Soca 105 Wvu Exam 1 Snyder

SOCA 105 WVU EXAM 1 SNYDER
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_f4c8nc
1. Anthropology specific groups of people and the human species as a

whole.
2. The "Other" A person or group viewed as very different from oneself.
3. Ethnocentrism The tendency to view one's own culture as best and to

judge the behavior and beliefs of culturally different people
by one's own standards. (bias)
4. Scientific Racism Attempts to use scientific methods and theories to support

beliefs in the inferiority or the superiority of what are held
to be the biological races of the human species.(scientific
methods to see what races are superior)
5. Noble Savage Coined in a poem by John Dryden; views of small-scale

or easy human societies as uniformly more noble and
humane than contemporary European societies. (wild per-
son that has not been corrupted by society therefore is
good)
6. Evolution Progressive, transformative change in something over

time.
7. Biological Evolu- The process by which plant and animal species change
tion their genetic composition over time, sometimes leading to
the emergence of new species and the disappearance of
older ones.
8. Social/Cultural Change in the general characteristics of societies (cul-

Evolution tures) over time.
9. Unilineal The belief that all societies/cultures progress through out

the very same stages of human development.
10. Savagery, Bar- The three stages of social/cultural evolution; brought out
barism, & Civi- by A.R.J Turgot (economic liberalism) and was widely
lization accepted by the 18th and 19th century.
11. The Comparative The 19th century belief that some contemporary
Method small-scale societies were the same as the earlier phases
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of supposedly more advanced societies and could be used
as evidence on what these earlier phases had been like.
(societies back then were advanced and are similar to 19th
century societies)
12. Louis Henry Mor- Lawyer who went on to help and study the Iroquois (Native
gan Americans) while gathering evidence to write a book on
them.
13. League of the Ho- Published by Morgan, described many aspects of the
DeNoSauNee Iroquois life, kinship terms, and politics.
14. Lower Savagery Subsistance on fruits and nuts
15. Middle Savagery Fishing, use of fire
16. Upper Savagery bow and arrow
17. Lower Barbarism Pottery
18. Middle Bar- Domesticated animals and plants

barism
19. Upper Barbarism Use of iron
20. Civilization writing
21. Primitive Culture "Culture or Civilization, taken in its wide ethnographic

(Tylor) sense, is that complex whole which includes knowledge,
belief, art, morals, laws, customs, and any other capabili-
ties and habits acquired by man as a member of a society."
(more LEISURE time now than in older societies)
22. Armchair Anthro- Anthropologists who focus on the development of grand

pologists theories.
23. Field Anthropol- Anthropologists who focus on data collection in its original
ogists context.
24.
2/5
Bureau of Amer- An agency established by the U.S. government in 1879
ican Ethnology dedicated to studying native peoples of the U.S.
(BAE)
25. Somatology Now known as physical or biological anthropology. study

of human body
26. Ethnology social anthropology.
27. Philology Now known as linguistics
28. Antiquarianism Interest in collecting old simply for the sake of collecting;
provides no historical or cultural contextualization.
29. The Four Sub- 1. Archaeological anthropology (archaeology)

fields of Anthro- 2. Physical anthropology (biological)
pology 3. Cultural anthropology (sociocultural anthropology)
4. Linguistic anthropology
30. Archaeological Reconstructs, describes, and interprets human behavior

Anthropology and cultural patterns through material remains.
31. Physical Anthro- Studies human biological diversity (evolution, genetics,

pology biological plasticity, primatology, forensics).
32. Cultural Anthro- The study of human beliefs and behaviors in societies and
pology cultures.
33. Linguistic An- Studies past and present languages.

thropology
34. Sociocultural An- Talk to people about their ideas and values, observe peo-
thropologists ple as they go about their lives, and monitor their activities.
35. Pattern Repetition of a social or cultural phenomenon.
36. Contigent Groups that are called into existence and action only in
Groups response to certain circumstances, or contingencies.
37.
3/5
Descriptive Pat- Patterns that convey many important characteristics of the
tern particular society and culture being studied.
38. Historical Pattern Pattern that reports changes in human activity, such as in
land use patter, over time.
39. Normative Pat- A rule or moral obligation

tern
40. Associational Pattern that illustrates that two descriptive patterns are
Pattern co-related or correlated with one another and tend to
appear together.
41. Holism The study of the whole of the human conditions: past, pre-
sent, and future; biology, science, language, and culture.
42. Archaeology Shards of pottery, bits of animal bones, and stones shaped
into weapons and tools.
43. Language A bridge between the biological and cultural aspects of

humanity, demonstrating their interconnectedness.
44. Human Rights Vested in individuals and includes the right to speak
freely, to hold religious beliefs without persecution, and
not be murdered, injured, enslaved, or imprisoned without
charge.
45. Cultural Rights Vested in groups and include a group's ability to preserve
its cultural tradition.
46. Cultural Rela- Asserts cultural values are arbitrary, and therefore, values
tivism of one culture should not be used as standards to evaluate
behavior fo persons from outside that culture.
47. Functionalist Society was understood as having a number of distinct

Perspective parts, such as the institutions of politics, religion, and
economics, that were interconnected with one another
and mutually influential.
48.
4/5
Heuristic Theo- Guide anthropology thought by offering a vision of social
ries and cultural reality and directing attention to what it deems
is important.
49. Etic Based on observation on people's activities.
50. Emic Based on people's ideas.
51. Substantive The- They specify a definite relationship between two or more
ories sets or categories of social and cultural phenomena.
52. Middle-range They are less abstract than grand or heuristic theories but
Theories more abstract than descriptions of particular cases.
5/5

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SOCA 105 WVU EXAM 1 SNYDER

Study online at https://quizlet.com/_f4c8nc

1. Anthropology specific groups of people and the human species as a

2. The "Other" A person or group viewed as very different from oneself.

3. Ethnocentrism The tendency to view one's own culture as best and to

4. Scientific Racism Attempts to use scientific methods and theories to support

5. Noble Savage Coined in a poem by John Dryden; views of small-scale

6. Evolution Progressive, transformative change in something over

8. Social/Cultural Change in the general characteristics of societies (cul-

9. Unilineal The belief that all societies/cultures progress through out

14. Lower Savagery Subsistance on fruits and nuts

15. Middle Savagery Fishing, use of fire

16. Upper Savagery bow and arrow

17. Lower Barbarism Pottery

18. Middle Bar- Domesticated animals and plants

19. Upper Barbarism Use of iron

20. Civilization writing

21. Primitive Culture "Culture or Civilization, taken in its wide ethnographic

22. Armchair Anthro- Anthropologists who focus on the development of grand

25. Somatology Now known as physical or biological anthropology. study

26. Ethnology social anthropology.

27. Philology Now known as linguistics

29. The Four Sub- 1. Archaeological anthropology (archaeology)

30. Archaeological Reconstructs, describes, and interprets human behavior

31. Physical Anthro- Studies human biological diversity (evolution, genetics,

33. Linguistic An- Studies past and present languages.

35. Pattern Repetition of a social or cultural phenomenon.

39. Normative Pat- A rule or moral obligation

43. Language A bridge between the biological and cultural aspects of

47. Functionalist Society was understood as having a number of distinct

49. Etic Based on observation on people's activities.

50. Emic Based on people's ideas.

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