lEl'-Jl
i @ friHklf]H-/\AEID)I xlWW"
o.e Elal qlrl|dl|E El-r. rLJ Eat0ll,\l ,\IE EJ[l|.
; + -+/\AFhT IAffirK"
q^l raH? 3.000fl0lalErll -d B0l E 2€t7t1^l0J '!
+ ?lEf Llzf ?al E'J 7l^t. Ll17l9= oJElLJlee i riH, &iil, tnbh, jiii., lflJfr.
qlrH6l| EZl.

r30ll "JBg + 9t= ?1fl3 6l+011 1,7008o+ rll-d!0 9l+Lltl i The number of people who is allowed to enter the palace is
o le3 "Joll= g3-g + g.rf. , limited to 1700 people per day.

- "J+g E"J l3 oFZ TlJg= -arLltl. ; e fne palace can't be entered during the night time.
@ z=ql "Js-g + ?t= "Jfl3 rll-dElq ?lrf. : - For one week, the palace is open during the night time.

@ lg"; g6Ffle ?lElLJleetrJ ql0|]-=t + 9trf. : @ The number of person who can enter the palace is limited.

- oJElfl ql0|]E qr fl€i0ll,\l /.fE sJLlrl. :

:
@ tre palace ticket can only be purchased through the
@ -"Asl "J6tfl3 1oJ.J 43zlrl qlrH-=t + 9lrl. internet.

23Dl^l qlrt|-g gl+Llrf. +

You can purchase through internet and at the site.
- 1?]=J +
@ Once person can reserve up to 4 palace tickets.
rB, otz, trAF, 7HBJ6ltf, rJaJ6|-tf - One person can reserve up to 2 tickets.
ancient palace, night, site, open, watch

14 : IH4/ILETH l1H, trI D)ft,fr xtn "

q^l : qalE, ol^ll+El= 2^lrJ ELf rlR=l| T3o:l^l I O ffi+nrilfr\il+fiffit6*.
E EJLlrl. 0l HfErJe gAfZ S.0l +++ g€-dl
i @ ft+n6f'--tE E?VlltXXEzi"
i + frVtAf.F.WEt'itFlA+*Ez\.
d + 9l+Llrl. 47H d^lElq fl=rll,
i @ 4rtrE4rffiiftnIv)Ft?.Ft+i€"
=0ll+E=01
9EES 1=+El /(lr|lE_+ E^lElol ?loLl7/l1= i - EJUSU-fAnR*6rfltplF-trffij't
+El rJaJ6f^l= zl== aLlrl. 0I., r4r E-+EIJ | @ Il,'frffi +,1. r'Jtr4-& *?Eft+A fr +e
"

0ll^l el+oJ= +l-d I^|6||€E +-E-+ 6l| +z ?l+ "

Llrl. gol, gEGl,

:-
+ ?loLlzl^le
=+qe -
dl+ E=31= gllt|tll.\=0ll 2^l7J !
aJ +0ll= H-+E+ g Eflql Eq+=01611119.
l7l HlEtLlrl.
| ft+tr, tqr'J'ft, F-fifr+in, h,fr, EftAh, tfritl]

+ eol -E.q trC^]^lE -=f Zlltl. : The museum can be entered free without an entrance tickel.
gs--J + I (l tnere is no need to purchase the museum ticket.
"JErJp "J6r3 g.0l +Ee gle|_lq..
O EJ=]J
"Jgile +0H-=f E97l flrl. I @ fne artifacts are on display according to its originating
@ 9E=P +7lE-e Ll+q^1 d^lElol ?lrf. i counlry.
, +==3 d^lqq ?lf|_lrl. - The artifacts are on display in chronological order.
O l^l oH€3 ^l4Ee
4og Qr[ollz1l dE6fE Eltl. i @ for an exhibition tour, one can request to the woman.
--- I/.l
6H€3=a1= gJLHtll.\foll EoldlE EJLltl. i - For an exhibition tour, one can request at the information
@ zx1ztr rJ=J +0ll= r= ?llHrllr'-a $oll s.olE EJrl. i desk located on the first floor.
the 2 hour tour, one can meet up in front of the
- D,pJ rJ=J +0ll= HJEtrJ g Bfloll,|l E"JLlrl. i
i
@ atter
information desk located on the first floor.

94, i + After the 2 hour tour, one can meet at the park in front
+E, AILHE, d^l6H€, QJlflfil,r-1,
=016lr.l i of the museum.

i artifacts, chronological order, exhibition tour, free,

: information desk, request

342 Chapter'3 €'J "; 6|]A

 l5 e ff IrE XEF /n Al. F.Tt -dT !trkl,a
te X F! E ffi #.
O &ff jetr fi! E Ir# ).14 l,&$EZ )..
'J^f : ,JflE rlqql 7l=40J +aol LHal 0l0l^l
@ &Rrgft.= E *Iktu +ft :tLfatr' "
_r ?l+LIrl. 139 9E 3=^10il^l ^lr_e +LJ^l
^lEol EftWFfulf.
-
tsoll E--J zorfl Q,5g 119 +4dlq @ EA=E ftt ! *t4Ltt EffiE
^HJrllfl=o| Rfi4$t.
Eflo-+ EA+Llrl. ZI+EI= EA-a 11501 5"1
+7jl= 017l^lE6H +11^lfl^l 0l qdol DllEfl^l - tfrttglk!fi frft4&..
g50ll= rl8l0l gt4r -sl-;tl. 7fg Erl^lul @ &ftilh x F.!E R4tt-g^a[*4ff RarE.
'J
zl+6H^l g8dfr ?l= 7l8rll5= +"J=e -wL*Eaff R+tE"
^lq
+zl0ll d0l +Lltr77l-Hl-HJoil= nl€eltrs_e
=el
r|ltrldlts SEJrf^l Eolrlr fl#Llrl.
&fffttr, &E, EF=', ffrfiSfrf, ffRAfH, ffiffi,
ts=
q Z+rl-- tl|++l ZEol EE--J IaJrF=e =dl ^l EF*, lirl, Efi+A
^l
5] €Bzf^l +l-d-=f + ltcl 0l0ll tH-sf +l+-d 4^l7f
=Jg-cr-Llrl.
The residences near the rural area are mostlv elders who have
5= rlq 7l+^lEe tH+E Z50l EE-.J aaJxggt-1c1. problems in mobility.
o 5= z+^lE3 rHille roJ=Olrl. O The residences near the rural arca are mostly elders.
^lE
o tsoll E-d qde dBol 9l=--J AtEHotrt. O The woman who was under the snow is on the veroe of
- gBoll= rlsol flAqtl. life and death.
tsoll E--J q€= !f= +"J=ol +4:i[rf. + Her life is secure.
+ 119 +^-dGLl+. @ The villagers rescued the woman who was under tne snow.
@ 5= xlq ^HJrHfl=o|
+"J=3 6f+ €g rtSalaloll^l 9ltl. - The 119 firemen rescued her.
g0ll= rf$ilzJog r|ltrl-st|_lrl. ^ll||r
- @ The residences near the rural area are staying their entire
day at the village hall.
5= rlE, +€, 7f8, E7l^lr, El€qal, Z+^f, + During the night, the residents evacuate to the village
./18. JleJ^l ^il, hall.

rural area, heavy snow, house, collapse accident.

village hall, precaution, residence, mobility, elder

^/

1El €.J "! "=ll€ 343

16 H fr\fttu5 +ffi , ffi D)1VtE,t-tfr26,U Ai, IEF.+i'tfr.
q^l : 01flo1 d+E^l !|.^lE trt+t a?wfrEk"^4fr
=aJ40lfl=rll =e4= @ tc5!]4tra4h4mEx"
!lr.l arJzl goeol zlEl=
=a1+^119. - _8.
'J^f : 0ll'Je ttl^l E-dIltrJ efTl:?.{tf= zi'Je-+s. zlug @ -4-fr4E+-Fft9.LtfrnLF".
trJ g=J4 rldOll g+ +gE =JEH,\I
==J4"JLlrl..
+ 9t=^l 4€= Lrol -d=r]l rlg6l Ele6H -
4 ,H,-&r'JEHLEfrn+W"
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+ 9]fl+Lltl.. $=JEE E trlfioLl -dE @ t,f
oJ =d-g
^l
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8g= E'.! trollE arlzlElol^l +Ht|- oJd6l -
tRedrth*\2 Entltr+"

EE '*r 9lg.=rll9. L;'171?l6H^l tl|+goll 4€A, BrtR, Ufin, tu4E, nXn+W, ffi , +Eik, tE
=
Tl-+-g 84"JLlrl. rtl+fl0]|^l gCdl E+= 6H^l i)tt, J++
OlErl!C= EF'+= €3 axlz1Elr. #+Lltl.
The man was worried if he could participate in the Olympics
H^f= g=JE Coll +At= .J6H^l + 9l=^l 4d="J^l"J as he was injured before the game, but he had recovered and
qq6H^l + ?lfl+Lltt. =d:g
was able to participate.
e ge4ql^l=E-Jtrll== E 7i= T\EE)1|84-.Jtf.
O He is happy to win the medal.
- trll'J= ulll =-drltrJ 371:ilrf= ,ltrJe-e-E 7l8a6Llrf.
- Although he was unable to win the medal, but he was
O !f^l^inl^l tH-qtfloll Tl-+--J ,t0ltf. happy enough to participate.
==JE=
-.JE?J flL ttl:3tgq| C-+-=f ?i"Jt-ltl-.
- @ nignt after the Olympics, he will start his graduaie school.
O +At= =J6|]u\l E=JEoll E--J HJ:iItl..
- He will rest for a while before he start his graduate
@ 3tr1 +0ll r+7f qq +8== 7l=^la cq
=tr61.^l -drr.
scnool.
, a^l7l Elcl +HH= gd6l.-r. lol --JLlt[. (} He might have not been able to participate in the Olympics
rH-+g. ?^1. olE, gt€dftt. because he was injured.
+8,
=aJol, ^rJ, =d, @ After retiring, he wants to become a prolessor and teach
^l6|:lrl-
students.
+ He wants to become a coach and train the juniors.

Olympics, impression, participation, injury,

graduate school. coach, theory, train, start/enter

17 i H i^h E?,tuz 7 H ln Ft \)LHE4ffi 4fi.&ffi ifr -d, 6tlffi F-

fr\

q^l : rH+ EIE^I +lg0ll tl|-d +=J0l Ll+ 4*.

| = t6 tr tF,RH X+&ffi ifr *,+FH +rl+ m*. "

clg.=gHJol
6||0F -'J^lE s=zll9. tf= Tl+=^laJ
E I x++\lLtE, |frY., iEaafilb, L"'"ntfr=^h, ffiE, AlL,
+-+6|.r. Gl+E+Ll 'Jttl F;HP-. fcH21h,;Etr
LJ^f : 9.= rt|+8=3 Tl+=01 EF 6l|_17/lq+E+7f
r., E/.l=JEi6l-7, "JEJdoll rlfl6l= 4.,Jo19. a-
aJtll 0l=lzl 0l+,t.l0ll -.J tl '-l7l +l-d =JE=A
€4r +leoil
= ?J0le. 7lg0ll^l=
EtOl Elrl
4 S.0l = g3 dE6f^l Lrz=e. =
^l'=J-
+E= 6lr. d3^l g 846|1 E +oll r
^trlU
^fuol61ts t1loll ?3-d= gg + 9l= E|EE 6lE The rnan thinks that it is much more advantageous to concentrate
"J=
on attaining the goal related experience, rather than trying out
Zl Etl
q^l : r]7=01=e-.He.
EF 61.= ?iax1E 6fE tl+ +l^l^lE unrelated numerous activities to build up a work experience.
7j,J?L1l0l:szl 6tI9. graduating class, leave of absence, language study

g7l gl-d qel =J5= 6l= l-EJtl abroad, volunteer activity, resume, enterprise, build
H^l= €6H^l
^El= g= =E=rl +al6l- an experience. left behind
rql ]JBEJ'A
"J= + il= =J- 6F= ?tol +lgo1l
rl-i
"1r
,^HT16tr
orH-t*t.
lrf

rH-+ F-+, q+E+, -ErtE}E

o/.|=o!
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v|-/\|t 7lc1
, IE'

=gHJ,
gtf,
3-d= Fl^l^ltf

344 chapter 3 €'J "! 6|]A

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.Jxl : nl= 7/trl-eJq? Eol ?JLll.
.it,ffi € E rZ' 4 vt *tWt+nEfr^ffil4+
'a "

q^l : 3, ElEoll^l 6fLt^lE 6lLl= tl += fl=4^fl

:"J^lE
6feafl g"JE q^l ffiA, +tfr'I'ffiffi, ffitfiHffi, 4#l-tu1
1,tol. 0l=zl
=
nl + Llzl 0l1l rl 3^ll4oJ )1,Jol.
.{ ^lFE
LJr[ : g5a1,rfl -Hq_E !^]le zltjdt|
-"E + 7lI
^llE=o1
/.l= 7)dla illl
^laJ6H
^fol
Ll^l "J= 13?71
PJol. e6lei -d Holl Lre EZ= EH^l 7t4Hl The man thinks it is better to buy products when it is needed
dlXl 5ll. EJg-g trt|ElEl ^l/l
a;'ulrfi IIE than purchasing them all at once, because it makes one to
= ^lal.al
1l Lfe 4 tol. overspeno.

Hrf= -d floll LJg EZ= llE dPll EIE+ -Jg-=f ttlllf i euent, daity necessities, overspend, economical
t|- /.l,|l "l4Hl=
,iol Ll+r ,g4-atLltl-.
^=
g^f, 8-JE, 7l4ul= 6ltf. 3^ll40l4 :

't9 1 E s1ffi.1+f-Rfl * E f+ trlffi*f(,FH+H'HfiF6tr*A{H

dO.+ Dl|+ iH TI Hl|EJEl|.g.?
'trF" II, Ffr D) H tu\ i h' ff €€ftr Ft H F h -tk* s?'trF)rs
f< tr'"
/

Lll. eZ +E4-L dl=tlle. 5= €t-d

it|^= Hl-=. HH=gol^l ^lqoil^l
q= Zqle rl|+ tl= il|
47|. HH=Elrg.
ffi#, ,trBFf F9, ttJ"'R, Af1, *iF, tffiETg
5= ^lqql^l Hl-+ Hl|= E=tf-Ie?
Lll, 35 EZlTl=q=q^l 5"JoilzlE olqolaE
Hle HJeLlTTlElEoll^l ,\l= a
6H9. !E 57l.0ll,\l
EtlCCdlr.e. Fle.q 0lillA= rltr S,l.fr|8 The man said that the farmers who grew the vegetable send
ts'J=o1 ELl|+l l "JBol 7f9. -9. pictures and letter to him so he could trust the ingredients.
^fT.!ol|_lE^lE olLlzl'E?JrJ=
-FJPtll Therefore, he thlnks he'can trust and eat the food ingredients
= ^l^f^H ^lrE =^l=
'J + 9l€0t9. when one knows the producer.'

'J^f= iH^= ^lE tsIl.^|3 5'J=01 /.lTlOlLl EJIIE EL[|+J^I

E30l Z+r -eloo+ '^l^trlle.l 8{l^F= 9E 'Jl q= + ?,1 vegetable, distribution stage, profit, food ingredient,
Lf.'= a0l LJrfol 84oJLlrl. source, reliving anxiety

i|l^, += EZl, Olq, Egra=.Jrf

^lrf^H, =il,

20 H illi lJ N-AR€ffi a'FH E HE+tilH'! r'JtX, EtrA fi! Bt'

Ffr E' trEr 6EA &.= fr.KX tr Hhlr, T X E 6A+ frl"'
q^f : tfLl= 0l0l7l^EIEEE 6H9.
^5+I'
T]+=01 EF /.fEdt|,(l ^l=afr
?J E +el'2J=
Lzr|J9. r "J= ^l7l"J ! ^4 ?J)IE 6l Eaz+tn., te+, ,ftffir'JBl, Lh+ltffi, afriJh,
=oLl g46l.ljl9?
r....,... Ell.'Je cl._szl ^l+lot €.tr4, 6tEB
LJII : -?.= *E+8 607"2[^r1=+e ll€-d+r 6|.6.
r"JE 0l0lel+gE galTf ?l7l= 6l^ltrJ
qal =_oE lEfEEg LlTl EB4o
e ^|tr+Eigr.
gg6lrl ^l€61.8
.Sqtr + gl+Lltl. !E
0l0lE€ olEe.r;
-d ^lzaJol
rf4lalol ++6f71 ttllEoll 4 The man said if it is possible, it is best to delay the use time
of the smartphone. Therefore, 'it is better to buy smartphones
nfeEE rl|+ eqtr + ?leEe
^l.E6lts ^lrJol to the child when she/he is grown.' is the most appropriate
7I-5-d -d -^EIEE zl
^lE ^l7l= =+E =#Llrl. answer.
Jxl= 7|.5-d.^EiE= /.lTl= zl f+l -4oaq
7Ei4 0l0l7l^lE +oil =+:1l=rl.'717lII4tr smartphone, PH.D(Doctor of Philosophy), use time,
^0lEEe ^FJ ^l+=
5tt lrl- childhood, self-control, has a point, feeling left out
.^DlEE, BjlL /.l.E /.l7l, qal rf^llel, gal7l.?,ltr|.,
L9l2J= Lt)lrl ^|tr,

1il €EJ "f dl|€ 345

21
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ol+= a trlE ^lg=ol
rt7l7l €E:d 'zi^lE
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22
zt4gE ol|--lzl sal^h qrplLl EE Ets tr']g:d ctl's Ee-]
Hol g+Elr. 9IaLl+.

rl|5, 7l|?18E, -t=Eltt, E7l|Eltrl, trl6ll= Htrt,

E€ ol+tt

346 | cnapter 3 €'J "l atl€

 123 - 241
,\l^+8014?
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q^f d"JCr= €+^ll7l
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6fLfg?
^l=
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rlEHETl +rfElLl + )l2J oJ01l 6l 10F -sf|-ltl..

23 tr }JE ft! r'"t E /z ).F'dtE, Fn UE*F :'84i6 rhtxtTA

'J^Pl.dg^]I.= cl:Ezl 6fE ElLtz Efloo+ 'd"JC? tr^l F'61ttu1bw"',
oil rH6l| ?lrl.'7[ €-JgLlrf.
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d"Ju-2, 5+, "Jfl, +"J iJlEl, aoJoJ=ll, +"J=== trRHid,itr

As the man asked how to notify a move-in, the answer will

be 'he is asking for the procedure of a move-in nolification.'

a moving-in notification, government, civil complaint,

community service center, certificate, identification
caro

24 tr v;ie'&H ai^i/.itrfl F! ifr di^Faffi €Ed + iF, ffi u n

dg+!r= | fi.eE El'll o + +18 0 | E7 lE6fE tr
?.1
^fi! ?sH++5U E R +, t' lr'rsA tr'Eit +t*
"
H^l= rltr=oJ?l=^17
+'J iJlEl0il 7l^l d"Jcr= 6H0F :-Jj-lrl.
H&irhl, 4468, Tfi
r.ld oJ=alrf, +g.tr.E t+rf
=7E:dlrl, Applying for a move-in notification through the Internet is
impossible without a certification. Therefore, the man has to
visit the community service center in person to nolify the
move-tn.

visil in-person, impossible, download

1il €trJ "; dl|€ 347

125 - 261
q^l : ol 7l.triloll^l= t?]- 4tr1 Hfal.\+e -r.EEl+r. olSlZl loJ=ollltl 0laJ g^lal= Elg.Lie?
=H.=rll ^1186h^lzl
LJ^l : 69^119 --JtrlLl4l^l toJ g^fal rE= gg +0ll +lgE E 6l-r. 9t= ,tE Er oJEpTl9l^l E^l| +4
gtrl6fr trJ0ll gg Elfl+a ^l4r-d+Lltf.
TlHbl6ldLltl.
7ltrlloil^l 96lr zl+l E=ol zE T0rHoJrll 2oLl afzll
^l"uaal.23=
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=dlts gxlal= rll8aPl qa19l^l H[al't'a1
E H +.zHu I E1^l gdlr #Gl 6l-= E=ol6€ E+= df,tl=tllr E=ollll trF
iqil 6lr. ?l+Llrf. raH^l ll=E= illoJEg gq,,.l LrP loJ=0llzl g^ial= loJ=ol g^lal
^llB6f= 'zig|_ltl.
"J=qL|1=
ztre. tlxl9l= "Jg|-lrt.
=

H i/)! h Z )',* fFrIF fr IiiFH Ur tAgt+IE, Ffr D)', gffi

25 tuI

toJ=el grlal='J=olLtI= zS! tlTl ?,1= g0la|?

.J^1.= ="^.[ )rE Z r4F fr 6L "' rxft ArE "
oE_+'toJ="| grfal= -dtf.'71 7f5f 4tr-sfLltf. ^\fiq
=a10t mllFiEirj,m, E4H,i', )++\8,'flf€, E*, trJ'lH

4tr1 Hlalr'.El, rl.UzJ, i]lp!E, 7l^1, El*rl, ?J+A+

The man said it is a valuable thing to make a work for the
elders. Therefore, the most suitable answer will be 'There
should be more work for the elders.'

coffee barista, self-esteem, chain store, value. regain,

regretf ul

26 ft]djftEl# *fi r4l + tAl+ 44 J-fiEEF tr 4E + 2E fitt )l"t^ "

7|tril= u=olLl g+rl.z3 rHenHxllql^l E H 47H7l.Elfl+Lltf. o mqFtriE-/(^w4+irtait"
o 7|.tril= r||=r|1ill0ll aTHEJ 401 9ltl. @ trffi 4F ff W4 *1 tfr W s1Ftr + +EH r IE "
Q) 7lnltr E+6iE g^fal=
^1136l| =trl.
- E.f*€,[F+I I4Ffu\ AWA, {EEA6EE Hh FNHffi
+96|.l. dq 6l.= E=01 E+= 6l.xl"J EF g^fal= r1l3 _6trFt/\.
617l qaJ+Lltl. @ ffiEFE'iA€'ffiqF]/MiR"
€) Tftrlloll^l= H[al.'tg1 .il.q8 6frl Lr=tf.
+ ojo:[tr dq E+6lE E=ollxl H[al.'t g1-r.q= 6|-r ?+
- h^E+\rlFmH4fit^ffiiR"
@ fts)ilqF fi H2o ry E 7 o I k\+ffi E-frrtF.

Llrl.
@ 7ltrll0ilIl= 2orHel70rH7[ czll 96l.r ?1q..
- I(Fgtr AAEFh'EF EI O D EE "

+ gdl-a 4l^l E=3 Zel TotHoJLIti. )t^Wtf. +F{,\rltr

rH=irlliJl, "J^lal= rll=6ltf Cafes have been introduced couple of times in mass media
such as newspaper or broadcast.
O Cafes have been introduced in mass media.
@ The cafe offers a job when contacted.
i + People who wants the job contacts the cafe, but it ls
i hard to offer job to everYone.
: @ The cafe does not offer a Barista education.
i + Barista training is educated to the ones who contacted
, the cafe to work.
| @ The workers working together at the cafe are in their 20s to
: 70s.
i + Most ol the workers are in their 70s.

i mass media, job offer

348 Chapter 3 €'J "! 6l|€

 127 - 281
.JIl Llolfl
'J+0llE^I=JE dlXl flq. d17l E-+-LaJoJtll Lt| d=ol Z++ol€ol. -+rql^1= olEU H|]+=ril
^FJol
E^lgE= dfE^l z+ tr8E ScdlE Lrol Ut|E + il= a eof. ralr +trE 'g + ?,trH.
qrl r=+Ll. ralql 2J=-4al7lolLlqE + ?lGl? Ll.E tr}]7lql rJdol ?l7l= -.Jrjl
=/.l ^|fl-g ^laJol
'Jrf EEol^1. E17lS"J 0l|_laf d a^7l, €4a121, Esl.ralTl ee +g-d EJfE= 6H^l dgrftrJ -J-e.-d Zl ol|-loF.
q^l r= clE-EZl tt|?
1-lTL ^lfldlE
E/\l ?.!ElH! e4lolrl0il E^f 9€871. ?q. z7l0ll^l Erq 7|.5-d E_z {!€6.f8 5H.
^lzE

27 Afi 7 lFeffi.+t+kTfr\ Ai",+iH, r8E^sfntrIF€rrl

rbt
qr|ts z++rl7l olLloJE rl3-=t + ?l|-tr :deEe z+ Hlt #B2A>)rl^ffii6a)"
E^Fg + ?!=^l gn dq^l EqE ?i"JLlrl,.
=^lE
€,Effi.I-x. Bffi"+. EtrlbE, +T1..:',
E-^[=JE, dL!71 E+-raJ, Z+-+,
dE -zr1r1, E4ap1, EffiE, 't++b
^","ntfrr)r,
qalE ral+, +E= rrltrl.

The reason the woman asked if the architecture non-majors

can also apply, is because she wants to know if the
architecture non-majors can volunteer.

volunteer activity, house building project, architecture.

repair house, clean up, draw a mural. earn credit

28 H *1 E+&A + >t lE iA *n iF,, itrln RH4)ts A "n"tfr

.J^l= -+Eoil^l= ol='J HH?=rllE^|.EJE= 6lE^l ^h
Affi REtfrIWrr4W, -sfiA?+?lIV*
Z+ Eg .
g 3-d6fE "'iol Ht|E + ?t= 4 ?JLla. =i{+Llrl. A E tul9.E+Sn + ft ffi ,fF4&Affi ifi 4rr.^ffi
o.J^|ts +71 E^l.E:fE=:g rlolrl.. - tI'lH + trX+ Iffi.A dtt-a
Ft r'J
-- HJ-+ =oil $ |.=JEE -g agLlrl. @ F,H #ffi"++ \LA tEI D)4)n E trlEzE
"

=oll dt7lo1
O 2j++ d=^1$ "
Erq:g + ?trf.
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- 1F+ffi,+&tr.D)4ffi."
@^H
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- oJElLl-e.-e ^l+doll
^l86lE
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-+"1.B+oilE Etol EJ+r €4-d+.
ftI t4
"
^
+"|. ,'.l+9, U€6lrl., Etqdlq
+t+.bLE., FiE.7bn

The man said one only learns theory in school but volunteering
at the building sites can expand the knowledge through
expenence.
O The man will volunteer during the school year.
+He will volunteer during the vacation.
@ Onty the architecture majors can participate at the house
building project.
- lt is possible to participate without being an architecture
major.
@ One can apply at the department olfice if he/she wants to
i volunteer.
i - One can apply through internet.
i @ fne man believes volunteer work can be helplul to major
i studies.

i O"partment office, apply, participate

1El €g I 6|I€ i 349

[29-30]
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^llzl4o.e
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H^f : galatg=e 3"J= 56|l olotTl= E=-g + ?l=^171. 7f€i6ie:'J|-ltl.
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--.J
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rl ?J€01 E EtrE 7L 2Jol9.

29 i trhirfr,in4l++EtFr+il1ffi++tL1+tT4r, +Rffic€ifrfr
r.alg 7l+7lEE-]d| +fltlr. -lloo+ 3"J= 4t=61ts : 'fll"IXfitr4tE-4n4Fffifi'! '
"JE
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^l.aJg= i ffiffi, Mii' j54, E't'f+, E,Ja, *E
a'g=, Hl=, 6=, g"J€, /.lLlelg,
=E i We can know he is a oerson who compose music as he said
i the singer had well expressed his music.

i soundtrack, secret, flow, musicality, scenario, recording

30 BhE * #,**F! Fr FgEBf H filifr , Ftl fitE,SA, TAZTE

rrltEoil galol a=ol i.=zrfE 0f+al Eqfd= TlTl ht+il1HP,+frffi.

="J
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=e
@ ga|-g .s=ieoJe +,-40ll4l olot7l= € I=6f= aol+.
- gif ar"J+3
6lr ="_f= =6H
olotrlTl a I==J + ?toloF
n-2, t|l'tl+16, HfF, Ft'th9-R,l4A, €F+I+
H-t-t.lrl-

Although the music has a good musicality, if the music breaks

HJ+40e. 7l|E40J ,\tE, A€, st-?.oJ, aJ?-4,
the flow of the movie, it can't considered to be a good
9ttf soundtrack.
^lafol
I O He worked without reading over the scenario ahead.
i - He read the scenario repeatedly.
i @ tnere was a delay in the recording process due to the
i singer's personal reason.
: - The emotion was well expressed because the singer had
i actually parted with his/her lover right belore the
i recording.
i @ n good soundtrack should not cut otf the movie's story.
i @ ffre success point of a movie is to deliver the story to the
i audience.
i - Through the soundtrack, the music should help the story
; tetting of the movie.

i repeatedly, personal reason, emotion, success factor,

r audience. be hindered

350 Chapter 3 €g "; 6l|€

 [3r-32]
q^i : 9= -d^fLl rl+ Af^l E= H||E + ?t= ++.JAEol ,FJ3rllg. olol=ol sartrJ EHE ++"J61.= /.l.EJafr --JLlrl.
grf : Ee qlee ++LHtlELl Etr+ol 'SqTl+= agLlrl. .ralr laJo+ rel^l 9l0lll
olal ++"JqEOl SP
=^l|E 7l+=rjl EEol Elxl
AtAf+= ?Jrg. E, olol=ol Olal trJEloll"J el+dH^J^l EJ E,\loll 43dl^l F diTlE
ortilF
H-t"t.
=E
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EoFql AZI LlTl! + ?ltl= 101 -4#talel =
8E"J a 'J+Lltl. EE€ -HeJolTl +1"-H trJEl glTl +
LfiE= uJ_?7lel e= Efl+= =
-aFAr^l7l= ^l46fC
-J5g 6l= 4? o1EDt??
=-=.

3l k *1 ifr., + >l iE rEr kl ft t ti,fi di E : 4 D),L(Z.T flt d D

q^h= 0f0l=01 olal9ldl.= -d^lLl 7l-+ e. EoFoil d71l Lpl4 &-yEl,wE Ifr + 2 g1 tx+ q,H + z+ft iR. tr tk E x
+ ?+= ?iol -+aDJ6lE attr?] TlzJLla:*_e-se'++trJ61 € :' *>l trrer *UA IUt ttFi€'xEtr F.t |i* 9 HXffi "' |

olalE E0Foil = Rg-g 7lg qtr--JLlrf.

rH-.J + ?11..'71
= =tr|= ,/v
r zJ, f++HiA, +>ltrEr, #ttl/, M )t,4hF,,
-d^L al.-+8^.1, :sra"JE[ Edal, AtA|+, aE, EE, Eol ffiH, +Fq, +€E
-dlAl^l7ltl
The woman said the strongest point of an academlc cartoon
is that lt is an easy way to approach difficult subjecrs sucn
as Chinese character or science lor the children. Therefore,
'Academic cartoons can promote interest in difficujt subjects.'
is the most suitable answer.

Chinese character, general science knowledge, academic

cartoon, expressiveress, i magi nati on, strengrth, weakness,
field. improve

32 kftit trHE H'l+F H Ht+>t itrtr H.!fr .fi tr, trt€fi T + I

H^l7f -+AtrJtrl.e] .Jtroll Eel-il +$tl Attrg E+dl? ?l-e. tr tr H! ti A. rxnitii BE { F'!,J.,L' H Eld i.i T E . H! xL{ "
^14-zf
Ee sd^aJzl olzg E+6ln ?lfLltf.
^l^lel
i

H= €8, ,J€4ee, elzJ, ,Jz:61711, HJH-J6l-tl, t||S6ltf

i The woman clarifies her opinion on the strength of the
r academic cartoon after agreeing to the weakness which the
i man has pointed out.

supplernentary explanation, affectively, opinion, strongly,

refute, confront

1il €'J "! dli€ 351

[33-34] !0ll Ea[7[ gcl'JLlcl'
q^l : ++E qajE, 6l.Zl El^l ?io.dLlrl.?
^f=7l0ll='tlillel = gl+Lltl. qatll
glal ^1=7loJ ^E=al-"Jtf=€ ^f+ ttt|Eoll nt6ol "*jol.^l-z S-'J HJ-dCol 8e +E
Etr16f= E6oll 4B6f=
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oloFTl6t= IlrJ= LJol ,*= ,igLlrl. qlalr
^|L1=o|^|=7|=€.J7J+?lE+aai49EEgl+E^0|+E.s|q_g=6|-LioJL|tt.EtE=+9t=-.J7|.^|
HJEe 6lal Ll7l^l -*i8=J0lLf tl+
^[L1=rf ^fL1= ^lq ^]ll= qalEr.l-'J7ill6l'= o= *utl.z1l
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tnlzlE HPJtfE rltyl E)ldql= qaiEel 9z= "Jdl=
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^F1l6l.? =01 'iol

k k\E).XEA\FiJ€ 6 Fn B! ft H /&71 l* " tr rlL, ls E X +' et

33
q^l= rl.Li=ol E'Je + 9lE= E.rl40+ Eel+= E E6Hfr+ ttET E * 4*1 E-iI' H"] 61 6.
^l+71=ilaLltt. qal^l'^i=71
gEoll rl|6t|{ €Edlr aJzl
^lLielq I gAffi, 7k, +FD, 944' tfifi, Fflir"t'H, HIF;
7Hd uE'0ll tH-.J LHEoJLltl.

is explaining about the method to help the

rl.Ll, gr15, tlill, ll, HJAC, ElaJ^l6l.tl The woman
^l=71, adolescent sons and daughters to get through. Therefore, it
is about 'the method to improve the relationship with the
adolescent sons and daughters.'

adolescence, sons and daughters, argument, body,

brain. rebellious spirit, advisable

EE 6FAnt 9445 jtBdAA'lU.ilI4a,tt' Ffi U h T rtN*

34
tlillel tloll E6Pl.gqLE ol?io1l 4361'= ^l7l fff+n7tA4?+ta$.ffi"
^t=7l0ll= =
o17 | ttllEoll qltrJ6t|dLltf.
@ + Xft1;nW'=1tu1n{ IF9.F tr Itu&ill "
o q= g6l.4l -'Jtf. -
r'Jifr+iEa'f4.
^lL17l-ilf='J =LHot
@ EE &ffiN tr /r gFE/uA tx,Ffr D)4pryffi "
- rHetoll LtElLt 9lrl LJ+Lltl.qltrJo=l|Tltl.
I ,\i=7l0ll= Eetoll 4361.t-al @ E 5 + !,fr rt n'l g 4 +FL+1+iv "
€) rlLlel-4al-g ttll= Lrol 6|1 +=
^fl= 411 olot7l6lts'l0laol=tl. - xt 1fr Et E 4 En,) it,vr,frw "

- cHel--J rrH= LJol @ aEff €6F,q r'J J.EqA +v) + ffih + f "
=r
rl17)lrl= +8.7|- lllEoll^l rl =aLl+.
@
^l=7171rlLJ
rHeloll LIEILI 9lrl ?JALI+.
+]0t -dtl..
- xtifr+iaasr4"
-
Ftrrtu, #Itt, ffiffi, +E,f+€i!.
g6t1l, ELl|tl, ql'J6ltl, dH+tf
^fl= i One becomes sensitive during adolescence, as the body and
i the brain is going through changes and adaptlng to tl'p
i changes.
O The sons and daughters should be scold severeiy wnen
they act irritated.
- lt does not say on the conversation'
@ During adolescence, one becomes sensitive to adapt to
cnanges.
@ wnite having a conversation to the sons and daughters.
it is best to give manY advises.
+ While having a conversaiion, it is better to talk less and
listen more.
@ Untit the adolescence period is over, the parents should
lose in fights.
+ lt does not say on the conversation.

severely, scold, sensitive, give an advise

352 Chapter 3 5'J "f 6l|E

 [35-36]
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tr1| +rH dAlsoor||= +7l6lq g3 +q== EgE qalolel xlEHle 7l+-d+Llrl. ztrlloJ=
^lLJ6H0il= ^lt6t|ol
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eP iltrlloJ= +q=g ^ffl=
0l=zl^l EE=7llE==
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+ 9t= gtrJ olLlal-Etol "Jg-.J + 9l= 0l ztriloJoil +8 qajE=el Lr3 Etq= ++-=aJLlrf.

?tr H fr\ it T ++tti.+ +411> tr w++utqrlqtfi a, ffi uffie

.J^|ts tr1l+rH ztrlloJ0il +g qalE=sl iJ3 afq=
del tr()7l rtfr\ F' ft.H 4! trxir T ttLE W tfr dt "'
uetcaJLftr -i(oo_+'E1l +rH TjelEoTl e4l?.18
=_E6f?
1FH]E{E, #, ffi, 98, +tr, FfLlH, r&tr#
?ltf.'71 7 f3 4tr-sfLl trf.

As the man asked many students to participate in a campaign

3, E, 4=E, +q= of collecting discarded cellphones, the most suitable answer
^fE+71, =, =+,
will be'the man is promoting a campaign of collecting discarded
cellphones.'

use cycle, gold, silver, bronze, metal, recycle, profits

36 + +E #lW "'"n + ffi #lts tr tuI Z )'.41 I L. 1

+q== E= tlloll O >trlrfr -,rt fr\ rt A?,6& # UIh A +ifr kI Z "

=6l|011=
O =7ll?1=E
Aql"Joll AfqdlE E-e r15 GI=^l== -EE + ?ltf.
^lE6lr.xl:'JLltl. @ rsEfl 6ffi fr\ +ttL+ailE1AT+ FtlllE ^411 FIiFA "
c) ^ gJ= +LH dEl-= E9-d 0l30llzl 7l+61.= rJtrlloJolLf.
^l -
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@ n,642 E'! tly."'at+E h F ft.H,ffi / ti6 ;t ffi ,lg.
O olH zJullg"l+q=3 E=H GIaJol 7l+--J A0lrl. *+h F mE,H/ rffi ,?+E[g T +&ffi .
-
^l_+El_+
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^leHle
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EJOfH]al=
qld !el= lfaJol ^FJol
.PJrL
- H ;tP+ U€t Ft+dltI#,X tr "
- +tH d"Joll U^l6f= LJEAL|tl.
FfiL)E,
^+E
|htrfr, 4hEZ)., 'frtW, )rr.E, +fr-
I EEE, ^leHl, rlfl, g^l6ftl, 7l+6ftf
=7ll=oJ, This year's profit will be used to help the senior citizens who
live alone.
O By participating in the campaign, one can help the senior
citizens who live alone.
€t The campaign is about donating the cellphones that are
not in use to the unprivileged neighbors.
+ The profit from the recycled cellphones is used to help
the neighbors.
@ This campaign's profits will be donated as medical expenses
to the children with leukemia.
- Last campaign's profits were donated as medical expenses
to the children with leukemia.
@ Wnen people changes their cellphones, many sells their old
cellphones.

- There are many people who neglects their old cellphones

at their homes.

leukemia, medical expenses, senior citizen who lives

alnno rcqnr rracc
vet nadlaal
' 'vYtvvr,
don2to
vv'
'vrv

1al 8'J o! 6||€ 353

37
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rl= trJ=qr. :de-qe r.l+l ^lt_=61.=
gtol €+-d 8E= += aol 7lg0ll
1l= ol=gLltl.

E^E, qArl, +71, -'19{ ctrl

^l+!,

38
eddlE:stLlEt.

3€4?] Erl, Br, rElE'ltl

354 | cnapter 3 €'J "l ;ll€

 E+E €54 "JEoll E|l6|l r_lr+ tsaJol Ea+a 96l
olej:d
dotgg €40il r|16|| 0l0t7ldE glco+ EH.J 90il=
d0t gg=rl
--rl €44'"J$oll tfl-st 0l0t7l7l LtS= 4g= ffi
+ gl+Lltrt.

dq , rtHJ dot, g+.1,

=aJ, ^ff,8, =E

lEt €.J "t 4€ | 355

40 h + + WW&H \lL+ rL4ffi. *E tr fri)fri %.r* l:t'X tl ifr
'

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+g= 6ltl EE Ef
:4+_E=el ^lf,q A Wfi ill+fi frLft A + tIffi +
HltrJ tsol-^l^l +.J'J rl ?18 + ?l+Lltl. ffi fr\ ffi fis "

O 8+E €^4P + 9ltl. @ t+#ln#il1fr\ffi#H

^lileHl=
€)
^|le
^l|
gs-d €+ €4qql ttddlE=71^l.J g.+.
^FJe # 9lE zlo+ e
- ffi Fl"ffi WffiF'! Il+ t/. t^ffiFr.
rs+E itR +filA' ffi + fr .
tLJ

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=g
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! aHelel.
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@ E^llE fl?]e BEqal= +aJ^lE + fltl. +tifrfr+.
^t-r.q
,r.ll.E Erlle-l floJg +€-.J EEqq alEE "JIl 38"J
- @ WN *fralFtr fti)#WilI1FW{t h .
Llrl.
@ €+= -stflel EE =dgl= 3E tsZl E+:g 'ioltl.
- r'JifFiA€fTn"

- ol rH'JollE LlEl+ 9lrl Lr+Lltl. x+z,Afr+, tR^fi!, €R, Zi*

g^l 28, E+6ltt, +gdttl lf you teach a class avoiding the late-night sales ban policy
=849],
enforcement of academy, parent's burden will be high because
private education expenses are too high.
(l The government's new policy can increase private education
cosl.
O No one agrees to the government's newly announced policy.

- The ones who are agreeing to the policy are the ones
who expect the decrease of the private education cost.
@ The private education's fundamental reason can not be
related to the public education.
- The reason of private education's problem is due to the
weak public education and overheated competition in
entrance examination.
@ The government will enforce discipline on the illegal act
of the private educational institutions.
+ lt does not say on the conversatlon.

comoetition in entrance examinatlon, fundamental,

enlorce discipline, Poor

356 Chapter 3 €g "! 6llA

 141- 421
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+Eol+= aolr +€4 4EEe ++-d EE r.-l1l dlE A"JLltf. ral fl^ll 3€4 trlEE= 6t|0F 6l-z
^l4dlq
fl^ll +€4 trlEo-4= 6l|0t --Jrle? saJ^q ++^ffi r||cle.-+ --J €-d 97e11 rfeE qt+^l= trlEEE
6l| CEdf-l -74 ++^f= +€4 4EE= dt|
^E =l€4
3^F= CE.:d+a:cfLltf. E+=al.clttJ EoFol
gg++=,J^tEz€4?] 4fl8 = 2)/l Epl n|]Eoil trl-E
+ ?l= +€4 trlEE0il 3Jd= ^l^l0l
+=Oil rrl.al
"J=
==
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+= aol
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$=ut ifl{l= sttll +E a0l 4tr-d trlEE
==0f = ^146t|^l
HJE 0
| 0 lLJTl $4:ct;l rl.

41 I Hkli h-Ekl fifr9 l.Int64x?5ffit!++^hatr*1trtft

'J^E dLi6U 371= +0ll E|=EJ ?te 3= i H+s.r+filrdt, aidrEFffi.=fr\ Fffin*"
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i +zh, @lk'l+*1€t!., **XftE
.,:rill +erf, ZA4"J 5fl, gJtl
The man thinks it's a proper feedback method to give a
=El=
compliment to raise one's spirit and then point out the problem
to give both the carrot and the whip together.
learner, constructive advice, lose interest in

42 4t + z # F.Ex^h a tRte Fffi *t ifr trfi .

ry.

3€4
-sr.AIf= trlEH-{= 6H ,J^l= .!E=.^IALI+. @ Hte+zhFt\FwtED'Wffi.
^E
I -r.E -qrG^|.= EF-Lf a= =
,JEel
ATI6|-E LIE|I6|1^|7| drf.
glrl ?J6Llrf.
- A6iEfi'Hr4.
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_ clrE EOFel ^l^l0l ggf z€4oJ=_7= == 5fl=
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@ rn te + # 1F H Ell, Z t)fr ++hffi i'tra\ tuI tr -:j" "
g ri=
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84-.Jtl. @ Hre+ z # €tT lE Bi++E fiF,te.il1, tH tx.tuI n ffi "
9 r= -+4=^f= eE4. +34 trlEE= -El41 "J: ri= dE--Jrf.
+ _zE -++^1.= +54 trlEEE 6H 3^F= dE=rl+Llrl.
-
H tN+ z a Iffi E.h a #te n_ffi a\ ifr ,fi "
= fiAtefr\, iH&ft, H2X, tKtE, i\Et. fF,R^EV,
384, +d4, -78, +=, golrf ,

==01.+rf, ^l^l0l The beginning level learner preferred the instructor who gave
, a positive feedback.
i O Wnen receive a compliment, a high level learner can fall
into idleness.
--- lt does not say on the lecture.
: @ Wfren accumulate with knowledge in a certain area, he/she
tends to avoid listening to the advise.
- When accumulated with knowledge in a certain area,
to acquire a constructive advice, he/she becomes
interesled in the hearing negative feedback.
: g The beginning level learner thinks it's important to be
encouraged by compliments.
: @ Higfr-tevel learner prefers both the positive and the negative
foadhrnk tnnat
.-r-.ner.
- High-level learner preferred the instructor who gave a
negative feedback.

, positive, negative, high-level, standard, raise one's

spirit, accumulate knowledge

1Al 5'J "! 6||E 357

 143- 441
H^l : af8-d g=ol olq^ln 9t=ollE E+6fr el=6l7l7l zlalTltfr= 6f=tll-". 013ts Hfe trl^llE^l ttHEglltl. El^]lS
+al tsOil Hol^l pJE dEE 4a )l= E^l g^fE, oJillql AF6H ,+= E=71€El= goTl-L Eg zlts=
^l=
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;lJr +g
=al^lxl =olll€
rlTlalE q:Ezl 6HoF -!Dle? +c rHg 7ld€oll^l !l^llE^l 5E= Ej9]6l.r trl^llE^l eE.aJ0l LHald
=i^161.=
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=+Llrl.
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=+Lltl..
El^llE^l-e+El +al E= 4E-d laj0l =J-9.-ctLltl.
^IZL||=

43 : H -t(h lR'+r&lr1 I ff E&ll1+ft t1'M+, Effi tl

64t

^it hT H'f4@R+tfil4jH*
fl\*)t, Fn\&ft.Ytu1trF^F'
'Jrf= 8E= 9lE6f= El^llErle+El 9al EE ^l4LH= 4E
-Lr!.ajgl EJ96f+n -i{oo_e'Dl,tjlflIl0ll tH--J tHHle AA=
'I Nttf'fi.'E*liij'/t"
el+.'71 7|-8 4tr-sfLltf.
^lzot
5E, eEaJ, 0tel=E, ^lE
TlaJ^|, tril, 7lAf8, Dl^_=., F\frb, &^at, T4'&,R'P
9lE6frl., 4E-.J, 6JAHE
The man said we need a extra effort to protect from the fine
dust that threatens our health. Therefore. 'to protect our health
from the fine dust.' is most suitable.

bronchial tubes, lungs, meteorological administration,

concentration, warning, outdoor activity, block mask,
threat, extra, protection of the environment

'ffi.+EID)4 .x+tu\wEFfi DJ',tF_fp.W"

44
r l^JlE^l= ?.lilloll fl F6t7 | ufl 9lE-arLl tl.
=oll ,\il,'M\ WELK IFffi, tu:Ehft\, r,"+
el=, E^llE^L ?.lillE=7lEaJ Eq 7Ei
^F-^[BlPlTl\
^ff,
R-1. 'ffiW)1, RFXtXt+, rf F-F' *ft'Hi$fE
'JHH E7l, 'J'JEE, rt|E, 94 115
=8 Fine dust is dangerous because it penetrates into the body.

go out, fine dust, body. respiratory problem, immune

function, automobile exhaust, cigarette smoke, heating
fuel, factory exhaust, combustion process

358 Chapter 3 5'J "! "=|1€

 145- 461
'J^l : -PJe Eol trtoll tt|ot|,\l fll gr= ?i eGLltf. +E= ?l-d ItrJE 6l^l Er-" 'Jd 6t|0t-* "Jol
1
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Af=
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dl= =016.
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=Hl6f1l =e-d :48 olaHoll^l
lfil, 3E0l +0ll 3E= 6lE +EE ffE6l= E4EU E=Eol E EHIEJ+I -stt_ltl.
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IL =9--JLltl.
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=tlz :stLltf.
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45 x Zi'f+ }lh ifi rnffii w_t# fr\ x,qd,

ffi ERH U + iJt{a\ H T E 15

Arg 't $Sf =Jj:LI =Jss 6E{ trlfl-d !=

trfll ilzll -ate.eul AE+Ule69q X$"ttuIEryffi&"
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+!= =e-.J aJ7|xlz)l E'J + 9ltt.
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? r1z1 5q1
+
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,lol
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- ft XtsihW+r\YU' ffi ERiff F.
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101
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=GLlrf
itrE+, FEl6, 'nfttr.'ffiT:1tu\yfr"h. Wffffi. ffi-b
f:.i:1r +8, =""U8,
+lE, 4=J-d =JE, trle'zJ, 1==
Sleep plays an important role oi resting the brain from the
exhausted day and to prepare it for the next day.
(f The brain needs to rest to spend the next day active.
@ Reading a book at the bed before sleeping helps to get
a deep sleep.
+ At the bed, it is good only to sleep.
@ Working out before sleeping secretes hormones that induce
a deep sleep.
+ Working out during the daytime, secretes hormones that
induce a deep sleep.
@ lt is better to have some light to come in to the bedroom.
+ lt is better to seal the entire light source to make it dark.

deep sleep, sunshine, go to bed, intense activity,

I sense of fatigue, first step

46 E kf tr{Ajefl H+ER F.! ri*a Fx= tF*.ft+tr.

J^f= +Esl On=,i1l7l^le Ll+cl7i1l4o+ €Edf-Z ?l+
-lLf. ^Eff, Egt+. hfintt^R. rtltr, 1F#,

-, +iil4, €:e€, E? The man is concretely explaining the how to get a deep sleep
=71., =rllE, ^l46frf in three different methods.

detailed, importance, research result, problem, @int out

1ii 5.J tr! o-llE 359

 147 -
481
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LJ^f : LJl,
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6l^ltrJ 0l E+= gEl4"J E+Oll Erl:ilr., qaJol= =rJ
rHAlo-+ 6l^l-E ?J?toq 86Erf_E Dll+ ELi?t+Llrf. s-d
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E4= E+ 4+aJr= 56t| HJAoll +zt|glq gHJ trl^lotloJ 0l== A= g"JLlrf.
=rl7l

47 X+F it R k1Lfi nT t! E- tt'l+ffi n.

+L ++

E^[eE A40ll rJ-d E+= "Jal4?] fl+oll Erl9l+Lltf. o xf + H

",&
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@ H+L++ REfr n+t xt 4' +r.A ilbtTt .
@ r.x1e= Ezl E+= qalol=g r11AFo.e -d+. - fl'rft++frTtT6frT*
- rH-+g== rliAfee =daLl+. @ H+L++it+#H 1+4t1,.8ffi itr"
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HEE^llrll olf l-= olcl^t lrl = -
- T+=vlllll d/ l= EAHelLl.
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@ E2J +el 5al3 E^leE gq= n|l'J A6-Jrl.
+ .!LF-q ilTt
O-
Tlrdl
.\t-v[ HTlr lrl ==
ol:U oH-t"t. - trFfitrsnffiF|Jffinn=Fe.
-tv[

EA\, Efrnh, dt€i, $in, *R, NlEWNt,

E+^|-, 6F4al, +91, Erl, ral "l+71, +4
^|ts,
5al, 9614, rlqg?, al^l, 0l= =iz Arhl+ErEFA.7:, -tL'l+k\, +^il1f E, !E.HA-"],
ti6x
}EE
=HJ

The research about the Mozart effect was a mere one-time

research.
(D The research about the Mozart elfect was done onry once.
O The research on the Mozart effect was done on the children.
' lt was done on university students.
@ The Mozart effect'did not get a response from the parenrs.

- lt became popular among the parents.

@ The spatial reasoning ability only increases when listening
to Mozart's muslc.
+ lt happens through every auditory stimulus.

intelligence, researcher, creativity, part, effect, pictorial

puzzle, spatial reasoning ability, one off (oddities),
exaggerated advertisement, record company, profit

48 H*1&t1ffitrfglffiIflHai, 6'fXH+L++E *, fri HFfrHEfr fr

'J^1.= 3Z +al _"^feE Eqtg'J olt_lal E= 34 iff & +F + F,i s * * tr r'J nfr n# tuI ffi. n.
fr U

0ll 016l| €Ztl.= =el3 rll,(lo=lq E+rfel eldoll HJtt|olr ^|]

916
LILI. =1= fifr, ffin, l.F'/fetu,4&ffi, i+frffiffi#, jffib', Effi,
+ev
f.7N
8tHU, elz, 4=4, +E €E= 6ltf, -E^dltl,
=71,
+Edl-tl, +€f6lti The man is opposing to the researcher's opinion by suggesting
the proof on the spatial reasoning ability can happen through
every auditory stimulus.

other pady, opinion, active, basis, expatiate, sympathize

with, accept, claim

360 chapter 3 €g g 6tlA

 [4e-50]
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q-93 Ll60ll trJ=cl^l= 2J|tte? gHJ4-oe q€3 5^l0ll qal 7f^l "JE a|E aql Hqu HJE
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^lE
0l +"JElGl "J=cl^l= aolall -d6llrf. q^lol tlTf qal 7l^l "JE al= aql HGILJ ^lol= ^ltrle.l q^Ul7ll
2;l? r=lzl
7|LH.;J)l rr|]=ql rJil ! +?l= -FJol ,uzl EJ a0lal.= +ggLlrl. olal Ll +5 Es|E q^ppl0ilxl= ^lill7l .J^fololotl
?lE,
zl= += aql^l -dE E rl= rl+^l= 8'-J#= -d flE 7l-^1E 4ol fl= qaJ
S50l^lE^l8t'J=
'JD|lollzl ?.!--Jrf
^l4E+r:crLlrf.
fl. aell olE €:-JE :d=rile. LJ^l.oiol= g'JrJ q^plol=
oJe= ^fE^|.€tt'JS ^lE^lE
rl-qf^|.= LJLle.l q-gol Eflolg r4+El E6H^l= ,iolal_r. +g=.^I+Llrl.
ErLlrl. 0l= d q--Joll
=aJrfr T||el =7lE qalEel elz=
rl|-d SHJE F +6r0il rHpl
=olHrjl+Llrl.

49 r
f,tEol d--Je gLle.l E--Jol EHolg ttll+El €6H^l= rl0lalr +
A6JL|rf 'f+friJffitr, tP+, fr@,, +*hi),*s1Th, t++x

d E-9, q-9, ?l^t5+, rt+^t. The twin research claims that the gender role of man and
=E4, ^f= woman is defined from birth.

gender role, fundamental, role, ability to distinguish

an object, scientist

50 k *14 lct rExt'l+,fri1 fr E k\ffi +tH tr 6! ffi t*, X tr HEfi

q^f= d q-=roll rH-d ATHJEJ F +5t= r_4zJ4eB 47H-d +otl En Efi E "E*I, " EI nt W +44 tiffi re&fr tl +.
F'!

rrioll rH-d 8€Esl slzE Hr.llrll ila|_l+. qal^l q^l rt, ^Illxt
ffi++EJIFIAtr*+H4?t.
7f7fel ts4= .J5 }]^l =ol
grr gzJ F_z 9l+= a=
=
Of
T Ol-4r
MH"t-t.l-L
===
= ^ i ilqE, ftw, 2+^1/'t, r^til,kl, ttrytJ

tsal, +rJ4, HlnJ6l.tl : The woman said she is going to ask for the opinion of the
=E6ltl, ==, i audience after introducing two opposite arguments "objectively"
: about the gender role. So from this, you can infer that she
: set an open-ended conclusion not limiting each argument.

, Otoue, logic, conclusion, subjective, criticize

lil 3'J "! 6l|€ 36]

 / :d l dEl]|.
:dLltrl
o -Etzll6lr l :ctLltrt
o=eol ErigLltrl
o qq L+= 7l=Htrl / tr1 EC6l L+iltrl
O n1=_:9... olore=Zf

362 lChanter3E "f dl|€

 gi€iql

ol ,9i4

ei+i.J

15t d'J "t afle I sos

 l\
o.oJ .4.9 oJiul:!,et j iq :lll jgjol ;tr} j.:- i l
=,-j-i*r ; .:r" i i

iriflrtl siEi9 AiElizli=;g

"ll ii igi€iql i"Ji a:7117l: :9+ir tli+iEi irH:"J
"f i
; i
i4idiql
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iEi ;i+i4i;i;i i+iq,"f,;' i"l+

,(l r:
i,tl .;|
xll L
L c, '6i
qi^lrE :+' r'Z& d:ql
4,+. ,1t,2):Y iE
qi^J: jdidi *ie
Ol
gl;4 ! :-7
9l i trl i. ' 4l:41 +, i^li+igi ,€;zl:Ei ig:4 I
uulj_=jzll ; j4l;4l :#
e := i + i. i ^l i + i

:,:i
^'l i !E;+i idj+
4iol .a' ir-qi+ 4;"J.
ii..iiii
.aiHl izll s;!l :zli ,.xglzltzl
1 -- l -- I i--- iii:i-:
it}i+ gi l€:eli6liri
l

s: iql'i+i. iz} 4l i4ie's'

TliE:oli i^lli+i.Ji .2-ltr
Ci:E 4,E.'zl ii:ii::' i4i*iqi^l i=
9+,9li=izl i. :zl:liol i4:+t+i^r iEig, t4 i+iE i :

^Jj,-
q 5o "Jru I tg ?\:
-T.j:,\^jri-=
:Ol:E:e qt
:+:1
^ljdjol o
^l+ , lt
zl i'll "J
-+- :zlizl I
E.
'
6JiEig 4ji+ial;Zl i :z\ Ci6linizli ir-iq
^l
6] L:
E: +i^ll i"l ul' | !.
.o}.dl, zll +
El :/\ El:zliE :ol i2:o:
!--:-Uie:
?
-f
:f.

a_ :ol Et i. .
:l::::
01-:o
f:- tr_i i^l +i rF:zl:E. 'zl
Hl zli9 gj6J d.o

a q
€i6Jie ol "lrtizt-,g,
i-ct:=':
,:=-.zl.*f
la:E,-l i;li .qtI-i
!-: :^i-:
ql ZI iE +i"J oliq +i i+i^ll iE:"1 i i=:
ii::::i: '6:4:zl dL
ol o rE tltzl ol :q ei l+i :91 i4:B: e
rl
'4i^ll
zl
u qt ol,ul.;xl 6l:= ul:zli :=: '4i.1;+:.

364 i cnapter 3 I'J "f at|€

 ?171 gq(1fl-50H)
01 02 03 o4 05 06 07 08 09 10
o\ e @ O) ai c @ @ o\ o\
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
e n)
v @ o\ @ @ @ o\ o @
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
o\ e n\
@ ad
\v/ @ o) /a\
v @ c
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
@ e ai ai @ ad
@ @ o
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
o\ @ o\ o) n] c @ ai o\ @

I 1HAEDA1H tr -A.f--W&*z\ * Ef iEi*, _

Ho | +"
= =
elEl= Ee= Hltt dE8 ++Lf +g^al+l ( ).
rLW, fttr
ft) -l rtrl orrL
v
=
Llll E{Ll @ al= Holrl
A :r-l
\) ofll rl=ulLf A 6t olrl.
v u
^lnl
-Yt
ael

0lEl 86H^l glZll 'JEdl.ti= ,i= LlElLtl= E-Ei

EHIL
-E
tf :dLl
H0 | rr.
= ^lE6lloF

dE, +=J^=Jrl

2 i *4-4$F!+qt4H4trtr, HI4,^H+ffiR.
+olqE= dlzlr r||g ( ) Bol LE
^1q= =+
"J9trl..
: ffiEE. TILffi.
O ETJLI
\J' 6^fuf l @ #-a q,q
; The experienced content is started as the reason or cause
3:dEt Lt|EoI 0l+ E= fl?]01 Elol olE LlEl.U ,iE Efl I for the changed state of alfairs being presenfly withnessed.
6l-r lrl- =rl.7l
j diet, starve
rl0l0lE, #rl

3 i wfl tlEJ = atJ#rLIE nwFtrzi AEtrrt a?.h tE 4. h

Eol LJ+ ?oJlJ +S E4 + gt= i xffi]^6tfi*HliE6l" ^ffi
^lzoltl.
@
^lEEtU
6ltf @
^lE-g
+ H+oll fitf i ,EtFtEr"E, fitr|f.f" , fi*t1tr
@ Z -:.a;r1
^lE-g
@ + flE €s.o1r1
^lE=t
i Find the situation where the sickness is too serious that no
At€Jol L1+ d46l|^1 tsaJzl laloe_= 6H=-g + fl= i human ability and effort can resolve it.
8E|l= LIEILH= 1= ^laJel
*0|.0t 6JLlcl.
i serious condition ol sickness, beyond curos, cannor
Eol Li+ ?tl, += € + $.tr|-, + flrl. i be cured
^lfl-at

1El €'J I 6li# I 365

4 I IFffiT #mFE€fr86+fH4\fr\ryie=4ltEEilti4fl' BF' Xr.

aFttxv 3q3
I

€E-e E aale
=rlE-g
=a"I. 1 rfi, HiB€rtrE-F
o E^l E-grtEt @
=^l
E-g 'J=
The contents of the front with the words indicating that a sinila
@ E6f= t|lE @ t|1coll
=^l =^l =df= amount or degree 'by not listening' is similar to the underlinea
gel LHE0ll Hl+-d +aJolLi 8Eg= L|-EILH= "J= ^l'E-d'=^l part.

E-g'J='ol "J= +Eal- Hl+-stLltl..

T!
listen, listening to music in high volume

=rl, = ^ale =qt= =trl

g+!fl fFffi fffi rE € x Bl i€ nl.

5

^PJ6f= ^l
aJollzl
=3
trt^lel='S=6t^lle.. s
7 \
.f#A
tF' iF+ aEE

ai fa @ OHOJ

o olE @8s Find something that is related to the commercial on

'bed'.

'trrrlal'el- alzl?l= a= a0pt -'JLltl

dream, lover, blanket, birthdaY
E, oHoJ, olE, 8g

6 ffiE+k5\x+'i*a"' HTLJ"', 4E#'H XffiEH "

2o16Ll El+ ErlEel 7f8 -FJ3 dEi= E= E.E, ffiIi, fr'*M, 1*#, frT\
ulT ou-l -lo
Etlcl -d+clEJ
=z!
dat+ +rH^l loo$0llzl= 5i7fel T.!=J
^l?l =€
O^4 v otrl
/ot Find something that is related to 'reader', 'publish' and
='l
A TH6H (9) 'author'.
Eel
'=^f. '=rJ, '4)let trJ/l9t= A= *01.0t -sfLltl. journal, journey, movie, reader, publish

"J71,
q=.J, ga[, E^[,
=Z

g iEt+EI D)^ Hffi Fn I ffi ffi tr1 Affi .

7
7f^la tlLl 7 | +EJ4al+ll^l9.? i"14, ?rKfff, ift+, +ttl, fr'+, trifr
Hl|ElalTl E4 'J0l^l Etr6l.d.q.re?
o l^ll'tr. {tlE"o | ?lGLl tt.
.rtL z1.4g
^l^e!
. HfiHAI= EAtlEEfl!
. -.J fl 48^l7J77l^ll
Find somethtng that can be charged and carried around.
=deil
rl) r[^l ro
v
LH.^I]-?
oo!
dictionary, refrigerator, automobile, cellphone, charge,
@ +q Eat
wear oul
Tlrl? +Ll: ,i= AoioF -'JLltl..
=d6H,t.l
,^l.d, 'Jdr, +ttl IEl., '.itl
^l€:^f, =d,

366 Chapter 3 E'J "! 6l|€

I
.l
1Ft 8-J g dt€ | 367
 O i*Frlfits&lEBtt A'{ft.
ro E

+s+7tel
- i*EFtr&lEl+ETEA"
trJ9.1(%) =EE @ +iEfl+trH!th/lBF Ft.
25 @ +i E + Er, ^E'4tu 8 t4 I*, "
fl! r&ffi
-- +h tr ftr&lE'Ft.' .tr.\futrK E "
20
@ bLoECD ffi +'!'fHHF'! tr AE+tr.
15
- bhopcrYi?I4]rfr\Ex +f trfli*E.
10
r&ffi+, +r-!. fE Ft'l'[']t
5

0 e The smoking rate of France is lower than the smoking rate

i'+
=ff olrt nt=
'r- rtlt frf E+ EaJ
'tt-t-t OECD
=E of Japan.
tr+ + The smoking rate oI France is higher than the smoking

G) naJ,^.ol rate of Japan.

"JE_+r1 ';r1.
=SEg gEe.r1 +6Llrl..
, saJrel I The smoking rate between Korea and the United States of
=EEe A0l6ftt.
@ -.J=rl.!l+el America is different.

@ -.J+"1
=Ege
rl= LlalErf Lftf. The smoking rate of Korea is lower than other countries
=EE3 rl= Ll-alEtf +P ol"JLltt. - The smoking rate of Korea is higher than other countrles.
- -d+ol =EEP
@ oeco EEerl ts3 Ll.af: nl=oltl. @ The country that is higher than the average OECD is the
+ OECD EEeq +e Ltal= -d+4 EaJ/.oJLltf. United States of America.
The country that is higher than the average OECD is
-
EEE, Et' Afol6ftt the Korea and France.

smoking rate, average, diflerent

ll o E BB+ilrE *E"n 4n, itrxtHpEF^]s4l"

@ fuIE IF.HH6E FTL,IH7'E+FEF.ffi trI&"
r]?E4E+= +-lHJ7lLl€-E.= z;$oltlE 6ir., 1l I€triE€ +FgIg:ME4FH€64+ila-AA, ME
oJ= 6l.7lL-l 3qt= + E'\!ltrEel trJal-d 715 ttt|Eoll -
,elI4t,E€68+ilint',q_5+dlifr fv*30fEXB^lEEE.
ar^lE ?J= -d+. ral|-l
^rfEE=i 2J7J= =^l
+011^1
@ 4bffir- zil++ tr*4fr 'e- + 4'N EE 7 6E'f*itrERE€1i3tr.
^[aJ=g
.^rlE$g €F /.he-6|.E 6t|ts + gltt. '\EIEE
rf E ,l.lolol 7lalE 3OcmE +^16lr., l/.l7J ,'.lE
:71-2 -'ftffi -f
4' Et Z tr E | - 2 h +tuL tLY|''&!+ "
@ ftrE ft fr\+ tr%,xt 6 a?If.ffi tr FE+dl.
HfalEE E-d oJolLt
E 8E= H
Ll+ "Jg =E =ti. ==zl= ^f
EIE+ ,\186l^l -eJoloF -dtl.
- infr\ aft.+EE F! +sRE 4r,HE H?+ttr"
^ry
=oll,t.l=
el r'.ElE=3 traldl^loJ E0ll= ?J= + 9ttt. | ftxt. tNtt..lRl.++XK, WRI:;'A
=^l
ztrz;3 t'l7J + 9ltrl
O ^IIEEE +011,\] HIOF
=r = O Smartphone is convenient but it can harm the eye'
- rrfEEE +ollll tsr H{= "Jg fl-o$ 3Ocm 5E'gol
-dall+. O To protect the eye, one has to look at a smartphone b)'
EE
^1^l
@ i-2E €E.
=+r 1^l?J 5"Je +lGIoF tso1 ZA6ltf. taking the hands off.
:'^l+
^l€i6l.-7
- r^l1i.f8 + 1-28 EE E H= A0l - There is no mention of looking at the smartphone by
Llrf .
== =tla , tat<ing the hands off, but it says it is good to look ai

@ ?-toll^l= ELtlE /'EIEE=

oJ EJtl. i it in a distance of 30cm.
^i
St0ll,\l= EIE= /.F:-6l^l g= A0l grfl
^l€:6fE
-==al=
=""IG
i fo keep the eye healthy, aller 1-2 minute use of srnartphone.
==al= ^i , the eye should rest an hour.
Llrf.
i - lt says, after a use of an hour, it is good to look into
a further distance Ior 1-2 minutes.
tr4e, E+= +-zt+tl, 3H= Z^!6ftl '
' @ On" should never use a smartphone in a moving car.
i lt is said. it is better not to use a smartphone in a moving
-
I Caf.

never, communicate, search information

368 Chapter 3 3g "; 6|I€

 12 O 4U/F?+EI7 gtkfi!4if-"
LHTl=0|-dl= 7l+7|-ga.!"J0ll -dtf. 308 +oil - Etfr,-z thfr\tr,iffilR4 ltf )'EIHA,
7 ltilh+
tu TE4d€i
=,l'lE= J JIEI I.
eaPJ qlr|]Tl^l\tEl=rll
+4 €alln Esalrf. 3E
o\ $d3frlfilt WEt fsl tr€^-Fn H-J lHl.
=^lE
84E0lal^l g= dl= E ri= E, Ed= q= E rf=
Eitf, r.l rtr 7.]Etrr ornrr gof ?lrf. II.JH 3E -
30 h\ ++ tr JMt+2*lfi/'t, EF\4 + +thin4.
ovt+,\l
oJoll 2.J401 rH{.lE|fl=r1l 0lHollE +^lzJ0ll
=/\lE=
r|]TlsJ 7i0l
o f; +fH€iFlEa^Hfurff fr,tffi tT"
@ titHSf C ft*,
tZT 4?Ktr-f fgl.
=30lLr. - tift1R'FH-EfiiE*)tJ "
e geJ"Joll 7l-+= trJLJtl.

- =oldl-=
7f+7|- gaJtrJoll lE= 6l-= ,l0lrl 7l-+= trJLJ : jfti.'Jt, Ei,, ltiRKEt't'El
,i3 0fLJLlrl_.
=0|-6f= =
@ 8al-?] qlrHT1^l4fElalE 0l^l Eflrf. : O tr,,tet the favorite singer in a long time.
- 8al?] qlrH7l30E + Af/.l + agLltl. i > One's favorite singer is having a concert, not met the
o =, Lr=rl.^lAt=J
g4oil rl= gol E.Elrl , srnger In person.
=^lE rt|T.lElTlzlrl eal]
@ O lt was not quite far Jor the online reservation
^lUHql= ^lZ0l
- +^120il rl]TlElfl+Llrl.=a;+. r - The online reservation will start in 30 minulesi meaning
^lLJfl0ll=
: it will start very soon.
€allrf, oHTlElrl, grl] i @ Preoccupied with the thoughts on the concert, one can't
=al+
' concentrate on other works.
@ Last time, it took a while to be sold out.
+ Lasl time, it was sold out in an instant.

i flutter, sold out, take long

t3 t'{E E','di]st+'.' F-' +at UtlF H IErf H!lrFt.

(7|.) Filtffi€ H rsdiT;i++rEru.
(71) EIE E=dH^l El-r. ?ltf.
(aD,ftrEx+ ^,,\?&B'!E|H,
+H!€ ffi fi! ffi+ftW r+r
(+) qliJ.EJ^E0l
tl^l -dH d4dlE ^lsl4?]801
=^il7l
+ 9ltl.
E ffi."

=a|.tr (tl)' E E 6EAFi'Y6'"

(rl) '^l€'= 7l+e g]eE 'a^f7f EJ+= aoltrl.
(al) rE14 rl€Oil r|l-sf olovlTl oJElLl= 6d
(Lt) drrsf+FaB-tLfftifr
^'i3t]Ag{&ffi +Bi*44"
oe El-/\ltrl? olrf =rlE3
E+, ,i++l"lEE, AffiF'lfi$. Hrg. +iffi
'raJql" '01^laJ" '-= aol+ E€ E6H^l +^l= Hlezl LfEg ^+,,
+ 9,I+Llrf. Through 'however', 'like this', '- is what it is' one can list in
(71-) 4l= E=6H^l E^ll7f El-z ?,ltl. a correct order.
(af) rflql^l€01 rH-d ^f614ololTlTl
+ (7f) Recently, the suicide rate has increased and it is becoming
"JE1fl=
/\ltrl-J ^Efoll
olrl =01e3 =doe a social issue.
(+) 'rl+i'= z+e. 9loE 'Exl715J+= a0l+. (a[) However, there is a interesting story about suicide is
(Ll) ol^lal q.^l -dfl g46lfl oJ80l # ?lcr. spreading out through the internet.
=al.E (tl) The word 'suicide' when flipped, it is read as 'live' in
?18, 0l0t7t, E=6trt, KOrean.
^l€, ^lil4
Ei,\ltrlrl- =r1t, =rlee (Ll) Like this, thinking il over once more, a life can be changed.

suicide. social issue. life. interesting story, increase

rapidly, spread

1il EtrJ "J 611A 369

 l9
oJElLJloll/.l ol z=Elflo-qe rlu "J= ol= rll l =
"JE eopt^l{trlel
BJLltrt.

{lrf^f, frt, aE, +^ll, EtrJ

^fEEl,
r\ ==d,

20
o flEe trJEt4= ?lel'Io+ F-z1ztrolq.
- flEe "JEIEE ?.!ElLl!oll gz1 tlrjg. rEAElLltl.
O flEe +'.Joll E'zJotr gE:'J ?iol +€oltl.
- flEe +="J= rulell HJgotr d^!-d otoltrlol= TlTla-
glGLlrt. \
@ flEE f4rce geiul Ealrlts rll+ -=Etl.
-.J

- flE= g4ee 6|ts BEIL| =aFPlglrlal nFELr. flA

Lltrt.
o-flEel oJ7l7l oJElLt! a?J Hto?7tl7.l 0l0lrlr ?Itr[.

E,J"6ttrl, BHo:ltl, EEtr[

372 | cnapter 3 C'J "! ol|€

EE4 -HAl

rEt €g g ale I szs

123 241 -
Lt= d4ol E6|]ll eg=olE uHt= trolfi.rf. rg ol.dollE uul.$ zjffoq ,J= 7la 9i*.=t1l "J Ll+ Ed6l
gnl?l Hqll^FJol
g+al
Zq^i EJcJ6ln nl=^alfl+. -.J +0ll= 71nl= ==a- l=dPll Zal= +36l.E,\l A= E+01 ++:d
g= ,\lzg r-J =
+. r 1laJol Ll= uJt6l ^lrfgJ^ltrJ Lf= Z€o-e ?7HtrJ rFq6lr. ^lLl4Hlalq. ^1Ll0ll
"JGl'Jrf. ull-JE
LHal7l.rf7l._atrJ g= -{rlrlll g== cdl.zl rl-^lr. "J9,irl. -d5"J ?8= 6lE,\l
eJ^l s=zll rLJ 0l.doll ++:dE ltaJol

tqgal+. E= 'Jg a 4)lE dla- El30l +At-'^Itf.

^Ft =ElZl =cl^l

4s R€,\frt,€+EttJ fr , iF 6 El 6h'L',l€'fft 'R. tr rlt+ +tiF

23
LlrL r otH:t T^ulL-.:
HEt:lfH /7l-Hnl
lEvl
fLl I ql+l
uE-l-l' lrl Ju
-al '7lF=
rue +o f+,1'1€ditET D-I.
TEl
=TLl
=:-9.
== ^-
trl E-t-t.lr!
J -Elt
DA,'ffitil, IXEH, {F,sR, fH, i+tl,(fstB)
,J?Jol, .J'JbftL l=6ttl Ml€Lftl, +?6|tl, ttl e = tl
lf someone run into one deliberately, it won't feel good. Find
a simllar emotion.

gait, suffocating, relaxed, agitated, run into, cone acro$

24 o ftrh^H,fuE!/\ft1+'R"
o Ll= rl= /.l=JErl Eal z= troltl.. @

@ g g+al dE6l ZoE^l Z= E!,ttl. -( F + iq€ E3tJ t!.,el,€tE F! 61 6"

-
^laJol
g+al dfl6l eg.+= LIIE3 0l fi.+Lltf. @ ft xf T 4',1,+E3U fitl\*lltrl&€ 7 +i"
- =0ll
@ Ll.= +E6l ++-.J 8=dl4l
^tzl-eltl.trl=
-
-. "J+el +=;-.J +oll^laJqlzl
ZS9.e 6f= E E i{A @ &e€!,llqFlJrtnryi['H.
Llrf.
^lrl= . +E VilElFIJT JAII H fi,! €AEfr E € FI A.
@ Ll= 7]tr|= )1tl= +23611^l zr 9lg.tl..
=-aTl;.:l +rJ= 6lE,t'l .|FJP goll^l ,fEf*,
- 71nl=
=e
ZtrJ IIH, HHTfuEE, P3UISfr, ffi}ff
r
/\l
lalo lt lr
E Helel,
=a
L

O I tend to walk faster than others.

+861, +rJ6l.tf, HJ!61 g= gtf, +d6ltl @ The person in front has deliberately walked slow and got
^ltlHtrl,
in the way.
r There is no mention in the passage that one has
deliberately walkgd slowlY.
@ t naO apologized to the person whom I bumped into
accidentallY.

- | deliberately bumped into the person and half-heartedly

apologized.
@ | was sightseeing the streets with a coffee in my hand.
+ The oerson walked the street with the coffee was the
oerson in iront.

accidentally, sightseeing, stare at, be punished,

complicated

374 Chapter 3 d'J "; dHA

 25 ' ffiffi'E+fti+4^mF*it-+leF#
^i,f;"'F-+ftfi? ^,
dfrL-L/\fgF.t++7"
El8-zf E g,trl. t= =+e oJqe +4'
'?]trf= +LlP *ol-2, 'q4'3 Ei9 -Lt *ql Eq Hft,, fta, +ElF!
ol+d-d E+=^l=J=
LlElLJLlrl. ^l=Jol
^ik.,
A 'crowd' means a lot of people, and 'crowded' means a
?ttrl, q7|I.171. EE4e-+ disordered area with a lot of people.
=+2,
llower viewing, crowd, here and there, nationally

26 Etr rtfr 6JH tuljrJ Ffi ffi4 tr)+i. rs-tr H *tI f E,*r&lfl
Ii h &f'-t+,'fE Efr fi fi!+BnttWjtrFfi &+T tr Ft 6l +"
IE +,J01 ZIE|]E
^llt|,\l =E6HE ^ll7+)+'
,(1E /.lL||oil= .JHH= trl+E rElle= tol ?lE Llrl.
L|1ot o-l-s frffi, ffi(+*Mk!}H). I-d-. ?tr|l!

=Eol+= "Jq= +eeql rEHEel d44 rl=rl= 7i

LIEILH= rll=oJLlrl. =o-4=
In downtown Seoul, there are places where one has to pay
= a fine if smoke. The title shows the action of smoking is the
rfElIe. 4+tl, 59"-1.trl-, +rfaltrf same, but the amounl of the fine is difierent.

fine, smoke, identical, impose

27 IsEX+XEAyXNRH*T€8, E-IilA+Effi)<T
+t-EA+EF!ru6.
e^i|fl$ o1LHTf 1r Tll1E-J3'HJHJ'

zl€e.l 3rllfl3 ?i oILH'J ,Jr. doJg= ??71.E+eol Llil 4,Wty, 4+h'+8, x+, ,tLrE
=
,\l "J=rl= LHEgLlrl. ^+,
It is talking about the economic bloc is managed by the wife
eElfl, TlllE'J, dPlg, 8B6l.tl.. ilal6ltr1. only, while the household affair is divjded equally to the both
husband and wife.

economic bloc, domestic division of labor, household

afIai, tair, handling

28 w+HE- tu1f N tuIfr ft tpK, ffi E-xt.f€/H€.4f 4b+ Fl +

4L15; 5]<E€ A"
+=7 =.Zl ^FJtf.
E 3="JLf+ rf8-o
e ^l7iltr
Lf+olq
eefl +"J8, +9, +Tl501 z,Joil
6H^l
^l=
ealql eJtl. rall^J ALf+= ql+El =q,r
( ). flaW, E!4, +RAfif, ferl#, ile\ttnt, f^1ft, ++, ++,
=JE6H
KE, 418, ifiH, &II,
4ll+7t +Eol Zr 230il tr g+q.rJzl
^tELl+?.!
ol4r lrL =e - Pine tree is a type of a spindle tree, which lives long and good
for the health is related to longevity.
+HJE, +9, ATl, A4r,
^Ll+, ^lzltr,3gLl+, =,
6f+, Ard, =JEdfrl, Egdlrl pine tree, four seasons, gtngko tree, pine cone, prne
needles, pine resin, firewood, brush, longevity, symbol,
appry, appear

lil d'J g 6||€ I 375

29 '
H ffi:r+ffirf,H' trHMA+*EH *fi t A€*F'!
0l? g.0l trl=6fr + Tt=rllE e+7lEl
^4.
EEfrf
=E-sf iH,ft, *ffi, THRE, 6tr)tr, t++44}R, t'14,
E Ll+ daJoil Etr= zlE .FJrf. z+
=al^l
7l oJ El71Ll f;$. EE= ^f=J=01
47lE -.Jtl.. olal ^El- -H{F!, *4{+, iHh
EE6ol4a o-f=t1l Zltre] Eqlql +al
- =Atg
E 61. 4-
=01
o.!#
+6l|,\l "J,,'.l4o+ LlElLl= i.lEe1 ,\.=
^l
allA 5 7f43 359 6p 7=14oe =d0ltl. (
dtG )
^l^l-= After 'eat regularly', the next to come should be about meal.
6H40ll Etol EJrr.
===
'+=l4oe. 6|-q' +=oll= sJzl?t= LHEoI eloF digestion, headache, insomnia, narcolepsy,
6lr Irl- ^l^lE ^]^lel
free gymnastics, occasionally, temporarily, regularly,
resolve
F5, E!+ ill^, Z+, g^l4oe,
^et,
fil^lo =E=, ===,
= rl] :l.rl-

30 F + tt*r Etttl&E *, tr+ F!4Hf+di 4*+H,, Ffi D)ffiffi*t

HlaJol += zltr, 7E0lE Ll= r*oil zrf.

I ft@tEl trrlh4++t5rF A+AXfl!.
LH 7l.J-d ^l=6lzl/.l0l= ZrfHE LH *rio1 4^l=
HleJol =rH= EJtf. ^al?]
F+, KfH, Hi$&AF, IEFa. +HHtl, f:tttwtr
'JtH= 4^l= AaloJ^l EZol "J -qE
^l
0H A0l nJal .tp-t trIfi= 95^l/l -.Jti. {Z^||=
!f^l ,Jrf. TlLlzJa Eol +++=-d=tfiol
A0l rE
rf=+ql= r=J =^JaJ
-d +E ral.J^lr7Jtr?]rl. rrHEoll
'JrH
Llollzl 7f=olal zltr3 ( ). As the reed's sound is like music, and lt's shape is like a brush,
it reminded ol painting. Find something related to this.
?JLHLalTl3s+ '5, Ar|1ol EoJOl eo|-,tl rg= rzl=
a^lal !a#Llrf. 0lef aJ4l9l= a==a0pt --JLlrl reed, appearance, brush past a person, jolt, shaggy,
blow back and forth
'J+, 8el|1, F?^lOl '\^ltl, -9.E^ltf, E=+=dftl,
olal^lal E+

3r 4+{3f 5' 6Eal FdtHT ffi )\ffr' EFiIH Xfl\FtE.

,J01.^l= Et|q+^lgElE$P qEl, -d^ll=zl.:et7fll
^lLH ft,+nfu, 'I,lb+\H, FfrttJ/F, HftW. z'l+
E^1 AJOil HJEII =J_g.-d qal 7f^l= H|18rf. EE 8+
^fffi,
709 €_Ezl^l 0laJ +t0l 0l+01^l=rll oH9JZ= trl= 7l
Zl0ll 7l-E tH+{iol EHGILJ -Lf -J €E 5J clal A0l^l=
^l
oltf. ( ) ol3-+'=J+ f,8'E nlxlxl E-d TlgAtql
^H
il+. aolrl= +lq+E rtrJ?l ?]B0loue.|-€Bitl
=q
al-= E= /H=J=rlE ral gtEpTlS gg gl= aolq.. Find something that is related to'if cute like a doll is not the
end.'
'+lq+E r"JoJ oJBol ofLlafal= +84 rJzl9t= rt= *oloF
6tr lr I
pet dog, essential education, showcase, doll, living
organism, habit
OH9JZ, -J+ r.3, Cg8, ?.1:d, 8Bill, 65

376 Chapter 3 d'J "; 6l|E

 32 I HHffiftZ"FFEt+HFlrEF.
ttl+8ol EBE^jaJ qTJdE Hfl'JqgE qLlE @ HFiftlt ft9:1418tuft i+ftt ffi fi .
El 9111. €i|-l ETlrlEel H|J.Jqil= +E E7l rvE_=. =Llol _ H€Dft1-EIU E H],III.
raJol ggFolrl. H|]Hqgsl=dolafE qg g€= fl"_l @ ++/t& '{ FSLffi+}t. t+itJffiffifrffiF.t.fH,E
DJ,
"
t|lE €-g + ?lrf= trolrf. oJElfl - + +
[:E E iftWH Xiilirftl fi,F,.
/E FJ L
= ^f+EZl
5+-af 5J301=oloF€E= +dvpl ral oJe^l ^lEol @ ft|i|+h + + EtEx+ 4.(E&T H Hiftt-ffi fl
?Jrf^l "
Lf 6LJ ri^ 4€4ai3 +Eol7l-E dlrl. r.zH - ifrft i|h fr + HT F.T H*'ft iT Ftffi ffi "
qg^F=3^JlrH0illl=
H|]'Jqgr_4E ?1"=ll -sfBflrf +"+a3
^J =LJ_=,t
qle+6|| +r.
G=dE l= €6H^J ?t^lU,!lg glg .^.-^. FHInFa. HHffiIi. ++. WE(,J. ffi.itEffi-. llt"F*.
-+ zlEl6l._E= 6l= HJ HHbrq=.J arE== ?lrl.
t+ffi+, itdR{, ifi
=^16lz
o Ht|Hqtse ol^Jl rJ olAt rH-+g=Ejel aol ol.Llrl. {lBackpacking is not only for the college students anymore.
@ H1|tsq="Je qil^lel ZIE]ojl qaloF dl= q:d AlEolrl. @ Backpacking is a travel pacKage which one has to follow
- HH.Jq:dg E= g€= rf+Ell zlE_t-=r + ?= q-d"J the travel agency's plan.
Llrl. Backpacking is a trip which one can freely plan his/her
-
@ ELJ=E oJEjflotl^J qg €E= flzll E= + ?rt.. schedule.
oJElLtloll,\J=e--J
- 6LJ=3 q"J EH= ZTpl aE:l fl^l ?J+Llr.L @ Even the middle aged can easily find inlormation online.
@ q="J^f=3 6LJ=4rH+g== plEl H|].Jqg €=E + lt isn't easy for the middle aged to find information online.
=Hl @ The travel agencies have prepared a backpacking package
- q-"J,\l=S plEf HH'Jqil
=LJ==
€E= 7t|g-dE4Llrl for both the middle aged and the college students.
- The travel agencies have prepared a backpacking
E+E, HH'Jq:d, g-3F, q-"J g€, -8r.3fl, ++r.fl. pacl€ge for the middle aged.
5ia1r1, =LJ,
=^lo-ltl exclusive property, backpacking, middle age, effect,
travel plan, plane ticket, hotel voucher, proficient.
release

33 O
A+EJLI ,\DlEEoll+1?l7l g+--J rrfl= rlEJ= +- - Ebfii)Gn 43i trJ D_l trUi+4. E iE"
tlE,3+71rH+Eiolrf. raJrll olrllts gil a1g 359 @ E)fri
?l^l6H/(J "J+01
^lE4o+ g-.t
EJrl. ol?i= gd ?.1^.1 i\l^EJ - ^ER4\6Z^F:AIfrH"
Ebni^^s^2 EtrtFIfrH"
olalr -zrrf. Efat LflE= SZ 1^= Ag EE @ Effii
BaJ
g Olo-lldlG €9.-l7lE o=fr 9+q= HE.-l7lE E
@zi ^E6'a.12rLfr4ri+"
oH+ EalPl 7l5olrl..
"-|ts
- T i.t E Etfr € 6ED1 H.! +# *"# E frfiil,*n A$q D) "
o ad oJ^l ll^EJo_+ Eq. g + g.rl. +#, Effii^*86.a* ft+, trfli+, hi^
'=5 ?.1^l el+q= flq"-H +7lE -Jl_lrl
@ 3€ oJ^l ^lA.Jp of^.] + g.rt. O The speech recognition system can't be translated.
9= ^l4EJ3
oJ4l ^lE--J
- =d l8dl_r. ?l6l-lrf. - The speech recognition system even translate foreign
o g€ ?.!^J /.|^EJ. EaJ= ol"-H-=r + g1rl..
^l4=J=
tanguages.
@ 0lll= r'.DlEgol F-zlg ?J EJrl. @ The speech recognition system can't be used yet.
^IEJEgd
- Fee15 AE.
^FJ=
?]4-E e.F 7f5-dtLlrl. + The speech recognition system is currenily rn use.
@ The speech recognition system can understand the order.

^FJ,
3d ?.!^.1 EaJ, flg;l.rl, g+dlrl. @ Now one should not input anything on the smartphone,s
^14=J,
keyboard.
+ Both inputting on the keyboard and speech recognition
system is possible.

keyboard, speech recognition system, order, translate.

Inout

1El €'J "; dHA 377

34 O ,RBI6E444ie4.di!L.

ts= os - iq€' H rL FHlLietFdillt Ft +"

'J++ +lgLJol d6H^lE^l aflelalf o\ ^
)3+E E)la 9l+. 6Hel+lg0lal "J rqe +LH7l=4= olLJ
el+oll T.l=6H 9t= 7lg0ll^l 4g= e= a0l+. 6tlel^l^l
- B0tr't€X. tr diltx& F'!'|FWFf"E"

rE4 7l o > F-:d YfmtY At^K Af r fE 4bjEE l* Elr.

+al|-laf Tlg0lLl-drl 7lg E= @ a iEtl- dillr T EI HzH E *ffi I "
g=
= ^ll3+9
80il^l +LtI-Er|- E-j3 +lg716l= E= + gltf. el+oll^l
gE'J6l.E^l e--J7f 'Jc + 9lrl= sEE ?r €=
- aiE4.di{LEf*Tf+zi5 x
jx+ZiHffi€^5rj" ^v)&.FEE,ff
l rht E{, {E

^12=
7l+, Tl+=rl*JGlrl rlLlloF -.Jtf7lLf flGl '=elol
^l0l
g
++6|]0F -dr[= EEE ?iol^l 6|]el+lg3 dilllxE, ietFdilll, tr A, ie4rli+()trtf],}^A),
=
0l-H.-7 HlaJ+. ^]=6|./l
=E6f7l=
O agel4gg 7E4 6frl E= trol
=tl. O lt is better not to be overseas employed.
- oHel+lEE "Jal= LH33 fi.fl+Llrl. qaJ^l grtl. +There is no mentioning on the opposition on the overseas
@ 9= +Lt|oll^l g^fal= +6l.= 'Zi? Ee
:*ALlq.. employment.
- +q1 +lg'Jol C6l+n @ Now days, it is not hard to find a career path domestically.
8EE= ttl^1^l .Ll=6lZl
@ 6Hsl+lgol
@;1e1flgg 6fE =€6fE
tf^l r:doll E0fe7l= =lltl.
zel E7lE6l.tf. - lt says there is an unemployment crisis.
dl|el+lg= 6lE 7l+ "l Tl+=algat| E5ol^l 9l0l0t @ One should decide on the overseas employment after a
- 61.^l
careful consideration on both the strength and the
"J Eg a3 Ol-JLlrl.
=0l.9rl =dlts weakness

+lg'-J, 6Hel+lg, +LH, 6|]elrl^1, rE4 7lg, flGI.=if @ lt is almost impossible to return back to motherland since
o; 1[01 one becomes employed overseas.
- When employed overseas, one will have to be separated
with friends and family for a long period of time, but it
is not impossible to return back.

unemployment crisis, overseas employment, domestic,

branch in foreign country, multinational corporation,
language and culture differences

35 i 4+t5lRHIX,ffi g^h\fr\rf lslf Ftr'f4 j&Tft+trWEfrl^8.

+7l|-l=ErJillg SgEl= TlgE 37lg0laf I Ex, L*W44,91+, LH4E\1, F.H|-L, fLJii}E*.

^F--e.e
r -.Jtf. ETlge $=el +4= ?l6H^l ollLl^|,
i Ert,ft
=€dl.7l
.EgElGl eJrl. ralL|.
u5, rJaJ, +q Eel Eotoll €=J
d= olal 87tg- ua 7lg=tr g7le1= "J
=q^l=
gel E4l"J0l E4elElol LI.HJ tsaJol golLlr 9l+. "JZ
7lg=e 013 +iE 440+ dlTl ttllEoll 9l-dtl
iE 9ltl. =EE
qal
ETlgel 6lPc elE-g Find a content on privatization should be finalized after a long
=
ZEel EE= 71rt +
=4= C
=E-d
consideration.
=€dlloF ^I.?Joltl.
"Jgaf=
^lzg
?r "J0fE +0ll
=56l|0F
-dtf= LHE=
nation, public organization, funds, public enterprise,
=E-.J
*ofoF -stLltl. privatization, pursuit of profits, become regularize

?7f, 88trJ^ll, 3719, "JBel, ol3 ++,

r|Lf
^E,
=/-iel

378 Chapter 3 d'J "! 6||tr

36 g +t4n R E fA tr +i F!HA+€ fH q+E F!,t' HE filifr ,fi 6E e
aJffite.fr\#Rfi!ru+"
-d+ql=' ts 7H+al d-e' a;.5 "J0 I ?lrf . E aHEalql
+e||EJ "J?ltll dlal= 4e 6lIl .9jr. EJqe 6fa]= ^l
_rd= += rrll 0l7l{o+ =01
g7H+al
cE= +al
l+^81fr, +iFl'f4, ti'lE, +8, fHtr, HX, ffift
^l-E-drl.
tfTl=Eoillol E- rHEalZLlE^f 436lrl E-* *-=
9!El. dlxltrJ tf=Zl 846t| HE ++E 6lIl et+.!-.J
0l0ltlol= rrlg= +E 9,La 11 =zf
gE= *0lg +E
?lE ?i0lr[. |trt|HJofl rfl-sf
==
?lrl"E 96lal i One must find a content mentioning on, if there is a mutual
7lr{E + 9lg =601 =:e =rl respect on the characteristics of a selfish and stubborn frog,
= 'lolrt : a positive result can be achieved.
0l7l40l? I.d^el3 87H+al .!-E.0ll [tl6ll^J AfE glrt
g= ==01
E AE4"J + ?trf= L|]8= +0|.0F -st|-lri. 1 lairy tale, community, cooperation, respect, on the
=rl-=
: contrary, orlginated, recall
dz||Eef, e5, HJqe, +e|IElrl, rqgalrl
=5^ll, =6,

37 x&ifEB
T H, tl tli't fr++rt 5U 7 EE+ F'! if R.
-d801 4e= flzl +-g + ?t= Ll.+,
^180il^l =,
a0l E0lrf. 0l 501= ezl +71r.171L14qE =, +
=0il^l ffiEle, i,fltr, $ttK. ft+flfr\AH, ffiru
fl= flqFd -g Z+otl^l.E-d tr01
^t|tr?ltJl-6t|0t
gaf =rl
Erl. 80l|-f HfaJ= EoE^lE E7l7f
=01= =oil
561.E+ dlr AE7f "J"+Zl -d
rl. HlLf ^trElE= 7l==^ldlTlEE?]
gal. HJ+ The content is about the impression on the ancestor's wisdom
4Gl^l 4ol^l^l ?JE=
=oil
7l5E rl:drf. d^=el gE on using surprising materials on a building that should be built
^16{lE
"J#E 5=Jrr. strong and incarnate and outstanding function to the building
Z+=oll olelol qqLJ 7lE€ ? SITUCIUTE.
-6H0t.-f= ^l|E= ^f8dl|^l
rldloll ,JeJa[=
"J-.J aAtel(.s5=sl)
=gLlrl. traditional korean-style house, humidity, water proof,
-d9, G-=, HJ+, da=sl 7l== Hl=rl wisdom ol the ancestors, rub on oil
^ldl,

38 8r,€E
rl= H Ll EE g6l.Zlel'J+Zloil E_r. EEol4E==
E-e-r. 1^llll Er ?l+. eoLlr|loil +g-iIE tr||c, 3"J,
€fr1^irl., E,lL, 4+6,h, *gE, ta, i6E,4flr
-aFl50l ++= geE^l +qrlETld=
tl. rl+-Bree^||A
qaqlll rulEr ELfdlZl LppJ + ^E-d ?tGl^l
g|o++ '+r= 13 llt|^l7l olal$
+r= 56H^1=g-drf= = =^lal
3^jl4 ol=+trJ ofLlaf
=dlrf.
a|-= qalE rl^.ll0llE 4=41 tr=dlr. ?lrl. 'e=^llrH =-Erol
Htl+'7f The passage was written in a positive aspect on the ripple
'a171'=
E716l= 56t| +s-^f4 Z AE4 0l6Hol effect of the retro fever.
^lltH
ll7vl Ela oJLl.
retro fever, reminiscence, curiosity, familiarity, public,
EEgI trE -aZIE 3€4?] +Eoll^l + -olt lrL
= H'tLt. communication, trigger
=Z =q
gE, +q, e7l^l *l+-sr tH+ E /l7l
=r

1il d'J "! dHA 379

39 *+k1tJfr?W+fr 1)tl%,NtE' lt-iE€ f'! $ri"
^'
( O ) tr+E C= Atgoll^l Hl|gtl=
,PJA 'i= tL+$ rEF, rc*, NE, Xtri#,
aol E+61dtl. (e )eE8+^lEol eF
^[aJ^]aJ 7l+el -atdE .lfrfs, trffi, '<qEWU,
nFfll
96H e+qlzl # (@) r +
=al =al
e+ol tl+=al= ^leq..
trJE6la 4f56tl,\l +4
='Je
g+= flEJolXl+:d61.= 7io+ ^l4o+ ^||U
E+dfitl. ( @ ) 0let=
g oJ-d €=^l+ ql d4el E;aJ= ++fi.r
Find the area where 'training procass' should go in.
^H'J, ^|]6He
q:gollE
7l^l E+rl € 43=qI+.
robot engineer, disaster relief, mission, disaster,
'=aJ rl.E'01 +EE +0|-0F -sfLltl.
=Gl'J missing person, daily help, quick, smooth

eE8+rl, ?4, g+, !=^i, 7l^i E+ol,

^|]U
trJE6l-tf, fl=Jd[tf ^H6t|,

40 H +',ii.EA€flY.t+k\8l1+' -EFtl, OdiEEfft €+.

(o ) q+i 7l+^fafE o.ellfH EJ^l7lLrol9= aol
f6+, tr*'tr47+rfrFf+. tsfBi. t'HkC,
+r.-+E 3Bo=lr !E ol=+e q+801 -Fi3 Ei"J^l
^ltrJ
tr=El dl+OllE E Ai4 +!Ll /.ELI 61ts /.lal +aJol
.JolEqeJflri. (e ) 7Ecoilzle=^lu= gg0l a^l
6lE Elol|-lzf r q+l EJ^IE EE B q^lel+0ll *JqTl+.
( @ ) g+^l=-d -H= r= rl-=l+ frO1 O is the answer as it says 'such letter has been..
^|-EE =+
cl^l g=ol F_e.++e+ tr^l= +01 gg.SalE==-=lEl d=
L.!rl. ( @ ) dormitory, tremble hands, grow angry, lreak oul

'oall lal EJ^l'al= tsEol ?loo+ e0l €EJgLltl-.

7l+^|., +ol gg'Sal+, €E LHtl, EZ= 6ltl.

41 Itl+ kt Ft E ft41+hffi++ilI IRtr, Etffi EtA frilil+n Eftffi

++(tE)fr\fia.
+al= ol=tl?l^l7l ?l6H^l ntl"J EISE= Hl=tl. ( O )
:d-Ee.e
ral rl | 94 7 |- o lEtl?l^ 17 | ?l6t| 6 l.= 40ll 3E El
rhl#iEA, -dr+n*W, iE&if Ettrf+, ++'W
1

elEEq+olLPtn ?lq. (O ) 0l0ll tt|-'J+alolE-^alE

EE tsolrla 9tq.. ( @ ) €^lEJ aEa.rp1l qeE
^l=
€E t1J$sl7o.27"7l #--l0ll HJtt|=*+-z -d+. ( @ ) E
-d fl-E. t|lC looLJ 018 oJ+71 I Z=EJ As the content is about the animal scarifies are the reason,
=d-d= EJtl= Aolfltl. ^l'E6t|
fle= mentioning of the animal sacrifice(death) should be mentioned
^fE6l.E
in the front.
HTlol LHEe EEol 6l,gEl= 3?]0lE+, "J E80ll 5=01 El8
Elr 9l+=(==tl=) LHEoI Llelot -stLltl.
survey, animal testing, verified material, safety

€85^|., 5E€:'J, Z=EJ fle' "JE€

380 Chapter 3 €'J "! dl|€

 142- 431
0l B r
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=-d
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5+= zflxl Lrr 8401 =flrf.
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=010l?dgll^l

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=r. ^lL1el
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qqoll^l Ll= 4a19]^1, ++ 0lA6f1l qTlr E" trmBfiiRa'jE,,r'EfR^q.
9loo+ E?J-sf C€"JLltl. ^aloJ^l =al^l
6+,, fi,1+'f'I, tt,D'
EO|+l-rL dnlGlrl-
'-=ev|-|.IEv|"| of/\lilrl-

One feels anxious as the source of the sound and the identitv
of the sound is unknown.

I anxious, dumbfounded, feel relieved

43 e,t\++8k^ jlthR.+1 frjE FtS.

o 7l=+El rlAF-d g0l Al4tElflrf.
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-- F'l

^al7l
€^ll, tla17l, E+, Ar-rnil, z-E=Zl, r]d:6ftf
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O Since this fall, strange things have started.

+ One said only the ghost knows when this strange thing
has started.
@ Every night when everyone is sound asleep, there are
laughing and whispering sounds.
@ Three people woke up from the noise and got afraid.
- The first woman woke up first, then she woke the other
IWO.

@ The strange sounds were other friends sleep talking or rne

chirping birds.
+ No one knew what the strange sound was.

this year, stagnant, wild goose, companion, sleep

talking, coincidently, single woman, strange

1el E'J "! 6|IA 3Bl

44
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45
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4sl6ltl. E6t|6ltl, Hl+6[tr[, d+l6ttf

382 | cnapter 3 8'J "l stlA

146- 471
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^llZl =71HfElilg
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^lE"l "Jrl'J0ll^l g0l=
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=71=

46 i

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l fn*, f&, &ffi., ffi ' 4Rn, T'X'n
+6f, oJs, flg, +3t1, trZ, +trJd
i One must find a natural part by paying attention to 'at ihe
; festival site'.

i attire, plaza, authority, spectator, prejudice, indifference

47 t @ *tnt*.&Et tr't4A'fflfillta'Vilfr "

o +^lloll ErTl-d E€ol|^l=3 EE:i.[rl. - yq 4tu411*1ffi4ntR+E[, {RtffrR tPiHE tr'VtIFEtWPtu
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Llr[. =zr I

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tj

@ enul.tl Ed Zel -ctE4oltl. i @ ry4R#.+tr,6Fu+AE.

==e rl.+r 9l^l gJ+Llrl.
- ol E3 Ed Zel
===
i
- F+5€tFH(+fH+t%E^"
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oJfl=
@
=do11^l=ol
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=Zfltl.
i
l-E'f44#., R+\fr, -\t{, iIF-t, A*, *lh'
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Edot|^|., ?.]fl, Eg6l.tl, O The homosexuals whom attended the lestival were gloomy.
=r.Zl,
- They were flamboyant, ioyful, and playful, which is far
from being gloomy.
@ Homosexual marriage is legal in Rome.
- This writing is not dealing with marriage between
nomosexuals.
@ The religious circle in Rome is embracing homosexuality.
+ lt is written that it is denying the existence and refusing
to retrieve back.
@ fne festival on human rights of the homosexuals was
festive.

homosexual, religious circle, human rights, gloomy,

legal, retrieve back

1el 8'J g dH€ 383

[48-50]
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^lq

48 ffiE:&ffi.tl&- + E *E ?-UFffi ffi tu\'V"ry'W "

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xEn, +Rf;fi, 4-V1, 4^t+, &)ll, a[fi8t6,
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^lTl4 It is predicting the water shortage phenomenon and informing
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civilization, report, integrated, systematic, agriculture,

city life, energy production, protection ot the environment,
policy, advancement

4tt tsTU ZK tr Ert {*+EE'{F+Efr fl F'! E fi'I

49 :atLltl..
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i One should find the purpose of the issuing the report on the
r management and collaboration on the water,

i water resource, specific area, international iriction,

i industry, collision, climate change, practice

50 I E4fe'l'zKffil+Affi*Hllhlffi'
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tr'f,e, 'ffiB, ffifi, +H' IEII'

It is worrying on the issues that may be caused by the water
snorlage.

pressure, concern, criticize, share with, reinforce

.

384 Chapter 3 d'J "; 6H€

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7l HJ=3Joll^l^lTl= r lGl^l LJ^PI.+e]= +z ?t=€ =gF + fla : and the man is warning her
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g6lll 31'/", AEJOl 9"/", -il.80l 5%, )lElzl13ktr- It is talking about the purpose of the foreigner's visit to Korea
LIEiLJ+Llrl. 2011Ll+El aEJal-ilq gE^l in 2010 and 2011.
71 gaz=g+?l+Lltl. =4
national statistical office, response, business,
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/.lot|l+r -."J{oo-e'a+oll eol 7fd^1lE r|1E
afternoon.'
Oil 7l E^|-.'71 7f3 4tr-d rllEJoJLltl.

humidifier, dehumidifier, home appliances, habit, dry

)l#)1, Ala7l, zldrllE, 6rJ, zaalrf

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AAVI.

i Therefore, the most suitable answer will be 'l had already took
qri :
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answer is 'l will resend it now, so please check.'
LJ^l7l0l01lg= trl^l HL|I -Jap 91one 'r|3 ilI+--J EllLlTTf
Ef?l6llll9.'7 I 7 l-At 4tr-sf tt| EJg Ll tl. computer room, get the virus, resend, inquire

d{l€, ulolal-^.ql Ifld+i6l.tl., Eololtf

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q^l --r=dY.. gr,il+Llrl.
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E '-l 7Jd EEol olF+l^l= ztrztxl gr0l.? d+=
^l+
Hl.+lot4lol. +al doil c+ 9t|-l-? €'lI. 6tr, ++^rF, R+, &'llIE
qrf LH7lEoil rlE0il 7,t= q^lE
qal 7l| dfr.ql
-dH 40fHL )l^la-z q oF|E^|-fl=rll
7l^lr eL ES
^l
0l ts01.^l el^f +10il EzlTlot HIE + ?l7l=.
'JIl- 3. raJql +l? e7t'Eoll dEoll E^l= +ototil
trl. E^l7f Lrol gq 9i1.. As the man said he should wipe out the dust before changing
q^f LIJT} Ef=e4= 7l^1o=zl. ilrf el. the light bulb and the woman said she will bring the dry mop,
pa3zltl the answer is 'she will bring the dry mop.'
doilfl=el flrl= F+opa+= H^l"l"Jql q^Pl
El.==all= 7l^le+? -i{oo+ 'trl=eall= ?lr 3q.'71.E'Jg
lamp, warehouse, dry mop, dust, change the light bulb
Llrf.

dE, d?, El==r11, Erl, d+='Jtr|.

3BB Chapter 3 E'J "; 6lI€

12 H klj,tkfrTEfri EntrH'lkH,RjE+U Flftr, E+F' ffiA
Fntr"'
E /.1 gE rl EJLf9?
L||^T
=Hl=
Lll, ze] ELfaLlrf.
W&PE, +tLE, trFE, mffiFlr'"1ffi, t+nRturE&,
E '-l r?_4=01 er46l.= 69-d "J+4zf tsrldl
=Hldf tE&ENt+. ffiE
0|., slel€oll Z+El 6lr sellEl7f g.= Z
^119.
r;a1 gal^l trle]doll €^l6H F^lle. ralz
Gl-g..
El0l=+ tl/.l trZ6H H^ll-9.. rall. "J+.z1gr1-5
trel$.J zlE Zqle. qlAt E= g46H l|
^l?J=
r EJH=
4tr-d
q^l L1l, gr;!+Llrf. =Hldl.^lle.
The nBn said to check if the client is near. Therefore. the answer
E'-l 0|-, ralr +d r.r-4=01 olrloil zltlrl dal is 'to call the client.'
6ll^l EJ?]6l| E^llg. ^l=g#.eE E|'= Ll7lol
=^1011
6fLl7719. announcement preparation, meeting room, question and
LJIITl nr-qol answer, expected question, prepare thoroughly, prepare
?t=rl trJ?1"-t| Hal-] -i{oo-+'r.rlollTil
=^l0ll for the answer, check
E +-.Jrl-.', 7 | d.J"J Ll rl-.

gE glela, EolS-J, qEr EE,

=Hl, =^16l=Hldlrl,
'JE= EZa1r1
=Hl6trl.,

l3 k kI it.tr h t lfr,ffi v+ E *+Ffi D)fiR. R, fRffi IAi6q DJ,

q^f : xl6lts0ll /.l=Jol ,Fjof,\l sJGl. H,t+011 0l7lE

*ntr, E*ibfRfF,f&1nE, .fEtE€,fnE4.
^l,t.l
?l=tll ,,|l,t.l galLl77l -d-Lll.
o 4 F'! tr n xr + xx9fi D)+ifi zi,fE.
LJ^l : e=E eJq? sE6tl +E S.flcl?
- t h F l+ +4n,EA Ffr D)E|TZ". )< "

q^l : 0l^.1 Bd *zlqr.l^El

^1^l ^PJE @ !fr\M9.M6 inHtEl ET 684T"
HHTI g_e oJ Ll*t€01. rall,'.l
@ E ftt EI f tJffiffik1 tefitrwjFjHtrix.
/.laJ=o| E q=Llvl gE ?J .-H +1.
D_l

LJ^l : {]=011,\1 Ft=tll, 47l

"JU+= 9l6|l,Jil Tltg r.zl=
- Effi trl D)flJe#.tuI WtrtrlE A +nqx"
@ tfr\H@ffiFlifitrJXi&ittr"
r r.al7l oJ^l:-jrf= E^loJrll r= TloJoll
=4.
-J:t ?loE /.laJ=o| gf_E= g 6t| +LlHl. - EffiEI u)f]tltuffifr\ EntrwiE a4Fry"
^lal
$=Jd0llll E= + oJtlr dfLlzlLHg
^ldf=lr.r-4
7lE^|.
'W+rn,Hfr, @,ffi, FfrtrWlHE, -vAE**, *
qrf= rl6fE0ll^l gt-af -d=fltla -";oos xlaloli Sz The woman said she had a tough time at the subway standing
^1^l
g.fl== gf + 9l+Llrf.
#fl.r|'J s= + up. Therefore we can know she couldn't sit down.
e q^f= HHT| iJol Lfel^l 8g'6f71 -d=t1. O The woman is having a difficulty because her belly is too
- gt! ^7lq^l HHTI Ee oJ LlsJfLlrl. full.
+
e q^f= ^lel0il g_r. cflrtu s= + g.flrt. The woman is in her early stage of pregnancy, so her
O q^f= rl6ftr zr-4 At.J!0ll 7l-,\l -Bfe.l--J + olr-l belly is not too full.
> ll-Hl- L!-|=
'Io
rf,le Tl:!^1
/\|v|= i7H /\lEf^lnll
4- oE=v||/\|
r-.1 Hl-9
E=
4 ol+t lrl I The woman wanted to sit down, but she couldnr.
€) q^t= 7lu 14= "J=ol rl.al oJ_H= Ht-g
E= T OlrL
M-1. @ The woman can complain at the subway customer service

- TIHJ 14= rr_I=E

Ar.J!0llll g= T ol4r
AH"ILI.lrl center.
^16l= + She can receive the bag ring at the subway customer
E{] Au l, 7lg r.al, -z'-! A|'JA, ll,\l service center.
@ The woman can get pardoned a seat if she makes ner own
bag ring.
- She can receive the bag ring at the subway customer
service center.

early stage of pregnancy, bag ring, customer service

center, stand, yield

2il Eg "! 6ll€ 389

14 4fi+t4+7&E, EIFA+E ilffit+fi *tuI*{f],,t++Cf,
q^l : +al +affi.
ol,t.lol ?l=.+0ll Er.46|| +^l qal$ rJIl--JLl
rl. 01fl ?lr+oil^1= 4a u=710il r|1
o +TH H fr + 1X7 + kI - Z*,ffi iFi+.
6H,(l
=gzlEl"J|-lrl.
EEdIE /.lrJ= 7|.tr =al
4 +llEe - t+
+ ffii1A. i+.
*fi i+rm {fi H
@ ffiWffJE#-HA-E+T+l/r7XAE"
=3
48 gPJ= EE6l.r. Et +0tl @ Je H ft 4r z +W-n[ |7t4+H ffi E]JI IFn"
HJE6||
+ =sl.trJ=71
l7l HlaJl-ltf. +al ggT!01 C,t.l.=.-|s
rJl"J "J?_t= ElaJdlE =Jollzl= +^l El^lHl=
- ffiAfriflt'1*Effi"
=:e =il6t_ltl. ralr.
rlfldfTlE el+ 3^l-J
@ WaAtkH ttr&t+, E HH€Rp "I"
E -e./.lz't!Ll= gEl ^Jqql=
trJ=71'0tl r;1Et rJE= - wftw&t+t\wE, tr\*ED) F Aifid"
+Lltl. ,JEol EU +0ll= =A
6l^lz
rlP 7l^l^l,J HlgLlrl.=HlE ^l^l= hfrit+, #ft, H,fn, 4n+IxT, iiia, ryiFi+, € H
^lzE Hrf E
gflTlol d^f= dlq g9l= 0lE6f= EJotlZl= +^l
El^l l= rlflo-|-7 le
H
^11"J
=r{GLl =3
tl. Executive team has decided to offer hospitality expenses to the
o aE= gflTl 6 -.J EOl _g 4le_rotrt. division with the best way.
-- el+ A^l.LJ-.JE1l^l aEE a"JLltl. O The lecture is planned to be given by one of the executive
I llg sl^f gfl=ol == ream.
@ !l"J
=3'J"Jg
g?J= EFJ-d +^loilZt= =€-dq..
+71-= - The lecture will be given by an outside lecturer.
=3 rlfl-stlltl. =E =rt.. @ fne best way is decided by the company's executive
-

- +.^.1 El^lHl=
@ ?l^l gle_q_e qeg Erl. memoers.
^lLJ ^l,t.l= =HlElol ^l+=Zlgt+Llrl.
- .-lr 7ld + @ The division that came up with the best way wilt receive
=HIEJ ^l^l-= ^l+ ^lrJ= a special vacation.
?tf+, +^J, gEl, gflTl, EEdlrf, 3E= + The division will receive hospitality expenses.
7l^lrl =r1., @ The dinner hasn't been prepareo, so one can eat freely.
^l+ ^jz= After the prepared dinner, one can have a free time.
-
workshop, division, workplace, executive team, have
a discussion, listen to a lecture, get a free time

390 Chapter 3 €g "l 6HA

t5 irg -efi.(X,, ^n*W+6 xHr' fr\rE rH, ditgt+
ft ffi +a
FF*44"ffik tuIrt, B|t &et#a &,tF.? n4F.ffift+ "
'J^l : +fltrj 71901 rrlF-d Eol *0f9E,\l an
^lLlr @ B h +fr\Ffr D)H it#,t- T 1P.+ "
,_4801 Ljolf+Llrl. 6lrltrJ +eE,(l q4^f
a)l gclLlo-+ 4Hdl =01 4lT6l<'dirte,+Jtu*'"
-
^l+ @ fr+6+eiH6tr+H, Hntltt+E+4F.ffiffi
189 +-dttoll^l= +^lT.!^d6f^10tXl+Lltl.
Hl9l7f Eal .gol^j "
^lLJ @ ftE+WJ tLn re.gt&'tffi ,l'+f H dr.
5+Jr_401 +^l= ?Ifl+qrl-. 71801 e=E
^lr7f
+0lHfPl /.Ple E0l ,\qE=tll, g - Ei\ F,ft lli+ F! 6 tl F*l.H Ll.
=01 =
flrl+?,frl-HJ+61-E Hl9lalE =01
ezl +^1tr + @
= - H+4fr.ffiffin'!#EHT*, 4+P.+T Htr#r\t,
?l6Lltt. EF-.J EE 6HoJ7l0ll= 43'fE-E +elal
trlnal^lE 5= "J= + 9t+ fl!+tt.
^10t--Jllrf.
Llrl. 0l=Zl PIC-d =tr8€6}|T.!Antr"J olE
df:il 5tE ^l7l0ll=
cll +E= fl8--JLlrl. Htt#, IEE+&., lhiX.dr, ffitf^ffi , tr+fr4T, Hrt
^Elrl W, E&914',1', iaT*, -.,iHflE, i€i.X
71801 e=E .^qE=ql E0l gg.
tl =01 =0|-Hl?l=
HJ+dl-E, ^pE
El?lal.E fl1| =01
+,tltr +
!l+Lltl.. When the temperature increases, the snow melts and the water
=?,ttl9l-d rrflE0il
o,rE = E46l permeated through the cracks on the rock. When this water
=4j?-I0l =ol=flr|..
-=01
EIE^I 5tl?-4=01iJoldfLltl. repeats to freeze and melt, even a huge rock can break apart.
@ Etr 71301 tso[^lE^l Hf9l7l +^l^l7lE -drl. O Due to the danger of accident, the number of mountain
@ EEoll= €6t|Tl qql= climbers has decreased drastically.
=t!e
olE:g ,iE={tol =^lEJrl.
- €dHtl =tetrJ flAt-ctLltf.
- As the springtime came, the number of the mountain
@ 189 5+tr_401 rlnalrl +.3= 361= 9lflrl. climbers increased.
^ln7l /.frTl 9,|fl+
- +^lTl Hl9l7f =al *Jcl^l 5ur-{01 +^l= @ Since the temperature increased as the springtime came,
Llrl. the rocks broken into pieces.
@ During springtime, hiklng is forbidden except for the
+A^ln, E-d{t, dH"J7l, Ale,4Edl designated trail.
=t-I, Eal Egol^ltf, 7lEOl =trAt,
9=tl, fl€foltrl + lt is recommended to use only the designated trail.
^Cdltl,
@ On the 18th. there were an accident of a mountain climber
as he/she slipped and got injured.
+ There was an death accident of a mountain climber as
a broken piece of a rock fell off.

npuntain climber, fal ling-rock accident, BukHan nountain,

thaw, fracture, trail, take a special care, fall ofl,
increase in lemperature, recommend

2El €trJ "! 6H€ 391

l6 p+.at+w*
q^l : 94^l=3 +g0ll^l a8 +q=E "J=tlle. +q
o trEt7r+++1+tu1w+.
E= g= ol+al_E 9lLl9.?
.J^l : SL|E€ =E-d olP= + 7l^l-e. + 9t=t119. I - tr trE fi!1dffi,:tLB4+gH+'l
WW klWA "
"J=
= @ hT JL*ts.oXHT *,
Fn #'fi*ts"
Hill= 9l€E +l6H^loJLltl. sal^lErlE qalTl ptrL*&H3lt €trE.
Tlel^l ?JZl dlr E*lolt q47H0l EclTlE - ltr/FflEp]' D-I

=€ €) trF tr n iH trtpttr'Ffi D)+K?dKi,+"

lE HJrl:elqrt. 'F-d =0ll r|1= ++23 EeE - hT\nt::ffi4fr+KffiK4h"
'g0l 3^loll ?JZl dl.7l +l-ctglltl. F fl
=GlTlrl @ tr,FF!ftf XftW )LftB E UHB\ Sfr{.
ilfl .ezl^l-=E eJdE -+l
o=fl lJgr=l trt. +90il^l=
=
E= z Blrl; z 4!l| dig=
EJol
^lE6l=rlle.
Eol El*lE t8^lE:!,ltl. IE +HJ HltrJe rH+ Eln
trrF, r4, _Lr, t+5LjfitrEfi, pt1L, iF
^.ff,
aJTl n|]=oll nlnHHJrl +- +171E -ElLlLl. r4 The chef wears the uniform for the hygienic purposes and for
r 6l?J 4 -aa|,t13q=3 9al.l;o; Af80l7lE safety, which prevents any injuries that can happen at the kitcfpn.
6l-^.' O For hygienic purpose, one wears a clean boots in the
9al^l= 9l8rl. oJI= ?l6l|,t.l +LlE= "J o oe. 9al,l.lol +Ll kitchen.
+ One should wear an anti-slip boots as the kitchen floor
Eg +"Joll^l 'Jg-g + 9l= lr= g^l-stLltl.
is very slippery.
e +g0ll^1= +l8E 9l6H^l 77l|l+-d +== d=t|..
@ By covering the hair with the handkerchief to prevent the
- +HJ Hl+3 r|l+ rlnaJTl rrHEoll trlnaJHJ^l ?^= dA hair lalling in.
Llrl.
+ The chef hat is used to prevent the hair going into the
@ ++7Joe qal= Tial 0lel7l+01 .sclrl= aE g^l-drl..
- gal.t.f E^f=L))l
E+loll 0lal7l+01 ,i= HJrl-BtLltl-. food.
=ol7l=Z Hl^l= g=tf. @ nt tne kitchen, one wears long sleeves and pants because
@ +Ug ?E)l tttlEoll Z 40lI d:olel
+ Z Hl^|, Z 4ol| 5o1= gol elAFg g^l-stLltl. the temperature is low.
+ One wears long sleeves and pants to prevent burns.
@ e.a;.r.;"; +LlEe +,Joil^l "Jg-g + 9l= url-zfrf.
^l_z= @ The chef's uniform prevents any injuries that can happen
at the kitchen.
gal^|-, +1,9, AFsl, at8, 019, HJrldlrl, 0lneJq
=E-d
chef, hygiene, top, symbol, special reason, prevent,
slrppery

17 H ilt@|\!fr\, Rfgi,,r{t fi! IE A |y\yF-h 7 Ufrft,

4s tr
4!sL6frJi+,ffi9*,.t*Efri* E -{F+Z fr\hrR. lIltt, ft
q^f : q+r= EEol-L rH+gql 7l^l rl 8+= dlr
471= -.Jrll ,J^ll4ee q+7[g.qll +14.1= 6H^l
Eclot -=f A eoie.
.J^f : ==
+l^l=,6ta #3-0|e7l ErlE nllEolalE TJ:f"l|
,\l afz #eE-+= d}|. rt|+fl rfLlEll ole
hfrngrfr,, !frbi., &H?rAr'JfEl, nFTff, ,l+
HlolE= 6H^1 gE El^|.
- dfr de g0l ?t
^f^lol
Gl^l +l4l-d e=q 6[=ql qxl'e g6'1E
^|.aJE
gtrlLf -d=flc|. tl|+fl011 Tl:st6H^l E+dltl-E.E
+14.16lr d3 E0F7f 8e 710t. rrt| 7f^l +l^.1= The man said iI the reason ,for employment is only for the
LTI nL^l
on- :-^l
=llr
!r=v f. money, one should rather enter graduate school and study
q^l : 6lrltrJ +-"'J7ill b^lE -E0l-7 gE +l^lE 6l= what she wanls to. Therefore, it is most suitable to say 'it is
zl rl !|-301 E-g ri eofe. better to work for one's passion than for money.'

'J^1.= +lrl= #3 0l+7|-E^l= ttHEolafE 4+fl011 Tl-+

61.r.
graduate school, field, cannot aflord, work joylessly,
de
6H^l 6f.r. ofafl -{oas'== qrle ETlEtf=
=+=
6i-]] #e "J= 6t|0t -dtf.'7[ 7lef 4tr-sFLltl-.
enter school

tH-+fl, EoF, q+71 g.tl, q^le g6ltl, Tl-+6l.tl

392 Chapter 3 €'J "; 6[I€

 18 H ?\+Xfr\in, t,r4^rk, ++tsft
'Tt+ISHt7^FtElfr
F.frEt:)e\E, l4aI u1.p1r16],. E+F, lEsJ<.tM.fr\24W
H^f : 0l=lzl 7lE0l gf
eH E.q? ++ flflq?
q^l : Lf =0f .Sq*q. "J
Etr E sl^foil
a\Et'trttJffirt.'
flrrll Zl+
.sq^lllzlxlcrJs
^lLJ+Otl
gJzl Elz 7l3ol =
g.cl^l^J tf= sl^loll
9t01. E7l7l Eifr , *^iH,r., AEifrt.WE, fJk,ft,F\rhLtr
+ 6l,Jlcl.
bt^i : olLlOF. ral atrll=3 ^|fl
)lEpl EJ + ?,lGl.
Edoil^l efl ,Eclfi=rl g g?+fl _E-a LJg ^lLJfl
EEE
-Lxlain laJo-l| El. ral +gHoll= dEEr + gl
The man suggested if the woman thinks over why she had failed
10F. Atr|lE €Bel clGlLlal.= "Js. fl€ot.
= her last interview and strengthen her weakness then she will
'Jrf= rILJH Edoll^J efl .Sqfi=^l S g?+tl Hn EE= z^l succeed. Therefore, the most suitable answer will be ,one can
E €a-=r + ?l= zalr -doEe ,!4_sr 3_-J= s 6J3"_iE succeed if he/she make a good use of the failed experience.'
d=--J + ?lrf.'71 7fAt 4tr--Jllrl.
interview, lose confidence, fail the intervlew, failure is
EE, gJrl, Edoil^l .sol^lrf, !trH= d8sl
^f^la= the mother of success
GltrlLl

I9 H tuI In, Fir,fFE6EXi+ 6t iFE,,f E 1+.{d4tl F!K frL+ffi &,

q^l : e= CE Hq? q^lHll+6lr iE+ffi H*Ft fli#T)sIT" trt}t, €+E' Fjr,fFEiFfi ,
=+.I+dlr
H^f : 0|", LfE EJGI. F ,\laJol rllolE6.f= ^fzlrH.
ArE= ,\lTl
Nrzg IX+f IM,f rl F'! [3fA 4 E
"'
I"Ilolr-] r
-M-t"t.
L

iFfi, ti+, ffi, AEiifrtr, IFEZjL+A

q^f : 4e.a1a -* g 59J r HH+ E goil^l +ol^l
^fd
7l+aJ4.
LJ^l : -r.al EloE qel sf^llTf El|-lzt
III= ^iT.!S
2i'J3tll Hel ^l.aJ=ollzl
r=lzl E6Hdf= Zl
^l8gE
F=3 ggrl? o[$alr[aJ5olrJcE "dol E= E The rnan said even the well knor,rn star should not publicarry open
ql?.lolalr dt|E Li+ ?i up his/her private life. Therefore, the most surtable answer
. ?J3 ?i eot.
^|.4?]+Erl.rl =7HEl= is 'even he/she is a star, the private life should be protected.
=^l
H^l= ol+al^FJEslrJd= iJol 'J= Eql?.lolaE ag5 r_19 actor, date, hrde, become an issue, invasion of privacv
?E77lrlE7HEj= Ag ?Jg rl erlr =*-eE-e'ofF
^f4oJ
al Hl|+all 6HE =^l
rl4^iol -LFrf.'7f 7|ef 4E6JLIrl.
^f8=Je
H||?, +tr|, ef^jl7l Elrf, li.g=r$ do||dlrl
^l+ltl,

20 &,+ 4ltEF 4{at UAfi , Itr p-wft+ fr tr.=.tg.fr ih, Ffi U n *1

qrf : rl= 0l0l0llzl HJElrl^4= Slq+a flc19. raJrJl frI+E++ tut^Ti*fr Elr H! . E+E :' +AEp,ftEl rjli*fr
9= 0f0l7f HH+r. fl71=_". ,\,\e
trg%.t*huTi*fi'.
=^l=
9l= + ?lzl EIE r"J g.lGl+lE -Jale?
^q=
++, E-EtUAfi, *^xftE, trffii*+
H^l : r4= glq +E +_?.J=ol g]cl+^l .gJoE olol=
0l gJzLi Gial?].-f= ?3?71 E_4
?l+Llrl. =El=
=^J0il 0f0l=01 g]E g^lu rlel Lt|
=rl= nHEgLlrl.
E7ll^l 0l6Hdl7l= -dE7l = rq.ef^l olol The nran has nentioned even though the children can read letters,
$ol -,t,'a-s 4g ol6H:g + ?lE rHz;txlE #Eol it is hard for them to understand the content of the book by
glq += aot themselves, so it is good to read to the chjldren constanily.
=+Llrt. ThereJore, the most suitable answer will be 'although the child
H^l= 0f0l=01=^l-= 9]zl ElclE 4qq L||€€.\,\= o16||617l
can read by one's self, the parent should constanily reao to
--J=71 rffEoll #Eal !.lol;- ?iol trJilallrf. qafll
'rLl7l =rlr 6Jrl.,tl7lg 4E the child.'
9.l7ll EIGIE Zl+
dtr lrt =rlE ^{= Blq +loF
learn letter, read alone, lose interest in, read consistenilv

HH+rf, .^..r+ a4E g_lrl, gJri, +=6.1 9.lrl.

=^f= =tr|=

2il €'J I d||€ 393

21
.Jrl'= o]|gE:=€ dq= 0l= q ggHl= rI= + flEJl,
71971
1l+ eol € + 9l=rl, "J3 lll trll + 9l=rl 5Ea1 gz51
= doil= qel Tlrl= r'4
EloF -dElr ql-e-qe'oil_c+EE= 7l+71
6t|0t -.Jtr1.'71 7El 4trALjq.

7l^1, 011-e+EE, -.j71+, 4"J2, xlrlatct,

^lE
Eol 3,101
.8il= +trt ^lEHl,
=trl.

22
e=31?l 7|7Ll -.j71+01 Llvl eleg= -Jrflts oJEo+
ollg5'E€ Lrol rlELlrl.

ileHl; +d?, +alol glEl. HlalEl

394 | Cnapter 3 d'J "! al|€

23
'JrlE ^16l=! EdE flEloll dEt"-ll^l TtgE Tr Lt|a^l

rE iletr-+ EdEt 7lg= *r. gl+Lltrl. ^l6t=!0ll

+tit, gitflg e+g Eg=E+, Fr. Lflzltrh E+l6]trt,

+46ltll

24
q^t7t TIHJE €E5|| .Jalu:d-e.-Ee.J^lts TlgE sg
=dg
E €Bdot -'JLltrl.

aHq, EelEcl, xl^llol €g6lrl

251 €g "J 6l|A | 395

125-261
q^l : 4l= 0l +-nql^l= Sr^lz= ad E dl=r]l et| r=lzl dl+l 7J719?
H^l : !l+ol -d E+Oll t+eE =arfr
SrIlrJ= ts= *l +8=01 trt= t1 Llol Elol^l +g .5401 -EtLl+. rall^l
EJEtlle.^lZl
+€=01 'Jal+0ll +g==aJ+a
tlllr., E +^1ll_l
+al +-il.011^lE +8=9 +E^lzrlSi^lzoll tH6H 4^16ll
3+6l.laf lt|E 2/.l= 6^10ll "JolLf,|l +-iloll 8+r -sr.Llti. ra||,\l 1r.ll +g01lll 4= +8=01 tH+Eolre.
rau^l 0ld ++
^lr€iorlzJE =il+Lltl. ++ +oll +E= 6||0t HH8 LHE= ll0ll ?-tE^lz
^fE ^lzE = =ola
2)= =+7|e :49
€401 ts01€ zlo+ 7lt|l6E
+ ?t7l rr|1=oll +E :; t0l6_9.-cr.Llrf. 0l ee 'JEo+ +,8=el
ol-^t lrl- =E-d ^lzE
aH-t.-t.

25 n ffi i h 1+
ln .L+ r-'J lEl ffi ffi , F.fr 'r+ + +
+ctr+ &,fll F!

-+8=9 5I^lZ= -.J -qt8=9 +g 411k1+:4 FXrfiH fn+pH" trrtt, EKE'GKffiHRBtlEl

Hxl-=
=+7le =8.9.e
-*orr+ '+E,\ll= ),4++frH+2d'.trt"'
5401 +01-E 10+ Tlrl|dln 9lrlr
E €401 --J,$=J 'i0lrl.',)l )18 4tr:-JLlrl.
=4 3lJ&Ei I'Ht, r{+r'f I
FJ, ffi HRF J I Hl, +\lI Fnffi , ifi+ tr,
+tr E H+rl H-flHJ. J€ra*. lEitn
E-r/.lrJ 6l.r^14 +E^14 -sle d4, gaf + 0|.e
:aFAfEltl, ^lE
+A ,t.l'J, As the man said he is expecting the student's school record
=al+ will improve due to the decision on the delaying of the time
of attending the school, the best answer will be 'the grades
will improve when the sleeping hours are increased.'
time attending school, time to go home from school,
sleeping hours, school record, after school, morning
free study hours, improve, expand

26 H ffi+blE+E E1-H! t+ Ff l4 iEKtr +4 4ll fl!+ z Ft

H^l= 5il^lrJ= +ql -et8=el d40l EaJtf= !l=el E n+ R, HiXEA T AEr+ H.f lsl ffi ]E H.
1fi+FH ffiaX

+et qt= ==
Eir.^lrJ E30il rH-d €E= =ila|-lq. O iEA T tl+trY 4 f! Y>l Et lal.
e -srg=el=agrt + a+^lz= - IHA'T + +,fi'! ffi Sl & r'f HR Ht t'Et frE fHl
"
^^l=drl. @ ffijffiEfr R+ 4'fll -ffi ESAt 4. FjAE
- -qrg=el +E/.lzal.=r/.lzql rl|6t|
zloe s1lEitl.^^f-*+Llrl. ' ffi..ffiE +^R+&41:ffi H ffi, zr',{fu,ft" Ht}l plfn,
"

O -st8=3 6/.lz €E
^lE -ffiffiEf4.H'IEE"
- 2^lql rN 6llql gclLl= ao+ 4/.|. EJg-se 4^pJ aE @ ffi FA E Z trt6!3 T t Ygt'fal.
Ht'lsl

O ^l=rtEg+9lGLlrf.
+A - lmffi F Z
I'Hl trlErE 7 -L+ r-'J fgl.
Et'

^Fgrl-3 -+a
B,oHr
^lZ= =?^lrJ= =A+. @ > 4 +WtTt fr\Efi Ji ffi Rtr iE g T I + r-'J l'Hl.
- =i^lz= EAiIrl..
=0lr E-il^lz= Efrfr+R, g.g_, >2, rcn
@ trl+el E+ ^lz= Et-r.6|| =fl+Llrl..
=rl-=
The man explained the reason for the change in the time of
E+ E36ltl., Etr6l+,
=r1., =+tf attending school referring to the American research result on
the delayed time of attending school has improved the
student's school grades.
O The student's after school studying time was investigated.
- The student's sleeping time and time of attending school
rrrec inrroctinatod
@ tt has been investigated that the students sleep in an
average of 6 hours.
- lt has been investigated that the students slept from 2
to 6, sleeping only 4 hours.
@ The morning free study hour has been canceled and the
time of attendlng school has been delayed.
- The morning free study hour has been shortened and
the time of attending school has been delayed.
() Referring to the American research result, the time of
attending school has been changed.
research result, change, refer to, delay

396 Chapter 3€996fl€

 127 -Ll=281
LITI.
E"l -d+8+^H-J0ll^JtH+71=71Af+== c8dl.r ?lci. Ell u€6lE r.^l^l0ll ,JEEJ +er. tszl
=e4-9.e
E+= I"-4=
EoJOl Elal Lt|r. Lf60ll + ?,tGl.
q^l ^lEdlE rH+ dgSE cE-3f + 9icl? LH 5g0l 01fl0il =al'J=
rH+oil g+6lz=.
=rll ola.l
E '.1 raJ, "J-+61.71 EolaiE "J-+-d +r ol=dlr +H 4C +-dHE= 4eE + ?lol. -d -+7l0ll ^l-a1l
^leg ^ll
+ ?le|_l 58-dEil ol^j gal+].
q^f re||otrjltl.
^l€-g r.El?1. eElo l^l0ll^l Ao|.EZ|.

27 4 F,! ja+E3U{ ffi++ +&F'!+, F t"t T x+ffi +,HET

q^[= 5S0l tt|+oll g-+-.Jtln AE6|-q rH-* doJdE l8-d 6EFi€. trrft, trnibffifn€9t*f +BtrffitrF1? 68+iF
+ ?lLF? Eflo=+ +lg$oJ E80l 715--J^l gr #GI^l .th1T Htr!"
EE_d rlgLlrl.. ^18
BxX+#, frtnfl, tffihffJ+En, +fr+Bfr, +8,
4A

+71 8-+=, r^l^1, #E5J E== I.-4, -+8,

=e4,
+-.JHE The woman was explaining that her younger sibling is entering
mllege and asked if lreshman can also apply to krpw her younger
sibling is capable to apply.

state scholarship, bill, reduced amount, total tuition,

class of. candidate number

28 F nEiX.-+H6+ +#A, t4 +ffiH

=tR"
W tkF iH X+ #
H^l= g LJOll
F +7171.?lr +u lEe ?,1+n -."IeE-+ *vilL+-+Hxt''"
g LJ0tl 6^lalloJLlrl. ^ll ^E1l7l o -+^74FID)+1f.*X++"
ef-+=
^183
O 6t-+= +.lE= g Lloil 6^leil0lrf. @ 9s R*T &.+ IETFE+'IJ X+ +"
@ +^l 5t+== g= + fi.tl. - tER*Z.E+ifrX++, rbHts44t+ffiztr, EID)
- ^l86fE EoJol trlal do-4= Ll|r Lf=oll
=Zl --= =4 '&E^H+fr"
Hl--g ^l8dl.E
Ee T Ol-4r lrl
MH"l-1. @ sl;+ E tr +fi +EI D) F ia* *+ + "
@ t]gg3 -+Hol "JEEIE +!€--J + 91rf. - ffiEtrlD)E+EtrZEEFtrI"
- dg83 +fl r|]+! +-dfla= xroE EJLILI. @ HfrVL+.xfrEtr+rfrJ X++.
@ H^f= olH -+71
^l=o.e 6t-st== - Hffi-e+Ffr+iHTX++.
-'J^[= r|l+71 3+== +lE6fr ^.!8:i{rf.
?]ALl+.
ffi+., W+8, e li, ffiEX++#+A, FiF+nl'Hl

gEdltl, -.JqAI-+IHE, ld)PJ The man said there is two semesters a year and each semester
^l98, =Zl+l86ltl,
has three chances. Therefore, there are 6 chances to apply
for a scholarship.
O There are 6 opportunities to apply for the scholarship.
O One can not receive scholarship if he/she apply late.
+ When applied late, one can pay the lull price first and
get a relund later on.
@ Once the freshman is issued with the class number. he/she
can apply.
- Freshman can write the candidate number instead of the
class numoer.
@ fnis semester, man has applied for a scholarship for the
first time.
+ Each semester, the man applies for the scholarship.

freshman, apply late, issue, korea student aid foundation,

application period

2El €trJ "; 6l|€ 397

[29-30]
LJ^f : 5l=0ll -.J L-13 Tfall= qr
+i0ll,tl ?ff011 "Jall=717l.gt= +801 trd,\lr.loll 9+= Efloll "Jflal= ?Ifl+q
^lr.7l
+. 0lal A|eJoll ol5lzl rHHl6ldLlzl?
q^f : +E:495 EillE rt|Aiee E4E aF-|zl--J B -d Eel illtroll tt|Hl6f^lF6tI^l g8-.J a+Lltl. +4 +r.ql^l=
^faE q
olaql4Hl6||,t.l +7lioll=ol i1ltrolLf galleTl= 7iT.! -+88 raH^l r.aldEtlle. +8=
^^l-Eflltf. ^.lEE
r
"J1l=)l)l rlgdfrf _HLlzl oltr + g.0l 34ol s.-srEJ rrHTf ?l+Llrl. ral ,J?Oll= Dl]B +8=0llzl Ll+l+=
gfalleTl €_E= Elal E,t.ldfl Ellrl. +f, ^l.J g rllhcJ0llE galleTl €-E= i.q +,79..
^.l1ggll

29 Jrtlintrl&+&'f €AiB, h JIt trJff iuE +titlH #tfr "

qr[= +i E^] ELlr ="^Ie-sE
Eg^lg= g + 9l6Lltl.. i

^l.J= ,f4tr, trffiF'lH,H, 4+H, fi6, filE€ig

gall=7| EE, gg6ftl., t||Hl6ltl, illtl
^J|tr, ^l'J= i

We can know the woman is a nutritionist as she said she make

out the school lunch menu.

constitution, allergy information, be hospitalized,

prepare, make out a menu

30 4 klEi*&ffilj€AigF! r.i,fi+z'tr*6frffi.t1+H, ,fE Etr t

-+g=9 galleTl= tr 14 ?aldl^ltrJ rlBolrl e!27[cl E ryJ 4ffi +++, A r'f {F+6'I+6 F,A r | tuftffirl E VJ "
^l'J= ttllTl o Aig-+Hk-tR"
E + g.0l r E--JEJ 9l+Lltl..
o ^lEE= -d=^l0l
-+710il -d E Ll-?t - Ar*€tE E-lR"
=rf.
- ^lEE= ol|C LlilG|_lrl. @ d&E!,H,H,Aigrf,ni+7.
@ g4ile7l €H= s../.|-drl.
- AigfE*+ttd'idT"
^.lEEolloJ
- 4l.JEg|- Bll+EJoll E/.l:stLlrl. o tkA+ €r'f .fF+45 Eil wtulA w "
|

O "Jrll=7| "Jd rl|E 91tr1. @ H$ffiil

=^l= =^lee =
@ "J4l=717191= -+83 rHE40e tllal|oF -drl. _ i,EA€.strW++"
^ft+e4+EtF+R.
IEA+IEtr.F-'ES+EU F+R"
- oJalleTl= 7l{.! -+€= ^,\f-stLltl. 7t|E4o-e t]l6H0F
61.=^l= g + S.GLltl.
ai*, +i|j, -+nfr, f-i+, F+E
4.$., zlg4o_+, -d -+71, E^ldlrl, C.Lap1 The student's allergy is considered while making the menu,
but as it is diverse, the allergens can be included in the Jood.
O The menu is distributed only once a semester.
+ The menu is distributed each month.
@ The allergen information is marked only on the menu.
- The allergen information is marked both on the menu
and the menu board.
O There are occasions when food with allergens is distributed
at school meals.
@ The students with allergy should individually report.
- They investigate students with allergies. We do not know
if students have to individually report.

menu, individually, one semester, indicate, repor!

398 Chapter 3 8-J "! 6lI€

[3r-32]
q^f : +qE E-== qaloplE€ 8-etE eqlg ziol HleJ^l-d Edte.-tr Eolrl= gr-lrJl ol EdE q=rxl E.ELvtn
LJ^f : 471 ^JltllE
++e el+o|oil tsE-d ?l^t|= 7lE + gl+Llrl. EDJ ofr_laf qal Llalql^l ++ e rl+84
-Et)Al rlllltl _H.E tl 1ll8==^llElEJ gl+Llrf. rf= ^llzl
gg"-lfl .^.^-=. trJfto-ln 6H=6.|lot g
'Je e-.J-g + _tE Ll.afql/rJ
g0l trd+Lltf. ral= =^l
ELlrl. +rll+^lr|loil ?.1Il]-+ rlal7loil az; g.:=r3
^t010il ^taJc4.E=Jd-= ^l.atzl =+=
=J+4olrl "aSalst
q^f : EE q= q 'Jg 3E"-ll E= ae EsEtr_lrt. o:l^ltrJ E+4 oJ= ololEE Lrol gl+Llrf.
L1+ ^il8E
Lt= trJ-J= rq 43E + 6tE 7i.0ta_ ralr- =48
e^t €ts^-l rtaJ€at ^f+lol
rE\ts oto\=E
^fate ^1[.32f ^1t€=
glrltrJ e6lal H.artTf s.= SEll0ll^1 =e,So\
"J=J6l= otolE=. EtGLlLi. olal qaj ++EE +^lE + !t+Llt.t.

31 k tu7+ +HAffi+ + FI F! tr R fr\ lttJ T, + r&+ Ff ffi +xt &

q^i= 471 ++ ++E9 q|E 571 +-stS ol-ol=oilZl ?,4*EEtfrtr'HsEt"
qfg:aF= =ol7lq
tld + 9l+r +86la ?l+Llrl.
+tillrt&, +Ffr ffi +, trFi,l+,ful E IZ, D,, 14,i., r,,
Hf=^.I-d flAt, azl+-+, +rJl6lEJ ?.!^|l,
^l.gd, =aJd.
xtr,iFfr, &flfr,, fllllffi ^t,
86t.4 g=, ++E
=4, The woman is arguing study abroad at an early age can nave
a bad inlluence by giving examples of the side effects of studv
abroad at an early age.

desirable phenomenon, study abroad at an early age,

globalized talented person, sense of independence,
spirit of independence, culture shock, deviation, side
effect

32 EFt
q^f= olg 4l :;3 3-ddH H: rl3 Ge;1c11 .J119 f*tr&E+KJ E -F.tH_'[,.
slz= ^llAtE olz= '4,fi,
"J€-d +oil rl.del LH^Jl+r ?l#Llrl..
i+jdf'lfi4F, F.W., WW, iEitg', E,fE, 'ViR, K-v.
+E €8, HJHJapl, nl+6ltl, E56ltl, LH^ll+tl,
+alo-ltt, ##a1r1 The woman is arguing her point after agreeing to the man's
opinion of the importance of experiencing the wide world in
a young age.

additional explanation, rebut, set forth, agree, put up,

concern. endure

261 dg "l dl|€ 399

[33-34] gol8 HJdu|-0lLH= Ll+Ll^FJ6lts'JE9
q^f : +01 Ellfl.g rllt-l.'Jq^1^l +A= 4 ge'lE HJBI .pJol
ololrlolE'J=q*+= /.|4 9a )1l1j)t9? 192oLJ
^lEdl^l^|-9.?
El=el --J ErH Al^fol 4.lgolfltrJ q+€ d4ol ollH7l
eal= 6lrf7f +gtol qlr. 4lol= ?iE rHH Et|lel Ellols= )l^1L21^lE6tI +flalltf. ralE q+3
=aJrH=
Eoll
^ft!01
9.3 rrll ol.L|lTl +AZl -lE-=t + ?tE= HJafu= DJ=7le =i.|.+Lltf. Ellolug
"J€-d =zle Efal^l r 9J0ll fl=
4rzl EralE"J 26. raJrJl EllolETl.E4Tlalll EEaizl g+H.+Llrt. 9a,!5$ + E-d Eoll faltsalolal= ^.1==
+ofLJ+LlEf. ol EEol rHnalPl.! rllo;u7plllj+o1 .gGld6lltf. 0l 0l0ltl0l= =J,'.l q+01 tlLltJ sl^foll,|l
^]=3
df=alqfl+Lltf. trl^loll^l= 0l 8E Tt|ge 0l=E gflr q+E e^il4 6llEi= +aJ+Lltl..
=

33 , lr?ET 4kfr,#Han-tr'l+FfE tr
gal€i HJdz= gE--J rl.€= 47|16I-= olotTlgLltf ^frfi![fE"
=+01 't -tR'f4[6trflfi, tflfrffi, t\+n, Attfri)"'a-", +6fr7,
trfu\frtr
gflE HJ6F?, ErH, 3^114 61lEj, +01 Bllrl, +flZl
^lE,
^le6El I lt is aboul the introducing on Dickson's inventing process of
: the adhesive bandage.
i adhesive bandage, bandage, fabric, economic benefit,
, cut hand, easily treat

34 tu Fqa AzFg ft,# p;ffitfi 'E nltE].tfr , tr *n ffi nE.4t tt

ellolrc;=4zaJ= E9J--J + ?lE ee;593 gz:rlr 0la= )+klffiF".
A|EoE 7Hg-"^IALlq.. @ Mrt#ffi+ + B 4 E tu\'l+ffi 4H W Il'J + -vT lfi "
o q+q olLH= EJaJq= €4ee g LJcl^1,\1 rlfiLl.. - H gBf+ffitr#+l&F':tu11t WFnAh*SlT tAffirtffiW "
glLH= gal= @ tr hnEi! tn fr\ Fqt ft?t+& H - ?h'l+r6 tr,1fi .
-.JaJq= d4"l 6ltrl7l +gl0l rtl_r] HIHA
Llrl. @ \ fr#Bh fr1+tAtr +A fr\ Ifr t1 ipffi'ffiffi tnf E frT'td
g aa;5a;"1 'JZqe galE HJd?= 7Hg--J + ?tflrf. trft.
@ 0ll|lol 8^l^lE7l-+lA0|-^l,(l HJ6rr= 7Hg="^.[tf - - A eTft,^, hT .L+++^#f*Jethtr,
D)Frtn
=+3 doll g.= tttl olltl7l+flZl + ?tE+ HJerr ffi+ETrdtrlfi.
- rltlol
trJ=7le =:.{fr_lcr. ^lE-'J @ 4 fr#h ffi?+TfLjffi , EI EE5[J E -tu?*FE4t/a&
@
=
q+e at^p1t olq= ?Jzfl^t"J EoJ0il4l z g.g.rt. wH" ^a
- al^Fil^lE 0l A|E Tt|ge
=
0l- gflr
=Ote
3rll4 - AA tr trs+P F,ml+t;ffi1+TfLjffi , lkfu#fr,H T
dlEj= +alaLlq..
=+E AtfifiiJ"'n""

4R, fri, +q+, *E/68, 6ffift, +q

.JaJ4+, +2lE6ltl., EEol nHnaJ+,
=47lal+,
AtEtrl-Eltl, +altl Crinoline was invented to supplement the stickiness of the tape
and it became merchandise.
O Dickson's wife fell often because she was clumsy.
+ The clumsy wife got numerous burnt and cut injuries from
cooking.
@ Through the invention of crinoline, it was possible to make
adhesive bandages.
@ Dickson was sick of his wife's inluries and made the
adhesive bandage.
- He decided to make the adhesive bandage so whenever
he was not home, his wife can treat the injury easily.
@ Dickson provided an economical beneflt to the company,
but he himself didn't get any profit.
-The company gained a huge benefit from the merchandise
and Dickson also enjoy the economical benefit.
clumsy, sticky, ask around, smooth surface,
merchandise, enjoy

400 Chapter 3 dg "! 6l|€

 [35 - 36]
H^f : z|Ee 7l€oJllrl. +al +€0ll^l=
-Eti E€€
zltrE "J016|-q +trJ=el dir. ?t+Ll
q. r 6=e
=^jdl7l 61.+e 4tTlelel rHEl= 5lr ?l=rll9.=^lel
01fl g0ll= '44 Bl= =^l =al
471 2J=e /"rl= -?,J.I_r1 '=^l=
56l| d84oJ "J8= H'0lal= +^1lE 0l0F716l| E4l+Lltl. ?J=E=28'el
ul= +^le.l erl ge€, C€-d
^l=
Hl.7f +1oJ^l ralr. +^lHoll rH6l| 0l0t716l| +€ aLl+. 3E rt|Tlg= trl^l'-d + .4g.l7l==^]71
"ltrldl= Ei6|]
+E 4f7l0l^l 3^lE E^.!-d z;p6=Bf=ultl oJ.g 0l0F7lel. rtrJel gE Eg r6l?_E ,igLltl.
olH g^foll= +++ +e-+ ef7l.g + fleq, =a1+= xf^ll-d =^l
+€ -il.qrlflzlE EololE Elltl.
=q=
^f-d9

35 n fr\ftlr tA E rca tutrxt rt +ffiffi t64 91 6n, +fr+ft!

LJ^f= +7lele.l r|]ef +^llq4r7lol 0l+oil rtl6l|^l 47|I6f_z +iFFlEtx"
Hl+19
oH=
0tt l.lil-r
uqllvl!
ol-^t
aH"l"l.
lrl- ^lg
trA,E, rErAfili*+i*, H AklxlE:)I, +\H t+Et+,
+8, +B rH7lg, r8^lflrl, +_+, fr,fr. f+W
=El=
trl/.lo-lrf =^lH,
The man is informing about the author's subject of the
conversation, the author's resume and how to apply.

borough oftice, proper way to read, {amous major

company, education and care division, free, resign

36 tr EI [.t ro +* Lft,l l* B! +.F, IF h A R L{t i* r.f-L +t ffiJ5.n Z

+€0tl^1=
=^1el4l€E
"l0l6tG +.J=sl=^1=at trf^I EE -, E&tr|Fatrifr.
e d|-LlE At7lel"l r||trl= 6l_z 9l+Lllf @ 4E#-+.Ar,EEfr"
O
^t7l=
E€ ^4trJ l EAl AoleJtf.
-d
-
4Fh #t4# Z X/E\k D) tr, iBiJi*fl { FXT + Z tl
- 4)E 9E tHTlg= trl^l-zf + ^!9]71= E6j] +B AtTl-o| IFEki+!fr"
rf 3^le E^l=iI+Llrl. @ Rf'Eotffir*fr*fit624trn"
@ +8 alfl"J Etq-=t + ?lrl..
- Biti6-t, :uEAl\ AI D)ft,fr>)rs
=11:"J^loll=
==J "
-="J^f=
OlH ++Ll +_+_e Ef7l.--J + ?l+Lltl. O a7^ifi a/r D)i* fi h ffi ^h fr\ -^ h Jl tr "
O e4loJe] geJee EaJq.. @ E4frsifr-"hffiqEt+i6+.
^!9]71
@ g^foil SqdlalE -drl.
- ^18^l=
i.f-atg +8
^11=6H0t
re^lflrle EJLlLf. - I+ fr frrJ+rfrEl fl tr &ttrAHtffi f+lFJ rit.
DJ,

^f^ll--J =q6|-E
88, 61fl, gEt, c€^l -+, +F, -qi, +iF+

As a greeting of a season ol reading, the borough office has

started a conversation between the citizens and the author
to expand a reading culture movement.
O The author has written only one book during his entire lite.
+ Alter retiring from a famous major company, the author
became a famous author and a lecturer through reading
books
@ Onty the members ot the borough office can participate.
+ Anyone can participate this event.
O The event is held as a part of reading book campaign.
@ To participate at the event, one has to submit an application
form.
+ For further information. one can inquire at the education
and care division at the borough office.

i lifetime. member. part, application form

2al €H "! 6HA 4O1

 37
.Jrl= dE L|l g^l^Eoil g0H7t gl_e.E LlEoil E^ll7t Holrl
zl Etrlz -do._s-+'E^1.4501 E Elolot Er1]== HJ^|EJ +
9ltl.'71 7El4EEILltrt.
=
t
t

I 8^h cal-+ dEErJ, +€4"J E+.|71, 7ltrl6lrl,

Ol-9
H= rl-=-rl
F
-=-l
l
$
I

38
dE E^1450il €l0|l7l9loE Ll=oil
L|l Erll7t Eq^lzl EJ
=
a0lalr. olHALlEl.

9^148, Llg 4^1, galxltrl

402 | Chapter 3 d'J-4 6lld

 [39-40]
q^f : +al= '\Eell^7lE0ll Lfg aolal-ztrJ Efl=rll H-+,\l'Jel dtr .^Eall^= +q-d aolalr g46l.E gdlal
,JC-fIE ttflel Hl+6l.Zl HJ$-d|.= A= =zl=
"J"-H +==e..
LJ^l : ^.li1l= =ZeEHJ= ttflol Ea[$
Lll, .^Ea1l4= claltoll rt|$"-f= rl€olalz B€qee d4dl$ .^Eall4 EjBol Z46.lZl
Hf+l= agLltf. e. a;q =01 ,\FJ-.r[el{o+ "J=rl= agLlrl. .^Eall^= g= rq Ll-g=
a-e.
^tIEl?l= ^Ea1l4=
E-eEoJ g/.lECg EEg EE E_-E"JLlrl. g/.lECol EE-B| rrl] Llg= EeEoplEdlTl rrll=oJllrl. .\Eall^=
+E ol^ldl_r #3 trl=g 6l=rll olal rl.ol +al=,\fel{os trJE= aol^.
^faJqlzl =11 =+

39 ro trfr.;: r'i tul4'lL, 14€fA & fi! aE *IH Frirs€q i4

3U

/.=all^= "J= rrllol Eal= olal8oll rll8dlts rl€olelr rtD tr xEilfe h\i1, *.Eh fr\ F-Mt4+ lgRftd*.
3€4ee 846|.8 .\Ee1l^=01 BJ30l Aa"-fzl HfELlrl.
*h+R, #'"ntul, 914, xtD, W+
t-d +q-.J ?t, !ill, rfiBolrf, slrlofri
=rl, When stressed, thinking positively about the changes in the body
is adapting to survive, changes the reaction to stress into a
healthy way.

experiment result, beneficial, body, take and action,

rery on

40 -yE lt wt P +,fr\ rffi* IE*, R ffi n E -.tn+AWR, tr h IEtr

.\E4l^= gE Llg= E-eE?] _e^|tr^lsl EEg EE EeE
nll FIEIH+E?IEllr1d.AH *.
oJEll g,\ltr{!o1 EE==f trl| Llg=
E-=EO17lE dlTl nllEoJLlrl. @ E,iT 5,i+AFEE.
O.^EZll4= 4alElZl trJ=rf. -
+ .\=e]l,\= ^fzJ= ^fsltr+El
ll=JE= r[il{og oJELlrl. a -yEh N -\+ffi +E HlP + filiff FE-f+ F!
"
e ^Eall^ E= rrflef EE-=r rr|| ,Je E=Eol gg-drl. @ lf L' Ft-5 tr Eh E! H t6il1trDEi+T-f+ ffi .
,

o rrllef .\EZ1l,\
'J= rrll t!i]l HJo3 eJd6l rl-=tr|-.
=7lE
-\Eell^= ,lolafn - +EErffi FtH "'a'tuI^ffi , flF H l#tr )+,L,r.J-{+trD"
- ?q-.J d46.l.E Uill=
=7lE
rtHel
@ trEigtH-+,,\R#Etr'h'tffiF.ttjr' "
Hl4;l-7.11 Hl-9.61-r lrL
vl/ll
,f&+
-l

@ .\Eail,\= gE rr||
uoH-l"l

glz d- a= E=E qlEolrf. - E h Ifr )\."'4r'JELJ f!,1'8.

=^f
-.\Eall.,.= rl= llaJoll4l olrl6f_r. Ce EtB=
_-J

Llrf. =41 E-Jt, 1i+.

Oxytocin is a hormone that is secreted when stressed, and it

g86ltf
=alEltl, has a nickname called hug hormone as it is the same normone
that is secreted when hugged.
O Stress isolates human from society.
- Stress makes human more sociable.
@ Same hormone is secreted both stressed and hugged.
@ fne reaction of the body is completely differenr wnen
stressed or joyful.
+ When one thinks stress is something beneficial, the body
reacts similar to a joyful situation.
@ When stressed, the urge to be alone is because of the
normones.

- Stress makes one to feel the need to be depenoenr on

other.

isolated, occur

2Al Eg "! 6l|A 403

 141- 421
LJ^f : trF qETle EHolLJLlrl. ql+7iaE dfE 7f^lr EHqLJZLI.g€'J "J3 d4-ctlltl..
^FJ3 ^l]ts€ qaJ =aJ= ^FJolalr
dl^ltrJ+al= EF trr^HEJ ql+7l.el 7lE= )f^la 9l+Llrl. 71F "J6lalr
6ftrl ,i, =J= Tlqlaltr
^f=J=ollzl
Illcl flslo=ltrJ ^|tr
7j. E= "J-'JL|tl. =717)El3-d=
E.F ql+= ]-d-d
6lE 1l+ef Efl '2io16.
ol.ol=g =ol= fl6|] q|+= -srLlrf. 61.^ltrJ
^fTlE
+al7f €oJol qr. 4g= +11 EIE^l ql+Oll tl|-d
HJ+LI
^iC"l ^ll^H=
ti. "E+= 6|I=7lE€
drf.", 'raJE ralr Ctl." olaJ 0H7l= dl.E +H ,\f=J=3 ol=lzl HJ8-E|Lltf. "et|?", '+l6l.al?-
olaJ trE=ol +al Dl.=+ol ql+71-= qg'^lzLlrl. dlxltrJ ql+7171=J + flE +o-4 7l^l 0l+7f 0lLJ qle7PlEl010t
6f= E -d 7l-^l 0l+7l. ql+71.= "JELItf. 4gE 7l^lr^l sl] ql+7f7f =J + g.+Ll11l? 'l0ll= ^le|oJolrl'J'Joll=
E=H11g71EJ +E fl= a"Jl-ltl-. rl=+ol
ql$Tf= ndollHol E-.J61-EI|9. 4€?Jo+ qE7ltr gE^l AJel=718
+ald^le.
=

41 i H tu\inFfiH fit,,\XHdiE l.'tr-^ "

H^l= EF ql+7le E|]GIU+I "J=*6Lltl.

^faJg FAftN, EF
grl, rrdolLtlrf
^114= The man said everyone is born as an artist.

fanc sanntinn teke out

42 iE rA/r'r'J Z^ Ht 7+Hi fr iIt. A'! trMfl ] ft UE+h'f I l, n E?IZ x.

+E rH-*'JA4?] HJSolgal El€+olql+7t i @ O.T4l1hT1+f!i)#+rrfrj+22^"
^t-J=elqtA01
_a Gtof
- -
l lTll lrl
H'\l HelEIr - u+filJF-tr,t F dgnm'+zztr-
e olalol=e ett= g7l 9l6H^l ql+= -dtl.. @ HEft\in&Fffi\EiLhz^a"
- ololE3 ^lU"l =7lE= q6|] ql+= --JLlrf. @
@ +Esl
^l.S0l
ql=7171 El=
'i=En 91q.. - ft)LENffiE+^Af'4njJe^.
O ++Ll olal ele= 3C6f= AP oll-ltl.. @ ARFIttrfiffi9.#Wt1EF*
^|tr
- qeJ ^|tr -PF ql== 3C--JLltf. EJg6itl. - frxl#.Lt)riq, ATwLEl x4&iFfi.
@ H|1?7l. El? doE -ftrJ= E7l7l
^1d:=
-'l0ll=
Llrl.
^l6roJ0lxl'J'Jql=
E+H|l+71=J +E ?1= 't"J z* , trtH!, F.rfr, F:srt+., t4bt(FRH), ffifr,

The surrounding people's cynical reaction toward art oppress€s

ql=71, g€U, 7lE, HJtf, ?l9l6ftf, q"Jdltt
our inner artist.
=alg
O Children do art to get compliments.
Children do art lor their own pleasure.
-
@ The surrounding aimosphere is preventing one to becone
an artist.
@ Not everyone experiences ari in their childhood
+ Everyone experience art in their childhood.
@ To become an actor, he/she needs the courage to quit
his/her job.
- lt is possible to be a office worker at day, and actor
at night.

artist, great, tendency, get trained, print, oppressed

4O4 chapter 3 €'J "! 6|1A

 143- 441
H^l : Sfl^lfol ,,r.,..+ gzl= +?]^l-E^pl gal ,.lel'Jl 7l^Jg
HciE nH+. ELlrl. lnll=
H+"JLlrl. EdE rJaJ
a= +l=Et -JPs ga +s
Df^lE AtrJol fl+Llrl. ErrflE= ^l.E^f
rigLrrr. 4]d Ed-g -Js7f
flr -J9+ *HDJ EaJ^J EfE ElTl r|]Eql qal gFcr +^|.=xt+rf =q=
?r+Lrrr. +g]rr-€^f
^laJ="f Trip]or 4go-r=
T.ILJEII= T|lLJol tJ zE ^rr|j'ir=
^l7fE ol=zr
=q=r. BE^f gJE EreE ^rE^f -d
t|l=J =E^l dl^llr
5JE57lE=old'-ltl. '2igLltl. ^r€-=^r7r
7flLJor rrar
+?.!^l.aE^l7l s€4?r HJ-aFe-+Lr.Etrf^r7r^r=
?!6,, r=IE7f 'J€ ttll r4g0ll t,,Ef
z.-rrf. +'rrf=^r.tr
E4 7l=E ^jlatE
rFJ"-H,f dlr., ?lErfl= 7r=-re-e pr
+gr^r€E^|.e, 6,,z ErrE _r.ar6H
0F d'Lltf' -E +?l^f.=^|.71.-EoJol EloJ
8d^f7t q olAt E9 glzil EIE Ej,.rLf sr^ ErTr,.fer tg
O*.t -ctLltl. HEF= "Je= + 9t= 7t€oJU= dEalxt ?J\t -l!^l€rl q44ee Eril'il rH-.J
Jl; = DtaJ6.tE^J EgEtoJot

43 ; 8tu1^h)ilK+&tl++#*trtF!NIL, E)k_L*
H^i=+oJrl.E^lE +fl=7 f : -t-blE&t+#E#,&ffifirt'ft, -:tp5l:t$&*.
Ell TldJ ,\l€rl q
l

trelFtoto q.

eJz9.g,
rlqfr4+. rtAth.ill+k,, -xH
EElt, EoJElrl
=€4oJ
car
driverless y that can bring
Therefore,the and counterplan
prepared and
out of hastiness.

envlronmental pollution, positive change,

come in

44 i F,IiAtEH
Hrf= 8e-^l rfal doE rl.E^l El r|]trJ ale-s2150111
Tl|LJol j eaffifeH. illrffi
-
tfi floaq rl5^l -d r||= ,(lEdl= +l+71 rtgLlrl. ;:
=
+?.1^lE^1, E+, eIEo:J, H4 7l=. Ellr4,
: rtJE&K+, i**r, 44fl+nfl(, jXI#^#, r,Iffi, ry?+
+l=dirl
i The man said when the concept of an official
vehicle takes
I ptace and the utilization of each
vehicle wtll increase. lt means
i the ,sages of an each vehicle will increase.

: driverless car, regulations, driver,s license,

l€al standard,
: rn€dsure, acquire

2El €'J "! 6l|€ , 4Os

 145- 461
LJ^l i 471t1EgP 7ll?.!el OlLlE 8e.lol E6llgrt9? r|J+Eel Eqol tsd|]alr +861.1 9l+Llrl.
g gal^l ?l=01 .JHH= ^l+grle?
,JdEEoes a=7lgil 5 qal 7l^l trEE^f=J=3 go.z + 9,lfLlrf. cFa zzeloil,\J EloJe]
-J9IEE "J-.J 6l-Al HJfldl.Zl gol'JLltf. B5-+ ?l-d sJA9gE rulltsE + fl= E^{17e. 0l=l= 0lqE
ts6H-dtl= 0l+e ZZal
^frE 9l= LlalTl EJ+LItl. t^llE +al €+0ll^l= g+ =E9
xlqq^1 47121:81
E+E 6|'q rEt|e= +716lr. =EgflALl+.
=6|.r. dlxltrJ 0l0ll r|l6H HJ"J6|=
dEE 9l#Llrf.
-dq= aoJqle. E2J +Lt| =JH|l =EflE ==6|]0t
=fl^lEsl+3lELl+. r=+E
E 45q #01r. =JHll -d Aql= 60'/. +=E
EE^l=01 rt|Ll 'J+dl.= ^HlaJ3
oJ 74 floll =Jdl.=t1le. EE^F=P 74 flel ^11=01
Lt|= "J= El^-dE fl4E oJ€6H
^ll=3 ^ll==
e-Lltl. -d+-JHH4HlrlEEl rJTil^f= +62 +At--J aol olllal=Erlel HIEE^|.7|.86 8E-g
=afr =EUg
+ ?t= -sral4 4$01 9l= -H.ri a6€01 += l0lafr +8--JLlrl.
=E€4q01

AE -E E'M'IE;)F6 ov' tu\ tA#.

-JHH -d'Jollts 60"u" +=e.l +rfEJllrl. O +T#l+i* re ME tRftFfi trlffiTt "
^ll=01
A'JEl 'J+A
=EEo49
-d+oll^l d^-+
^lEdlHtl.
-H1T4E4+AM1-E&'M.
, zl-1J=l Eutr ol!
EJ= -;t-J aE | ff l-7t tr_t r lrl- @ h 7 wlRE&M fr th* r&lE"
=/tLt
2 47121=e4 trfAorE43 +el a^Olrl. ^&+r
- li-E a#. fit{Lj ffi NIry H ft fi 1}j*n&*8.
olq= =E^f
0l?+ .J+C|tf.
- ==el ts6H-dtl= ZTlal
=E=
trJ+ofr 9l+.
@ 4/1T€ft U€ Ffi H ffiAtul'1+i* r&,kE"
, fi.frit H ft\E "i1F b Jfr.trtu1 di*r&*E.
O €+= s= ez4
'd+= g+^lqoll^l =E=
ATlzl ?lft-ltl. @ ff fr\ - + t^ l: F=xt Eh,ts)6 tLtw.tu1 ffi /+ " .

^lqoll^1
@ .JHH Aq trHJ 0lAr3
=E='J+6lr
+rfEl= ^w
=E^lEoilZl ^ll=0lrl. thl:Fh:lE, t,,\E H, lEll*rx.ffi, 'ffi*,
,J71tl
fr+fi, iHfr€, *if,lt, ^+tu\l-E,
Argfrtn+
Eelel d6H, ZtreE, 3=,
rlEl]E, =1,7HoJ"l
^f+,
dE€, --Jel4 4"J ol ihe price is taxed on a single package ol cigarette.
60"/o
^HlaJ,
O Korea is the first to practice in regulating street smoking.
+ There are many countries that ban street smoking.
O The purpose ol regulating street smoking is to decrease
the number of smokers.
- Infringement of public interest is the reason for regulating
street smoking.
@ tne government is regulating the entire area's street
smoking.
+ The government is regulating certain area's street
smoking.
@ lt/ore than half oi the price on the cigarette is taxed on
the smokers_
street smoking, lreedom of the individual, lnfringement
of public interest, secondhand smoking, cigarette butt,
fine, consumption, elfectiveness, rational alternative

46 I H f\tx[f,tl f\rnBA, th *,sE'MIFEA# f'!+Kf +l

LJ^f= ZTlal Sslel Eot|all 6i= +8al 471a.1E1 i fr'I+r *th'ffi4AEEe'MA&fl Ft+9f "
=E0l
fl4= EdH-uftl= 44sl +6t=,-4trJ4oe €
E+01
tri*l-r'7 =E^fe]
ol4t lrf
i tRffi, nffi, q++, ilqE, 'rLwffi+.
ovt! aE+tst,
^itfrt+,
The man is objectively explaining the both opinions on street
7Je'H,
EZI rfe, i'JE6fti, +rl smoking is a infringement on the public interest and the
=)\
orLl =E6ftf, ^11=E
regulation on the smoking is a infringement on the rights of
the smoker.

basis, view, statistics, support, prove, impose a duty

406 Chapter 3 8g ? 6HE

147 -
481
q^f : g€ gajol EIE "J== rHc 8Ll3 -Hebl= g=nl3^110il rH6ll^l qq elz=01 ?l=rlle. "J+0ll^l= 0l
=01= ,g4dfdLlrp
€LlEl4.l^pl2J4al|r.1 c+^HEol qaJq.= 0l+= HJLH--JL|rl. 0l0ll rH6|1 ol:s7.il
^]lE= ^l=.J6l.E
U+it|E= dl= 7lg0l +E ?,l+Lltl. dl'^ltrJ TlgP =q
g=01 ts01 +'J^alfltrJ raJ^l"l g== 4.€6lq
'J^f :
=E
6Hr= + flAq+. r=rzl =q= EIE raJ^l=ol rE"JEd= + ?lrf= afEol 916llrl. E-.J 7lg3 7l=sl
=oJ =rH^le
+aJEJ eal- zl+6t|,\1 + 9l+Llrl. olae ral -lEi^l7H7HoJollzl= t+.8EJ0l H€fEl= aolz Tlgollzl=
r$r1-o; g^lal= ^l.E--J
d=61.= Tlgel ol+= 116l= a"JLlrl. qal^l rzJal^lrH €LlESel Erl4oJ rt]gfol
^lal4
=J + ?l+a ,S4-cr-Llrl.

47 lsR*Tttfri d4ftU ffi i6. G:ILEI uqf.2*Ifr.ffi"?&t il1

g;nl=r1lE Tlgg 7l="1 +EEJ oJal== Zl+6ll,\l FfiD)H""n++4I" ^h

+ ?lol^l:d6fE
ol=oJLlrl. O Hff$A H'! r'ft1'FlHmtl*W+ +lfr + tP.WxE "
^lE--J
O _zgr1"; g=01 AIAEIE L+ ,gEJol A= + glrf. -
xf +Hffi tr! fr ,nE + lfr,++,tfr +H 4Rf,+
^, 4eiEAXffi . "
- _zaj _tEIl- 7H7H?.l0ll1l= l+ 8EJ0l ELA|EJLltf. @ EffiA k1ffi,' 5 E + trffi,,\+d
o)
s oL+t
^lLiEl.^lTf
+
Tt/\Ot ilLl=
ouo ltllf il].e."[E
.-ilo-tL .r.tainl
rrvt
olrl.
u-t. -
trIfrE il1 ffi.,)- kI rt +xt ffi.,\td 4€€' tr ffi "
€Lltrl^]^f7f #+.alfl qaJf|tf. @ r F A d'+fiU trd'J€r{ft 4R Infr\ Y+.
I g3ularl|= d+"1 g^fzl^l+^HEol
d= sl+= rfdl= rl0lrl. ArlL Et,if A'14-X.+E t H M A E'Jftrl|.'.
-
Tlgollll= ?B^le.l g^fal= 6f=6|.= Tlgol^1tr14 0l+
- @ Hff$# f n€ rIE k1&15 Ffi U Ad+Air.

=
116l= l"JLlrf.
+ffi, Ift, EI E, # +d4q, W++!fr, iB'f {*F+,
@ _zaJrl.= g+el 16l.+= EF gr 9tq^l il^foll ol=Olrf.
€t€r,fF, My+
EaJ, g=, qrlrl, {]+^l|E, t+ g=J €LJ= +ovrFr'
ri^Errr
olTl-fl-= olE-=. ervrFr
rl:l-r[
: lt is beneficial to the company when salary peak system is
o=vr-r' -rr=
=/\rLr= ^f=il-rl : in use, because the company can still hire the existing skilled
:

worKers.
O When the senior citizen's pension is cut, aged life wlll be
naro.
+
To the each aged employer, aged life is guaranteed.
@ A decrease of retired people and new recruitments of
younger people is not related.
+ lt is hard to recruit new people il there is a decrease
in the number of retired people.
@ Satary peak system is doing its governmental duty of creating
jobs.
+ Creating jobs for the senior citizens are the company's duty.
@ lt is beneficial for the company as the elders have their
know-how.

age, wage, retiree, new recruits, aged life, retirement

security, create jobs, discharge one's duty

48 E rf rx - ft tr tu\ iffi ft , DJ:EIfr# trJ tffi.,'

fi'! U l4 + fr FxXn
'Jrl= 0l ,\l="JdfEELJqrl^l7l A46H^l C?it|Eol cl 4g ExEt H, r'J*[r]H-[+€ e T Fi,I" ^+A
^ll-E=
aJ+= 0l?= HJrH-Lfrl= g+q elzojl 0lol= 9l rEl,tlj&trxf, FH+iI, E++K
H"t"t.
=q ^ll71611

The man has raised an opposing objection on enforcing of

A6l.1l Uttl6l.tl, 0lsl= rllTl6ltl, +3= Eiltl the system, saying when the system is enforced, the decrease
in the retired people will make it is hard for a new recruitments
to happen.

strong opposition, raise objection, claim one's opinion

2il €.J "! dH€ 4O7

49
E+"J01 450trJ fl01 E trllzl^l= il+rJol Hl4ldu
=7Fdt]trl.
A++Zl, +,S, Hl4l6ltrt, llEdttt, g^l4oltl

50
qrF= -et El?ElElalql^1E E+= ?lt6lQ E!+ -"J=E d+tr
Zl= €Edtr.9l+Lltl.

Z61|, €Ealtrt, €:dOll Hl+ol Htt \

=E,

408 | cnapter 3 d=J "i at|€

 Y7l gq(51H-54fl)
r!5. .EHg9! (+E^t) HIIE
=-*
O 0l7jl|.|z ?l+Lltf / ?l+Lltf
51 =+6lr
e 6f7l= HFJLltf / 617l= 7lg-etLlrf
to
52
e SEafc|l "J0ltf / SEo[cfE ziolrt 'to
c 0fc7f^l?.! _?glolrf / ttc7$la 7j,=E-l

53

-d+?13 q7l llz0ll +^.1 EJE, EJE, Eq q|A +=J rJlJ Ets$ olts uio-+ LlElLJtl. ol 6 +! gEol
"'+x ^16l
=J5,
=5,
83.37.-tr 718 EAI LlElHtf. +^l EJE rv ?.!ElLJl Z^4, t4!, 'ftrr.59 =J5= 6f= ,t= g + 9trl. +^l =JEel
^lzql=
HlEol tse floJ. rl.-rl 'J+. a4, q7|- d=|= ^l€olt_l ++o-|.trf. Eilfl, q7l g= HlE0il rH-.J erll4 +=Jol 91tr1. j]nll, q7l.
ll€ =eq7l
"! nereJsl d-H.7|-++6ftt. olal-Ef flof os ^lzol
8=oll rt|-Ll ,\ll-+e oJ^lrl'+g|-zf q7l Eeral THgsl =Jgd= gr +
otrt-

54

rll=01 €||Elol LHT| € rrtuTf^l qal 'Jzlsl rl€E z^lzl EJr].. r rl€gil^l rll$ol +arEl^l grealE sel6| EJ+4olr]..
raJql =Js olAf-e.E E6f-d 84-ur1 ,PJti. El= rirl.= LH8EH+E6tel gol trJ EJoi Hq^l =J'J:iI.J
^llEEol
401 -dF flo1 0lLltl. 7|-401 ee=ql_= lt1ggnl €3 =dl fll ^l+ ^lzl gt? ge e6lel rlEEl s.g nflEoil 7l4ol
eE= aP olLJ7l 6l= 84El^l =el^l^l =ol=ol^j ^f+
=flrl.
rl4ESre 4Hlrlol {Jelg pQccal+. sar= !rn 714-ilrlTl Tlr|]oll trl^l^l=6|.= +!-.J LHE-.H.8 rl.^l^lr #e El€ol
/.lafrlsl= 7i0l+. r4r +9,trl= €401 Tlgol 0l0lrl= ts€4oe --J7l6l l EJrl. ola3 3u 14o+ 7lg0ll 3^ll4 +tE
LfolTl el= g
flzl + 9t= =E^l
g=ol+E +7|. ol0l^lLl +Tl SdalqlE gg= llE + 9lrl. rE Egp E.z L-1E
"JeZt|..
+lalo+ rl4 E33 ^ilEgLJHlal= HILJ= trl-g + s.E ?iolri.
0lrl= 3rll, +e 5^ffqel EoFoll qtgBtE nl! + ?l= rt4 Ed q=6lE ?J E ?iolrl.. g"*e Eg= -d
^llE= ^l+olE =e
atE= zl+ +!lldH^l ral rllEEol z8+E +E= -d= !cl+r..N+. ralr ^1.
+ g.ol Hll 5l= rl4 E3E7l- r|lEJE-g
gg=

2il Eg "! 6t|€ 4Oq

410 | cnapter 3 €'J "l ;l|€
 qi9i i.xi']i j i jqr :4:^): :q
x-lto
O!= 4:);1 iAl g q i i. : -L r+

ol +
:C:4 , _H_
'|ili | .ql
: ---]
=i ;4i4 -
L
'll .t i lq
*-*: iE cdI
:Hiol
4,!:+j ;l ^-l
t
.a ol ol A
g1 i=iril EI
-
-l qiqi
€,9i=tg ^J
zltA
ri ol

^1 .#' :9 ^Ji4i"t
4i .5'9
i4iqis o.l iIriE-l
+ j. : g i =J qi i"t

4.i^l gi jEi+j
€izl ig,-tiai4,,i+iolirli ia1 iEj-=,
-^liir-
=,T'i
ol:L
|_-- ! ^,\!:-
si+iol i+iH 4'zl i iol
i :,r
-l
"l:^l:T-r tatzl 4:4iqr'il.E €:6Jig trlta
iEi;i i;jHi
,

-- r
+i
i -"' I --- i-
i9i+i.
j
:si ;j+:ei
j

ii:!ii!
i"r i;i=
-tri ir+:ql eitliei :4i+l *'ul i+i= Hlrr+;o
lruie
ul.Eli
ri i+ s,ig
:ol'i-l
iii:ii
,el ai4l iqiEl
eii€i6Jig t4:4. ja,4
:Ol
iul
oI:Elio uizl:o
E : : L
= itl'+
* ull :oll :,t-l: , J:E zll i+iEiol AizJ
r-i---:--"; : : i - i -- i --- i- : --- r '
-=-i i6lio' diq:a1a- iri4
li ;El:e!
.............. -i .......... ........ ! :
'
:
:
i :di+i.
gi :zlligi+:g %liHig
z:ol::l-
9i+jH +i=iEi :4:

2El €.J "! dll€ I 4l I

?l7l gq(1 fl-50H)
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10
ai e) @ o @ o\ o @ e) \1)

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
a @ e @ \4 @ e) 6.) e a)
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
@ e\ e e\ @ e A a\ e \t
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
O) o\ /a\
@ @ @ @ @ lo, @ @
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
@ ad e) @ O) e) A @ @ @

'l E*k'fU ftt Rtf zKY4ra,'fEE'f& S * E'! f++.6HE D).

trrtkr.EtE,taIHE&,s'-^llH r=qr qZ Udl.tf .H,E

e4 talol ++61^l'J ESP ( ).
fi!'-(e) - /= I (e) e
=6|.+igi*"
O ral 4 6ltl @ t=J 2j,JLl
@ r= @ -:1=J 'Jalrh {,[+-tu1+2, TW, t++
=al+
eal a+rl=al Eg3 rJa+= olrlgLlrl. 4af^l HJiloll The sentence above means "(youd cooking skills are not that
L 'r.lr+t -ralFl:-t rHzDl:lrf ol olnlol '_/o\L
/\ft H r-l-t! l9l(o\= good, but its appearance(food) looks pretty decent/nice". So
E I=uvt-t
-t -t-tu
\-t-t Lt \-/-
= 'rllE r=JElI. QZ oJapl-1o)L/=/(o)e
ol
6lrf EE0l ?i0l tr++Llrl. the expression
=q7l.= o[cf)', which has a meaning of 'looks pretty decent/nice', =
is
appropriate in the blank.
9.al !+, ++6ftl, Egh

cooking siklls, lack, shape

2 tr n,ffi B E ffi Dtl AT]\4r. fi ,U,E.B E Flrfl H 6ti-"14"

qIqA= 71Ea ( ) ,J)loll 4=J 7j ?JLI.

rD atzlHl- A o' =iotl

@ t] qEoll @ rl= rHe
The situation is bad as one has caught a cold. Find the reason
?J7p,l2Jt1^1=Il gje dg"J|-ltl-. ugl47J 0l+= LIEILH: i why one has caught a cord.
a= lofoF --JLlLf. :

catch a cold
2J7|p'l ?Jr;lLl

412 Chapter 3 5'J "! 6l|€

 3
gC6l L+dlE +golErl

o -g + 9iotoF4rt @ -g + ?lE qot ftrf

O -= + ?l7l EFJolrf @ -g + ?tEzt "Jzt .-ttrf
'-g + 91tr1.'al.= LlElr_fl= a= *ol.ot dJl-ltrl.
==
+1ol=rl, -g + 9ttrt

4
+B= Hfl+71.^l4rdrlu ez|l -cr +
=Xl
?1trf.

o d+ €EE @ d+srl Fd:lZ 6|lE

@ d+71 rJ €.-l^ltrJ @ d+ei d+ri Hl+ofl^lalr

+g dalol d+et Hl+g= LIEILH= aE 4olot gl-lrt.

d+, +gg ufi$trl, A+01 Hl+6ttr|-

5
E 7'!E u7'
\' l€EElJl.Q.!
rD @'qtr
^IE
@+B €f
=E
'+^lel +zl9l= ,lE dolot -etLltrt.

+rl, ,J elE, sB,

^lE, =E

6
0F!
=7t= 0F8,
0F0t
TlLl olHlE= qoJ6l^Jte.
=4lolrlql^J =^l
O OF+ @ z'lJ
@ ?]E1LJ] @ +rt| dEf
'TlnlEtt trJ lllEl?l=- 7lolo+ 03.Jol olLJLlrt 'flIl
olrl,\l
Ll 'L|l + oJE ol+el +4191= a= +oloF:dLlrl.
=71=-,
oF€l, T|LJ olHlE, 4"Jap1
=/.l

2El Eg "J ufl€ | 413

 7 au,w,ffifr E^iHtrfr!^tr+, *+kfra'Er
="(EJ

ol^Jl= ^(tre ^eJ4. , Ev:t:88 )lEDl^ll

I+ TfdrJlE Dll:roll^J "uuor= iil-d6ll Elll-g'.
- dLH= +ffi&al
- +E= Sit|6l1l!
^tr6H^l
8)lel
- E+jZ ,tll+-d
Find something that controls the indoor temperature 'in a cool
o qtqz O) rJg.!P] state'.
@ €471 @ a+El
air-conditioning, days, humidity conirol, air cleaning
dL|1 3E= 5=6|-= ,i 61.= ?i= AOpF --JLltl. system, fresh, experience
='^1fl61-41'

'J'J eE 371 3d 715, dEH6l4l, -ll-d6l.rl

^|tr, ^a

I ftHx+frffiffitrfu"
.JCel Z3trJ 6H^l= ,iol OfLJLltf.
=JH[|= ,ffi, &eR, r*8. frffi. xt
'Jqr =Jugl -d a= trl$rf$
.J^l"l 0l0l= HJ'J= trl?= ag|_ltl.
=J^lrl 71.+= +l6H^l olll= EUFiE:: 19.

O =JHl| @,J'J Find something that is related to quit smoking.

aQ) ,,r.o @=E
cigarette, health, noise, decide to quit smoking, quit
'JUHE _+=ts aal aJzl9l= aE *0|.0t --JLlrl.

=JEH, 2J7J,49, e+
=8,

I @ fi illrtilU&+tJiLw"

dlllTl+
oFZ 7||S oJLH - 1"1 fr1rt + LWf]t)iL+rJ
1fr27 tr iit "

* )l 2J:2017L3 3C 139 - 2O17Ll5g 319

@ .W].fr triiib1
* ,,t.l zJ: BE 9F 8,\1 @ atrxAgHfrhtuEIv)I*.ffi"
- 9+ 9,\l
- ol8 gH : dfLlT|? qqF -J+ - &IEIAFEA+H1tH.
*7lEli =tr1l0lrl01l,\1 @ -trIfr T'rtfrxlxxR"
- *T'Y]1NIAXAR.
x )l +
? ol8 +Dt| d=JEE
lootrJ
^l =€
O qlE'J ol.E d=-=.'J= + 9ttl. dr'Et+dtr, f!Hzi*, M^, +Ifrffiffi, nEr*
-- Gle+ + gE6||0l
dE='J= + 9lfLltl.
+ gE6l.E EJrl..
@ ?lElLJ!o_e ql"+-d O li make a reservation, one can receive a present.
@ +"JollE qlE'J 6lE olE-=r + ?ttl.
+ Visiting afier a reservalion, one can receive a present.

- oFZol8€ Egoil'J 7l-=--JLlrl. I One can visit aiter making a online reservation
@ qlqt= 6lE EJE^I 7FE +g6HotU -dtf. @ lf make a reservation, one can also use during the
HJEII 7[+= ?0ll6ll0t 6l-= weekends.
- 'i3 OILJLlrl. Night use is only possible during the weekdays.
-
0F2J i||8, olE gH, "J+, g=EE, @ When a reservation is made, one must purchase a furniture-
=€dltl. + lt is not required to purchase a furniture.

opening at night, using method, indispensable, daily

supplies, present

414 Chapter 3 8g I 6l|€

 ro @ zorcFtutrf5€4nF.Enftfr\.
.oJElLl!
+ 2 016+ EI +HCAFEffi i4ll El.
rv=^EJ 0ll= EEf
^EJ=el @ l,X HIA+rJ tulfF5€BFfl :EH/n.
@
64 6,000 134 2,000
- F,Erv€i4 tW+hk\+HtrffiA4trFetr4,ffi -, +TE
{ftHNMryJ"
6,000 @ zo to F kI W ]rilA +rJ +H trEnEr v Hlflrtl*hfi t - + "
34 700
- zo to 4 *1 FE l;Wr +n +H E Efr -;rv Hil,!6 ihfi! ffi ,f*"

+HEEr., #Sn,
-+, ro:EH;Js

O The sales of the year 2016 is a very precise sum of money.

(1) 2oto5o1 0tl=.-qe Dtl+ dEf-.J + The sales of the year 2Oj6 is a predicted sum of money.
=o_lolrl-.
- +d-d lgLlrl.
20161-lo; D|]="_43 @ Sales on the onltne shopping mall is fast-growing.
@ ?.lElLll 0l|=01
E+6fZl E_L 9111. @ Not many buy products through TV home shopprng.
^oJ=q
@ rv ga'-rg E_r. ,\l= 7ie.l glrl. - The change in sales of the TV home shopping is not
- rv =^gel 0tl==Z= ^iaJ=
EefTl frl gr= S +oli^i7f Zsl fl= big, but it does not mean that there are no customers.
,13 of-Jr_lrl. @ On ZO1O, sales of the online shopping mall was
half of the
@ 2010Llsl rt|=._4e ?.lElLt! rv g4g"1 truol?rl. sales of TV home shopping.
oJElfl ^-JEol
- 2010LJ rt|=S TV 2H|iHHALlrl - On 2010, sales of the online shopping mall was rwrce
^B=el =^Eel more than the sales of TV home shopping.
rH=e4, trHJ, E+"_lll
="_4, =rl sales, sum of money, half, fast_growing

il O 'ffr.+Et),+EfrrJfr4l +Zt
"
rE€ 6^0-l=
trl^JlE^l rtliEoll 3Zl -
Ffr.+tr1,)++Ti-E"
EllilE^l= Hl+6.H Eol^ltrJ^l.aJ=O1 =flt|. @ 'M+P"trk11t/iF.eiy ry&F.
-El^fel dEe E-"J +e+.
etAE-eTl EAs! u11 Lle= eg EEe 534= @ tl. H H'f ffi trH qfl[+ tr F#[E] D)FH+!'M.+.
EJol
-cf+6i-Il ?tGi^J Zaoil qrB-arg trlr.lrl. El^llfl^l7f
C-=t -
4l' H sf 4'ft H a\wpT+l'M.a H,l€H tr E"
nl|= dE= .Jol dl|ltr @ tl fr tr ftikE tuI *tfc- tft ,'f&+tftEI D)tt..+ i?.
"-1, elE-* rq.E
IE 0f4i= +E6H^l E=71= =q9=qr66lloF-Lfrf.
"iE el= +0ll -
tl. H tr -E Et+]+tRjI+ ;t AZI9I++,MA
"
u!0J^1 El^Jlflr17f Eoll .Jol9l^l pJ-t.q 5p
= =gdl'Zl
Aol
'ffi+, t)+8, tt4d, ri*+nffi, tr+tr,
6.96ltf. I+,EXF*F4,
!+rx.+$, ftFtfrffi *x*sfiJ, rfr,ffi
o ol,rllExl= EJ/.lol rf= 0l=olrl..
- rllJlfl^lel EJ^l= rlE|-lrl. O Fine dust is another word for yellow dust.
e Dl^Jlflrl7l dg 4l= trJ7l= ?J= aol + Fine dust and yellow dust are different from one
anorner.
@ el=-=r 4 ol.+ rl^3|-l ^l7l^l =rl.+ gtrl.
rl,rJlflxlE tr+=
^i8dlE @ It is better not to change the air when there are a tot of tine
- elE--J nflE rl,rllflxlE "_+ol+= IB rl/.r= +E6HOF dust outside.
6l-r lrl
H"t"t. @ One can put on any type of mask to block out the fine
dust.
@ el= +oil= 6e= Eoil TlEzl 4lGlL|]E 0l^jlfl^l= rJlTJg
4 olrl-
-
One has to put on a specific mask beiore going outooors
to block out the fine dust.
- el= +0il= E+dfXl yloloF trl^llfl^l=
+ ?l6Llrl. @ One can get rid ol the fine dust by lighily washing away
^llZ-J
after going out.
rl^llErl, g^L €8, EpgEe, eg Etr, E=71, + One can get rid of the fine dust by meticulously washing
gg:BF= !l^l+, roe= E}dfrf -_+, away alter going out.

fine dust, yellow dust, component, fossil fuel, poilutant,

heaw netal, respiratory system, bad influence, complain
ol pain

2El E'J "! 6||€ 4]5

12 O E*X{R;t, trF_xa=iF.t+"
-'fJtUfF'fr! fitH,E,.
r]+=zf .Jtoe aE= rfLlsJtf. -Jul7l HFJ
'|'€6-t'+
@ E4.e$+r.E*trBnE4"T
=01^1 "
{lal Lf3/.laJol .PJ9,trf. E^l+= r-lil El.3e+=
=o.E
ll IlrJ= _E,--{rf. zE tf:ltl 2}Ll7l c"Jtl|Oll )l E)lE - *8tr6EtET IF\, ftEEA WHV'tfr .
:drl. @ FPEEZ^iH&^.
zlol=7lE El c=^l ?Jzl gaPJ + ?Ifl^l"J
@ gM2k+tu1),TX4"
=g EJA LHTl gfE
TlLli-:l= Zfltl. I"JtH0ll^l E
=01
a-Etf TlrH6fr
^lEP
r G +al de Ll+ 4t01.^l -
4 M.rh+*I )',1V4, Ffi I))+1FF^ItF1+4PK.

:ilrf.=Lt-a{r,
_flg+ "JaJ [g_\, FEe, NW, Ewi
O Hfgol EJol E^l"J lHtl..
=3 'Jr Rttnough it was windy, it was a fine day.
-'ulaJE $lrf='HfaJol E+q rl= O
="JLltl. +'Get out in air' and 'windy' are two different meaning.
@ d.Jrtloll^l EcE El =flt|.d"Jt||oll,'.l=
=qf= qflr
)l7l @tney had lunch and listened to music at the observatory.
- E'Jttloll
ol-ol4r
Tj,oll E,,.l+=
^l^fdf^l + They had a boxed lunch before going the observatory
L:MH"l"l.lrL
and did not eat at the observatory.
€) d"Jr|]oil,'.l +4 dol E Holrl ?J?,trl.
@ 4lol=71-= Elal= Ee ii^l gr9,ttl. @ tte/sne can not see his/her home lrom the observatory.
+ ^FJ=o1 efl+ @ There weren't many people using the cable car.
Alol=71= Efel= IfaJ=ol Lrof,(l Tltfal=
=01 The line for the cable car was long, because there were
Lltl. -
a lot of people waiting.
E,'.l+, ctrJrH, 4E:, HfaJ= [ltl
box lunch, observatory, picnic, get out in air

r3
(Ll) 4ft24WT F-r. H! Hi{F eH il\ft lLffi trsT +htrE.
(71.) -d43 r|]E6l E "Jal^l rl=0ll= 8al.oJ 11tr2f (+) aftEtA-+frfl\,|r\fu.
=-,1
8art. (7t) rt4ElB fr*ill|Pt, ftiEr5+r N%frtr"
^l +0il^lE rH=01 g50l ?Itrl.
(Ll) EEJ (af) i T HfiE^-n-:i)h/n,,BAlcfi'liHfr f+4)8ffi"
(rl) HIE e-z =7f61=
goltf.
zeH6l=
(al) Eg= =E= 4Hl7f $os-E gfdEl.E
=+6f=:cral4oJ tH+, tri+/E, 6F€, ft\r., -+fr., €trn#iH€,
d"J0lrl. ffi4L
'Hl-"'. '=61'= 56H^l +^1= Hf=41 Lfg:g + ?l+Lltl..
(Lf) g=01 9itt. By 'lmmediately' and 'especially', one can correctly order the
+oil^lE 0H=01
=eJ
(rf) Hhe. =7|-6|.=
goltl. answer.
EE= 7lat|6l=
(71) =-r. rl].-61 E.Jal^1
-.J^!p SaloJ SetL (Ll) Even in the recession, there is a type of business that
^l=oll= ^lEzfrl has an increase in sales.
(af) =61
EEJ= -ctal4oJ 4Hl7l oJe-eE aJd{=J d"Jolr.l.
==-ol-= (tf) lt's dealing of secondhand articles.
-.J^4. SaloJ ,\lE, EeJ ge E=, r|I=01 (7f) Especially, used books are very popular and recently,
EJ€atElrf =a =7i6ltl, online bookstore has oPened.
(al) lt is predicted that a reasonable consumption to get over
the recession will be vitalized.

secondary-hand book, online bookstore, recession,

type of business, used article, increase in sale,
revltalized

41 6 Chapter 3 5'J "; 6l|€

14 i r4.=."' HT -' 5' tr t -' f; n tr E Xt 4f /z H! IS H FJr EI X E 6ft

(7|.) fl'J+El +al g=Joil "Jg-d EEOlfl

: tlFFt))tlfrtrt.
"J+0il21 "Jg i (7 t) ffi ffi E E X * -1xf &,ff t Ri4 k! Hifr *ix,ETEl +itD ilt
I F,'

(Ll) "Jol
Oil

EEE
F

EEe gal*.71 nHEoltl.

i A+n"

(rl) 0lelollE
"J_=af=
"J= +'J gf+ol 8^l0lLl+4o++ ,\l€:
: (al)
-g'fFiffi%1T+H!ft'll.€+W ftEtrJE&HH'HII"
| (Ll) )L?,r\, 46]&H +4#.4tlfr\+1fr&+F I f+ "
Elgrl.
(al) "J3 dE Lf= + 9t= uH[$ 75;c10+, fl-J r=J i (Ll) trt-14Ni h-l+F<"hk1ih+h"

4oll=. {e14 9111.

i
R,4, F"h, ixF, +rn, fs-H, ttr+F\, I{ttt
'-o+E ++6|r'-71 ttflEoltl7l.+loll t||-zf 0l
^|$Elfltf$ll on 'used for -' and understand the reason for
+oJ^l= $qdlfl #.tl$ u1e4; LIE-=I + flALl+. ' Concentrate
(7f) fl'J+Ej 9al trJ=ollll "Je 8E|Joll -J-"-Lf -sftt i 'because of -' will allow one to correctly order the answer.
(af) "J3 E= |E + 91= HUf= E=+Eoe.-0lfltE fli= ral +ollE , (7D From the old days, horses were animals that was
LfEfLf 9lrf. : indispensable to our people's lives.
(rf) OlelollE "J3 +.J g|oJ"l 5f^lolLlF4oes ,\fEElflrl. , (z[) As a fast transportation method that can carry loads,
(Ll) "Jol EEE "J_=.;l= EEe "JalfTl flflEolrl. : horses even appeared in old pictures.
. (c[) Besides, horses has been used as an ornament or a
"J+, g=, +.J, 8^.1, F4, -n54.1, LlElLlrl : talisman on the interior and the exterior of a tomb.
. ({) eecause horses are known to be the animal that guides
i the spirit.

ethic group race, spirit, grave, ornament, talisman,

transportation method, show up

l5 trtr'1!,E- +,1 D)Ehft}tuttF'ltrnF.

(7|.) 0laJ ?]7lol goJo+= Ad-sf 7|1alE1el0l0F7l,
(ai)' E?&Ytrtr'ruiE
"'mE-"'8{+',fit&^-tu4 trtje&E.
^|]^l ( rf ) I4 A ft 6 ru 7E 2& 4, 1.8 fti) IF h F.**, € iL ft m E-
I dJ 5.
9t= ?d0l E-drl. 2|ffitlT RE"
(Ll) !E-d oJe, E+ Ssl rl.g-d AtE 7Hg_=._E 0lclrl=
71fl1x1 7l-il7l- Erl.
(Ll) mtrrLA)lET xtr+4ffierctu1ffiF,, +4
=o o/.rl
if1 ^lE.
{H1E?RH"
(rl) 0l^ll= ?]Elfl EzE'Jol gEf, EalEle
^ll+qq (7 l) dinf+# ffi fr1 ffi tr rtlfih+, H ffituT +thJtfrIfr rt.h F1rt
fl4r 0lA|el ?]71= +al7lE -drl. rkuft,!JFtr"
(al) 'flE'01 oJElfl 7l+e.l g=rl aJ4l ill|dg6lr.
olrl-
t-1. #ffi.4Lffi. 4*4tr{HH. +tr,,l5
'-7lE 6Ef, 'E-Lf', '0lal'== +,\l= Hle/l Llg-g +
=6H^l Through 'is also 'also', and 'such' one can correctly order
-',
(af) 'flE'01 oJElLj! 7l+e] g=rl.-stzl ell €361..Z 9lrf. the answer.
(tl) Olx]l= "JEl'-Jl AZg'Jol gsl, Ea[lfe fl4f 0lAl (a[) 'Webtoons' are growing with the internet technorogy.
^lEfElGl (rf) Now days, pass the internet space, it is produced as
el oJTl= +al7lE -drl.
(Lf) E-d ?lE, tr rfgt:-J 8E Tt|geE 0lclrl= e^Jl4 movies and drama, and enjoys the Jame even more than
7l^Pl ELl. =el = the original work.
(7|.) 0lal oJTle.l goJoe: A!-.J ilalElel 0l0t7l, rl|^l 9l= (Ll) Also, it has a high economic value as it is made into dolls
+€01 E-drl. and stationeries.
(7|-) These primary factors of the popularity is due to the
Il]^|, Etl!6ftl, E6ltf, 3^ll4 )l^l7l ELl, oJTl= +altl original characters, stories, and witty construction.

wit, original, chosen, high in economic value, enjoy

popularity

2il €'J "! 6H€ 417

-16
E+E doJ6fl,\l 10Ll LJll E 4+ ?ttrJ 'J8r
^l=zl^l
7t r.dfol Htrl. ,,\lHl^dlEl rlg0l r.^l= qrEol trJol
+l^t( 9!+qol
.Jzl gt_1..^ 591 €01 all
= =q,ll
Floil 'rE t!41=E A + 9ld^lu, 'sl=J +7|. g,tr|-.'al'=
=-e.-ergLJ
gi-e.-=.e LJsr.= 4+l-g'll| A',= LIEIL]|= rt=
=gol
*0t0F:dLlrl.

94, {!rllE, +q, r.8ol Lftrf' 8=rl

17
T!E-=e r.lzel flr|lE .|.!tza|l= HfEJo.-e 1Ea+
El 10-=71lrlE Lfilrl. ?ill40+ 401 ?l=
rl fr=rl, glrlE q! €EoJrl,
50ltl. lEiEoll TPtE+=
10EE0ll TvtE+E 9le-d "JaJ
-EE'4+7t
-olr E ziecl4e EolatE -0lrl.
( ).

E^ll7l'^lE- 6l+0ll g:d= zlTlqr. ;"JeEe €6ll[! g&

+ 9lE+'J= =+ 9l= u=trJ E= g40t -d|_lrl.
= ^l"J
Hl, EiilEltrl, 6l+6|.tr1
^!E==, ^!EZI|],

r8
tj-alEoll 9l=
trl+e.l 718-+rPl
a+qE

8E:d olal8/.t=J=E E=rl r FJE Elal,(l qal

^FJol
/.laJ=o| dgE Ell g0l Hftr ral qloltrl.
7|,s Aeql^1 gaE 4+olEol^ltrJ + "l
tl= EIE+ 6l|0F -dLltl. ^laE8ollE4tE
=01
zl+olE. 7ls+rt, 71A| d:d, g7|] 1!= 6ltl,
^lElEs,
d=-J= 4lErt

4l B I Cnapter 3 d'J "J oll€

 l1e - 2ol
-.J+ EaFfol !)l)l (
?l+. 1990LltH -sr+ EalEfTf xl8o+
) tsO|.^la SBEJ 0l+ trtr tfg-.J +49
ffi r4-n5 =7111 EJrl. al= =g-d -aFfoil^J q+oJ8ol -0ll
q= ^l-J=01
8E0l^l+ LfeJ=rll 0l rrHEoil a+ErJoils
E+6i-r. "Jal+. rE+OllE Ealtrl+ tr|]C,
^lzrlE+=
rJaJ AtEsl rll=o1 E6:--{r =Jg^lql sJaJr-qol
^lZ0lp.!zl
=ElLlZl
c4n1o; =q
g-BFalfl Afd 0ldfo.e rJ+6ftl. =flrl.
0l^JaJ 9=.J

lo
at 4 + +t t z-Ft EtJ fr\ ).aa.6iffiiR J€ tr fi'! iA iE.
-d+ -alDfol oJ717l Etr tsofd= LIEILH= a= 40t0F--JLltrl..
Effi, €iiiR, ifrH(, *l+'tF.^, lEnF
+4, 4+=#, 'JgEltl, EElLlll EJal+, 'zJal6ftl
Find that shows the popularity of Korean drama is keep on going
up.

nationality, bird flu, broadcasted, sell like hotcake,

powerf ul

zw, e ++Eufrfitrflix^fr"
_d+
o =afrl"l
-d+ Ealrlol
?l7l= El=oil .ga+. - 4t Erl A rgg 0+ 4VFrh-y3l T rtu.
- ?.171= 1990LJrH+El ll4rqfla|+. @ +fEjlAA+E€.\--'".
o) 6t+ Efl.nt!
=+dl
,-.J+ EZlrl= rlgF-sr +4el
r.]of olTl olrl
- i++H^at\ftEaffiEtl"
^l=J=01 =7lr
?laLl+. 9 Ef tkru F! tr+ El c^H'tF.tfl;r.tuI FtEFt h "
U

@ oJTl ?l= Eafrlol g-BFal3'_+adl.rl. @ tVln# WT il,E ],€,t* Et) Ztf. iqA^H.ft ffi Xffi "
@ ,r15x53 -atElE E= 7j eloil= gtrl.
- =alEtoil Ll8 =tr171-
a=E a-dalz cGl --JLlrf.
- wi\a Mg 444-tr+ Et E frwtu1 rhffi "
^l8rE3 **{ilt, lFHtEl
EtqTl c46!al
ffiffi|h, tWM#,
r lilTl oo-,
DlTl-xl-rl
-ovt-l

I The popularity of the Korean drama is recent.

+ The popularity of the Korean drama started from the
1990s.
€) The Korean drama is popular only in China.
+ l\,4any people with dilferent nationality enjoy the Korean
drama.
I The popular drama is powerfully influential.
@ The audience is interested oniy in watching the drama itsell.
> The audiences also want to experience the things that
were in the drama.

filming sile, audience, influential, powerful

2il I'J "! 6l|€ 419

 21
, '+l=11 ,JTlTlA Tt[| rig aopt -dLltt.
-
8=l+tr, E+, €8, ?tE#, r16fEltrl, 0||= rq
^l+,

22
o i?Ll g/l Etrt.
=.eE ^lal=
ts_e.E /.l+01
- ++L[
gg^ldlEJLltrl.
@ 4'J= 916|] 6+E 7lrlot -dtrl.
=
@ 38, 'JHH
=e oJ€Etzl dd +1171 g,trt.
+ EE-=,€ - =JHH f;$ ZAoll BaE +a ?ftr#rtE +EFt
rl ga|-lEl. =
@ LtolTl ,l= -JE:d golq.
+ =E ^l'+01 ^l6tEl=
LfolTl 11615.l= ,le =JE6l^lU 0l
=E ^lalot =E =C
843 ohLJLlEt.
/.lalE grt, LlolTl trzl7f s.rl
=rl,

420 | cnapter 3 CH "l all€

 123 - 241
4+ € E, Lf= E tH+€o1 ElGl €all= !f$ee dl+dl.+= !|Lt|I ?,lfltf. 0l^.1 E7l=rE +i 7l=
^lq11q=?.[^ltrJ
eql= flrllll Dl€01 +g g8l +ioll E=l.-||^l THn];- q)VP E +AdEiTf rU gJolqal+. .l.Ei+E
el gal rfl-atzts Ll+=Htl. ^lZEtl ,J? ,J= zl+ ==
'Jcl^J qqTi OlrloJ^l gf +7f flflrl. -JEJ6|],\I Gltr eJrf 7/trf =drf.
llaJ=ollzl z= El=rll g0l .5ol^l^l ?j?,t+. ralrfTf +^lal /l+ = =al ^lLl7f=
,J? z= eJrf ,Jrt dl.= ,tfaJ= gz=ilrl..
r =qHE
Lf= gzdf-r. E+l d.tl.. g=E ELI A5+r.5et0lgtf. ?al= E^loil ts5^l7l. 7lfitf.
^faJE ^l^lldl

23 : 4+t
0l+ gaJtrJ0ll tl?= "JHE rr|| --L 7lE= +0|.0t -sr-Llrl.
i lE+, HRI*, €ffi, HX, :d,W, tl^T=
E7l. oJtl,
=E^f, ^lq^lq6f+. =!!tl. ==
g0l ES0lIlrl Find the emotion that occurs when one meets an old lriend in
LJrt
a long time.

classmate, pupil, awkward, be excited, get lost, could

nol say a woro

24 O +t FJI + diftr l-d +'ff l+nr r.

O Ll-= g:+dl^lDlrl E)l=al )lnlAXLl. - ttatr)+Htr3+fift.
- 57 l=rl= @ iE+e++EffiEtnxf w, aFln^re..
^lq^lq-dfiLltf.
rU Z= "..!0'l -,ll'^.{rl. -t
O -+i= Eal-Erl7l @ xf +r+€ D)F-jE4'1+ *fr\.
-+jlql L+ fr\^Etfi
@ )l7l7l +EJ-4?l^l El^lE6l| a+.
7E,J? o[$01 lcc 'r €ilALI+.
- ft, Wt,L,'l€ rg HX rts'Eh-il frI "
- +jz @
@ +E6l fl Tl+= trJLf^l 0H7l= dlLal'+g= ' RtrlrJ I rL ZHfr 8."
- fl T.l+= 'JLJ zizl-rl"J ^ q fl+Lltl. =^l =:i{tl
gqtdltl,
nF'ffi, irttr, 'fE*tr-E
=ollr|Itf, +EJ^aJq-, +E6l BJLftl
^+,
O I became close with my classmates as soon as I started
scnool
+ I was feeling awkward with my classmates.
I I got lost while I was looking around the school
O I was unwillingly going to school as it was uncomfortable.
+Going to school is exciting and joyful.
@ | could not attend the class because I met an old Jriend
by chance.
+ it is only written about meeting the old friend.

admission into a school, wander, uncomfortable, meet

Dy cnance

2il €g "! 6l|€ 421

'€== olrEJ ql7l7l71l?1x99# LIEILH= "JolF+ =J a
oJ= =01=
94= L|l8E 10|.0F 6JLltrf.

7t|gl, qLJ
="J8,

26

'+l+l'= Eellll^l glr g"JdPll trJ--J= LIEILH=

"JolE+ gIE
E= 4=i{tl= LHE= Aopt -e}Lltt.

s= 4 6ltrt
=-'J.

27

'rlolErts oltr aql ++E HJZLI HJ6H=.J:dtlts sp 7l^ll

:stLltl.
flg-=.e olel ee ql8€ *olot
treol r+E-d g+ g0ll +^ldlth g0ll + illrl+
^lolEl,

28
r|]El'=:dzE ts +0ll^lE trl?'r -dzl5 qEE21g
=E
7Ei Erl gaJq. rll^18 T?l= ?il? q.q
E ^l=
^l
rl|El-= col 7F+r.
rlq EzLl ( =oll ^l=

dHle^l EI|EIE'J7l 9.|61| olE g- :g^l

*0t0F:dt-ltl.

0H6|.. -dzE, 0|l^13 +9.1, .l=, Hl8, E, EJ, qEalq,

gtrl, 7l+rt
^l=

422 | cnapter 3 I'J "l ol|€

29 E hH' I^t3&-f+'rx-Eifr , tr rtl4+ ft #z<LV,EYW F
.^Ealla= -drH?]ellzalE^lal ( ) a0lrf. .l.=all47l il1trH"
Cdl.E U^llollE60l 87l7iLl+=rJol rllEoll Za
=71 ffis, tr)E, ry&+T4,\, /ESltHE, E@, re1,
9lE-g + 9,ltf. -:tall,! ,t =311,t9 6|]468 a0l 69-d
= ry--,. H,{
rll 0lrl3 El=q7l0ll 6|]E zlflol 0lLlrl. -^Eall
=aJ+z
4ol €^ll= EtrJdl 4.q6|],,\l sltrldlTlHrf +E6l.E trgf
6Htr + 9lrl. 0lri3 E+61 ETl6Hslal= Tirl= +=rf.
relr += ,Jll LH"J7l= HJ=6.lrl_HE E?j
=0lrl,(lr
d= L4 + 9ltl. dl^ltrJ 0lal HJHoI Edl.^l PJ= €tr+ There is a saying, 'like a tag', one has to find something that
shows this is to everyone.
d4-sf AfgolalE E=7lol _Etg HJTI= E-drf.
'ltalEileJ'0lef= "JOl ?io
o + EFTI ral-sr= LIEf L|1= 1= tag, pain, depend on self, thoroughly comprehend,
*ofot -st;-;tl. evade, breathe in, breathe out, rip away

IalE E€, E F=q7 | E"J6 l trl.e.loltl, alnl6ltl,

+= += =al+,
LHHJrl, rrlll|]rf
=0lrl^lrl.,

30 i g++t*ittfiE- E+in"F!fR& fi! jE H"

4r.3 H|aTIEl=, l=lr ral E3rf 4'f:-J0l q+alT.!
0l=3 Glnl EE HJdlrf. -J4+Dltl "J=== 7l|d 9t= i tt5., ffiH, EtE, P++lrL, FnhxHwfi, €+{t,
4F.f+TMfr
raJ0l flflrJalE trJolrl. +7|.fl^il+El e|1 0l=rzl Eoll
+?,t=^l= tr=4lrltrJ ( ) El.=0ll .g)l7l
^l+€,s= oJEl'-J!0ll^l 4== =71
EqEcl +ofg EJ30l
^l^l=drl. -.J {lq =r
I = + ?lr;ll|-Fr Llol ^l=-d +trJ=
=01g=8E
^lT.! You need to tind a positive reason expression that infuse life
el Eal g0l rlHJ^f7l Elflrl. into a village.
^ll+=
rl-=oll 871= Eq.=e 3€4 0l+ E-d= +010F -EFLlrf.
scenery, silence, wall, come to life, the work became

Ee. 4E-Br. .J4+. g7l7l.=r1., g0l rfHJ^f7l Elrl, frequent, has a personality, make to a stop
Hl-7199 E.fl
/tt o olrl
ru/\l a"t, ==Ee
l.llorl-

3'l 4++tf r'€EU+Ttthfr\tffi n"'t{+9*?'fr\Hxtul-nth\"

EF +ulu f ,J#E EL ?ltl. 0lal eEoll^H^lE CEdt
A+iHfr, FA, +fttutr8, Hn
Glderl -FJol E=
= ^FJE glrl.
+01-= +
=cl^l
HJdl._r.
^H^l
tr/tol ^l-JE =6l.Zl
gtrl= trzzf
^H^13
( )+El= 3zrl.. ga^H+El "^tzlrl-77lel.Hl+-d =el ql+
+El g=, ++, HlEl -_r3loJ ?J? 7ll0ll)l^l
5+7[ rll+ tlg6'ttl.
- =+ Find something that is related to 'unlike the prejudice that it
is tasteless' and 'there are various kinds.'
'"^t0l
fi.tl= Ea4 '6o+7|- r[|+ tloJ6ltf.'al= +E4 nJZl
=al',
?t= ?t= +0l.0t -Er-Llrl. meat consumption, vegetarian diet, stimulate appetite,
common
EF +u1, iH^.], +tr1= 37ltl,
=dltf

2il €g "f dl|€ 423

32 @hJ + 9< Afri fr +1fi,811 IWL Eifrft "
/*^EifB.Tt E fr + F. n H * fi!.
a€qgol qgel eE||e rB= Etol7lr. ?ltf. -
^H-+3 @ 2: EifeTt9.iEi$$+^ tr A{L * 4&.
$^l^lq AHl^f7lBE6l.r qE-'J rJZl= 7f^l= E€+ EirtTtT+f
qqlll Ll3 zll'Joe lr-.J qgolefr.E EaJ+. +rJ^Jg - /z:\
AX A{1"
I H Ee E
@ fi U )rF)ft tuI Ff,KIFUJtffitul 4# &trtF.E.
3 a|]nlrl+=dl d€f6l-r. 9l^l'J olslE t|i+E-3 "J+
cc+el rE4 7190il rt|Eql qg^lOll= E3 - E *MXP\ILE WFXK, IEE'rrh\G:lL+FtA)'.
*[AH,IfUffi.
ol El^l +611 91q.. olal=0l7pl
E= 6H=dl7l 'LFU
@ /* tr.rfs.TtT lxh E e, fih#,Ffi itr ifril
+16l|
=71= F'! ft t€l14b"
q:dol olLlel qe^lE +"J, +r3 E0llE -E.EJoI Elr^f
gdq=dol ql= qg 60ll eJeeg= /a\EifrTr. +P#, lHffiA, fi4trArlt, f+18{1, frEtr
^l4rEl*.rl. =q
g o 7 | ?J=rlz Ll -.J^ ?10 | 9g6 l-=
| I
Ll +Hf g4 |

^ ^1.J0
ol$dl.= ?i 50ltf. O Business trip for a fair trade is a fair travel.
= Fair travel has been originated from fair trade.
e a€+qE 916l] 71.=
-
=3ol +zllEl?aLlq..
=8qgoltl.. O Fair travel can be done through the multinational company.
- td+qqt^l
B€q="J3 + Fair travel does not cooperate with the multinational
€) EEqge tt*Il 7lg= E6H^1 -ct + 9ltl..
tourism company.
- 35q$g ++4 rJrJ 7lg= olEdf^l Lr+Lltl. @ Through the growth in tourism industry, the economy of the
@ rJaJtgel d6ree alB^lel axll E-d gd6l..r. 9trl..
tour attraction sites are also developing.
- rJaJ^tg0l ddrH-= g+ 7lg0l 0lq= Ze) + ?tALl+.
-- Although the tourism industry develops, cedain companies
@ 8€q-"Je Lf= E= L|lTi q:d-d 9l-d ?i017lE 6ftl.
== take most of the orofits.
Fair travel is for my self, but also for the place that I traveled.
8€qg, 8t^|., tE4 7lg, +HJg^, @
trlrf
HEHnI +lel
.!Evl
^Hl^f,
fair travel, producer, consumer, multinational company,
accommodation, be a help

33 o,ffH qrfFi *n6,2fttu18 H\+ftt h] ltr.

-^rfEEol E9JE +l6H ?l^l /.l^fl= E"J6|q=
- gI[Hi \nKrhtu\tr H?+ilt E&&)T E"
4tH
=i|1 9 4rHEn tr b H h 8rt6 H fr\ I lf-nrln"
E+7lg'J6Fll T.!g @ 4riHi^ff 6 2n\+ F.+ NHAE A?,+ilI "
zl^la ?q^l 7HE= =oltt. =^H=tll^fs-:g + ?ltt. =d
^laJlltlr?-d
f
=
ol trJaldlr
^lE6l.=
+E7l HUleq +EEtl €ej6l.-z oJEdl.
^l€ - [rHi^ 87.1i"W T E A2+ tnT tl W6+fivH f 6
U

^lal 4F14.
7l rr|]=oll rl=?l^lEtl tl ?+-d EoJ.r.;reJo+ grlt'
@ AIMi,*nA IP 4
-n[
h V?'H 2\i^ \E 4 thT E "
oJ^l olLlal
_r. ?lrl. "Joe
=i|] ^l4'J3 ^trtEE+trJ
gEE ,i - ^H
fr.Iffii),\E4,4vt+E2xi^ E6 v4]tlTE +fr\i+h"
Te +]E7l.E
==^l€0lLldrl+!7.|efl, =i0llE
0lrl. Arffii 1.y,44., E*, L+&}fr, HTffi+,'Hffi+,
iFEI
o ErI] ?.1^.1 /.l/.=J= lft-d /.rlEEol LfsJtrl.
- =ill "J^l ll/..J= lf8--J 4!lE== 7l]g =gLltrl. OA smartphone with an iris recognition system came out.
e +g6f7loll n*= +li1l +9l0ltl..
^|eJ==
=iH=?.1^.1 /.l^'Je 4rfEEoll'J 4E=J ql€oltl. - A smartphone with an iris recognition system is in
O e^t|
qal 80F0il llE= ql development.
- "J^l
=iH
^!lEE elqlE
^l/.'J3 @ lris is a suitable human body part to be distinguished.
Ilolt
oH*t"t.lrl-
@ ?]^l ]\l/'EJHtf ++-d +E0l gJtl. @ lris recognition system is going to be applied only on
^l^EJe ^l=oJ^.I
=^t|
- "J^l i.l^.Jg E7|€ Er +
smartphones.
=iH
ot^t
uH"t*t.
trl- ^lE?]^.I ^|4EJ.Etf =e lris recognition system is going to be used in many other
lields other than smartphones.
tl87lE, @ lris recognition system still lacks in quality compared to
"J^l Al^=J, s?J, E^fAtZaH,
=i|]
,\tr#il-rL ==^l€, iinger verification system.
- =vt"l
-- lris recognition system is getting a better feedback than
finger verification system.

iris recognition system, security, public establishment,

electronic commerce, credit card, distinguish

424 chapter 3 5g "; 6H€

 34 @ etr +r r€.EdMt+tr{zflt,t * Ft.

=E
g-r' e--Jg -* #-= ?t= ol^4 oleHfolETi - ZE +r rF-trtrtF&i{ffi r6ffi U X fr!
"
4rJEz =E-sr
?r1.. zr+oJ+=0il^l= z^l q-gE "J= ofeHl @ +rr&,+&\18trn"
olE= +61-= eqdE E ql€olrl. E_te+ 7j^E cgElE
'J+=elBErf il^l.oll +oJ=_e.-e =JE6l.zl EJrf. -E oJEl - *ffi1+4 Htr:tu128.
LJ!
+trllolrl= Il|^l?tzl +eldl= oleHfolEE 9lrl. Hlr. @ €IHEF+]rIFH+#.
4 -J --J= g0lr. -=F + flq^J
.pJ+r - €]s E F ftl +r rE?,PilEft
- t3 "
-flftl. 0[=Hi0lEE=7lE^l
+^] g$ql ,J+ ^Ifl^l.7f
utl-Br.ol =J + ?t7l
n|]Eoll 0l^q 0|-=E|-0lEol 3gEe E^lr1 tsotE zio+ +.+flJtuI+h, ++itH!+rr, +ttrR,faff, z-t, 84R,
-floJrf. fr,+4. An+q
e zlrJ ofEHfolE= d^1e g=rl. i e me part-time job of a beggar is chosen after a application
)1^l0l=El0lE!. ^l+ gtrlN= : prOCeSS.
- E7l Eo-l]ll g+Llrl
I ofeulol=s Za;g_e oJ€ "J= + ?trf. i - The beggar position is chosen through audition.
@ Er+"J+= oleHfolE= 6l.alE TlMf Z^lqoF zfri. I @ part-time job can be considered as a work experience.
Tjl\f ZIlrJaJ E7l= g 6HoF EFL|rl.
-oJElLJl j @ To work at the Korean folk village, one must be a real
@ nJel ofeHlolE= Ll+ zEJ golrl. r Oeggar.
=trJlolrl
- oJElLJ]
=njlol^l
+al oleHfolE= Hli4 .J -d= g"JLlrf. i - One has act like a real beggar.
j @ Internet websjte manager is a tough job.
e-d, ol^q oleHlolE, --J+?]+=, +^1, i - Internet website manager is a lairly a less intense job.
=E-Lr ^|I^1,
33E, 3+
^t-st
special experience, different part_time job, Korban
folk village, wit, finding for a job, competition rate.
work experience

35 Affi f +* +tr'ti tr dl+$,l. &^ fr\ Ht ffi ElFffi 4, .

3Dga0lair Eal= ^ftI
^l=rf^l= flgdlr rlaJr fl=
rl|U0il trFol gee 3D1i\L, E-"hklft&, HdAEf, Wfr-y/, E1-fr,
"J3 "-Its 3+7l.Ll?trf.
raJql -lil\|N,,
^FJ
3Dg=:01 Ol|-lal-E a*tk,+,. +F.tU. En
= €^l= -drl.
qJE4?] qlE r.a_Ee ^EelTpl
_?.=4= =alrf_r.
*13
+71?irf. 5-+o1
=
"JEoil ttf=E E:.J_+zld+El= oiol{-r.
^l€o_+eJE
s-
E€ tsq 2020LJ0ll= +?]61.-g zlE_rolalr -Lfrl.. E
alE +C6H^lr ##= 21"; B,ol^l,Jl^lDJ ?.!1f= +rHJ
The writing is about the concern on the decrease of the numan
E LJ+ ArE6l^l
",:=)tl? Tlzl0ll "J
^faJol ^fal^JHlalE work force due to the robotic technological development.
al^FJol € rlelTf fiq^lzl q= Ae olu^ls=4!rl.
-"F Tl€el "JBe.i.l-Je] q-=tol=olE= a= 4€dl= sticky f loor, automation equipment, highway, tollgate,
="Jr-lrf. toli, distribution rate, become man_less, desolate. be
3D95, \.lEaVpL z+_Ee, e=4, EiB-+, -H.=E,
downhill
+?.]Efo-ltf, 4T;1c1, +gdH^lrl

2il E.J "! .-ll€ 425

36 i rxmx+ir,h!ZK1fiH^,1'18ffi6, E TtttrE trJ.
/.iaJ=3 Gl,E 4401 -PJOI EJal:^l= Er? ?]= 449 d+
617lE 6fr., -FJP €016l.=
i E+/\,t'4, EUqff'firA, H6, EHEd
^ldoILlEg8=:'J7lI
ET|E -drl. 017i3 rl+"1+fl /.FJ-
^l=Jo| qaf
^t"J4o+
6la1= C el7 I 4t$dl7 | ttHEO tl. raJql I
^lLf^lZl ==C
aloll Tlnt +Ag g6l=rl, T.!nl'Lf=
^l+^lE qolqg ^l717l
E€fl
oltg +tr ?lt[. EE6l.= i The writing is mentioning that one should look afier one's sell
^PJoJ^l7l=413 dFJ ^l.Elo1l
?io.alE aE E+r rl+.!E EofE "Je i not to be swept by the mob psychology.
^l
7f 91tr1.
i mob psychology, rapidly changing society, be swept,
E€al^l gE= E AftrlHtoF -'Jtl=
==Caloll ^f+l= =gLltl. i look back on one's self

U€4+,
==dzl, =861.= ^[al, ^1.^]= =0fEtl

37 i 8€X+4ffi E,,\H'lHifi FF t€ln'f44{-4*.Htu1x+ "

tal dE|| l+-+ol

E= gE= 0l+ gal|
"!01
^lE ="J H*-, fr tl*, tu1&18T6, ryffiWil tfuffirL*, fnE.,
E+E1 -.J+Eg Ar +oil 'J+01 d= 5]= FAFiTR. IFH
qlLl r== trJE= rllfE =clelgtflrl.
EJtr.Oil^l g=El=
^l.BElflcl. ?lr
?4 el C 0 | E.-4+eJ, E6eJsl, trl-+.6t|401 1 E riT |. -df

E, +g6H^l zeql r|l9 olE+. d=011=

EF-d
=+lErf
a|-8E, el+ E rlSr-ef rllEol THgElol^l tf^ Hltl
dtH. The writing is about the uses ol red clay in Korean life.
7l?lo1lE Ze= ++6|-= gr. ?ltl.
^Hl^lEol ^FJ= red clay, far-infrared radiation, blood circulation, pain
-.J+oJ"l gg +Oll,tl EJtr7f cl._s4l 4q eJ=rloll rH-d
=g|-lrl.. relief, relief of fatigue, antibacterial, deodorizing effect,
be released
=Jtr, fl4fld, E=eJa|-, tr1e.6H1l, -dE,
El-*l=f,|- Hl=trlrf=.-4+El,
oa.!l-l
=Tlr-1.

38 UEX f{ZTfr&ffi ft'E H A-1ktlFtrF'ix?.

e.= +4 g+0ll 0l0l=01 q ";01 tl ^f+ Ll3tl. ++tilI+2, ffifrktt+^$J, ift tft.nt.it, +E *Eh
=q
ofrul.el ololTl qC= qLf^l +ul-=. 9al6||^l q= .FH.
^lE ELJffi. &'HLbtfrillffiffi' Wm4j:t+
-"4, gE|. gtol oluulel trJ
E0l xlLH= 0l= E:oJol 0l0F7l
0ll,/.ldEol e=i, 9ltl. r#raJ0il q+
^l"JdlzlTd-d
-.J 8u+al7l=sl +"J9.= -?+3 e6la1
^la^Eoilll
UdolZlgoEqt+. IE.-d !.+dl= ofuuiol E+oll^l ?l
eq.rJE= g=rf. ,JETIrHElal= F Elal EDI= E+ The writing is about the reason of the popularity behind the
Lr3 olal HJ+=3 /tlrHoll rE_f.aJolal
broadcasting of children.
Earf^l
^l=t
9l+. gr =^latal
= unworkmanlike, detailed organization, low birthrate
0f0l=01 Lfg'= HJA9I oJTl goJoll LH-.J
=oJLltl. era, childbirth support program, byname, austere figure,

E-+laJ, rise ol the TV rating

+ll|, ^l"J-d +d,
,t.lE ,t'ltH,
EA, +"J9.= E+,
^l=t e=+ =tAfal
^l8Eol

426 Chapter 3 5'J "; 6l|A

39 EF:'xf +-4nIxF' -xr+, 4++tBftr E EH NI.t gI-nF^ "
?37p1dttl= rfl= rl=01
=zl =01=rl. o )
( raJql
A= E 7l^l ll=g e6lal E37l0ll 0t|=01
+€01 9ltl. (C)) 237]|71E^1lElE E+3^4 eJ.\+,=7f-dtl=
ElLl,\
4E, trJrHaJol EolLJ+= Aolrf. ( e ) 0lzJ
^+ql 9== ae SzStlel €Ef6l g^16l= ^ll=
rj]=O1 2lE
=ol
Ol|-lr aJ,\ElolL|- DlLl,\zE= Rg= r+== aolalr
-drf. ( @ ) Concentrate on 'about - it is only -' and find the area where
the front and the last content changes.
'0l0ll tH6H -g E0lafr -d+.'el= +E0ll-6H^l gFl LHEoI
+E= +oloF -stLlrl. expense, recession, common saying, market decline,
=af^l=
increase in sales, follow the trend
E?pl, +tr, ,pl7l EillElrf, rl]=o1 9=rl,
^l=, ttl=tf
+g=

40 trff,ftlj T fE+* El i-']',f E

F'! E', e Dr. € EtF F,! x F (A E *
*n
fi N T F! 1{ d EI D) h\ EA Ift, E 3rl E tr fi +F ]q) rtE 4, A kI fri E
'"! oJBIE0l Ll+ E+7lLl^lLf^l/l ,FJol.0P-loll
EdH'aJ
t)

F.mn-atx
E 'l^lal E+3 AtEHTf +^lEl= -dAt= 7l.alZtl. ( e ) "

^]83 "Jrl'*3 +=afrlF6H 584?l d8= df^l=61. i5-4, ,\TFR9E, &t:811i-"h+tJ, IAHR, ffilE], HArl,
r Ot:.Jd E.=3 qol 6lxl=6H
4= EEHAPI -ilalEJtl.^F-JOlLlEl7l= ^llrl|e +iifrL
( O ) "! E6Hol g-dlee,[l TlAt
tHE4oJ ?i0l gdlEol E+0|-^1 E0l E0l^l .pJZl El= -dAt
Oltl. ( o ) SE|IE "J6F=g E?Jo_+ +ts THol Erl
^fE Through the (Example)'s conjunctive adverb, 'however' shows
3dl+7|- EEolZl EoJtl. ( @ ) the earlier content (in the natural state of night sky, one can
(H7l)"1 tr+ +^f '6l.rlu'= E6|I g E8"l LH8(^IE AE|IgI clearly see the galaxy) and the content of (Example) is
opposite to each other.
'Jdl=ollE E4 e6f+7|-EB6tzl _HoJ+)rl (.E71) E€lol LH

301 afHJEJ ag= g + ?,l#Llrf.

pollution, artificial lighting, nocturnal animal, naked
eye, galaxy, ecosystem, disturbed
36l|, "J"-48, ot:d€ EE, 3?l, 361+, gEHZl, ralEltrf

41 4+tf|5'€H EIJI' kIJlH'H X g1-nt h.

:s'al+-"1
+^l= deEl-r. ?]tl-. ( e )
gal t^lE=E ^fEol
^l80ll € gaiT.l gtrl-= W^, ft,*Rtfti)Eif, &KtrAfr. 6t)frW"."r, +E
+^l=E S7l= rll 7lo-q
^Jl
F^ldl:l.91tf. ( e ) -.J+oll^l= +^l=0l0FtrJe tr+
=
rHz4o+ E-drl. ( @ ) g-J 20Ll LJzl A|7l EE
=:.J6lE
0l 7E-Lfrllrf -d= +q= d=dl.7l rrj1=olrf. ( e) )
ttflEoll+q et- ?l6H^l= HJE^IEE^ll\rHl A^
^l=0lf7l Find the area that is relevant to the opening of an 'exclusive
TlESElcloFdlqtr dE+Atel
7flaJe U7l€ 4^l0lrl. theater'.
'l8=8'el T|]aJr|- zJzl?t= +E= aopF -srLlrf.
capital, film producer, invest a fortune, make a profit,
box-off ice
Bal 7lo-4= F^l6frl, +e]= et=6lrl,
^fE,
_a5Hil-rf ^llAt^l,
o ovt-l

2il 3'J "! 6H€ 427

 142- 431
'JEol Eot$rl. -et + g0l.^lLlzrl. 'JEel dl= gEOl ^l717l Tlrl|dftrJ Hlel4= Bt|^15]=
=01 ^lLl7E =6|-fl+.
8+ ol|-lE! 4=E flg.tf. ol|_ltl, tl=tlE tl= EE ?ltl. 'Je EEol= o[!r1; ao; 'JEe E4ol
rt= 101
^FJHrf €ug.ol ++ 44= HT|E 6lr !E= 'J^liE= +13
trgJ E= +rf. falE,/.lE clrl?]^l E+dl doll
=olrlLJrl. =E
71_E 6l*.rf. '^lal= aol at"J +^f HJ"Jo|= ".!-= a?]7|- Etl' olLH= -^,\tr 0l=lzl 6H4-dtl.
^ ,Jg -.J+= +l= agolfl+. r4r
rE Fq 'JEel 6l= g3 -d -egolflrl. -d 7f^l rl -.J ag q4e
++ = ^lLlrJrf. gE= trl^l g9trf.
?t=
= E3 LlLJol +01 Llztf.
'++=col
4Eol 9l=r?'=01
olLH= nlzl^1"=c= 6lzl Elflrl. 6lr.= r qfl a= H=of4-L ?A7l^lE 0l|= *.r1. E + ?l= 4e r9 g
HJrt 7l^l= E7il alq:E _r.g e3 a_E trJ=flrf. ral _EaJE S.0l .JEg =
g9t0l s.rl6lq ra= E q^E gr?tg.rl.
'"tu
L.!tf.
rE H ?.!^11 + ?+r E0ll Eq fltf. e"-!dlE dE "JH-l= .E'geE slLJtl, sfutf "-lfl+.
=01 ^lllrJrf. =g= =

42 ++Ah EAi: 1 H 4f /z,r\'4, Ffi D)!fi'#'EF,E f )=

Htrol ?+ 4E0l ?tolHq^l 0fL||E rlal^l 6pll Elflo -E+E,['. Bk, ++E+E,r]'{^.
^\+
=CE
"E'j€ol= uf=iELlLl. w+*,. fRlF_, ry.-trF-,, i9€En, +E,U', fril,u',E, iHE

Egol, HJ^[|E=, -d+= +ltl., "J'iol gttl., The mind is anxious. as the man looked concerned that the
2)71^le oH= tf. qfl+ =!6ftl, wife became anxious too.
^
make money, all night, sigh, have no appetite, worry,
go through trouble in diverse ways, become lean

43 o ++,ff{^B+!J+E,L'"
e o1q1;'JrJoll4l 2-EZ nllLl. - t*mffi*FE- I l+MEf '1V3, 1i!'{F=++E,t'{*"
g=rlot9lcl 7f= OlLH7l 4dE trth, t^.ft+TB3u+E,yi"
-.JEel =d 9t=LJtrol =oil @ )<+h'+-&F{l'Hltr/L+ FffiE+frft.-NT
a[ glors 0fLHollzl 4€= zl^l= ,loJLlrf. "
@
e ++= -ollol^l 9lrl.7l H d rf,l.l DJLJrf. trtr5' iAi*+ Flllfi ttfr ill*F+ trl D)ffi RA^ j+ +
O'Jtr3 sa1 -'J = E= E fltf. -
7 IF.h"'fE Etrtr'trffi l{HxEtl+g<','rilTl t l?l l
-'E+ =FE
^l=Jolr
0fLl--J ,\leJ'rl H116l,= +Eotl,tl .Jtr= E+= eat|
f

4 fi , €^Xff.x.'-n[+ Ff UffitHt^iq€ qqA.

-sf + flaLlrf. 6l.rlDJ'EalGI dsf E=
++--J
@ Bh++k1+Z/tF"t+, F,f U{^BffiX+T"
^laJg= q
+r1., oJ^ll doll Eq glrl. af= +Eoll
=g=
.]'.:Z
=
Htr9 +g0l 9.3= E+-=f + ?l+Lltf.
-ttf-XFZt++Tl+"
^l
@ Ofl|lol +/,ll7l trF q3 'JE= Ll.Jol g0l fitf.
=0l.,\l
-.JEel E0l Ll=o1 0F9lcl 7l^1 0fLH7l€dA 'JAFE ^fe"t "hTa, tr*is, 3!J4l+f, +E,L'

'JEol g Erl Lr?,tGLlrf.

=rll O The wife has caused anxiety to the husband.
+ As the husband's face and the body is becoming lean,
"Jtfl=, E+61 43E zlxlcf the wife is worrying about her husband, the husband
='-!618, =0ltlLltl,
is causing the wife to be anxious.
@ The couple was parted and met back few months ago.
@ The man has studied long and earns a lot of money.
- From the part said, 'not like a person who did not study'
one can analogize the husband has studied long.
However, lrom the part where the wife mentions 'rather
using the family money', and 'now cease going out and
stay home all day' one can analogize the husband has
no Income.
@ The husband galned some weight as the wife was a great
cooK.
>Although the wife had sincerely prepared the table, the
husband didn't eat well and became lean daily.

easily, always say, bustle around, cause worry

428 Chaprer 3 dg "! 6fl€

 44
1$|e8 440J HIE?9!E
^7ll:et =g|-l+.
Tl|jl-$lzl:, ++t, d"J, gd 7t+1 H.E. xt+I,
E{tEt+,
+8.-ltr[

45
dlil s+4lef HlEi?lE SE4 rtol€E 4olot -$Llq.

lealq, erlFl, +Cfrt, FrE= qHdlq

2Ef €Ef ."1 ,ael eq

146- 471 qaf
rHg E=:+rf. EE oJ +a + 1r1l "J61ts ae E^l EE 7lq-of^l +6|.= ag +oltl. ( O ) E+^l.Oll
^laJg d1^loJ r11g += E 7'6.L1l1o/" €EHJoll 7lq6|.^lE-d+l. -.Jtt. ( C )E=
qol4al^l Lr-e.E -d!"|-"1+Eol
^f0l7i9l7l=
olalgl^lll gee + fl71 nHEolrl.. ( o ) Eal +/l0ll^l= t+= Tlqq E-L 9ltl. E'J gqu gol|-l^|]E
^l]8o-e
H|]E a= g€t +Ee r|1g6l.= aol Hfe. Eolrl.. olttH tloil^l= olEl 7lq-d €Eel.ge.e TlqsHLPJ
=aJ= EH= +4t?1tr
T,{olLl. ^|]-ee
E=-dtl. ( @ ) r=:Zl 6t|,|l f. €E7i clt'J €E?]^l= tH46||Lf7l=
=+e]

ffi g + +txf E tewry E fr Mfr+ft fr1 *$ h

46 "

E= qqqal= 0l?= €E-d +ElE 10f0t -stLltl.

Efrn#, +trr, ),1+L*1F+, F€ttt, ffi+
E+^1, -qtZl, 7lq"l 48, +Atfle, 'J'Ja|r1
Find the area that explains the reason of forgetting one's dream.

researcher, academia, play of a memory, randomly,

simple

47 o + HHzttI+E "
o D|lg E= +r.."+ 7lq-drl. -^4lt€,R#r'-dfi\ry
E *€xA[ ft4ffiY IEF-j.4 F-IEU'Af,ieZ" l+ "
^f=J=3 23+)l LH+EoJLltf. ffifd r€+* FI{H,E TA?&FiE
- rfloJ ilfi +Il"J zlgol-rl ol6lrl
^6l= gl=tl.
@ EMry tuI "
D)ft llATid
Q) E= += 5"J E=5J 5E= -&ft\ryWlFfr lg}€l*f, !'H,H.+W'r'""lFfr 'f

- E€ T= EoJ E=EJ €H= q-olxlo+ +al7l.E€ 7lq 1+4&tfi1ry"

6f^l E6l-= 1"J!rr. O $€+E€f-xflliE'fz F€ill{ rdFlF4FlsiE"
O ](e d-Jel 7lq= +Atfle rH+ flHl=ZI rlfloltf. @ Efr nry fr\ ).111 fl, AZie'tEFfi H F fr\ tc".
^H86|.=
trF r|]g +: Eel f/"= 7lq-d+.
o4
@ B= E+dl.=
^l=J=e -'e.+6frnPn4,,\1ll ElH rlfi[4i-{+,'fE €,\4l']trH
- E= E+6t= AFJ=Eltl olz0l tl=^ItrJ, /.f-J=3 EE *it4}.Ffilf'bfr\rc."
E ?+el E :f.k= 7lq-BfLltl.
goTltl, tllI6ltf
E4 €FTYRfrt, XfK
EaJ=
^t|gdftl-,
e Everyone dreams everyday and remembers everything.
+ Everyone dreams everyday, but usually it is rare to
rememoer.
@ During the dreaming process, people do not forget the
connected information.
+ During the dreaming process, people lorget the connectec
inlornration and this is the reason why we do nol rernember.
@ Dream is a process of randomly playing the past day in a fG
speeo.
@ Everyone who studies dream remember about 1olo of his/l're'
daily dream.
- Everyone who studies dream has a different opinion, bu:
most people remembers 17o of their dream.

play, make a confusion, compare

430 Chapter 3 €'J "; 6l|€

 [48-50]
qdg flal cl=€ gle.l e+-d flE+ 6 olr_lHr, ?]+7lalE6l.r ?t= Ed rl^Jl 6H==
^lLJ ^11710il =r.! ^lq qd=3
+lofl !r64oE =J96lrfr "J€gr ?1q.. trE rl ( ), el^f=8Oil Ar-q6|-= rll ije =eg F^ldl_r. 9]oq
r0ll ttl= 44gg ?lti. 7f+84 +^= I trtr ^lZ=
?t+. df^loJ 2ojzLl-c-j- IETPJo| gE-d dEE^l+
1547H+
^lr
qrloll^JE ^llZl4o+ ^lalrlr
dE 4^l-+=01 Edrlxl pJL gt== Eq=rf. oECDoil el6|] -tt=EJ 7lE "! dH
= c-Lr
= qd rEEol 20y.= ?=a 9t= trrl. rl Ll3 tr+= El=-gf +71.q q€ ?EE8 ^fal qr ^l+=
s07"0il
^lEol =7f9 =-sr=
-Hq=+.

48 rx EX Tffi ?* i,ts + + tht E4 Ffi ffi tuI* h *l tRE tuI x.+ "
qd EE 6H== $l-d salol -J96ltl=
=^Jl ="JLltf. 'WF&fiil R"hh, x\Kffift,'lSY++Fry, EIH4,
3al q+, flEal, 7t+6t4 +^, dBSrl+, rEE, ET, HE, IAH
i=t|., ^lE6l.trl,
+ndltrf
The writing is saying we need some effort to resolve the
women's equal right.

restore one's right, driving force, patriarchal structure,

gender equality index, accession rate, exceed, face,
constder

49 4++t5 4't$ trI H Xtu\EH "

Gdol .tlal4oe oJSHJ= ,tfl.rJzl?t= a= +0|-0t -sr|_lrl. ^4l+t+flJi
i+Attl*,'l45LJJ(-t,,it+*Ifi, %+, tHAZb,
Ets ri-
7lal, dE +H, 71.^f, ts+= /B\X
^fal ^l+, ^f6l ^l--J6ftl,
=€dltf Find something that is relevant to women's recognition in the
socrety.

social organization, gender measurement, social norm,

housework, test the sklll, responsible

tr/1
€EE tE= 916|| €^lE4?] E4 Eel fl"J= *{tu+Httrtr.
Ht6l
et= 7]-q EIH:L- ^l=al
Ol.4rlrL ^lal+H
= oTet4 aH_t_t.
+EE, IBP'I+EEIJ, trJTfr ,'ffr*,,IE,f,EAqE
4^|r dilts='J6ttL E€dlt.L Erapl +E==+6lct
For the gender equality, it is requesting for an urgent
investigation on the reason of laws and social norms.

gap, be sexually discriminated, commiserate, be angry,

call for an urgent investigation

2il €trJ "! 6l|€ 431

 I-l El- trl
otl
^

ge(1H-50H)
=71 01 02 03 o4 05 06 07 08 09 10
6) /6\ \1)
aa
\v/ @ @ \7 @
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
e) o lz) \t o \4 @ @ \v/ @
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

@ @ o\ @ \/t @ e) \l'

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
c @ c e \/t o tJ, l.{ l

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

@ ai a) e\ a @ V) @ V) @

o'l
IEF.Z^HzM+filtFfr,"
LJ^l : ol El^= gAE 6lE6l^l ?JAq+. rlalTl ^B4+,
tl
El^lE ?JEt|g.
^l=
^l^l i.fi+, iffiB, Z^JNi+
q^l : of, l=l=-9..
LJ^f : tlg Hl,\= 7l+al+ llg.
Through the words, 'this bus do not allow standing room. one
g4= can know that the woman is trying to get on the bus but can
'ol 4r'.= -:.136lrl gJ+Lltl.'elts "J= E6l| Grfzl ul"t
Elall dfLl El.^l E6f= AtEJg= g + llfiLltl. noI.
=
standing room, the seats are all occupied, do not allow
94. rfzlTl rf ^lrf, 6lE6l^l ?jrl.

o2 ?-illxt H fr\l.t, :' A E6 +trsA +, t€ l''l r8A fi 6!l[ S- ?'

q^l
,,rsaifr rll
'tr.-ft+/E4#K+ffi , H\lifi. :', ft.
: 0l
^4=
*r ?l=rll9, oltloll 9lLl9? r:! E,
"J
^EErkFfi
E ]xA l,q ?' A dA ifr trI D_I *wtr H frI ++ X F! +t f !] T +.
LJ^f : ^ll7l
g/.ltrJ 7l+a1+^119. q7l ?lljlg. 0l :4 "fLhg.?
q^i : tr+0|-9. €trJ '2Jll--stLltl.
+tfi, i€+ -T
q^Pl LJ^lollzl '01 cltloll gl|_lg?'al.r
^!= 4? 9l=r119, "Jbl.
Through the conversation of the woman saying to the man,
: rt= 347|-^lEolLl.E,IFJS= "J + ?tr LJ^1.71'q7l
'l am looking lor this book, do you know where it is?' one can
=6l| LJ^f7l q^Ulzl
9illlg, ol ^! trJLlg?'alz "J6|= a= ^!=
=6|I know they are talking at the bookstore or a library. One can
+ol dg6H+= 8gg= "J + 9lALl+.
also know that the rnan is handing the found book to the wonen
by saying 'here it is. ls this right?'
}t 44= Aq., d^l.J Tltlzl+^ll.e
looking for a book, wait a moment

432 Chapter 3 3'J "; 6l|€

o3 rsEit++tE. Eiifl. +8. EAF!++,,\1!sllqFiHfr
q^l : oJLj6l^lle. Z= 7[tf EE 4tr1 E=E= ezl oJ EHI-x-+"
.J + 9l=
€tr+ :d+?l=e.l 7]nl Etrzaq
rl.. 9=--d+oJol ztrl^HlaJql ^PJOl
46H golH?d+
€*tr, iHfrE, €4, ffiil|J, ]€-L, lF-E'ilr,t+^E
Llrl. I^l=zl0Jl qeE, =eE?lE i?.!'J EZ Ztrl
4Hlg31.eKsgLltl. 0l= ftg 4.8Ks, Dl+ 4.1Ks,
9E s.+rsql Hl6tE zlel trU +=gLltl. 6lrloJ
-.J+oJel 4tr1 AHlTlEtr +^llq^l 6"J
,J ?lel Lfal=ol =GlLl=
qalfr= It is talking about yearly coffee consumption per person in
#_= 91o31-t
5 44ol ?l+Llrl.^HleJ=
z+Cr + fl= f;e ztrl, flrjl Korea, Europe, USA, and Japan.
,l^l -d+oJ== +l+7 l. ++EJ Ll rl..
^leEtE^l specialty store, consumption, trend, assumption, catch
:d+, gEel
?=J, trl+, 1oJ.J ErJ ztrl^HlaJoll r|]d|] 0l0t7l6fr up, pay attention to the issue
ol4r lrL

dEtr, +^ll, +=, qaEr+, +l+7f +=Elri

^HlaJ,

o4 I kfr\Bh *9<l ffi41+fJ+trWfr1y.1+nn4R,Fffi , E tu\MU

LJ^l : EOl -Jgdld.Lf El9. g="!01 I EEin' -frftH+nn+H, 1frlttt+tl+\-T'.
'gjlllg.
q^l : e= gE trfg= z+E1oil =^l flol
IinJ o=^[ ^]96l]fl=rll | tr;c,, ffi91+ttJ+tLttrffi}.l+, i.Fi
rl-l
E^f
.
.
avt!.
^T,
; The woman is confused because she lost her file that is waiting
q^Pl.=^|l g= trlgE ?Jcl+la1 .J=J6|? ?l_ese'+ olETl0tl i for an authorization. Therefore, one should say 'it should be
?l= EllLl E +0lE^119.'al? 4g6l|0F -ctLltf. I somewhere, so look closely.'

g="f, trfg, _zdlLltf, eJddftl. i complexion, file that is waiting for an authorization,
=4 "J= i break down, completion

o5 !. fI +kTtJhy/,6 F! f R, H W rf.i^in' t Rf [ f u tF d F,i )rI

FfrET'"
'J^f : +l *e^l= z ?le^ll_?.?
q^l : ol^Jl EBdl q7lotl gal g-l-zf ?Ifl=tJl g.Llle.
ofol-^fae.4E aE.rl gal q= zl rl tR, &H, rtJrits, flffizKR, hf,Ffr, &d, WEfr\
"fg=
g+al q7W6l +0fsJErll.......
=0|-^l
E"t .
: The woman could not find the frozen mango, so one should
q^P[ gal trJr= * *L g1oo+ 'trJr= + LJgr_+ ga : say 'the mango is moved to another refrigerator.'
r l-l !-l-
Elr :rt^L
onvf +Lr t-l ^]
ELILI. ELlLr.
: mango, deliberately, to this place, tropical fruit,

Bfn, "J+al, q)vtl^|, 94 rlg, LJ8r., g7lll, g4+ : refrigerator, move, freeze

3il 5'J "! 6l|€ 433

o6
qrt: LHgol +e d8oJtll r.tEe-El €ilq?
.Jrl: - egl llq^l=
?
3q fl+=l ell ol61|-'J+ glE+ E9+
-H.Ll
+golata 6llll. ?
^loJ

q^l: =
.J^t7l +g='Jol "JbE glooe 'L[E -]- +g =94r
:l[=tll Efl.tl.' 7 1 7=rta
18 4E-d tHgg Ll E't.

#zJ dA, ol6H,:Jq 414^1, olH ctTl'

=efE ^l"J =E,
dZl ololldttrl

o7
qrl: LJrlTl 6aJ Al + ElTt E a elllg..
HII: ol{l "JTlq|llE ELI Hl= 9^l g=+r.6ltrJEll9.
f4^J g+al

qrf:
LJ^pt HlTt 3trtE ?tol fl= A= 4€dtr,oJoE+ qrlel
8EJe.e 7Et 4tr-d ri3'rllll ?tl F 7H7t ?lo.Ll g4E=11
9.'ELltrl.

gTlqlH, deE.9, E^1171 Eltl, golslal+

o8
'-Jrt: olll fl)le? rl + l= zqlg?
qrl : rlu fl Ellei+ 1^l

I ^lsloltrlLlsPl'dE I
'JIt
qrlTt rhdg q4Ll 8z{l^l0ll e} a^fel E^|e +Z= +r.
=
gles-+'reIE +Zol -J9=d=tll""" 718
'JIFEtLlLt.'7t
4tr:d Efl.JgLltt.

rlu fl, EEJ, EolTl^ltt

434 | cnapter 3 E'J "! atl€

o9
E '.1 doll Eol Llg^l gjlll. e|1 ral 7l^l?
0l."ftl! Ata|-#e. e== LHoF6l=t1l 37HC 9=
^l
sJHq. 7C t7g+El 6tr, Jafr, 6frt
${801
LHII=6H^J Eol =NE
=
Gzrfr =il=rll e=ol lTgol|-l?
E '.1 3 Bol Hlxit|_lrr+Ll Ll|Tl,\l€!0lldEt6l|Al "=-{np
olLloF. L|lT| -g/1.
The man said he would call city hall, but the woman said to
q^|E ,\l30ll del-dtl='J^lel "JollE?]01 -dtE -"^IeE+ 'll him that she would call them instead ol him, so the right answer

30il l6i= -drf7l €EJoJLlrf. is 'call city hall'.

water and sewage fee, reminder, city hall, be cut off,

861+E e=, i37ltl, -e=E LHtrl,

'JII|= EfoJoltf=+8, ^18, pay the fee, check the date

lo !,+IftEA2+TIL1g*J+HA:
fr\ ix,tr H r8 HE+irLHRH'k+ )L F.+rh
" E k, E +F
E /\l L|]g EtaJq= llal Ar€qql 7|.7lE =.^lGOl.. olEg4l
Tfot 6l^l?
q^l ISH+, tuffiW*;E, r€&+gF9lg, AjE
HJaJq ,\l+Elot? ral_r. Ela,J
71^l?
^l\tol = ^16|.tr
r--lTl-
E/\l Il+EloJrl rldlE Elr 7E
I= Elr 7l^f.
HHI-= Ell|_l "GI4a;q.
^16ftr ll+El
^l7l
q^f ralE Ll= E-+aJelTlH /.lAfoJ^l g.J The woman said she will check what time the exhibition opens
^El
EE9+ e^4dllE4. with her smartphone, 'she will switch on her smartphone ano
search about ihe exhibition.' is the answer.
q^f7f H-+aJelTt E /.l+El /.l4foJ^l .\rlEEoe Z^46HE+r
-?I o o -e' r'. ! l E E=
Z ll H_J=JEI Z 4! -drf .' 7 |- € -J"J Ll rl_. exhibition, subway map, get on the search engine,
=
searcn
HJaJq, LdE, z^qfllT1oil tr+dlrl, z^q6[rl
^l6lE

't1 4 ft! ii,4U g 4x iH ffi 'fln ffi + !X, Ffr D) ftfr, t ffi E #E :' t+ffii
,li[+H+r/T+r€ifr.'
E /.1 +"J{lEjoll^l tl= ++El E+-r. dllll.
=sl.rA=
97f aolE ?iGI.
L1l7l +trJ
qrl trl? a7lE E=r t olll 97f+fl0il 8==*q. trR+,t', xt|,i+H, Efr).R.ffi, i+I[, 4tYH

E'.1 97|-+flHrl= +"J{lEl EEfi€= rlLl= 1l E

N )lua #3=-= 4-^l .gJ=rt?
q^l r=r^l? gl+alts:-e.zf +E fl4alr.'+t!
iJlE'lE HlfloF7jlrf. == The woman said she will cancel the yoga institution, so ihe
most reasonable action is to call the yoga institution.

97|.+fl011 5== +|^-d+z:dese 0l0lE =d5eE 7f8f 4

tr-sf Ag 971 -stfl0ll |fl-e 7l= l"JLjtl. Community servlce Center, culture class, tuition,
register, cancel
+Eld!El, Eelz€, +ae, +l46ftl
==6ltf,

361 €'J "! 6l|€ 435

12 kffi,nE r+H+F *1H,H *[. tr r]h, tilt*E -xts'lfi fi -rh
diE*,H,e*[6€.
LITT
-.'l
fl^ll+EJ7f E^H= dfE 6e6|-1] Lfg=t]l 0l+7i
P)111o2
="l.4i +t1tifnffifrh. H,B*[, F&, +rEF
q^f EaJEI _trLl7f ++-d7f Hlg. q7l H^119.. '-tr11+

4'0lala Lfslllg.
E/.1 galTl=alE ,FJol :eILlHlg. ELI= r.^ll6lalE
ol. +^loll olotTl6HoF 6|.6?
q^f €lJ+oll olotTl6lE =J EJltll ej€^l ?JLll The woman said she has to go to the Intelligence department.
e nf l --r r40+ ,J gol oJoLl))t-dfl Tl l Eq
=ull-9..
!. qt-
Therefore, the next following action will be to request at the
Er.1l.o
t.4r Intelligence dePartment.
=.

q^l= €E+ +e.e a gol ?l+r =d-e.EE €E.+e 7f^l Ee-l

printer toner, intelligence department, exchange, prlnt
6l= 7lol 0loltr g5oe 7l6f gtr+ALl+.

EaJEI ELl, 5_H+, ?^1l6ltl,

=al6Ef

l3 ' gH I h' rE' rEdrx€ lfr EI X fr €4rt+& K +?H f! ifr ffi

ryn$jff"
qrl : HJ+ EoJ0ll= +"JE -qtj/ E/\1tr3 Olg--J
o +&K+GWH\R-4+F,"
,A Olrl-tr1 I-l? ^lq
.Jrf : 3, +zl d
T A"| 1,.| l

e+r.E E^I3J= g+-]L dllll.

-
H tulin :',fE E+-+F!fi++4W?.'
=^l 9 4!E+&K +fHHtlfr ffig hitr " I
E, CE6ol ?loloF 6t|. @ it tr E Rft iA,f-lrf fiF trJ X'fFffi K fi tH.
q^l : E"J-d 44ol .Pjof? Ll8 4€E -'J H BlolErl
^l|e -
RA?&ffi[PiFI E] Jfi tr H'!E REI X1EH +& K +tH.
I

lhl i*+& K +tH Ht+f fi .

6l=L11.
@'J D-lHf*
LJ^l : Lfe r43 olrl LJol gal'2Jtlaf. +
^||e
t! trrrl== ^laJ=O|
01.+ Lr?tof.
-
ffi fi8h17*
^J^AFlErt!,
ffr t))6FElEli*.

=+7f
'cJ, UE=ol 9lolot6H.'alts H^l.el "J= E6|I -+r E^lzJoll HhiE.4'iI', A,fr, #rtrtrR
=cl
7l.elE uE=ol flqot a= "J + ?l+Lltl..
e +r. E^lzJoll= Ef^l7l Li^l Etl.. From the man's words, 'but you must need an identification
LJ^|-7 t||tl I 0 l.+ .Pj?tcl.' zlr "J="^IA LI +. card' one can know that to enter the library identification card
- |-' d^ l=3
=+7 rs necessary.
@ -qr-t E^1+oll cE=01 9lolot -dtf.
=qTfalE O The school library does not have many magazines.
@ +.Je fl^ll=rl -4f, E^ltrJE olE:g + 9ltl..
^lqoJ-qf EoJoll.J +'J=ol -*r. E^ltrJ= olE-* + 916 - The rnan had answered. 'but there were many iypes of
- ^lq magazines.'
Llrl.
Lf3 44= Ele. ?.lol= + 9ttl. I To enter the school library, one needs an ldeniification
@ -qrL E^lgoll^l
^lle
ol!l -FJe ,|FJol ga17l.,\l 9]= + fl+Lltf. Card.
-,\l]B Lf8 ^4e
@ The local resident can use the library anytime.
uE=, 4€, d^1, +"J - The local resident can use the library only during the
^lq vacation.
@ One can read a newly released book direcily at.the library.

- One can not read the newly released book as it has

already been checked out by many people.

identification card, novel, magazine, local resident

436 Chapter 3 8'J "! 6H€

14 €E-3,H€ H**S:n*.tfr-4t"
@ 4Z++tr.u)tr.66trV**.
q^l : Af,(l F S,rl+El 5= rHaBqlll 4)l2J=Javl o^l=
ql€"JLltl. 0l :"J^lE
?]6lG nt|+ sl9g 3^l0ll 9l
' Blh++frD)tr6€&Z+"
@ iiLHA-LWHTx,;"
E galSge +l^Elflor-l 0l tr gf6|I6||+^l7l Hl
aJL]tf. ilEJtrl7l.Et +0ll= thTf 9!= ql - tiriLHHlF#FriBV**.
^loJelTlHFJLlrf. @ €lE€lE4EFIfrtFJ|'4.
d"Jl_lrl. +d ?t= _r.r_4.J=sl .Fj= aq @ lFhBVx*rt1-E^+4.FJ.
0l]+ eleg 3^l0ll gil A|g
:"J^l7l
9l6Lltrl. -6 6Ef n €E Vt* tr4 * rtTt ? Kfft ldl "

o ,rloJalzl ELJ Fl ,J.JEl7f ?trl.

- 7JEJePl EH Fl ,\l?.lel7l ?l+Lltf. tiLH, Blh+, 4Z+, i4, ix,'fr1
@ rHA3oil^l gsfE Ag-=f ?iolrf.
- tfirJ.Jgllll 471TJLJAI\ ?t= l"JLltl. Every Tuesday at 3pm, there is a movie screening eveni.
€) r|1+ gat= afg6t.= ?trt. O After the autograph event, there is a meeting.
^tzot +
@ 47t z'J6l= z^PJ EoJ TlgEJrf, After the meeting, there is an autograph event.
+ )JLJEVI gEl.E?J T.l:dEl=^l= "J + fi.+Lltl. @ The movie will be screening at the auditorium.
- There will be a meeting with the author at the auditorium.
r|]A3, Z.Jel, /.f?.lel, atg6lrf, gF6H6frl @ Every week, there is a movie screening time.
@ Meeting with the author progresses for 2 hours.
+ The length of the meeting is unknown.

audltorium, meeting, autograph event, screening,

understanding

l5 rcafrryirtwT r0+.
LJ^l : 0l llTlce
8 lF#]dflritrid,Jto4"
+=e /.lTlc 10LJ z &7*FHfi4ffiEt^trrffiH"
zHu =
^^l"Jllrf. @
EE 61.^l ?J!,tE 4t7l7f -- 7Jel E (F#fr&E
a0 laf4 clf; efrllzl ElH.Et]lq =E=
4t7P |- 10Ll 5?J
- tu12 ),.tulffifi AniJfit*J "
@ J8lLffJffi**Etr ths+E ffifr h )t .
4=€ qB +LlE^l 49 d^lElfl
^llzl
+Lltl. ^lT.!=01
+71-= 4+el loJ=E E+E
- ffiffi8),4)+fUT+trFfir1ft.
=dl
EJol Lfol ^tTjoll
ri? +EoJ^lql r|16|] uJaJr-4=oll @ IEA - HH i!#,lfh.tutE F, tfr dr "
=rl.=
zl E=E Erlr ?l+Llrl. olH +e + - IF A + + u)XA[iE€'f&tr 4+ [htfr "h "
gc z|qgLlrl. ^1.T.!d3
=.9g7rl^l ifrtuF-, Fzr, i4A, +lrEeF, iEFl
lnLl
rvl
_EOf l.{7ll-= ru6H6|{4t
z\il,il= vtoaE-t-t. lrt
^f-7[E
-/tL
o!

O 4f71.= 1oLl EoJ q:.J=i.[r|.. The artist traveled the world for 10 years.
^llzl=
-d+ r?]=sl O The artist traveled the world for 10 years.
@ EJrf.
^|.T.!doil= toJ=el ^lTl0l O In the photo exhibition, there are many photographs of
- 4r7l= 4+ -?6=.J?,tfLlrl.
@ olH olH + gal+. Korean elders.
^lcEe
- ^lTldg rf= + =eg7/l^lg=JLlrl. +The artist captured the elders around the world.
@ 471.= zl+ =J"J-.J +E g|
=9971^l @ fnis photo exhibition is on display unlil this Friday.
EqsJ+.
EJE= dl^l ?J!,tfLlrl. r This photo exhibition is on display until next Friday.
- 4t7l= 10LlZ
@ The artist has been active on his/her wor,ks.
.10
E^161.+, aJ=J,_{, 3E= llflr.|., EE= Erl+ - The artist was inactive for years.
^l{ld,
photo exhibition, exhibit, audience, return from an
absence, throw a question

3El €.J ": 6|1d 437

r6 I H ffiinffi tr zET* +ff+Ft +4E^ArsEfi.
q^f : geg olElEtrl0l=
i o Eft€lafranft'B*f.w"
Td8el Tlaloll^l E^|EJ- i - HillleHE+E'tfiA#Y6"Jr.
61.= -48=0t ?l=Ellq e=3 0l +€- 'JLIE
, @ H* E#'thH1+?++."
l,lal-lrf. GlrE 01ff+ 01t0il^l E_^ief- 6p1l El i @ 'lfA\ i#riI++H=A"
LJ^l :
,\tt l_o?
2J71tl
, - -r+kr\H-+, 1trrt[ftH-r1p4)\"
+8=01
aHol +'JolE 0l*0tlIJ EE : @ €E^ffiffiJ.6filEbn&tut/."
^ll
_E 6l-r. r!+=E "J+q +401=:srt-l+. raJql : - +T+llirkBlifiA&nEF!trtr4dt.
'Jol EIE +8=01 qalr. z
,J.tllTl=E )1tl7l
Lrol rat|,(l +al7lqal gatl
^l^lE6H^ltlala9. i F#',tu,',th*,+ffi, flrfl, IW^"'dyfrA, fifiLn&
^l+^l= 84eE ^lBoll= ^il B0l
7l= +e:l7l
/.l4t:x{=rll rl=P:Btzll6l.= rl?=0| ",+0I= + The man said, students at his age are crowded at the area
Llrf. during the weekends.
LJ^f= rllEat|ol +g=01 +"J0lE 0l=oll,\l E40l= --Jtl-Z -i.[ O The man performs at the streets every weekeno.
- The man volunteers Sunday mornings.
o'J^1.= +"JElrl 7laloil,\l 3E= -drt. I During the weekend, there are many students at the Street

HII= gsg i of Youth.

- ol.Eoll E^IEJE= --JLltl.
i @ mere are three students who are volunteering.
e TJgel Tlaloll= +"Joll -qt8=01 .FJtf.
i + Initially there were only three, but now there are more.
@ E^1.=J5= 6l.a 9l= -qfge Eoltl..
- rlEollts E0lq.rl"J
^11
-eiol i @ tnere are people who clean up the trash every weekend
^ll
@ +"J HJr[rf .v.31;715
^l=3 =fl6Lltt.
,\l-zJ=o| 9]tl. , night.
^l+= geg 0ld0]l -stLlrl.. : + Volunteering to clean up the trash is held on Sunday
- 4allTlE
^le= E^|.gfEe
: mOrnlngs.

T;B"l 7lal, 'Jltl 89!, E^fgfE= 6ltf.

/.^all7l= =40ltf. i street ol youth, street performance, crowded, volunteer,
^l+tl : clean uo the trash

17 t 'E nEtu1+'itr6++4R!L5'l+fr\&HX "',tU8€ifiEI U

LJ^f :
I E U H W ffi1+EE++4F)IL Ft Bt'{F,I+ EIJT -.F+E+W "
+Li, 0lS0ll 57|-7f ZarH-qtq1 Z
^|fl-dtfE^l?
a l= qrPltr3tll '-J^toJ 47171= I ET, E+f^+,'l+fr\, F+H+rr, tr*€il, trniH
=€=:9ILll.
qrf : rzJzl trJol0f. L||TiLrol HJtH-el=tJl 7lci0l
6lr,Jltlz dltJzE. 2l0l '8?+6la
^lg$
g0lalE^1.
LJ^f : olcJ 4tr:t 713fl6t| e= =5-d g€ol
+1.
^lg ^{l80ll
4 dEe 8+ol H.€ol. 3E ++^l e6la1
= = =J_"-sf ,8EJE 'these days, gender does not matter
aJ H^1. 7JA^pl LJO| gl= ZoF. From the man's words,
on deciding on career.' one can assune the rnan thinks gender
'e= rlg tll dEe daJol flGo|..'al= -J^f ls not an obstacle in deciding on career.
^ilAtoll
sl "Joil^l =€6f=
.J^l= rlg= =
rrl] dE3 30|]=01 olLlaE 84

-stE g + flaLlq.. =€:g nephew/niece, nursing college, gender, obstacle, ask

for an advise, cheer for
47|-, ZEI[|-+, dE, 80HE, +6ltl, 8flatrl
^fl=

438 Chapter 3 €'J "; 6[|€

r8 H tuli^h, \s RH\W X E .^Fg Ht 914fr,*s E+.ifr turt,
tffi#EHE^htuI(nt{.
LJ^l : 0l 7l^l= H^119.. rf= Lfalollll dE ++='Je
al +alLfalql e= gl+Llle.
#fliT*, &NrVn,
q^l : /.lEJol ^FJ=ol =r
g=3 trl= 44'JoN -d H +=6|.71 Al4r.
ffiK@,+, H4ltlE.

6l-E rf= zl+ r^l0F-.Jtl]g. el-?oll

=E
aol7lE
^fcol
"J+6lq =oaloJ.
'J^l : E raHE d-d ++-.1.= IFJ=01 016t|7|.7f9. ^l
gdlts E+o.e e|E= Hl+l^l tl The man said il one can live a satisfied life with one's desired
?lZl
^ltl'J7lil7f appearance, he thinks plastic surgery is worthy enough.
^.!01
"J+6lq €oPJ + ?ttlE ++-st
olrl.-;r
4"1_
,\H7lall
o_
lrl.
H_t_t.
=Edl
puzzle piece, plastic surgery, change appearance,
LJ^f= rf|ol flolE s6oe Lf+6tq Aole + ilq.E d-d wonny
++01 7l^l7l o)Lla 84:-JLlrl..
=E-.J
:::iliii:i nt= d:d ++, el-E= Hf+rf, 7l^l7l glrf
^4,

't9 H ilIft!+ &+\1\ fr\ll tztrt tr \ + &H - XTt+ $, X El Dl

LJII : qTl,,tl 71.8 *sE?;Hffitrfrl )\k14W , E+'p : ' trI Dr, H ie# EilrerE
""t9t= 34E0l cltloJrl _?=r"1llllg.
ft'!,fH,H."',
z^46HHl0 trjlolg.
q^l : =e.r0ll 9= ELlill aJaTl LJ3 a ,Jtl
=+re?
afre. =+-r +usf, iFffi, lrw, 1+1\E,a
+a
=^.ltrollll ==
r ++-drlr =-+roll =E6||=Jal.
LJ^l : ral =flote..
oJE
?l=9. Z446tl,t.l 7l E
60ll
^]tr r.ltr"^tS.=
*3 S.flGl-e.. Ee:E Eg6lE=
^l= =-=.r0ll
4rr qq E z:de -=e ul+l,tl The man said the restaurants that he went after searching on
^PJol ^lTlE
8d6lr EgtrJ6l7lE 6|19. blogs were all delicious, and he could know the blogger's
q^f : r==9. gE trc^lzol I= LJ9teLlzl=q + experience. Therefore, his thoughts will be 'one can attain the
LIE^l qEg 3^.lE=01 ?l=^l gtrlHTle 6H-?. information on restaurants through blogs.'

'^lg.= *3 flflr
.J^f= Z^!dH^l 7l.E
=er=
3g6l-= ,\faJsl =^lE
Z-dE "J+ ?l+r =*eEe.'=ere
=0ll ludgement, vivid, examine, get a information
=er= rH-gt€-HE g= + 9ltl..'= -J^f"l 34"JLltl
'zlol
=^lEoll
:: :::1 -J.J, dgdfrl., atr1Hrl, €H= grl.

20 t4r!' 9s R1r.7 lll tr, E affi,b Ffi 'Akfrtrqi H T K t, * tE'fd

ll1\4T+ ** h "' B'q n ffi ifr, ffi lfr , frTW*tl€' fttEE If /d
q^l : alAtLJ3 d"Jol EIE zLl7J E^l )l!e fri?$fi)tt /z fr\q''qT6A'ffi fr* h " :x-E ft! F! ffi i*.
^l^l=01
e E^f =J- 6l.E= Elt|tltl= "J=
=flAllq..
GIE ol+0ll^16?
LJ^l : 7le^lot-ct A3'=EJ'oJLltf. IlCol nft+trLiF. w2. ulE.fi!z{, tF+, trffi
^fLl=0llZl
gdl= ?i3 +101= 7E_+ fl= +eoll^l
^PJtl
E 0l0l=g Eal6l^l PJ= ZLltl. E^l=J5= dl
E^l rl 01a13 trJaoil 9t=
^fc=Erl
Hr f.- Pl6|] E^lE dfE^l ++6HE ^l-J==
g+dl.zl Through the man's words, 'ihe children who are raised in an
environment with all the needs are fullilled, they will not make
aol'J + ?l= H= El=dlE= Er d+Lltl.
an effort.' one can know the man's thoughts on 'in environments
'^fuol fl6f= ?t3 +101= 7E + ?t= trJzoil^l 0l0l where everything is provided, efforl will not be made.
^PJrfE ,l=
Eal6|.^l gr= ZLltf.'al= Hrfsl "J=
=9 =6H'g6l=
EF g= + ?t= sJ3oil^l= r+6f^l ?Jzl EJrl..'= H^fsl 84 welfare organization, lack, in one's own way, master,
ol
-9. ol4r lrt
= = T aH"t-t, persevere

:::::::lit g,$ 7lal, ,J=J, Ll=ile, El=ofrf, +=61 6ft|-

3al dEJ "! 6ll€ 439

121 - 221
qrf Lj^t+t+et LHLl0il -g ZlElol gtGl^1 EE -rofoF dt=tll
clEg "JEOI E='2JlGI.
==^l
LITL
E /\l 4== z ===
otrr|1? 0leJolE g;'J
^iEo-e =E
Etl Eal E= +
EOl HHlrlLl'7|=
^l=Etf=
+]E6lE
9t=
=clE=
EJ!rll.

qrf atlllTl 2JTl7l =Je.-J E-d gol €7lE q4^l? 4== E= El34e. --lI E + S.€0|..
LITI-
=E
r= q= 4== 6H^l6tE El^|. g4Hrl 6H^l--J ttl| +6HH= 0-4+7|. 3^l 3J01.. 4== ?Jr gEol
E /\l
dlal-r. 6lE Eol Eol^l gJE 710F.
=rl =q =
ttl|rftf E^l U slaln 'Je
=oE ^l+E

21 trtr'fi R€= rfrviT *tr, ZKtHF.vaMH t liWZtrH

'4== ?Jr gEol qotq.Erl ,ul slal?'JP Ee i H4lTffiet *+&Efr\rt,,I fr2F.zn+ffiFk"\ZflEg1inft\
e =^l =q =
6lelr 6lE Eol Eolrl ?J= 710t.'af= "J= -J^f | rtAZFW^Etr', tb6 Effi&ffiEltrEl#EtrvH fr F!^Fi*"
^l+=EoalE -'Jq.r =6l|
€4-ct= "J +
E= -.J ?l 4Hl6H0t
=
ol-ar lrl ^l+= EHt. I'ft=, +ktt'il*, ffiW, Xrtt), iifr6
'
4=, CE Eol HHf^1Ll7frl, 6l|^16lrl, +6H= Erl, Through the man's comment, 'spending the money lirst when
=, the paycheck comes in, without puiting into the lnstallment
^l+6ltf savings account, then try to save afterwards, it would be
imoossible to save money.' the man thinks one should save
firsi belore spending.

installment savings account, payday, money has been

withdrawn, cancel, suffer a loss, save

22 trs' Ftr U r'fr *tr B 7 + i€ H ',h++ tM' rXH H ffi inilIifr

&
'0leJolE CE-J Eol HUf^1Ll7lts A\r&^ntr-, +&ftHME fi'! E r-'h6 "I Dl F j'€ E at+€[K"
.J1l-sl ^F=o+ =e ^!E6l.E'0lal.=
tl€-g
"J= E6|| 4=€ ttfl E0l HHlrlLlTlE+
+ 9t== =
"J + 9laLlq..
^l.Eoe.e . tErEW#, tk."'"n4, wilt

+qE, i Through the man's comment, 'As long as you enroll the
== ^8, ^|IE1l3 i withdrawal some money automatically on payday.', one can
i know that when you apply the installment savings account,
i withdrawing some money automatically is possible.

i matriage fund, rate of return, investment technique

440 Chapter 3 €'J "f oH€

 123-241
q^l llll9. rr-4.J, F!3 -=.el--==J7tl9?
?JLJ 6

'JIl 4el EzJ

-d 7f^l 9l0l^l EelEel+LltL qfl"J trl^l-= -d trJ +E-d=tll Hl|g I Ll0l7[ Ll+ clalHolt]
^l-dfol
alr.g. gEHiol= Elr. HH== eJcJrllg. ^lflol
q^f ralf.clg? E/.l.0ll,(l= fal /.|-€3 EaJ+LItl-.
^lEl
LITL )E'JE:ztl:dg!_=grlglgtrl=e, EldLl^lE g etrHlol Hll=^lfloe l8olE a3 g^l ?J+r 84-sr.Llrl.
E'.1
q^f rlA-sr'Llrl. E^fol =zl
0lal--J 4-dl0l 9t=rll ggE0ll^l o17J 4,J+Lltf. +?.l6HHr.
^lE0il= ^l€dl.d+Lltl.
E^r rf3+El= ggE iqoil rl u3= l
^lE =,Jlllle.

23 '
- l+gfteiI F!+4'trtr:x€
H jfr nI X fn l€€F*E t' ft
'-.J 7l^l ZelE=J /.|:stol 9]Ol^l'af= Hrlel "J= E-.H'trlrl ellf h+fri9^afteiv"'
oll Zelofr ?l+.'71 €'J"J= "J + ilALl+.
l+iX+4, HE, A*[(,if'A-"]), tr|fr,
Zel /.ffl, E^1., !ldLJ^|., 7E6ltl, -H-L6ltf +R€ ^FI+h,
^fg,
Through the rnan's comment, 'because I have a recommendation
to give' one can see the answer is 'the man is giving a
recommendation to the pizza company.'

recommendation, employee, head office, minor,

emproy, report

24 '84b,rtfr\ff+ff[iAffi?AilE T" 'tr]S's€ifr trl Xfitrf&

'71=,J ELl77l gElE l ?J9trl=e.'al= LJ^fol "J= 5dH
nlrf llg3 cfl= l ^lLlr eFHlol= =JEE "J + 9lal_lq.
HHEJ o tAFixfi/\ frbl1*,xfr.-r "
^l HHg= ef,rl..
O trlrl H|1=
+ trlrl HH=^ffl=
eq^l
,(l-fl3 9EHl0l= Eln HI|EJ= eJaLl+.
- +ft#)8fr.^fr+trft+tutftT.
@ Htu1+XW_ttr-f+AF.
O .J^1.= 9=
+ LJ|l7l trl^lE
^lLJoll
nl^lE -d trJ +E:?.[t|..
+E-sf ,13 ollllgLltf.
- H*trWxfr.TtfrtF"
@ Efitfs€&Fr*fi Fk!+ff+"
o'J^f= trl^l H|]= fflol Llol= g-Z ?l+. ' H ill F,inT )Xffi ). frEE4R4', 6fn€4fr
-.J^f= trlrf H|]EJ ^tflol olalHfitf-L 0l0t7l-*= g Llol=
"
q +FffiXX..t fi'eH ffi ?.AlIEdi+E+t+ 7
grl "

=-stLltl. gEHfol= EJtl.

@ trl^f Hl|= ,\lflg Cfl= ^ ^l ?Jr. j*ft,,\E, ffiq++E, Ea+ffi4p4'
Hl|= /.l?, cflE 1 r1., GlalHolrl Through the man's comment, 'he didn't even wear a helmet
on the way back.' one can know that the delivery man did
not wear a helmet on the motorcycle.
O The pizza delivery man walked to deliver.
- fhe pizza delivery man came to deliver by motorcycle.
@ The man ordered a pizza for dinner today.
- The man ordered pizza yesterday.
@ The man knows the age of the pizza delivery man.
- The man said the delivery man looked young, but does
not know the age of the delivery man.
@ tre pizza delivery man didn't wear a helmet on the
motorcycle.

delivery man, wear a helmet, look young

3il €'J "f 6l|€ 441

 125-261
q^f : .pJe 4tTfLJol 4f== Tltlalr 91fl=tll-9., EtlGl olH0llE -srr. ++= +I]le 4€=
=^f7f ^||eE
l ftl=-g.. 0l+71 9llfe? =lElflLllg.
LJ^f : 4€olal -d€Oil^j gqLl= r|16|1 galfl,, r Erllq 6l|=140ll rlla|| 84ol.z1lB EE
^1=
ziolaf= ^FJ=0il21
-crLltl.. ral =^J10il qd, =^l=01 E^loll rJ-d E^ll= 4flE a0lrre.
84= d4oll,il Eoll HtrJ 4€oll^l= l.oJ 5
^f614
+-il ++ E^1loll rt|6l1 e aql= 0lE0l E6|] r5+rql aE E-Bt= rlfi+Lltl.
^ll =qz

25 i EFlii,tr'&i t4.ii4it^4frfB€rfl*+tfr+FnnHvt
.J^i= 'rl= 4€olil -.J€01^l gqlt= Er]loll rH6H ti.lFE"'trrtt. 4dF!+'t',Etgdt€'4'in9iLi'*#fi€Il*4
^[aJ=o141
gal+r'af.r. flooe'4€3 trA Erll= galoF-Lr i Y6+F!lhlE.',
=^foilzl
+.'= aol H^lel 84"JLlrl.
=d :
t*#. +&&h, ft+Wnt*, i++*15EA,AblEliltr,
Erf. -*r +al, 6|]=41, E^1, Ell= rf+rl, : fr.Ffi7r,{q
g-sr= llilrf ^lsl4
i The man said, 'l wanted to tell the people about the things
I happening in reality through the novel' the man's main idea
i is that 'the novel should talk about the real problem to the
i readers.'

i reader, school violence, solution, second-class citizen,

i deal with a problem, influence

26 | 'stLETu)#fs,*)Jhzffifl\4'in'Er${F'f F'lrs€ifr
,olHoll=
+il +al= +^tE 4€= l trrl=_?..'4ts qrlet g= i EID)^ltr(FAtrTX+E+E+&.&h lEFEffi4.i,H"
E6H47l7l -str +el9Erll= oJal= 4€= }[tl.= 't= "J + | @ lFAZffii*7X+tiSEZ^?lfr"
flALltf. ; -IFAtrTX+?.'l+EZ^*1fi"
O rt7[= doll qd, -r?]oll aJ--J 4€= 9-lfltf | @ IFAtrJ X+€rF+&EiF]trfl!,J.iI,.
'4f71ts q.5, 19]oll ,J-d f+Lltl. | @ IF€*trtt=ftH+%frJ+&fu1Hr"
^€=
@ 4)l= +-il +alq Erll= g|4= 4€= {tl. i - F.ft2flnEaTlTH+.
1t7fsl 0lEe r=-+r.oll^l +i ++= 3-d=iltf. i @ fAUt+84'inLEX+Ars,i+AEEE*1rip1f.
- olEoloJ_oe
r5-+-'Z0ll Ll|8"J trf?l-g + ?l+Lltf. r
@ 47t=
=olilq=
4€oll,(l ,,.fal4 qtrul q6|] += 10lrf.
- 4EE-H{]\rI&84'l.ttrTHXlt:+EE#ffi^4"
- 1t7l= ^l=zlrl 4€oll^l ^lal4 qr^f= tf+leJ+Lltl.. 1 E1frl"lFE. A]Eg{ ffi). 41fi

E^ll= gtzltl, tf+tf, 3-'Jdltf i From the woman's comment, 'this time you have written a novel
: about school violence.'one can know that the author wrote
I a novel about school violence.
: O gefore. the author read novel about women and elders.
i + The author wrote novel about women and elders.
i @ fne author wrole a novel about the school violence.
i @ fne author's son had experienced school viotence.
i + Only the lact that the author's son had gone to high
i school is evident.
i @ from now on, the author is going to deal with second-class
i citizens in his novels.
i + Since the beginning, the author had deali with second-
i class citizens in his novels.

i inform problem, deal with, experience

442 Chapter 3 E'J "; 6t1d

 127 - 281
q^l GH, olrll .J^l Tl+E .j d=ol ft= rr|] E E^l=ol olr.lE Tlqql .Jllls..
LITI- raHg? Lf= 7lq0l oJ
E '.1 a Ll=rll GIE 7JI?
q^f + 7H7l9tfl=t1l 6[lf-= -79o1 4P Eol=e 7jrJalrg. -Lr.6H -d 6H E6|]7l-= saol -Jz
zl oJAf40lflol.?. t4l 6lLf=
=ETlLJgEfrl
olTl ^lT]==
-d -Jrlrl.{4e zaHe. of7l7f dafo=f= _"#=
^fTl=olErJl + ?lGl^l
+al EE 7l+g +q Z GlrrH-e? =
=rJalr.g. ^fTl= =qF=
E /\l 840lLllg. raJ, +alE olN0il 4p dal6HEle.
=3 ^fTl=

27
.J^fel
k kI Ep H H,! ii iu
- xt i tR > rtE EE E_ tu1^ tr R + r.J E i$ H.!
rl+ doll d=01= il= rrl| E o_4rp[ oloFTlo-lZ rctE,
=9,trlz
0l^lqtql^l= +al doilE+q +E cl:EflLtr g6l
=qE-4= g7l gl6H
l . tr oI D-,listrtrX f fi!HAAtstrE, h 1+rtJ EF! ffi tE
1= $o|| qr[= doll e{rl-e ^|-T]=
7J= ?ioll "Jo-lr Hi47,Lhifr.
=
9t== g + flaLt+.
+fi:ft+, trrlF., b'^tE2dAE
d=01, o-4r1,
==7;'-Jg The woman mentioned about the frame was impressive at the
man's friend's housewarming party, and in the end she
mentioned that it would be great to have their memories
hanging also. From her comments, one can know ihe woman
is saying these to get an agreement.

housewarming, frame, wedding anniversary

28 :'€ ffi +'trtrq ffi ffi rs€ifr aJ Dt *str*F iii tE Ffi X FHffi
'+ 7vl ?ifl=rjl'el= qr|-e] "Jg 56H ??71. gE-d : +trfE.
doil= E
+ 7l| ?lflrl= g + ?t#Llrt.. O -rf ahET ++ EfrX,kltrttm+ "
^l7l
o ++: rl+ ^l€=
d d=otoil #4=itrt.
ol-LH
- -xt
^F)-t1> trEJ *. XEfr E xfrrt +ftH+
'++= 'JE rl+ d d=oloil af4:daLl+. @ )<Y=ili t"1 tl EHN +Etffi "
"

@ ++)l HJE-LI Eoil= s4rf7l + 7l] ?lflrl. ^

@ E Ft+fl 6+EtE#Fid,.ii T"
@ H^l= F q^|- EF clE ?i?]^l 7lq-.Jrf.
- E F.!A id,{i T Huaffi, hFlEtE.
-'J^l= 0l7l ^lTl0l fl= qrltrJ 7lq6|-r gl+Llrl.. @ xt -24fr,x h AFMTEW f
@ ++= 7l+E Dlal Eal6l1 Fflrl. ^ftlK
"

- HI|-=
^iTlE
€alo-lrE "J6ln ?lGLlrl..
- E F.txfiti4 Mr &)Tth#rEFfi(.+.
^l=+El ^lT]== ++, EtJ&:nW. #H... tuIt++
olLH, oJAf4olrl, EE40l EJTlrl_
From the woman's comment 'there were two' one can know
there were two frames at the house, which the couple visited.
O The married couple attended the wife's friend's housewarmrno
PartY.

- The married couple attended the husband's friend's

housewarming party.
@ There were two photo frames at the house which the nrarried
couple visited.
@ The man remembers both of the frames.
+ The rnan only remembers one of the frame with the babv
picture.
@ The couple already arranged their photos.
+ The man is asking the woman to arrange their photos.
wife, impressive, captured the image

3il €.J I 6|J€ 443

[29 - 30] trJ-J6[q 4 4+el
frrf : r-flL!d4rl+= E+oJe-e E7l'g + g.g.trJ trrr|l=al7l 4E, 7l€€ E= +44oe E7l6lr
?]^|]AioILl-E.d.J?|=d0|1"+=^]g8=cgd|-=^1|E?.1"J+^|trg^l|Eo|lt||6l|IiHJ9.|Zol9l=t119'"J+^|l€aJ
el6H +8= dgdl= aql 46|1 cl'€Zl 846tELVt?
g
LJ^l- : ^llEo1l
"J+^l-€?J ^llE0ll el-d
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g
€E= +get L11C d4, +ts d4golg.6Llti. -r.al+.E.Ll +€9 +g tsale + 9lg^l'J "J€0lLf
^l= ArrHal'

gE + glcl €43'+^l'J 7i5dol 9l= +€== !"J-'J + 9l= =P Tlelall 84-'|-a 9l+Lltl'
^tr,7|-=d53r|,r1|o|"J+s.fl+L|tl."J-+^l8zJ^]|E=56l|c=Edr|.^i7|^7H^l-=c4oeHrr+/g=

' *,[l:r:Lti+ +..' Ei$r8A ifr ft 'fll

"I
D-( ir € 4tu'r_i. +H X
29
'^l6l7t +,$= dg-dtf.'a -.^loo-e -Jrf= 4-+ rJZl^lg= "J /\+"
ot^.t
T^ AH*t*t.
lr-l-
fiH'n1rt, H?h&, #&h, affi, Ela?',w, )'tt''
LH^l 54, += E+, trtil5al, 4E, 7F=5, oJIt|8, +fiqqFi-\1, Ert.E
EEE9|, -Etf
=840-e, li is clear that the man is a university authority as he said'
'we select the students.'

school report, score of the Scholastic Aptitude Test,

potential, talent, possibility, concept of talent, unit of
recruitment, mainlY focus on

444 Chapter 3 €'J "i 6H€

30 \F?sB!nFn\ffi.. HtFxtrt"
Lt|
'+8"1 Ll+.tel+Er;qrdqqg
fr\+
5+= Ct E LH^l €44 +E tr+e " ffi+rfr]r.h"
i

+8et + O +AE H ffiI]IFEINHZ FX'rt.

o g+^t€+ rJlEoil^J= +5 d4=
- gqt^l€zJ r1lE0il^1= =^t-ilri. #r+h' Ftr
6,\l-EtLlti.
?.ldolLl.ar^HaJ, 4E, 7t..=d 5E ,1 IFi{.
"I6E'l+-'4q.

g+^ldrJ rJl5.oil^J= EtrE rq.e _H^l

@
?J=rf. 0A
- gqt^l€$ rllEoil^J= d= Etrrl
oE -Et ^Vl4)H^15€ 5-Er4 @
ttrL

o Lfl^l €4rt +5 tr#e qgq + ?+.

- A#Ai
Era8j++.
HtrUtrEt T Ftr D)il..lEiIUv1+. #fth.
@ "J+^l€+
^JlEoilll:
qrgel 4 .e Fd.
- "J-+ll8rJ
^llEolllJ=
eloJlE ?ldolLf g^11=;, ,15g
5= ^tr
=Il-etLltl.
+jgg, g-+^ltrzJ rll_E. d=Ed, Through the statement, 'it was only school
^l7l^7!^1. report and Scholastrc
Etl-, -+8S Sr[, qzJloe ETtd1rl Aptitude Test score. Therefore, it was possible
=-ct49-+ to know the
student's academic ability' one could know the student,s
academic abillty through school report and
Scholastic Aptitude
Test score.
O Admission officer system focuses on the
Scholastic Aptitude
Test scores.
- Admission officer system focuses on personality,
potential,
talent and possibility.
@ nt the admrssion olficer system does not take interview
separately.
i At the admission officer system overall sees the
depth
interview and personal statement.

talent, but also focus on personality, potential

and possjbility.

freshman, admission officer system, depth

interview,
personal statement, look in an overall
view. setect
students, multilateral evaluation

3il €.J "! 6Hd I 445

3l
.J^1.=E=el ].t4E +al+alE d50ll "*zll atza|ts 7iE
z 84otl 9l+Lltt. =tl

8oH?.!, +^1, 7lg+, E^19 dS, A€, trlEoltl

^FJ,

32
.Jrl.= 80|l?l IE= 1.3% EelSTil^lE= g86tq EIIIEE
Eall|la glGLlrt.

EZI HtH+, r||Hldlrl, ,4+4?l fl8, calqlcl,

^fE,
4?lE
^ll,tldttt

44 | cnapte, 3 8E "f 6l|€

 [33- 34]
q^f ; 9= Ll+r7t+rlSolzE lLedltrLfg? gtrl
7|ig
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=
gE gEIEE= trJ=7r 9r6fl^j-! rrflor =:e
'-JHrEELrrr. 50ril, L|+!7FJ $s €rr"-f7r +r6t| dflErrf 4dq r+g Lr+7r
4lqrE gl+Llrt. lEzr gFJEEE trJ=71 gl"_fl t ol= Lr-e
tl' gq8E= "JE Et+ EEe +4ol za'ilE gJ- Ess zldr_l
EEolr gqEE€ a{bl-'= 7?Jtjl^lE6|lilr =:rl g=+El
glrle.
tljd qrTlE ^Leo-l= ^|-JEP
7;-. o1rL1|,lp? ^FJ=e.l =ol'J
^l€6t=

33
q^lE Ll+71bllol^lr. ZAoil gr3 g-sFel
kftl+T txt +&81H, rf,fi3R6+&ii
j4H ffi,fEHffiXF,iIEtr"
Iq tr, +€ il r _n
77lEg gal
3E =rl ?t+Llrl.
E^11tr0il rfl6l| "J"-E =q
^f.gel ttrt^, frffi, _n,tsHfl, k+kF,
Ll+I7l+, €z^1, "J6l3E, +qr qrE ^*ffi+,
=ola, The woman is talking about the problems in the
use of
disposable products by giving the examples
of the trees are
cut off and it is unhealthy for the body.

wood chopsticks, paper cup, dishwashing, disposable

product, chemicals

i
34 kffrtfr
q^lE DJaldlr. €Zrl= o-l=
: ,Effift t@, mE-iit6frEtZ_nffi,tfrFnu-t4
^lSdl7l flZegol frq gilE J
E El ?lrl,l "Jdlr fl+Llrl. i o trn,ftH ttr D)-tRttH fl
O ^lEol trJal-d E rflEoil g6lEE
Ffi Ft1FH EtWn"
^l€di7l trJ=71
O gflS$= =n
?t+.
^l8ol 7flgEtfltrt. : @ hT tp-tkt+H fitFfi tDrliT 4ffi +t+k14.r,+4 F,
9l6t| rtgFzf El-+ q,Eol
oJ=71 gl6H
E3 giel el+qrEol l gLlrl i - hT +F-t 'l+ffiF,i++finlL+hF,E4nrcH" "
@ =
gqEEE i @ -i^,t+H ffi F,rfftH-i^1gH fr Ft/\fi E.feR"
Z3$
- ^fE6f= ^tEr=el
gal8Ee ,(ha-"-lE lt-J=e EE gEIEE€ gtal=,r.1.
afidrt.
i - T.F.F-:IfH-tk &AtiB.
zJ= el l2Jtl^lE Ll tl.
@ hT +P-tR't+H
"-Hd
@ g6lEE= dtalrl glo-H d1rlrl a1e rgol Lf+=
d=rl. - h T +p - hl+H F,E++ELH4+ StptN "
- ga€EE DJs= rll6HEl+4dq r+ol Ll+71BilolELlrl: fi*fitR, ti,frWva., titxl, IFHEtrha
Z3S a1x1r1, LJHlElrl, Ll.+= Hllrt, The woman is saying that the use of the disposable
/.fEol products
^lflol =rl is increasing due to the convenrence and there
is no need
for a dishwashing.
O Due to the convenience, the use of the disposable product
is increasing.
@ Many chemicals are developed to produce the orsposable
prooucls.
+ A lot ol chemicals are used to make the drsposaDte
products.
@ Disposable products only harm the people who
use them.
- Not only harm the people who use disposable products,
but also harm the ones who make them.
@ Eacn year, over 4 thousano rrees are planted to
make the
disposable products.
- Over 4 thousand trees are cut down each year
to make
the disposable product.

oarr€ge one's health, waste of resour@, cr;t

down a tree.
increase in use

3El trg I .-||€ 447

35
.Jrl.= Elg dArl ZeA Etsoll EH6ll €Edtu 9l+Lltl.

+4 AE,'&, E=
trt, Eoltt,'JalEl, 4E0l 4th
=tr|-,
+qdtr|

36
'=61 3-t'Et^lollll Elts 'Jh. g^tollll
=
€€ "J + gl+Lltrl.=9
^lE"JLltrl.'oll^1

O trfE 10goll EJtf.

=e
- ot9 Ep 6-78 €Eofl Et_ltrt.
e) nl= tr& +^loilll
=trt.
€) oh= eot E= aol
- nlE "J411 =trt.
+r gq El^l= aol
rt4E== ^t^lg =#Lltt.
@ trl=
=ol ^taJollzl =rl.
- nlE Eol rt ,^.taJollll =+Llrl.
e+, trlrl
^lE, =01

448 | cnapter 3 8'J "l al|d

 [37-38]
q^f : CgHzll^l= 69d0il rt|6|] +=dl Snap Eoe +B-.Jrile, olggil
=^le.l
r40il= tl rl.+4 +Eoil^l
69d0ll tfl6H ,,.'.1;lr[_z 6ll_e.. i^ll4eE g-r^6l|+,\16. =ZEl =6t
LJrl : =,\1el rl,
+r1l4o+ llE dFE4 HEZI= 7flgi eJgolal.r -g + gl+Llrf. zloJolLl. .JallHlI= 6l.E llol eldg
=^lE
gcl|_l^ltrJ +84"J HJE, +ll= 5E4oe EJ€sl.^lilLlrl.. d+Ee rflluJ7o1 Soil ?{= +Eetr 7lq+,
5E +rJdl= =^-l=
TlrJgLltl. El= rrfl= doil B.l= LHEE Zl+6fl^J 7lqdfl LHot o-lE_+ t+Eol ggdfl|l
^fral rE-sr El€ol ll?] ^qE
=ELltL EEzl= )t|+l,Jtr= -crr-lrf. 448 gleE tr=+, gel+, tsal4 lfr+ol g.Jo-l.r
+= l.laJql 4-d 0l6|jol +E !"iq^l= 'ig ^l=dpr-E olajet LIol 4rErl rJaJol ?l+n _-J + ?t,Jl6.

37 H fr\in :'i*fi Ef ts il *t rtltu %?frrt!ft dr "'

Hrf= llsl I+Erl EEZI= /fl+= EJEolalr "Jdlr
=^l7f
ot-41 trL €t*st, tut^A, ttr&+$, it+Lh, Ezazh
: The man is saying reading is a good activity to awaken the
tFE, EEZI, rHtlHJ+, 7lq+.
, lrontal lobe and the limbic system.
^|-rej
i frontal lobe, limbac system, cerebral hemtsphere,
i memory, thinking ability

38 ntirtfi&# E E tq e aft tnE4.ifi tu*,,tEaA ziilE4A

'

'7llg0lt-l =JzjlulIE dfE rlsl alde gqLl^l"J +E4oJ HJE, dtfrIifr rh " 5+fH,q, i*fi AeWIFxnfi +-rr&iff ifiE*.,
Ftl= 5E4oe EJd6f
=^J=
E^l= +tl= 5 / r-€ ifr trl X fr ATi&4t-tnfi + dr leyff i6E X"
E4oe g€if^lz= g + ?t+Llrf.
^lzllrf.,oil^l
O Inir?& F! r-.J^E:€i*
ItX^mT+ tF.-. tfr ru*.
e zlgE -g rrfl= tlTl-ElE6f^l gr=rf.
- ZIoJE 6lE llsl Elte golLl-^lE_t +E4"JLlrl..
- lnD?xi& HEyft ifii,ld, F A R--WdtFrifr -rm E.
@ nr%4 5 ltwtu1,E Z AZh tr tntlL"
o EflZl= tsal4 nJelol ?rf.
- ^lr+4
EEZIE rl=ol hltr aA= - fut*4,|F h A,L' E't tniri*l itr,^. F!d,|tr"
^EErLlrt. @ i* fi AeW 4frt,E&+ A ft ift yfi tr *"
o F!= 5=4ee @ i*+nIXYtrYfi#+tn&+T*.
@
=^l= -g rrH= =r€61^lzrf.
rllrjfi+ t^ll7l
=,\J=
- :Bf =fdElEJtrl. EJdelsJLlrl.
tt||= t||llHJ+ gtotl il= tFEol - i* fi Etaiff ifitfid+I*Bf F F.t i?* !t.
=,t.l=
++h, EtJfrh, tLalnrt, AZ.htuI, ]EA4F!$E-trfR-t
EeaJ, afel+, +84, 5o4, 016|]0l +ol 5;ol^lrl
From the sentence, 'when playing games or watching television
the brain is functioning but still in a passive state, while
reading actively activates the brain.' one can know readino
actively activates the brajn.
O The brain does not function while playing a game.
+ The brain does lunction while playing a game, but it is
passtve.
@ The limbic system is deeply related to the logicat thinking
ability.
+ The limbic system is known as the brain of the heart,
and stimulate emotions
@ Reading activated the brain to be active
@ Wnite reading, the entire cerebral hemisphere is activated.

-
While reading, the frontal lobe of the cerebral hemisphere
is activated

concentration, ingenuity, passive. active. increase rn

depth of understanding

3il d.J I 611A 449

[3e-40]
qxlrJsJ: tjggl r||Ll dgdl-rl'J r olqe HE 7lg=ollZl$ EolZtfLl EeJ'J ralE olal-d
^llzl4oe ^ldol=e.
E^llEg aHAdlTl +l-d tH"Jol 9lErl.e?
.J^1. :
Sdqgol 6[Ll-ol tt|?.tol =J + 9l= a e+Lltl. A€qgolal 8t^lelAul^l7f tlIEil al/l= ",[ts 3€F9(fair
trade)oll^l ttl8 Tl|Ljoe, +-.J q:.JolallE --JLltl. d|-= qgqlll EJe.?g, 4r-1, LJHI 5=
=7l7l"J
HJd6l.r olal3 Llal.ol +.J=ollzl 7:=ola[E -EE€ +^l= +l^l0ll^l 2000LJIH ^a|1EJ =E
+=JE Hl=-d gnlEoll^1
=ol^lE^l
+tlElcl eJ=rll olril trE e+|lEl= +^llol^19. E€qg= E6H^l -.J^lEol8Bdl= +4= 0lEdlr, P1^l0ll^1 8+tEl
+"J6f= 5 a= + flall+. E^lq rJr.J= adf= qg= zlEl-g +E ?l'"1l+Lltl.
= =4= ^lq^lal=

39 Er$, E *t tI l6p rtlfiAfr 5'_e +T ffi +f i,,f E rGE iE,tR

q^lg'rJrJ {jgol [t|LJ d€f6frloJ I 0le.l3 EE ril F, A iU A{L+ tr*fl ffi H'! S *.'r8A ifr €
trJ D-l fs

^llzl4e-+ ,\l+01=9.'af=
7lg=ollllDJ EofZtfLl EaJtrJ "J= E6ll 'rJzJ
' U )hF 'tt
!l H! f tJ"n ++ /nFf,.t.e*^tA)]l.'H Xtul ru FAit
olqol HE TlgEoll4l de40+ LHEOI g m.t€3Ur$.
oilLfeJ==g+?l+Llrl-.
^lge] =0lztl..'=
xr)bFir, t^trti+, glh^,
ft6 ^Eiftli, ^+ffi.n,
+zJ BEq:d, EE+q, EJAeg, -.JrtE, Z6lrl.
^lg,
Through the woman's comment, 'although tourism industry
grows each year, but only certain companies are protited by
it is something new.' one can know 'the prolit of the tourism
industry mainly goes to certain companies.' was mentioned in
the front of the content.
tourism industry, fair travel, fair trade, environmental
pollution, local, double the parts of

'rEitAEtftilfFffi H!trH ft'l{E-f, XE}&,i\HF

40 =ft
g1€+n+Wffi1ihl4;i+4" 'iEtrix+
t6
p-|fi€ 'tEf*.fi
'35q-d= Ei6H^l flrl?.]o1 3B6f= +4= 0186lr, -d^loll^l A + "I
?961.= 5 €=J + ?l#LItl.'al.= AAWWtftIhq4r+"
Sttq=
=4E ^lq^lel= @
LHEE E6l| rlq^lal= A= + ?t+= A= g +
o 14r lrL =dq="Jo.e -^8ffi1i86wffi4,tu1ffi*"
r\ Elfs.Tt EBW+f Xtu1ffi* "

e E€q-"JP tr^l +4El= +^lloltl. | @ L+H. D E h2:EifrTtm*Elifr.

i +
- 3€qg3 E^l ejqq= +llloJqrl. : @ /tEirtTtft26&8\Yfrrbl4.4I+
^8ffi:ti--frL+H.nnrKffilt.
o a€+Eg rrf8 trJolrl. /*EfFTt'".#trftfifr4fiFt"
"

=€q-"Joll^l @
- Bdq="Je 3d+qql^l rq-8 trJgLlrl. t
o a€qgeE a=J + 91tf. - * EiRTt Er^. Ekiijl 4+tUErtm* F!"
E ffi

@ E€q-"J3
^lE^fal=
-d+0ll^l 7[ef E^l iF+XX.aE, iRfr, XE, ffi*, refii+A, j€+dn,
^l4rElfltl.
- B€qge +=J= Hl=-.J gtrlfloll^l +TlElol eJfLltl. tffi,D

gElfl, +^Elrl Through 'fair travel uses the locally managed accommodations
'JHl, +l^1, +^ll,
=Etrtzl, ^lE^|-al, and purchasing the locally produced food to revive the local
community.' one can know the local community can be revived
through fair travel.
O Fair travel is keep decreasing in trend.
+ Fair travel is keep increasing in trend.
@ Fair trade is originated from fair travel.
+ Fair travel is originated from Jair trade.
O lt is possible to revive ihe local community by fair travel.
@ Fair travel lirst started in Korea.
- Europe and other areas of England and America have
been promoting fair travel for long.
destroy civilization, waste, purpose, trend,
local community, England and America, reduce

450 Chapter 3 €'J "! 6lIE

 141- 421
H^f : 9=3 +elel dgg C=Xl 6'l-= fl"J #€t80fl rt|6|] giolE4l+Ll+. A€t5g 116.ll=
^.lAt = "Jg +gEr
t4loll
^f^lel
Atr4= FS;l l 4l80ll^1 HFJrldl+r q7|. #€= g6l.= tEE oltrl-slLlrl.
^1Er= olal-el
#€ t5e
trJrH,
?5, 3^i, +B', ZE E rl|?! goil^J +tr gge|_lrl. ,J€rEg
€^ll-a r_7/l= rJ€rl qE
^JHl^= "-f=
'zJ€E EE6[|0F -* q gg"-[q, 'zJEr== "-lrl EIE d^il ,J€?+ eeE EqoFoJ .-1.= e€ ,Joil
82, 96l.= EEzl oJELltf. ^f^!E
#8-t5os 8Z E^ll7f 4tratat q+oj^lrl LJ= egql= CZr ^lol7i
qq' ^FJ= ^Ea'^=
-H0l1l c-d 3+g! €t!tr* + rl+tzl^l 'J#s ?t+Llrl. rltr= aedlE olel-d,J€rEq trld|lrl-
trJ= riol otuTl 6l= g4ol ^f6l7l
HELlrl.

41 ix
: F AAfF
B'r T€ il'te ffi fi -,Jr
tl t4 ffi, i+d€ dE iE Xtn fr\4++ EMH
H^l= A€tEql E^JIE=
^l4dlq
rltrg ae"i:
^lsloilE
i Ftr.
floJol 9l+r "Jdlr fl+Llrl.
fr-4r#, ,Htr, tEj.E, Mfr.+F
r5^1., floJ, 3e.air1, trJ=rl
^fol= The man is pointing out the problem of the emotionat labor
and the sociely that pressure into kindness.is another caustno
factor.

laoorer, cause, pressure, make a difference

42 '
IE t& fr ar rt fr\ ffi.eH e.trf
m; 4, + F+rltr t !
14 ,iAA4 j,4
'#€t5oe gz Erll7f 4€alzl rf+ol^l^l gr= ?J+oil= d trr.'tri$A- il6 pl DJ,fs€, 4sR4tr \+&iH.F Ifr td
n

-d-^Eall^= .HolZl Eiq'al= Llig= Ed|| A€IEE fr4r, ift+-yilIEh.

ltrot.ll
tl+^l LreE ,\=ajl^7f gZ= g + ?l+Llrl. @ IE t&fi fed F E A ffi ttt,lt tr tr.
e #€t5e +g6f= fl?.totrf.
"h
^lAr.==d4e -'ffi %fr -^h RF.r k E ffiF tr 4E tftfr 1ttr tr "
- e5l-
l
g, floJol floJg oFJLlrf.
^l€e.l
=J @ IE %fr tJJ +* k+&tffiEt^ r g l:
o a3.t5= t5^loilzl^J =€4?.1
Hl8+^l +e HJ€-.Jri. "

- eEtE= tt|?.! 6l= 901^1 +-e gg:-JLlrl. - IE % fr +g l; E+,lffixt ),.frF.* fr\ r(r L "
-,h

@ I5%ffdr6tr= BliEqF! rt-rft+ Ur trh

o #€15= 4Ealzt^lull=
rf+^l gr_oE ,\Eall^71 gzrl. "
@ A€l'53 A^Jl Lzl=,J€g +116l E=-g rrll gzrl.
@ fl * pil B f F'l B'fF E + ie *I/J, $! Ht'.f4 dr p+IE q fr -a
U
"
q Pzi E f H'! B lF 5 * F4', * II E! B tF T
- e€l53 t^llB L77l= A€ri += Ad= tr-.Jdl|oF g - U
t+ 6.! B,j,fi+ Hi -
rl| g'g-sflltl. U+IE%ffdt"
IELEH-"h, fHe, ifiE, EF, H^EW+, ffiiFtr)d,
,J€t5, trJ0H,
+., ZE, rflE,r.1u1.^-, ddtrtrJ. rt+F tr^, tftEA. T,X
trl6fl^f, +rJ6El
Through, 'extreme stress is caused when emotional labor is
not treated properly'one can know extreme stress is caused
when emotional labor is not treated properly.
O Emotional labor is the crucial reason that causes suicide.
+ Emotional labor is one of the reasons for suicide. but
it is not the crucial reason.
@ Emotional labor usually nappen to temporary emproyee.
- Emotional labor usually happen io a person who does
interactive service.
@ Stress is caused when emotional labor is not handled properly.
@ Emotional labor happens when one honesfly expresses
ones real feeling.
+ Emotional labor happens when one expresses a different
emotion to the real feelrng.

emotional labor, sell, distribution, nursing, interactive

service, mental illness, suicide, victim. irrelevanr

3il €g I dll€ 4Sl

43
qr|='ol== +4 d^=01 rle z+E0l|: 6lLtE E0l fl=
aol gt6Llrl.'al,u =d-crEe'E80ll= d4=el EJ4 9l
tr|.'71 71E|. 4E-stLltrl.
^ldl7t

d=, a+E, 'J+oll,

g^l= trl6t|+tl,
==ol =oltt

44
dA='J= 6tLt= ZE +Ee-l 8d, trt= 6lLl= 8 lolal
=4P
a.6lHALl+.

tr+, EtAi, Tlel^lB, +Llol+, 8€,3E

452 | cna8er 3 8trJ "J a||€

 145- 461
q^l : _9.= zltroll g^l *=
"J=q aol ofLlal.+g0ll "J+l HfeHle "J=cl LH= rfl.r=n;15 HaJETl=_r. 9l+Lltl.
+g-g'J-d ?lrlE =:=
7lq, rl^f?l0ll EqTf €tfzlPEzl^l HIE t]:.J^lz^l Fol Lle= zltrol aJddl
ffil= ,iol ^.llEol =^l
olal-d 3gU^.13 E+dl= PgE Efl XolTl)l Pl6t| tr||.Sg^]|=
=eglltf. ^Hr= =0lI ^l^lttHqe
EgEl_r. ?,lE #,r{flqrl. ralq 0l=lzl Eal StEJ e=3 +g0l rH+E slal^l= e+7f
^l0l01l^l =al ^lLlE
Lrol HlalE q oltslEJ^el tlol=tl E 46 +6l|=tr= g8^l7l 8g-dtfE ulEtE oJL ql+Lltl.
^l+S'Jgl-=
+^2 ffil=r atrJol =J"JD\?? -drH= Af0l7l= ?al7f 4 846l|El0Fg E^lloJLltl.
^|]eE

45 '
RH T fr?F&ifr"ti fr\F F,, 4 t.-I,r?I[kd. jAi.t+H+*
9s
'+g-g"J-d ?lrfE 7lEl, rlrf?]0il frfr +P fiE |frtr.'trtrrs- A 6 "l fs,'R/t r.J iAl ffi ,t4,,1 *4
^il801
zfl Hle TJ="J,t121r1',"1 =^l
L||E= =Gl7l.gtrl3E
E6|| trl|,\Etr|Id tlaJE= Tlel0ll ilfUrttr#[Ht*frTr"
+Ezlrl Hle TISEJ= "J + flaLl+. o,R j6 r'f H ffi ff4+effi -++.Fft!J€&nF"
^l
e 41,r=415 HaJE= 4ltroll gF,\l RE U=rl. 6 Et€€-t-++15ft | E&ER B! "
+ trl].\E nlidp Zltroll g^l *E il=ol
-1*tr E{ H
,l0l 0fLlalr
==
e fi ff4i titU +UrttrfillH+*r+1-"
Rr$r'f r*1
6H4t lrl- @'Rtrtr'f H ffi ,t4T,l.,D'FtAHltttrF ft!ft ,fi "
@ Ha.!-= Tleloll,\l +=Dl^l Hfe TlgEJrl.
n11.^.=n115 H ff fr4 Bl trH U { H rtt) +jrfr/t- I+E "
-lFrE F-'J

@ fl,r=n15 uaJ-= rl]n7f iJofE + gt= EEOl ?lrl.. @,Fj8Ht'Hfiift4kltEFBF4Fi$r'I€, ++h+4" e

tr|I^E tr|Idq eg g43 4l=
- -ctt_ltl. B'J H fil ft4 Ft &XF 4E R ilifr 4-iiitt # + AF+11++
tlaJE =41 -jr+E "
@ u1.\=n15 R=3 +="J01 +la1^l^l ?J=rf.
jaHz{, t+8, N2\, ,F1l+,hfr.,
+ r|I,\= trt|€el *=3 +g0l ^lLfE rH?E Hlal^E e+7[ *Inf, iftE,
trt-A.t lrL ^lLlE HEryNffi, +I$AFE
L= H -t"t.

Through the content, 'if there is a possible trendy product,

7lEl, +8, 3gg^1, 0lL|6fEJ4,
it directly process to planning, designing, production
^|]r, ^l^lrrllrr|]E, and
+6HEE,
^l+Sudl distribution' one can know fast fashion brand progress directly
lrom planning to distribution.
O fast lashion brand makes new seasonal clolhes aneao.
- lt is said, the fast fashion brand does not make seasonal
clothes ahead.
@ From planning to distributjon, fast lashion brand is processed
directly.
@ Fast fashion brand have a weakness that it may end up
with excess in stocks
'The operation method of fast lashion brand reduces
stocks.
@ Fast fashion brand clothes do not get discarded even after
the trend has changed.
+ Most ol the fast fashion brand clothes oet discarded after
the trend is over.
plan, distribution, operation nethod, inventory, sonetines,
carbon dioxide, toxic substances, global warming

46 E F! ,L+Ci+'|*i8 H{ iff ffi ft4€ XilIiir.' ,eZtr +H H 7'l rt FJ

@r[! n11.i.=rlldol +loJ^loll LH-d €_H= IllB6lr 4.\Etrt|d Hfi!rhltr.
e.l 9l+Lltf.
=rllE= ^146l-z
"Jsd, 446|-tf, The woman is pointing out the problem of fast fashion after
^la1l, =r]|tr= ^1l7l6ltl providing what fast lashion is.

necessity, emphasize, example, raise a problem

3Al 5'J "f 6l|€ 453

147 -
481
q^f : _?= gLl agq 4-d €Ll 8g0l rrlg=E^l €+oll^lE €Ll 8g0ll tH-d ^lg= Ofzl^l -eJ-z 9l=tlle,
rHoJ_o_e

+all-lelol €Ll atg qgaLvtl?

-dEJ3
.J^f : €+= rlLJ6l] 5C fl!^1^lg.89 SEHZI C+eJ gPJ= LH=r 24 flE 8g Fg +^lE 8g
^|E ^lfloll ="JLltf.
ll.gP +al 2187|]011 =JEl,=tllg 7l:f tHE4o+ €'J eg 7lg3 3q flrl^l 4tH looo/o -H=€ E0l=€trl^lollll
^lg ?l+Llrl. ralr-iolal tl ee-d ae +4z4oe. 0l+lrl^l
A/l "J= + 9l:: ^lflE ^1fl01
== ^jlE7f =e6fxlU rJal E
pJ-E+ d,r.lg ts^ldl 61= AoJLltl.. E-d lLJ 8g €tr|| 9l-dE ?l-d ofZl=J, Z€=J,
^1EoJ?tt ,iglltf. ^t|+=0171 ^l+
zE n1pa110F -g
^|fl

47: '

lLtuL" #+*lr I FldljL{FSiLEAz te

'5+= 5E El^1.89 Ll|=:r
gEHZld+eJ HJoJ= i
iffiffii+FftT ffin
zz?3^1,-J6ll Fg
^E +^lE dg +a1 f "' trilrstt ifr "J tjl 4E trFIFr't€ +0'Ul++f 4e fi'! *tr.
dg ^|fl ^lgg t||-d i
R

^1fl011
2187N011=6f=tlle.'sl
="JLltf.
LHE= d+oll^l= 8LJ EEoll O H+tll iLA \IEI D)18 - 4L+tuL "
l

=6l|
^t30il
4+49= "J + ilALl+. - pI LJ*e{BltJ -.lLFt rt.
O €Ll 6tg Tlge 1q Szlrl E= "Jg + ?ttf. @ WN 1t ff0U il A{L++fR & fi'! #tr.
+ 3q gzl^l E= "J=J + lALlLl. @ F+0!!LE fr+WE+Xil. Fl gfi!ft€ d ffin$ "
g d+oil^l:8LJ etg0ll rH-d rlflO1l 4=401t1.. - izTfr?Bki)r.
6) 8LJ Age €Ll dgel 7|.8 Eal4?] 6H=r!0ltl. @ Wtrt h T ].LE +HZIE4\+kf.+Xi ffin 4Lffi m"
- =J?.]-=r + ?1.= LHEoJLlrl.
- ffi n ILffi mE fIlTft €tl iL Lffi& W + "
@ €+= 8tr 8g^l.7l E= "J-J + gtE= 24.A= rlfl-'Jtl.. ^tuI
- 24 ?? €+7f 3g ^lfloll
Fg-d EoJLlrl. hlt4, duil, {ffirl,)] , F"'y+tE6nK *[anu,
+-frHA&
ag, 8e, ^l? flEJ, c+trJ BJsf, +^lE,
=361^t
l

Through'last May, the government had offered the venture/

start-up lund on the ecosystem of the virtuous circle plan and
investing 2 trillion Korean won into the start-up. The departnental
number of businesses on the aid for start-up has reached up
to 218.' one can know the government actively supports the
young start-up.
O One can get a loan up to one hundred million Korean won
for the young start-up firms.
- One can get a loan up to three hundred million Korean
won.
@ The government actively supports the young start-up.
@ Young start-up is the most effective solution for young
unemployment.
+ lt can not be proven.
@ The government aids two trillion Korean won for the young
start-up founder to loan.
- Two trillion Korean won is the amount that the government
invested into young start-up.

unemployment, start-up, support status, virtuous circle

plan, department, financial company

454 Chapter 3 8'J "! 6|]€

48 H fr\iil, s1+nRjtti+EitrA+q#+ tr 4H feffirt ++,
d ! t i +Erf..ffi '# E ii # ffJ'n|]h.
Hrl= g9l=
"l_r. ^1.+ 3g ^|fl
tr^lo-l oFJ"-h xf E- +
5 8LJ^ld.!^l€ .
LJ

efg rlfl €.4o1^J -EeJ-=r tr= oj*l-;l ol4r lrl

€UlLftH, '+\tn, Wtfritr, -#A_+,f+, lW+trttr,

6fgHlE, 47ap1. E.=g grl,
^lE
d^1, 4+ rJal,
ft&n+, -ii€
'Jftg DlaJ6Et, lreJolri
The man is saying on the areas in need of improvemenr
on
the aiding policy of the young start-up, they should
thoroughty
De pre-jnvestigated and create management
supporting plans
aftermath.

start-up expenses, demand, get a guarantee,

preliminary review, financial management,
oraw uo
measures, compensate

3El €.J "t 6|]€ 455

 [4e-so]
q^l : EJ^ E?]E 0l^lLlg.? €+7i3!7|.4= +^4 d80ll efq= +0171 9.16l] Eg-d
rH-d
^ll_E=
THoJ rE= TfdolLl =0lr
8g^l€ 50ll^J C7lLl.^lEJ^
7l^ ,\lEg ^ltrJ=el
rlEJ^ +g6l= 8t7f4
^llEglltf.
Ht|=€ +l6H l+6lE E+ "! 7lg 501 gA7l4=
=ol7lLf
a"J= E?]E=
^llE=
0l1o+ = olEe3
=0171 =oJ ^ll8-'J|tl. =g^l€
E:$oJ'5 tH6-il.EolLl t+, d7l9=E +E 9l=tll-g., Erll= olal-.J r]lE7f 9l=ollE E+dlr.
E El^l ol"iof 0lE6l= /.FJol EEqt =rllg
tr"JLlrl. =JallHld rJull-rJtr1loJ= =3
E6H EJ^ =H7l
sg= xllE0ll rtl6|1 gaJ+E
g!7l4 Btl== tll EJ{ E?]E =q:=f
q-cr$ + ?l^l ?JE|l $4--JLltl.
=01= ^llE7i =

,
H,frr*H^+itr, tzKtr, ,tr[]8ftifr D,lfs€H
49 Hft nl.

'LH=r5OlLl +E,dTle== +E ?=Llle'= E6H EJ ffiRrtRb trI D)rEH\+t;Efr\4tffifr "

4.E?]E+ 4er.E 0l8e=€ =^ll:g
+ 9lE€ g + 9l6Lltl a hfrRtr,h\ fr!tr EAIL d tr fi! ft {tr"I

I EJ4 E?]= =^ll-=f

7lg0l E"J-.J xlls.o;rp
^llE=
- E&Rtr,Jlfril,qEElffi d I E f! ftU,q"
EJA @
- E?]E
^llE=
€+71 E"J-.J
^llEoJLltl. @ ffiRfiR^ ft1Jtr fr\xt 8-E+ p.x@.
@ =JL E?.tEe 4=f,8 0l3e== + ?lrf.
o EJ^ E?]= rllE= 7|lE E= =^ll-g
7l€'J= rHdoe -Lfrf. - -xt
*E+ ^ri
,&6ili&tfi +.
THoJ E= 7f€OlLl Afg/\l€
@ ^q.ExED)
- ==
LHAtoe -sf|-ltl.
- qti rtr, h fr\ tr- F-4.fr.t h 7 W,' IRE--=-"W5 J€ E fi R
@ EJ^ EoJ= rllE= +g= -.Jrf.
EJ^ EoJ= rllE=^lEJ^ ^llE
€+7lea7l,\= =4otr fi ffii)rtt*tuFtKtuI 2 E h H Ft ft |l f 6! ft !H.
- =ola ^lEJ^ rll
€eFql 4--J Etq= +0171 9l-d +4o+ "J==^4
Eolt ltrL
+HstLt-
^l"J=el
^+tkffi
: ]1ll Ed7l.\,
^lEJ^=^!d8,
Arg^l€,
^JEJ^
dE, HH=, From it is even possible to pay the fees of public transportation,
_z_z I l.\l water, and electric fees.'one can know carbon points can be
oo/'l=
used to pay public transportation fees.
O Carbon point system is introduced by the company.
- Carbon point system is introduced by the government.
I lt is possible to pay public transportation fee with the carbon
point.
@ Carbon point system is subjected only to individual and the
family.
+
Carbon point system is subjected to individual, family,
and commercial facilities.
@The purpose of the carbon point system is to nBke a purchase
low carbon products.
- The purpose of the carbon point system is to reduce the
green-house gases and to promote the participation of
the citizens on the low-carbon green growth.
green-house gases, low-carbon green growth,
commercial facility, low-carbon product, emission,
oublic establishment

50 ft' E*H */ztlfrIft\tr, ItrF_BIll+^Xtl, + RrttJH fr1

'=rll= olal-sf rllETf ?l=ollE
E+dfr EElrl ?Jol 4U+rEl€F.-4iCUT hlB, mE"16+€
0l86f= =P
-Etf: Efl!r;.'o1 L|l8€ E6l|
=ETfE^llEol^ll7l ^tR.,).'B!AA+,
UT
^feJol
E a= g + 9]? oJE rllEel olel-.J E^ll= 6H=-3t
=Ee fRffi, rirtr, k+wn+, lbffiffi, IR.D(ffiD)
+ ?ttf= 6H= 'J"J= rll,tl6f.Z ilA|+.
From the sentence 'The problem is that only lew people use
| 1,: E^llE, 6H= 'J?J, olge=, E=tr|- this system because of poor advertisement, even though it is
=2,
a really good system.', you can infer that the problem arose.
And the woman is suggesting that the problem can be solved
with the advertisement for carbon point system.
basis, problem, solution, utillization fee, rare

456 Chapter 3 5'J "! dH€

 Y7l gq(51H-54fl)
E=* ElE EEg?t (+E^t) rllE
51
o E++ lE g€= dolEJ!+Llrl to
c 7lllE 7t=3 +lqoF :Lrrf
52
O /.PJollzl= +^10 | =Jsdltf lo

53

il= -d+ ,tl.Eloll^j 1?l TF9 +7|-=r ?l+. 1985LJ 66'J Eoll ETFiIE 1oJ 7|.7
+ts 2o1sLloil= 520trJ go+ _-+dpll
1oJTF9 floJe-+= lnfl, .r.1s1o; reJEle oJ6H t?] oJ+7t
E4l, ol=E _EE61E olg oJ+71=GlHtrt. =7|=itrl.
=7fTlnlE trl= {1il1,
€Ll=sl 2J= ?.!+7|. Lloldtl. olaiEl 1oJ )l]=^l =71=*tr1.
Er1Es'-+= lnl, L?l oJ+el r.= t7l
grol4 =)lol
Eri. ilnil, oJ++71 #^-dq..=^l =7|.-drl.. =rfl,
=^l ^l= ^l=J=01 ^lal4 ^Eol ^lal-rlzl ^1=te-e

54
L_rrl
^lLl=
rlHE
Lr= ++7t
=q+= 'i3 qdel ^lEl {]= =7lq +aJol ?t+. qldofl= 7lE qd = ++7t Lrol olLu= E0ll^1
E-uz HEJS BJoll^l 3E at-s 3971 ".Jg,trl.. ralql rl=3 "JHol ++71 Bof ggoll,J dLJ-=f + gl=
3+7|. ".Jtl. gqr+ /jflgg= EAloll 6t|Ltiot .-1.= +'Jol gZ ,ioltrl. olal-d ^fLl fl=
+.JS trJq= rllE4 ekl7l. gtrlfl ^l=Jol
ol.ol= fl^l
^lLl
E= E9l7l= Zl+ olqE +H+oil flrt. rlfl4aJll EtiEs zl+ golrlzl EJrl.. *JolrlE Etr d3
Llol ^lEl4
,'.|.=Jg aol+. olE zlgel ujlos toJel oJ+71=qLfr. 9l7l rrllEolr1. ={lEolfaJql t?.!g ^laJp =ol=-z
= loJ"l =qg 5e IFJtrJ= "J= g
+ fi.t|. Tde eol l,tlz= goHE oJuJ4oE roJE d= ,r.laJql Hl6fl "d. "JE a1u 15 qaJ+. qar4 roJsl+gE
^laJol
91"-HIJ= dg -E8ol Egdltl.. +ElE= 2J? |4ol raJil qlatr -=t + 9lrl. Ele
^leJel +"Jel "J+= +'JE=oil L|lol
loJ=9 8=0ll -HEJo| EJ + ilE= o-l= rlolrl. olal-d rllE= 6Jp ^l-aJ=ol
?Jr toJol 4oE flaJ.-;4 AgEJ + flrlEJ HJqe
#. 4-r tflol ".jeE E rl olait= +zl Erl. 5t= ^l=J=ol
4=EllEg='J= Lrg ollol r1=+tE
^l=J=01 = ^l.aJ=
^lelg
0laHaln -=t + 9,ltr|.. ^FJe ^fEl,

3il d.J "! "-|J€ 457

 i: -r-
-T-

j+
,,0
i4
i -JJ-

:*
i4

i7l
;E
ia

=:.---
iE
io
--;;
! u

458 | cnapter 3 d'J "l al|€

 ^J i .*i=j i+jFi,l . i5ie,+,=_,
€:zli94 +.flrol

idiqi^J zliqi=_i j==ioioj jB

i"Jigi *LrL
iE 4t*'zl '.+i9i;El
=.fl.ull
;---:-
r ,zl i+.g
i :-- i '*.H."J . i+i+t4 *i.ti i4
100

q.i j"J,+iqi+i ----

di.ditr +: i e i=i iti+i;ii

:ll.ii
oliL
Ht- 4:*tzl 'J.+.. izliLii "J1Si4; ^liEl i^J i

Elro F,^liql a,a,"t. "]i=j ,P;-B-jol iClA

4i
---l- i+j9l:zliY
i : i
:rl
: _rt .O
: _ ; :.r lqie +i+iql Hlq
zl ,€i4iHjrll
i

€;4IigjE 2l:4i
-rt f €iqizl :rll j jg
€_q"lE di*_i id,ei i^liB
+ol = ^lr*jgi l=;"1:+i
:zl'4
:_l:e

rI i .- !

"f:-l1l

A.o. 'a.*
a.gi.e

idi€}i"il
i:i io-jH-'"1 EI:
a! 4i': iQl.qrg
ia:-t-
ol i + i. I i : -- i --"
i
ol iEl i6J ,lliEi= Zlro,,l.tie+
u i L : : -'l i E
;j i;iei;j 4ieiHj
iit:,:

4:Al qlirl::rloio
E j 'f j. ! :L : E | -
E i j4,e;41
= ^li*i*
=,sjgi
zl i€i+igi
,ts,-=*' i^li*-iei isie
at--i---'i..--

^l i El j, i ol j a j ol
;^ljElig i"tiqli+rr
iiiiii
i tri :+ isl!E]
riiii:

3El €'J I dH€ i 459

?l7l gq(1H-50H)
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10

@ @ @ c @ @ c @

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
11

e A
\4 c 14 @ @ O) @ t<l

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
21

o @ \4 .") @ @ @ @ e
32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
31

@ e c @ @ @ @ A e\ c
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

@ \a l/ ) \4 @ a @ o\ @

& it * f I II,E\I
r Tt h ffrill +f+ 4 + Bt EI U H' - (e) z
I FR .

Zl {!6ftl'.
711!"J= 6ltf7f= UE= ( ).
^l+
o g9 ill6lrl @ %= zl Hsdltl inffi' X*t--"ffi
@ ?J= -Je7l glrl @ g= -?gfolt[
, Wfren the result is obviously predicted in one way with the
i '-(9)e 1l Hg6|.+.
-d5= EJ= ttfl $-9-+ qlAtEl= ?Jal7l oJLl= certain cause, you can use the expression
^l=Lil^l
olrle'-(o)e zl uJdf+= 1lE6||0t :cr.Lltl.
i tett a lie, lose credibilitY

15.1"J= 6ftf, tl8= 9Jtf

2 I Xeare+ ffi+Z+Z' T*sTffiI$atlhlffs*7 F!,e'*'E.

E,\lzJoll^l 1 ) EHJ
^lz-!ol ^lLJrf. 1
4 I- n'tfnli'l{
'J-! HJ IHJ€a f
e B+alzlt-l O B+dlE+
i

@ 8+dl.alE @ E+dftl-HL-l
Working at the library time has gone fast.

E^llJql,\l E+= 6ltl.7l E.Llzf /.lZ0l rlLJtf= a"JLltl.

=HJ , shortly, time goes bY

/.l7Jol
=HJ, ^lLftf

3 5'.F, 4iJ€ t jFm E' H H tH 4X f,t di E' rx lvB- + X

1&" 15- nJ"
ol €E= ++E ^ ^l
?i= Ate
^lr8
o €+Hrl Lirf e) A+g goltl *1R, T#+
@ €+af= ,iolrl @ €+E+E] ,'.14-.Jrt
The meaning similar to 'it was only a mistake.' is 'it is a

'd+o1l Erl6ftl.'= 'zlrf ol!l7l Hl+-'J A3'!+g +0ltL oJt-ltL mistake.

mistake, does not bother

d+, tle ^^^l ?J=tl

460 Chapter 3 5'J '! dl|€

 4 + XZ ffi 4VxE Ffi r)) ffi fr,W lq T 6& .
e= E ,l.l:elo f 17lnl q.4.at DF= rr.i].1-elrl
uvl T-= L-.:E ulLlELl'. fit:aTw
n\g Hao-t
| iH (D tr46l
| u zital
..tE
-u.\tl -
@ ++-=t ++oll (} ++_c, €EE The test was too hard that it felt like the time was tight.
e= E ++6Pil !74E €_EE cla1fl+= ?igLlrL
^Ee ^lr.l0l time was tight
++6ltl
^lzol

5 xf lar n+F't+62, 1ft]i E- WftiXBEA+F! Ft'{Rffi F.f

jFtiE.

Lt{€, +B€ts, r|x1go1

AtH+^l-= EF'J+flrll
qalE= olrlE= Epjatzt E^lrjl+Llrl.
R).rl
@ q-"J
'safety', 'driving efficiency' and 'design'
@ ol.tl (l are all explanations
^l€^f on a car.
oJtd, +gdts, rllloJe q
€E-=r "J6lE ?i="JLltrL
^l.E_^l_e safety, driving efficiency, prepare, subserve
Lfdd, +9d5, ,f+rl, E^lrl

6 -5 &tt' 1 I+ 4 tu\tr E f E,f u fi ! di E tr,6.

r3ql^l "*o16l= ol+ fry.E. t+ft. @^, triE, Rtfr
+4 dE9 4q EtTll=E-al.ofE,
dl^Jle.

o+qaE A
--,
so=Ed -'...
of€ The sound that is similar to our traditional sound is Korean
@
^.1^t
@ 5i =J5
classical music.
+al dSel Hl+Ei ae +qrgLlrl..
^alq ancient palace, tradition, Korean classical music, visit,
r3, t5, +ej, EJHJ, religion
=3

7 i FfU Ft A #EfrUH A,jttEr'JFre+ H.t*IIl"

. +rl| dElts +€olLlT.!-Eee, 5sl.=
.otqE oJo=. +a121^HoJLl7l^l
LHaJ +0ll 6H+^119. WE, F"h, FBEflX, lfifftBe, tsHf6
?J_== 5gg **,=
^ll-9..
'0HgE4 -etZl g t4l= EEH+40|1 ol56H+^lle.
=Gl^l
@ d^lEl rJaJ qltr
g 4=iE olE +^.1 @ +rll del^lE HJH
This is the rule which has to be observed when suing public
transportation.
EtIerE= 0lEEr ffll -=r +^lgLlrf.
^lzoF noiseless, vibration, the sound leaked out, turn down
+3, Tl5, Le:Pl ltl, EE= Lf+tf, dEqt4 the volume, designated box
^HolLlt

3El d'J "! ol|€ I 46]

I
.Jt!e.l olE ollxl
-g + 9l+Llrl.
dEl : 02-110-1102
O E^I gTLl| @ gg ?JLl|
@ oJLH @ +fl ?tLl|
^ll+
dEl E6l| slql^1 tt= Eel+ts a= +flolalz
-
:-JLltrl. ^lg-
4LJ4L171B, Il+, +fl, 1il$6lr.l
^l/.lE

9
rl6f=! 3gE(7lE !..?lE 7l=)

* 1qt -a=rlE Ege 7lE r5rfE egd 100901 +7fELlth.

O I'=7IEE 7lrloltrl.
@ 84Llol
=EE
15kmE ^ll
olE:6|.71 9l6tl^l= 700fl01 "Jea1q.
-1Okm Ol,solE Skmrlcf 100ful*zhsloe 800901 "J9
EILICI.
@ -.J fl"J + + 9t= a=7lE= 0lt6lE ^16l=1 0lEe7t -'JoJ

Etrl.
- -d EtrJ + 9l= agtlEE olEdtE 0lE-+71
=
+7lELltrt.
^ldlE
@ +71€"Jg 40km ol80J ,J?ec1 40km nloJ$ 3+0ll
^lal
dtrl.
- +71'89= 40km nloJB 3?e.c1aOkm 0189 3+0ll
alEfLlrl. ^l

E57fE, 84L1,'olEE, rlaJoftrl

=g.E,

462 | cnapter 3 €.'J "l o]|€

;ll ,\l
v|=
463
il
l3OJZ
Etrl. oPJ 7l|8,l.lze rlq 7^FEl
HJ 1o^lzlrlEl.
7|1g +qg eq+ flqE "Jal-dtl. 4+t oPJ
=Ed,
7ll8e EEF|I H6 il€loll^l 7l|8^lZEoJe
trl. El|?EelgAEe 6t4,6t+
alE|{ +aJ Eflg 1,s00801tr-t.

O e+Ae Ai^l oPJ 7l|8= 6l{ gEl.

+ e+Ee .8^l oPJ 7t|8= dl| 9^l g4t+Lltt (9= 30oJ+
El rt=g 11gzt^l13grJ 3+t oPJ7l|80l T!6JEL|tt.)
@ 4+t otz 7l|€| 3^la E?Ioltl.
€) 3+3 7l|8
^lZP++Ll E8-g + 9ltt.
EgJ

- 7A+t 7Hg^lA^l7J E?I ++Lh "J8-g + flGLlct. g-J

(e+=
oPJ7fl8e E+^l| Ea^|-?toll^l EEg E
'tl8 ^lZ
fl= !l-d--JLltrt.)
@ rJ=Z "JgEe fl8oil^l +01|61|0t -eIEl.
73+E g8fl= EEILJI ^]tr
qlE|]tr :stLltrt.
- +rt|6|{0t

ol7J7llg.71lg +E, Eet^l|, 98fl, EgEfl, 8^l'

4lebEl, trJal6ltrl

464 | cnapter 3 €'J "J oll€

12 O lh% trI D)xt h ft P +,,nwif#' "
@6 El X H,ffi E ffi t'-.'" 4+t?ft 'ffi
?lEe Edl EEol El^l Lr= 7[ilqFee,'.l dal
^lEoll - ET X H H. A fr\ r."" ff*k ft^.'ffi
4 a4g E7l ?l:d aol+. flqF4 rJalEJ -d,g 6'+lg @ lh * H 1,1'hf( fi. P qfi ft']nt +:'" ^"
-€.al'719lrl. 0l= ol^l7leJ^f0il11 7l& qF= El^l Ilill
qFoJ ?i^l=J FqoflE Ef^lel Hol
't= tr88 "5dtl. e+e
- Ih% Ext ta tr eH - F,ffi F!k1[Fn4 "
?iolal.E trJ^le.l E30l g:d€
@ IJ! hift RF-'E 4xf ,ffi #i++f E *4 Ht'P H"
e oJ6H zJrJ +lE|,l Ihq -'&RF--tr 4t,H A-ii ffi IPnh fi P + "
rlT.! ?i0lrl. =0|.€ -
O glqtg Cal4 E4= Ihz\, ,t+E-,&,R, i+!1, ffit+T
^lBql
o EJ^fel "J=ee= 6J^l.el E==tl. ^le-g +
Hrf.
+ EJ^lel Efioer trJ^fel E= + 9l+Lltl. O Placebo has a psychological eifect on the treatment.
^le-g
O 9lEoll= lrlle E:BF= trl^l= dEol @ The patient's illness can not be treated by the patient's
^lEoll
- flqe ^lBoll t6l EEol Elrl ?j= TfIIf =Gl9ttl.
qF"JLltl. belief .

@ flqr aal= oll|.7|- sJ^loil4l T]il| E= Fqg 4 LlElLJtrf. + The patient's illness can be treated by the patient's
glef Erf= ollfTf eJ^foll7jl Turf e+= Fq-g q LIEILJ
- belief .

Llrf .
@ Placebo actually has a component that has an effect on
the treatment.
9lE, dal4 E+, +q6Ef, Eol 'ltl. + Placebo is a fake medicine, which doesn't have any help
on the treatment.
@ The effect of the placebo shows when the doctor medicates
a real medicine to the patient.
+ The effect of the placebo shows when the doctor
medicates a lake medicine to the patient.

placebo, psychological effect, medicate, get well

't3 )tr1!' Ffr D)',' IEE',' Ffi D)'+ UfiF S Effifr\)tlr'E "
"J
(rf)
(7f) rat|^l +42 ^ll-'*+= aol €4Ef +E (7 t) Ffi D) &,i+ + i^h RE wfft
^ERtrW+H4Aitr. 44iHr#i4T"
otrt =+-l-
( € Utr+ift filiHtr?B 2*1t.ffi Etn, EA+ry*/F-.
al)'fE
(Ll) 4al^l Oilqa3 trE7l E+ -d oll||e E= aol
^lz eiE/tr-. E^B E. ift'f.AiRtr.
6-t.
(Ll-) /'Im, fiflffifiwfriftr,fFH
/rl.\
\"t/
gEH^o -!.o
EL
i.ll-?rill r.l Hl-AEr[ -f4.Ht x A.
=uol -l^u-t.
(al) 6l^lDJ ollclz= '*3 8Ee ^l+4o+ ^l
^lLl^lll q= ?J7l.,4i1E== go 6HRtr, ++2*, *ffi, eilfl/F, ,1K44ffi'fi
E6[= a3 'J"JE,
z+ ?trf.
-,
One can put it in a correct order by 'so', 'however', and
'therefore'.
'rat|^l', '61.^lU', 'ttfzlll' 5= 56ll,\l +^l= HleZl Llg:g +
o l-^t lrl (tf) Insomnia originates from a high temperature.
/rt\ HEH=-q -L.q ill-qnll r-l Hl-a-Elrl- (zl) So it may seem lowering the temperature may be a good
\"t/ -r^r-r,
=eol
(71) raH^l +^z ill8='J+= aol 84-g +E ?lrf idea.

(af) ol.rltrJ ollclzE rl4xlzll 'fE 8-=e =rl.-r- (a[) However, continuously using the air conditioner in a low
^l+4o-+ ^186l=
a= F5, 'JgE, q= 'J71, "Jee + ?lrl.
temperature can cause headache, air-conditioningitis,
(Ll) qal^l qlqz3 af=71 I+ -d ^lill3==
0lLHe ei zl0l $rf. summer cold, and hypothermia.
^lz (L[) Therefore, it is better to turn on the air conditioner one
hour belore and after going to bed.
EE=, rl+4oe, F5, ggg, rlillE=
insomnia, consistently, headache, air-conditioningitis,
hypothermia

3sl €.J "! 6H€ 465

14 E"fE E'.' e,+"' HE'+i-"liEEl xfF i Ef ftlrFl7.
( at) ti * F! A )lLtF. 4 at iRffi H gt + x i.Y'fif HttunE ldx9- .
(7|.) atsl€o| E+E7f Hl+lr. (Ll) IlBrn tulAltLrAfi' I'tr"
=E-'JE+= =^lElE^l "
?l= Eolrt. ( Lt) fi' E,{Fn FX E F',l r't ltLl€),y4t-ffi tplFn Ef tr F!'f lH.
(Ll.) Btr E+7|.?ttE rrl|= E+ oJfle +7F=
^fE6fE= (7 D 4+ vtbhro F€iL€LJ H'l+H -_EEN fa G E.
fl86t7lE -drl.
(tl-) olrltrJ 7lgEol Ll '+^l'= 36|-r. 9ltl. W6, Elfr.h, I G, =FE#nFn, rri*, r€i!.
^l=3
(at) atz 7lE-=? g+= ]lqe .€d-et= E
==
7f6l= 3+71 tr9ttl.
=E
One can put it in a correct order by 'however', 'sometimes

'd[^loJ', '-617lE -.Jtf, '-= doltf 5= El6t|u\l +^1= Hle4l do-', and 'consider to be-'.
(a[) Past companies have evaluated diligence and earneslness
L|.E--J + gl+Llrl.
g+= 5t4e through the number of attendance.
(at) rtTl 7lg=3 E7f6l.=
?s+71_ .Fj?,trl. == =E'5d-ct= (t[) However, now days, companies themselves recommend
'resting'.
(rl) df^ltrJ 7lg=01 Lf^l '+^l'E fl6|-.r. 9ltr.
^l=e
(Ll.) Etr E+7|.Ett= n|l= E+ gFlE +7lE fld61.
(Ll) They even promote using a leave in front and back of
oJLl.
^l36lE+ holidays as a long weekend holiday.
/lE
(zl) fne cultural landscape is changing as creativity is more
(71)
=E-BrHits
d9dol e lElE^l E^=E71uf+lr 9l= d0ltl..
emphaslzed than diligence.

6teld, EAs, Etr E+, €€-'J, fl6f6ltl

=E:Bt, diligence, creativity, cultural landscape, long weekend
holiday, earnesi, recommend

l5 trrg'ftjE" "fEE"'tr[h'+E] xflFsEffikl[F'tr"

( Lf) ft jE-/(E tula + m 4lfi w %,x'l+tr fr.H *Hifr 2t.
(71.) dl.^ltrJ +cj^l= g^fal= g^|-al7f
(7 l) ItrFX+WrtF#ltF_lK&68,'fft t&z\.
rl]rf+olrl. ^1+aJ'^loJ=
( al) F € rxf fr X ki E tr rk !'l+t1 X\lL+FfrZtWn
U
"
(Lf) 5l= r+al ,J+Etr qd=01 rHTl +^lldoll Ll^l
"s.:
( +) a*H, f,! x+wk,tt, h +rw D)k{+tr+ F',!^ffi H
f, oltrl
! Met.
Et{tr.lt,S"
(tf) ?4]011 Ll.C qdol=q "i
At'J+ ioll 4-d='J
o_e €gAfEH= ,J+6fr. glrl=^l+
oHTlrl.
1ft&68, {ftt&^, H+|fi.AnWfr', ).4W, T{114,
(af) ol-" E6|| q€ €gEol At66f= oiolalLl-d 8EJ0l | ,+ iE i+. tfi+=iF
: r'J

Eq^lr 9lrl.
'El=', '6l.rloJ', 'ole oJ6H'== E6l|,'.I +,'.l= Hfell Lfg-'J + i One can put it in a correct order by 'recently', 'however', and
'through..
ol-4r lrl-
(L[) Recently the women with higher education but a career
(Ll) al= r+al eejEtr qd=01 rHTl +r.lddql LNr ?i+.
(7 l) 6l^ ltrJ +01^ l= g^l.al= rl+aJ' g^lal7 | t||t|-+o ltl. discontinuation are up front looking for a job.
qd ^loJ= (7[) However, the jobs ihat are available are all low skilled
(al-) ol.e.
"J6H lgEol S66t= ofolalLl-.J 8g0l Eclrl
i oltrl and low waged works.
(a[) Therefore, there is an lronical happening of an increase
(tl.) +^l0ll Ll.d At3+ q€01 tH-d EDJoE
=q "! ^l+
Eoll
in women unemployment.
€gArEH= e+6fr ?l+= 0H7lrf.
(c[) lt means that many ol the women who are looking for a
job are enduring the unemployed from the dissatisfaction
r1+aJ, z-+al, 3+trJtr, tflt|.+, !gE, ^l+,
^lg=,
gEJol 801^lrl. of wage and treatment.

low skilled, low wage, higher education,

career discontinuation, majority, unemployment rate,
treatment. a situation happened

466 Chapter 3 €'J "! "=||€

 t6 t+4t+H LV, ) L+ lffi F_k )Lffi ltf' Ft, :g.F-B h ) L+ Lr,!.
)LZ.*2SA+H fi,ttrtr.
+Lt| ggEJ 0l0l= A7oy"= Gxfolo;g zlo+
^ILJ6|j
LfElLJtf. qol "JsOl dEsl5 a3llel dHJ4o+ olE
E+= E= cE6l= 3-BFol LlEl.Llr flzl rrlgo+ 5oJ ffi+, )iafri), ffiH, tr+-xn, at+ xE, Hr6
EJrl. _!! rfzel -Jal olEol r}|= ol0lol -drl= ol^.lE
E^f dlqtbtl^lz fleq, ( )g4s BdE nlxl= ao+
H;r o lrl
Through the social tendency of preferring daughters over sons
Afei luJlo+ OlE=Erf .S= dE6l= A-BFoll E-BF= !lTl ?ig means raising a son is much harder than raising a daughter.
0E0l .sHrf 7l+7j :d=rl= ?igLlri
adoption, regardless, rarity, preferred, leading the
gg, AFrJfi.ol, 6lB-+dlrl, dErlrp, dgf= 0l=ol7lrl., household, get married
I lxlg r Lrt

17 Ftr+F B! Ht'f+-&Atl& E . B! +fi+rfr i,f * r,fieR" E

rL?,, D)ifi *-+fr\1EH H,H,!ft 7 +R.
€Ctflll=ql( ) qt.+t-at ErHoJ HJ, It, EF, .SB Ft

tH= 7lE'+eJnPl+a -.Jrf. +=J. _HE -

Ll.olu
zl|EGI Z3= 7lflilrl. +aJl|]7l= gF= ^f^lol
Egf +^aJ
-E.F', +, +T, f^+, t\.uts, trt+., EfrFn+, rd,
=
(=7lsl g6)01 Llxl trJal= olnl0llll g6l|firl.. _!E-Lf llH= 4, rJb,lE

fl= ttll 'E!t'dl-= {aloll +l|=ol E"JZrl.r "Jflri. Usually during breaking the nuts, people broke the number
=af
+zJtHTl= -g rrl|= HE LlolDJ= ilfl=o1 ,J2JE 71fl:d+ of their age to wish for their health. Therefore, the meantng
^lcolHl=
Lltl. qai,tJ -Lr 6Hol ZAE of breaking of the nuts was to wish for the health on another
*oil^l +zJnltl=:d+r -g
- | ol4r
4H-tEt.
lrl year.

ECTHE=, Er|], "J, It, EF, ,S=, +zJrH7l, +^aJ, the day of the first full moon of the lunar year, fruit,
77llEtf, E"JTlrf chestnut, pine nut, walnut, peanut, break nuts, boil,
bit on, run away

l8 Fn iH tu W't+tE= E k! {t R,Fii E fit N +

- Tfi /& !i fl ii H ft
,fi F! Ft'f4,
*5+i ET nr,+E++bt&+ffi +H/n,"
^iE^l7f
=drf. ^l+LJ
+g=0il21 FB ?t= HllE.
FB ?4Jg ?1, ol.aHTl_Ho17l rtHE0ll
dol|=ol
^f+,
€-H.q Ltdoll I'Jdl3q6Pl tr|]$oltl.. HJE "JHJ +4lg IK,+ry., r€qEN+, fH=, zrfiEH, tLf . ++t+
HlaJolEq g= Tfalzl EIE ( ) 9l--JdolAr-Jdltsrl.
OlH 3gg Fg +^l _fl=€
^lE^l=
o _+ e1r|1 -sf ^lH
rl= ^l4retr
rl. ^l+ When it is windy, the normaj
umbrella gets in the way ano
4 zlE_r 0 |

obscures the view and it becomes dangerous when one canr

"JHJ +,!l0l Hf-Jol Eq "J= )lJ:lAl qq fl-ddol a.J6l +-e see an obstacle or a car.
deJS 30HE0lLl-^FJ 5ol Eol^l ?J= agLtrl
lower grade, transparent umbrella, considerably, test
FB +{t, AtBdl, EB, EE, operation, supply, consisten|y
^J-+Ll, ^lH ^l+4ee

3El €'J "! 6fl€ 467

119 2Ol-
3C "Jrlrl= 4l^l 71301 qlLJoll Hl6t| 5E7FJ ts?ttl. ( ) 4C 4^l 71301 + Eqd+. LJulTl.
^oll =d++171.*olq
,J^l7l +?lc ,iolrl. ole oJoH 1,oo0ha ol.8ol rl+E717ltrl6|1= E E"Joltl. '-J6H=
gGl += + glTl ttt|=oltl.
qlg= +l6H 5"J=3 rl.+ +Holl LJe= €^16l= E tfg-.J gHE *r ?lq. =01 =!=
'J6H

l9 gtJ t$t :s,ft {ft eiRA H -'Lb, E V! F 4n &.lt-1ffi.-

=
F
3E "Jzl-^l= 4l^l7l30lts9,trPl4g 50ll5l^l 7lPolq Eqd TT KT* T " Wk&tfrE Effi tu\E*:lft€\ E €'"
o E e HJZql='ral ql' 7 f 7 l-= a0 l rfg,\ aJ+Ll tl.
=Gl ft'fftiHE, ;E+, 6.X, ffi'6, ffiiqlAfi^
slrl 7lE, qlLJ. LJ6|1, trl6|]= E d'Joltl.
=c+91, Until the end of March, the lowest temperature was high, and
in early April, the lowest temperature dropped suddenly,
'however' should go in to blank.

lowest temperature, this year, the last cold snap.

cold-weather damage, predicting to be harmed

20 ott
O L+? al+E)Vl nl6fl= E?,ttf.
=d+9lE .pj3 rl+57l-7|- trl6l]= E E'J"JLlrl.
- tr 6+,1?if 4 RFI t<X+ ef:iJ+fr 9<
"

- =c+fle @ E trrlflJ F Ih tr fr{ft -.,ffi A-L+.

Ur' 4

@ 3Eoil^l 4ge LJolT|-q a^l 71301 ts01.f.t1.. -^B E E[f:tJ F k\.fr &lKft iHAA'f
r^.B 4 ft "

-3?oll^l 4Ee LJqT|.q A^l 7lEol +olf#Llq.. 9 E rA fit a.HF*A7+Rfif TA24 R+.
o +E a.tr]ol ?J^l7l +91^lE Ll+71 E0|l= ",!= + g.ri. @ I T TT ffi7+gaRffiE H +T€iRBEq''HX'JRT8A41"
@ g6l| qlHJ= Pl6H rlgLf+ +E= ttl*6i41 61.= ?,i3 LJ
- hT lnww€4Rixf JE tr+rEiHFEq.Hxl R+rf €ff
=^l
trt. u"
-'J6|] qlHJ= 916|] rfoJLl.+ +E= ttl=6|./l 61.= ,i3 EE
0l EJLlrl. Rtxt& . lnlfi. EnJ, H+frX, tft47+,
TAz#R+
rl+57l., qlg, +8, trl6l|= -Etf, 'zJrl7l ++lrl+,
grl|= += + s.rf Oue to the last cold snap, many fruit farms were damaged.
O
- lt is predicted that due to the last cold snap, many fruit
farms will be damaged.
@ The lowest temperature has increased from March to April.
+ The lowest temperature had dropped from March to April.
@ The tree can not bear fruit when the surrounding environrnent
gets cold suddenly.
@ lt is not good to keep the surrounding of the tree warm
to prevent from the cold weather damage.
- To prevent the cold-weather damage, keeping the
surrounding ot the tree warm is helpful.

' fruit tarm, prevention, surroundings, damaged, sudden

i cold, can not bear fruits

468 Chapter 3 5'J "; 6tl€

 121- 221
q7l zE-zf a EEl|qI "JEol glqalEBdiE^J ole|-zJaJEJ eg.-lr glrf. 'J=.
4+^le 'J5 +A'J+L|=4 gHJ gg+E 4fl^lu 5l=el 'l^l=0l
"J=3
^lEdlzl
ggErJol 7f5-d +HJrl"lz
.J"J,=4
+A"J o
( ) EEI-= =+71-
1E6lr ?lrl. 4al7f zE-Lr i-ilrl.HJTJE rritr =4
Llol.E qq^l zHJ= EJt6,l.=
E-r-L XiLr. =Hl6l^l ^l^lrflE_e.-e ^Hl^f=ol

21 #.eW.Wrt+*rp.&t# : thw, #w,'IDtlF+

"
gel EEHT| +"J, .Jg, ++g"J 5o-+ rlgtdl|fi+Llrl..
=4 .ffiTltrh*m+,
H {RIX,.E, E AF,r+, fttrv,tfr.,
Afe-HE, 4al7 | ZE6lrl., e36El., E-trry.ft
^l^lrH8, ^lEo-lzl
Esl= ZEE6ftl-
There are many types of instant foods such as rice soup. bowl
of rice served with toppings, and fried rice.

Keep at a room temperature, simple cooking, substitution

meal, compete intensely, repeat change

22 rxErf +f4''+ M# lIBH tfui*,€t fi X tr ilInkly.k E

0l ,J -dEflsl HJ=ol 9!qa|- Ll.ElLJ EEl.otl H!-KF.
rH-d =3 =4 =d6l.E^l
=gLlrl.
r6Afr, #+n,'XDW., ffi+trr€rt'n, fttrfrrn
+4 "J,
.;"J, ++3"J, Ztr-d E^1, 9.!rq.al Eg6.l.rl
This witing is about the changes happening from the appearance
of instant cup foods.

instant food, bowl of rice served with toppings,

fried rice, simple food, appear after another

3il E'J "! 6l|d 469

123 241 -
Ll= Glrll+=J +8011^l trJaal hr7 eJrf. dE+g trJ4a15^ltrJe] atrloHeJE -JL 9ltf. +al ?]+
=:d7l.8E=
-d(iF)E €^lg'J ofLlal^loJ=ol#4 4-eoll+E =J-L fl= a0lrf. $+a1q13 Tlgzf *3, E^fel.6H+, 6C,=+sl
q+,
7l.ELl EJaal= 0l=0lLl7i= 7i0l 0lLlfltf. ^FJ,
zJr-4=E'€tf, 'g,q+'
_LE 5ol +ol 9lrl.
iorrll= LrorH +Loqe ^1tr
=Eoll 7\iluta/il ot=o.l7l-;r ^4E
olfltl. =rl^ltrJOlal-.J E+l7l0ll 4361-11 3:411. al-rltrJ Lf-E
=ot
rHnlorr.ll u=vtl t4 a l+'
o:l TEjl\[= -:st oJ=
^l30ll=
il_
='gl

23 't+', 'ttl*'+t6trn&1XfnFtf,tr+ElFHAl+tr€H,8, E
'=rf, 'g/,rl?'5el+"J^H= -:= ri3 EE= r115l?,l1l oJ=+r. t 2kEFiltl#'F'!'L''lF€'HX'.
=do.Ee
"J= r! +-=gil LlElt Lle.l C€3'=Zrl7l4=-ctLlrl.. 1

trnEJr , j.nFE, t+h+#, +R, l$Xft, 1E2fi,

+=J +er, EJAal,5eqot, €,\l, Eleot|+, I g*F,s, d4ffi, uxffi*r,4q-=RrfiRpa
6l|+, +g^H, E9l7l0ll 4tf^loJ,Ot|eJ, i

Including rejoinder such as 'good' and 'Hurrah!' makes the

concert exciting. Therefore, the underlined emotion should be
'excited'.

i national theater, Pansori, traditional muslc, common

i people, joys and sorrows, emotion, share emotion,
i humor, rejoinder, in the mood

24 i o i4rEEiLrEiEfi dl4nffiiEH.
o oJ+4= ol=Gl7l= 8golrl. i + iJi,lEEii,FEiEFfFflA-EEI4FftIiFH.
^4Eol
lJ44= :ct4l
ol=ol7l; Bggqr1. , #,&Hlltxl€7itr,lEifiU.
- 4alitr1rJ,-Iol
|
@
@ Ll.= EJal;u;5os EJ^al E9trl. - EEEnEJInNElintE&
E]/-EJInt[,a 7 ].i,!EiE H.
=iE=-Er?,taLl+
+atql^l oJ+a; 3E= O iiFEEMiEIT.E&T+T+ffi"
- =aJ
@ -Jlaloil= qal 7f^l ,Jd=01 gltrl".
@ &. 'frrhriltrli f i.drE++ H*1*1F,"
@ Lf= il=+El oJ+.a| =0f 43=i{rf.
59"1 E+1710il . - &-Ith6.HtrETii,!Et+Hil1-=-a.
- Lf=
^l=oll=
trJ4al 5;.o18+l7loll436f^l==*+Lltf. i

I ii,rEyFfi. &f+. fl+fr. w.f-L,l€B

4eli4, qal 7l^1, Ol=q7lq., ,J€=01 +0l9lrl i

-1 Pansori is a performance which the singer leads.

, - Pansori is a performance which the singer and the
audience lead together.
i O t nave watched the Pansori on TV.
| + | have watched the Pansori at the national theater.
i 0 Vany emotions are melted inside the Pansori.
i 4l I adapted to the unique ambiance of Pansori lrom the
i beginning.
: - | could not adapted to the unique ambiance of Pansori
: at first.

i singer, various, lead, emotions are melted inside

47O Chapter 3 €'J "! 6l|€

 25 E tr,) + td,IL h T WH X frt X M n m W n tr )?t, Effi W
\L,l
T+"

AEJSE= 8^LJsl 7lq+ gcF= rl^l= tl+Arel goJ ffit t+, t^Lfr, id,+Lha;€
Olt lrL ^lo-loil

Sugar drink is the reason of the teenager's brain damage

and
€EJg-+, +At, 7lq+ rl"=t affects the memory failure.

sugar drink, damage, failure in one's memory

26 I w#laffi.^El 84.#F Btrgrr, HC6&qFH tt triEFt/\tr

I itJTW*I'r+ffi.
Z€^lel o-llelTl=o1
=olLfE^J
r|jtr= gzl Elfl+Llrt.
el+ol= +^i-=r + ?= j EFfr4}'frth, trffi,^a, +#, trffiE
+l-.J ^l=Jol
^h,
i As the overseas expansion increased in the construction tirms,
"-flelT.l=, "JaJ, Z€^1, 8., rfltr= Ert, r the ones who can command of foreign language are valuably
I treated.

overseas expansion, manpower, construction firm,

annual salary, treated

27 . Whl!&.F.€f filF trtE W4L{"ffinl4*, frEwltrfl18E:rt

gd^ z€_+ r"!E EJ7J ,ga, : tlE',tfgTAft'"
"Jt^ Z€-+ ?Jafl :,{ g o 1 trJ3o I ggEl_z ?1rl= rtE .E€' o al
I H.#,r, NW, 6fr1A, HIfiffi{/A
I+Ao= | ftrflH4l trl
=
it has expressed the environmental pollution on the mud flat
"Jd4, :19, 4nlEjt|-, BEol fleJdlrl- due to the power plant construction as ,fever,.

power ptant, mud flat, destroy, supply smoothly

28 i af *,H* xffiEa26& lp,R 4 R t ,,\ F.t,F/n,, 5 rsf+

F.! B.t

+-"71 HH+^fLl+E /.faJ=oll/l 6|]ot g r"J Ar.J= i 4'{,ffiW'tk&jE tr' [fi ffi ffi gE5BlF'.
F!

0f0l01lzl #$49_+ df= ,J+71?lrl.

+E7f
==6.|.r
eJ!6t| Eol= rlt-lollzl €C4o+ el^l6l= ?iolrl.. o-1.^l
61frJ28., z1F,t$6!, ffiE, Affii+_rtp&+, ffir1i,
Et x1r-1 q^l +E0ilzl 34 +alr dl gl_+ ,Jr d3 ZRIEN
nl.g.nl olrL _rElr.t
urEwr -rt=t /\ \/ L|==fl,\fg$
^iLr. ^ EIJ Atrl4lq=
The most close word to the child's character of tookino
0t0l= detEf Folle xp41g trl8g g EE6.frl *-drl.
j confident, mature and looks after the adult's emotion first, is
elldll -Eol4 q==el ad= fl^J aftrl= ololol E^J : by hiding his/her own desires and
-6ir
al )vtl€ a3 'q++ ,J€g #= il|',gLlrl.
emotions'.

counsel of trouble, habitually, mature.

ffJ ++4o-e, ollo-lrl, €d4o-e qrloEl..
AtH, depend psychologically, behave like a spoilt child.
34 +el+, gtrlri test the water
^l€=

,,
z
=
3il €g I "-Hd 471 ,:
:.
29 : 1{ ffi ,it t E tE ffi ), E friffi/}- ffi E'iE n 4,f& s N s tril E s,, r* -5
r A-d"#wX 'HEfE'fU"
4€ Ll lE?l Z^l u |.r(SNS)E 7 oJ=O I ,\l.sl=^ll 0ll tH -.J
H
"ril4'sNsH
ola= 4al6fq qE:ddel +iil7lE + 9t= gq
== : fli6l1.y1/,z, +1+, #eh, gQfiS*, h\l:k, ffif,lWffi,
+fltf. df^ltrJ r trE+Oll Hlot|,\l +!-.J ,\ft Z=4E /'d4<E,l|i
7le7l +€ol -'Jal4oJ 4E= gdlal g6|I6lts e+E ?l
tf. ol-=. oJ6H SNS +doll g== i-e /.Fa-IlEol .t,t +
ol8aJ= E,sE LIEILE 9lrl. SNSOll 4erJ= !
=01=ogl (
z )srus rp1qe5 6fr. fl= aol+. I A SNS user said self-reducing the usage is called SNS diet,
^|.a-^lEOl
sNs -^,\e olEaJE aE sNS rfolol=7p i and it is similar to'lessening the usage of sNS and breaking
-iloq^l€:Il7l
ol= 'sNs olEaJ= =01=rJ4l= €zl6f=' )lal 7lu i up with someone '
=olTlLl
formation of public opinion, main agent, ripple eftect,
q=ed,+ill,trEial, /.HZa -LJ)le)l,g=El7l i lact verification' separate into groups' feel dislike'
tl, 9zJ= trlal6Ef

30 +t6il1 U AZH tr A+ fi E 1ffi=F i,E tr "

+al c5 -dgol 8=J4+= +ol-= + ?ltl.. xE\+, t:|a. EFtft., fitE, tl'1, iE-FiEtr, t
-d^l= ^Heoll^l=
Ezf^lzrl. 0l=3 += iltl..
=q=4 =71= =0lLl4 aEol 4E '=\+ft
Lt|TlelelTlol ETlFrfgil
=qE3
E -drl. -d^l Hl,487lel g?J=71= 4trdl=
==01=
=JEl q-g= -sfrl. Hf= d0ll^1
=E=drl-d^l ==01=
golLlE qalTf E+r 7il|J+-.J 0l+71-.J+ rH-+Tl'zir
^fr. ( I lt is said that dirt bricks are air permeable and can control
9l= ) rr|]E?l aoltl.
^l-=4tr715 r humidity.

371 +zlel a-E 4.tre1 7l=01 9l+r =.JaLl+.

=E=e i Oorestic science, dirt bricks, traditional Korean paper

8grl.-+, -sf^|. LH7l, el7l, aE= 4tr6ltl. i nandmade from mulberry tree, indoor air, outdoor air,

6/l=
=q=,
tr!l^l7lLl
1 control humidity, air permeability

3'l | fr.4fr_ffi +fr4fr€i$E,fFH T 9,f.4 E'! **Em d I E fi'!, Fn Uffig-

llllE +AfoleJ "JHJ4etr oJill LH EIE 5+E

i E=Itr5tl5E=Ie'ft,R.
4rf6l] af/.lzoll zTl trltrErlB oJ6H ^r.l9
g€-dtl. zf^l8
tgel 0oz 0lar3 €=EJ EaJ +trJoll^l TloJEJrfr -drf.
i n/[FJ, nqfr\'wtrfrzh, rF.fi/&M, €dtr+, rlft^fit,

/\.+^ol-ot gAfel=3 zllf8 +,soll^l

| 94++#H, Etr
=alE+raJol6
-?.d= oJ^l6H +ddf= );-ol71:t -drf. ol^laJ
rf^h8 +A|9'.t!i]l 7t+1€ LJ+ Llol=96|.+r gqLl= ?t
^[E:dq
017l rflEol Pl6H^l= illal= P^l6l.E^lE ( ) r+ Overuse injury happens when a body organ is used too much.
nl Eloil-rl ^lE=
vt
=!vtqt. Therefore, there is a need io get enough rest after a right

gqLl=,i0l7l amount of workout.

rl.^fE +Ate Uil TlaJE Ll+ .FJol
^lEdtq EJe-slLltl.
ttl|Eoll 4trdl 356|-r. +^.1= +l6la1= Lalol
muscle, tissue recovery ability, fatigue effect, sports

q+ qeErl, .^E=ol-+, oJAol, medicine, clinical, body organs, caused

=q. ^^lel =aJ,
dill 7lzJ, TloJElrl

472 Chapter 3 5'J "! .-lI€

 32 O ift2+l8ffitr.T+F.8futrffi"
@ llfr\+i{,fi EIF ,f,tffi .
EJ^df;E Af,, AEJ g++ gtl6lEl EJ^-Br+g hfrt+ H
-f,
-
0l e0% 0lAt?] d+rl. eE= e€el10Hfl €++ lll^ltrJ - 6f2+
@ ffi?+ ffi fr\ 4--E't?,+t\ % E HrEtr &, 58.
+zl= SEel 20./"011 Erlo-lrl. 7fEr. aETf tsrlELl
ZaJsPll ttl= flHITH.Nol|-l0lllslEJ^H|1= rJ^ E - ft EE-dEtr t!, tr"
ffi.2+ #LL+ru
^l|E @ BrR?+ WfrI lltt&Hl?Z^ + 4E t*,ffi .
alE rrl. -d^H EJ^d+el t1213 treel e+ 6H|] €E_+
Hlillrl$ 2030Ll0ll= E 2HlJ +=rf^l .sGltr -
H Eft +E + il\Efrt+ ffifi ttr l4 + +fr ffiK
. I 07, DJ t.
EJrl.. 0l0ll t+af I EJ^a+
'ioE qlAf
EEE 10%
^llzl4ee
0l8sl r€801 qlatsJrl. ^lg3 Efrt++, Eifr, ffi, R++, €H4, +W#, #.rfrIL, *.
#*t ffi
o EJ4d3= 43, 4EJ= ?e_e DJ=olTlrl.
o EJ^d+el .JE3 ol||6lEJ4= BH=-.Jrf= rlolrf. (l The raw material of making carbon iiber is petroleum and
EJAA?ts oltlelil^ HH= Z^' ErlTl ELlrf
-EJ^A+= coal.
@ dEe4 +zl= +Z^l'J A_E= qF6El. @ The weakness of carbon fiber is that it emits carbon dioxide.
' EJ^d+= ,Jtre4 TlEa ?JE7l tsAt-lrf. + Carbon fiber reduces the emission of carbon dioxide.
@ EJ^C+= 7l4ol Hlul Tlol AtSElxl pjE I.Jolrl.. @ Carbon fiber is heavier than steel but it's solidity is wearer.
+l EJ^A+ EEE 10% oldfe.l r€dol - Carbon fiber is lighter than steel and stronger in solidity.
^llzl4o+
qlAFEJLlrl_ ^133 @ As carbon fiber is expensive, it is predicted not to be in
use.
EJ A+, 4+, 4EJ, 38, -sr'+g, + The use of carbon fiber is predicted to be in high growth
'J4,7:zJEl. EElTlid
with 10o/o of the world market.

carbon fiber, petroleum, coal, raw material, percentage,

steel, light weight, improve fuel efficiency

33 o jfr Ern&trt6+,fF E B!FqF"

@ iF+rr+ ++44-6F+tr1-.
tsETlLJE 17eE?] += q=
d|.7 ts^t|Eal|rl=
E^ll=01 3zl
=t5a
fl= a-g.e ++LJtl. q= tr^H - r€trr:!ffiX+464f!tr"
=q=r @ ft #. rE *4 i+ts + - a F + E +i6 6 ir.
+710l^lal E#-d 13 taJIlTl= r.alo-lrl Lle 4all7l
€4'7|.3"-l|E UEEJ ?i0l TElfloJo+ gdlu gltl. 4l^ll -
Hl,JrHTlol A+ 6|iEirl4-6C qEA o-|? grH= @ ilfr+E Eh x*2t A+h fr! ItRtrt 6ffi rtu/il.,'.
*01 fl^l-el +l 7E 60ll rrl|-l=rll ^l+d
ol zlzS,uaJlTl €a7l - + +\1<*21fr, +U fr\HItX tr l'd.ie=thjffi,,)- "

0lFl^lfl^l taJq g6t|= g=tf= rioltl..

T*fi.km,.fF-q, F4pHt'XE, #ffi88, e$., XrE
o gallzl
34= ts^Hel 36H-.Jrf.
@ a4t184= 1LJ e 4-6E ^JEt= ol+oiTlrl. O Cleaning up trash interrupt the migratory bird's spawning
- == 5"-l| +
0l g g.E ^foloiloJ
LHEgLlrf. peflod.
O flrllHlelHTlE ;11n1.r; a-6E Zoll qEa= q'Jrf. @ Trash cleaning happens only from April to June in a year.
+ 4lrllHl30l|7lE agn1r1 7g 4oll qE,JE rrlLJL|trf. - lt can not be known from this writing.
@ dETlLJEe Etr ?1+ @ Littte tern leaves the Nakdong river every April to June
^l€El=q=
-* dETILJEE ef= =^||=01 =cl=r ?+Llrl
E^H=o1 rzl yearly.
=q=? - Every year, the little tern leaves the Nakdong river early
: dETILJE, tlal^|71, July.
fl^.l6l.rf
=^H, ^l^llHl'Jnt|7l, =a6l+, @ The birds deslgnated as a natural monument are decreasing
gradually.
+ Summer migratory birds that are looking for a natural
monument are drastically decreasing in number.

natural monument, migratory bird, spawning period,

little tern, drop sharply, breeding

3il €'J "! 6|T€ 473

34
EE --Jdl ,^^= tH-+€r.l ,\ta *-Ll80ll1l
^11016l+471 rt^ll
++gr.9lrl.
Ell= EZ€ EE-.lts'J+E e= Et|d Ee 8'zJ +4:d
gaJAol
0l glrt
oe EIt grltrJ Ertolr. #rl gJ!.,

o'111016l+!= 7|+n+ +1= -8361'= '2ioltt.

-'Iilq6l+4'= 7l4ol of'J EtoJlt +1= 8+d= a"J
Llrl.
@ e.4.zr.4o1r-1 cllllrt|= EfoJr+ +1=
g+:'Jtl.
. - gtr|.\tsolLl ttllttlloll= C=+01 dLltl.
qE =^t
t1
@'^11016l+!= 6tzl €Ag0l7l +6-o-l|T!tr'
+ ol E-.|| g + S,= r-llEELltrl.
==
@ flt||9.!- eol golE 82J= ?;a dol:'Jtt'
=C4oJ
ELl8, Ee ++-d gaJAol, trlEol €tri
^la =2,

35
UE6frt gr
r. EiZ6tZLh +4olLt ES9 016l|+1171"*0t EC
=E
6H7ffi ol==2+?71=6l|d aol+. r-elLl0l=oll tfl-'J
€E4.84 r|ge zol gltt. rE-d
E= tr{l^ll4 ?l^lE ol- alE:dtrf.
d gqLt= tsatolTl trt|Eotl
^1l4l4o+

HlETt=E Hl+-d 7[E-rllEE EF]Oll tt|6l| EaJ +al {l

^l4e-e
-dqr 6[a gl+Lltl.
Eel ?.1^l= TtlCoHot
^lEdl
Hl=71+, trtl^ll4 gl^i, 7hE-r1lq -i€^lgtl, 7l|'s6ltf

474 | cnapter 3 I'J "f al|€

 36 t:F D) )L+ )r ffi \t 4## + tr k I+1,F'E KtrE H XA kI it,
qlE+Ej 3rll7f olalg^lE q€=el 2Jopl N ix+e,:ur{}E#"
^.71E
ofT]rt= +€01 9,trf. 0l= 37lEgoil 4rl4a1z19149
+H+oll fl71 rrl]=oil garJ ?tr b0ll Ef r!l= olr_1.,.1E5
*tfiTR-=t iHfr,L,IE, F&,t,lF, +ffi, IfutlHfr
oIE"-H ol+0Jl^Jfl=rJl, g4oil^l
^Eldal=
trHdgzloll^l ^E-dtf=
elE{o+ 0lll-\4E-= +B^14 trJ|1=
=
+Tl^lzrl.= +ar= E^lr ?,lrl. s. rl= olf;.e= 4re
0ple;!o+ TlEle.l€ ,tlE6lTl rrflEojl ElLl.\ZEol EJo|l It is proposing many different perspectives about the myth
7l-E=-drl.= olzolri. behind the reason, that the length of the skirt shortens wnen
the economy gets bad.
zlll7loJelgl^lE qd=sl ),71= 4ol7l ?lFolTlrl= +dsl ol
+= qel rJEoll^l rll^16lr?l+Llrf. business depression, consumption mentality, serve as
djversion, be daunted, promote the sales
2J7
lE-A. 4H ld al, T lEtEJ, gl+El rf , rJ0 |I= +tl^ l 7 l
rl

37 f
rl= 418 gg0ll^l 9= qelE€ ++6.frl ol4l
arFklftuiz-.
Erll= 6H=dE1= /.FJ=ol s=:z !11L =o-lr.
5"-ll olal-sf E+
=
3 4aJ^H ofLlalr :g + ?l+. nlaJ^H DbtB, ffig4Atr, at*6iffi, €*'e,hs,
6+=e E€oil =+=9 =At = iTfRE -f,! +
"J+61^l="-l_7 zl+ olAr= ++"-f= Ar
E||olrl. 4aJ^H 9E q+ EEJ, /{.Eail,\= a-d
=+=01ol= 6tl4dPl
-=r + ?ltf. E=7F=3
+ldH^J= AJ=
rJ^dl= Efi€ 61.r, 6S7l=E= ^i^lel
oJgS
^Jl+E^l Trying to resolve the problem at the work life by changing
H lalElo | -.Jrf_r -zf tl. =Zl
job is one of the symptoms of bluebird syndrome.
^fl
4g g=|oil^l e= qalE€ ol^l= $o-|| dH=6lal= ae $aJ^11

=+=sl =d
6 dlLlgLlrl. change jobs, bluebird syndrome, frustration, pursue
an ideal, meditate life
0141, 4aJ^H q+ EU, 0lafE ++ap1,
AJg rlx;trt- =+=,

38 frtffii),*s42iilL+tLH i^ffi Ft tr 68,8{E Eh p.tpH.

0lE-d d^11 ?l^l HHI= +tr+ EJ{JElr
=iH=
9ltl. EiH= ^I,\EJol
g^|| ALX., +Wj.RFtl &t+&f+, g/RfEtri,8fr.lHlq,
boll ?l= 7pJ 6 6fLl.olrl.. ,ftlsi
el eE3 ^laJsl _Egfol ,+94^4olef= troltl. =^|| itr ^,
el EgFol ^FJEitlr
+e3 =^|l
?tE crES o7.0ll Tlarfr -dr[.
rlal^J ^pJol gF
-Ei|]oJ^] 9l^l:g Ea17l7le]
gt+. ral|^J {Jg^14'J3
-d8o1^J ^FJErJalolE4o+ olg ?Jol
There is no worry in recognition through the iris recognition
Elr ?rl. qal =E11
?]=01 E)l-E.6t7l r4=olrf.
system as it is precise in recognizing people without a mistake.
Eill ?]^l g= ?]^lcr gal7l7lol gtrl= Eoll^l
^14.J3 ^fEr=
€4=21ts+Llrf. iris, biometric system, diversity, diligence and laziness
administration, substitute authentication
SrJl ?]^l 2:"J44, +al, qal oJ=
=iH, ^14.J, =Et|

3il dg tr! 6ll€ 475

39 ('tt[ T ) Etr tr "lE
€' ]s - iA iEi+ 6 f 6 6E'f&+q Fi;t' itr ffi F'!
'fH fr,. tr tlt is
- yF NiaEiI FU i+d trJ U 4fi +t F i,\. i[ fR
FE E=|lE g+ 401 galqz'3 z' c1.3 + ?ltf. ffi'H7n,F'ttr8"
( e ) e"JdTlaJal+lgEloil nf=E FE E=#e €
-J, L||EoI =€
gleE 7lE6ftl.
+E^l-= tilM+FH, trlU, {trT-HATr, A4it, 9_41ft-trJ'
^l^ldl.7lLlHJr|]6f=
( e ) E-.J +71.+o.e 7lE= E l6lE 2iEE)|-go6J rlffiitH
rll. =€
#3J4o+ 'v^lEgF= -d aolafE czEEoe-e
=61
2J+-J+ 9lrf. (e )=€ +E^[el EE g0ll^14= ?l=
}IE EE CzlEEo+ ^lE"J= # ?loo+ +9='J+
(Example) used 'however'to show taking a voting proof shot
6la9l+.(@) is impossible. Therefore, it is natural to place the incident when
(e2115'61^ltrJ'olaf= Efl= ill,\1 oJ=tol 7E;6f^l gr
Fr taking a voting proof shot is possible right after the sentence.
+ Ftr ft o oJ=+t0l 7E-?] 4+= LlEl.'.! E8
? z?= r-fr[L-.!
o1 ufE Floll 9= lol rlE'\aJ+Lltl. secret ballot, principle, pay dearly, count as, punished,
make a request for attention
HI"JFE, fl41, ? tf^ltf, 7J+Eltrl, ^lEEtl,
=
+sl= 3+6ltf

40 <0\ + > tX. EA T I+ lE +.7h +rtH iE, ft l' IJ T F- F t+ gt ffi ft ' -6n

VJHuiE', ffi9.fr?frrflJA.
HJalz g=el 'EE uE=- g='Joltl. ( o )
=EEell=
gJolqal )H= d l *zl 6H += olEE ?l^lu ^€+el rHol {+,lEJt, -dr+tt'dlffti), FfiH#, H)flLdryr, +trFi,
2Jal^171+715E_ gg= q^l^l7l= ofSal '*l
=4E 01J9 2ll= i.x,Et*E, {FftrJg.+,
= ( O ) HJzlel=4cE 7lE= vHZzJ
"JLf.
el+4o_=. E== 6|]0t-.Jrf. ( @ ) zJ-g .=.+0ll^1
^l
'JEdlE dZlS+01 7l€dl.tf. €) )
(
^l€-"1=EBfloll (Example) is explaining on pet-animal registration system.
(-H.u 115 EJaIZ t||-.H €E-d CE='
=E=+^lloll '2iee'=E Therefore. to explain the 'animal identification' it is proper to
olalE tl
"JE +^114-e-e €E6l.7l Pl6l| €Ul e= ?iol 4tr-'J
Llrt. = place the sentence at O.

pet, aninEl registration system, owner, abandoned anirnal,

HJa1Z. Er=E-=^ll,43+, +71---.
g€= qrll^l7lrl -Bfl, ^.lE6f^1, veterinary clinic, identif ication system, preventing f rom
happening

41 <bt)+> F*+&-v E etrf+T kl FfiUfrt46ffifrl

eJ=6|.^l
ifr : 64tr t 6 E ffi t4t6ditEl*ft ^E'
E.
+al /.fEl= rSoJ LH:3t4oJ ,\l.=J=ollzl
=-d
E^1l7f 9l+r Tlt=dtl.. ( e )ralL-ldal+rF=P LH-d's Ar"t,,t'rE+a, \il++,'lFE,,lz'fft F d
? ,Ja HlLJgTlLl r^10t -g trJEol olLlal-r. "J-.Jtf.
( e ) 4-3F4oJ erEa L4^ltrJ u66'i
^iaJ="Jei==-sr
rl= riolrf. ( o ) LH-Bt4?l d4 4=0ll^PlHl6l0ll flflltr
"JRzl g1r1. 1gI (Example) is about accepting one's self as he/she is.

Therefore, it is suitable to say after not to fall into self-deprecating

(-=.2115 9l= r4eq E+= EolEolal= Lt|EoE LH-d
^l7l HUfrl^l "Jal.= "J tl=0lle= a0l
because of one's introveded nature.
4oJ €4eE ?.16ll
^l.7lHl6pll
4tr-cr-Lltf.
introvert, psychologist, unique, cautious, fall into
self-deprecating
LH:d4oJ, d al +^ L 6 trl, frl-, P H 16 loll sufr lq
-- f

^.166
^
I

47 6 ChaPter 3 d=J "! 5l|€

 142- 431
+al= 61.+ E?Jel q="JE El^ll _A=J_e raJql qlgdfrl +=itE Ar=Jgl gcl*rf. ,JEol 7frlr !,ti 71=s
E'JE HJEoI gal^l ?J= aol+. E=J HJ?Jq =ol$trf.
qEal Hlg7lE7l.?1fl71 rrl|Eoil rlq E?i:drl.
gE +al= E=J -+ule LHalTlEEJ 4]fl0il21 eH gal^l ?J=^l Eol_+91r1. df^lEJ E + gq= €61^l
=ol ?al7l
Atg= €Bdl-= ?i0l 0lalflq. E.J Ecf +Eolafr "Ja[=r1 ++ "J= 6f=^l €Ef6l "JolE=
=d|] g.flrf.
+7|.
^l-d ^]fl
ol.Ef E=J qle+ 7lz0l 9= otazl^lHrfr 6l= 2j t?L1l _r.El^lE
€+dlzl g0l=3 aol olLlflrf.
il^l7l S= Tlal+. Etfl +?l UEq-"J olal EJ.J-d gE B-ilrl= ?iol Ll+ l_JEe Ll0ilZl
Eg
=Eol :iI^lU
fl= ?iolalr "J6|-q oHU E+-ct= +^ldl.al =Oil
=JeJZr 7l^qol q+-drt. ^laJfl+.
'gt tr+El +rL dol flq^lE -d+e.-+ EoPl= )j.EaJELP)1." 'JEe ol=l7ll trJdiq +E= 4p rl8 Bqe +X?l7f
471
^lAt-dtf.
fl8 EolealE BqE E8= u]^l a.J rlfloilzl Eq=oe/,^l +al7l AlgE galalr -d riolrl.
^l-ar
'JEol + E E'J lzH= nqoltlLl tl= €i40t1^1 +alel Eg 7l^lr LfeJrl. rlgdl Eoll^l g,ol1EZp
otottrL == ^1fl3 =

42 FniNi + + tpH * *.*1 +n F,Ztr ifrf^'R#'di*,r. T.

tl="J6lE0ll^J HclTl EZol fl= 1= Hn ZAtolEalq oJd-ct
Llrl.

+l=q-"J, oJd6frl, d+-Er= +^ldlrf, q+6|-r1., After checking there is nothing missing from the baggage, the
+tr= 4rt. person relieves the tension.

honeymoon, relax, stay calm, obvious. tear notebook

43 O t*fl fi ,tiH/E fi'! r'f I'Ft +ffi T.

o .JE3 E.J qlE 7l7J= 4?f6JLl. - EtrrtrTfrtrrs-^a.
- 0l EE 56t| "J + g.= LHEoJLlrl. @ .l.t€trffiH+FfRfiLtrlF.
e d +oll= qfl4 HtgTl E7l.?flrl. @ ftfrFt^#rFE€IFS7.
@ Ll= Htrlri el+Oil^l ag,ttrJ 4ol glri.
Lf= Htrlrf {j=qg
- +tfE{*6ffir8iftft.
- =0|fl+Llrl. @ iErE4Rfi h T #iE D)^6+tn +4&iEE.
@ EH 4Ae gol sl"l tl=
- 0l 56l| g + g.=
flolE "Jal.rl EAc[.
LHEoJLlrl.
- trtrI+64rtrrx-^+.
==
qE, HlgTl E qle+ 7l?J,44{1L', gEJ=
+Fffi,, afl+,1 hftilil, #tE, E\sIEn, ,H*
"Jal+.
n7H= ntrlolrl
O The husband mistaken the hotel reservation dares.
- This is unknown from this writing.
@ gotn passport and flight ticket were inside the baggage.
@ | have lived in a foreign country with my husband before.
-+ | was on my honeymoon.
@ The hotel employee can not speak any other language other
than English.
- This is unknown from this writing.

passport, plane ticket, reservation period, mistaken,

notice, nod one's head

3El €-J "! 6H€ 477

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It can be said as the fastidious procedure and restriction
are
becoming an obstacle to the expansion of natural burial, the
government has decided to expand the public natural
burial.

artilicial decoration, natural view, charnel house, place.

oecome an obstacle. revise law

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^lEAr, ^lE G) Natural burial is controlled by the law.
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+ According to the revision of the law, individuals can
prepare for a natural burial on their own. Therefore,
natural burial is not subjected to regulation.
@ Natural burial is nature friendly burial method.
@ The price of the natural burial is cheaper than burial but
more expenstve than cremation.
- Natural burial is much cheaper than burial or cremation.
@ There are no special procedure for a natural burial.
+ Currently, there is a fastidious procedure to oass for
a natural burial.

remaining ashes, plants, natural burial, soil, water

pollution, nature friendly, regulated by law, cremate

3El E.J \.iTtr , 479

[48-50]
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i Through the writing, the author is informing about the Korean
i cheering culture so that everyone can come in a one heart
i in harmony at the festlval.

i cover, the press, sans pareil cheer, subject of study,

i Oistinct characteristics, harmony

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: Going against the common idea on a mass population
i gathering can result into a violent crisis, no such thing
i happened at the cheering for the World Cup.

i enormous noise, violent situation, great amount of

i trash, gather, going against the common idea

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i cheering culture had orderly cleaned up the alterwards.

i cheering culture, satirical idea, look down on,

r accommodate

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