Tutorial Sheet 8

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Tutorial 8

Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur


Mathematics-II (MAL1020)
Instructors: Dr. Sukhendu Ghosh, Dr. Pradip Sasmal

xdy−ydx
1. Solve: xdx + ydy + x2 +y 2 = 0.

y y
 
2. Solve x cos x (ydx + xdy) = y sin x (xdy − ydx)

3. Show that the equation

x3 − 3x2 y + 2xy 2 dx − x3 − 2x2 y + y 3 dy = 0


 

is exact and find the solution if y = 1 when x = 1.


 3

4. Solve: xy 2 − e1/x dx − x2 ydy = 0.
 
5. Solve x2 + 1 y 2 − 1 dx + xydy = 0.

dy
6. Solve: dx = sin(x + y)

dy
7. Solve: 2xy dx = y 2 − x2

8. Solve: x2 dy + y(x + y)dx = 0.


 
9. Solve: y 4 − 2x3 y dx + x4 − 2xy 3 dy = 0

10. Solve: x2 dy + y(x + y)dx = 0.


 
11. Solve: x3 + 3y 2 x dx + y 3 + 3x2 y dy = 0

12. Solve: x2 ydx − x3 + y 3 dy = 0.
 
13. Solve: x2 y − 2xy 2 dx − x3 − 3x2 y dy = 0.

14. Solve the following


 equations: 
a) x2 y − 2xy 2 dx − x3 − 3x2 y dy = 0.


b) x4 + y 4 dx − xy 3 dy = 0.


c) 3x2 ydx + x3 + y 3 dy = 0.

15. Find a solution of the differential equation

dy
+ 2xy = 0
dx
dy
in the form y = y1 . Hence solve dx + 2xy = 4x by the subsitution y = vy1
16. Find a solution of the differential equation
dy
− y tan x = 0
dx
in the form y = y1 (x), say. Hence solve
dy
− y tan x = cos x
dx
by the substitution y = y1 (x)v(x)
17. Solve:
dy
x cos x + y(x sin x + cos x) = 1
dx
 
dy
18. Solve: y 2 + x − y1 dx =0
dy 2
19. Solve: xy − dx = y 3 e−x .
dy tan y
20. Solve: dx − = (1 + x)ex sec y.
1+x

21. Solve: x2 y 3 + 2xy dy = dx.
22. Solve: y (2xy + ex ) dx − ex dy = 0.

23. Solve: x3 + xy 4 dx + 2y 3 dy = 0
 
24. Solve 2xy 4 ey + 2xy 3 + y dx + x2 y 4 ey − x2 y 2 − 3x dy = 0
 
25. Solve x2 y 2 + xy + 1 ydx − x2 y 2 − xy + 1 xdy = 0
26. Show that each of the functions defined as follows satisfics a Lipschitz condition in the rectangle D
defined by |x| ≤ a, |y| ≤ b.
(a) f (x, y) = x2 + y 2 .
(b) f (x, y) = x sin y + y cos x.
(c) f (x, y) = x2 ex+y .

27. Show that neither of the functions defined in (a) and (b) satisfies a Lipschitz condition throughout
any domain which includes the line y = 0.
2/3
(a) f (x, y) = yp .
(b) f (x, y) = |y|.

28. Consider the function f defined by f (x, y) = x|y| for (x, y) ∈ D, where D is the rectangle defined by
|x| ≤ a, |y| ≤ b. In Example 10.10 it is stated that ∂f∂y does not exist for (x, 0) ∈ D, where x ̸= 0.
Show that this statement is valid
29. Consider the initial -value problem
dy 4/3
dx = y , y (x0 ) = y0 .
a) Discuss the existence of a solution of this problem
b) Discuss the uniqueness of a solution of this problem

30. For each of the following initial-value problems show that there exists a unique solution of the problem
if y0 ̸= 0. In each case discuss the existence and uniqueness of a solution if y0 = 0.
dy
(a) dx = y 2/3 , y (x0 ) = y0 .
dy
p
(b) dx = |y|, y (x0 ) = y0 .

2
31. For each of the following initial-value problems find the largest interval |x| ≤ h on which Theorem 10.1
guarantees the existence of a unique solution. In each case find the unique solution and show that it
actualiy exists over a larger interval than that guaranteed by the theorem.
dy
(a) dx = 1 + y 2 , y(0) = 0.
dy
(b) dx = e2y , y(0) = 0.

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