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    Module 5 Dynamic Force Analysis - 1

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    Aditya Deshpande
    The document discusses dynamic force analysis of machines including planar linkages, engines, and other mechanisms. It covers D'Alembert's principle and applies it to analyze the forces, torques, and other dynamics of four-bar linkages, slider-crank mechanisms, and engines. Example problems are provided to demonstrate calculating dynamics quantities such as turning moments, thrusts, accelerations, and other forces within machines.

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    Module 5 Dynamic Force Analysis - 1

    Uploaded by

    Aditya Deshpande
    6 views22 pages
    The document discusses dynamic force analysis of machines including planar linkages, engines, and other mechanisms. It covers D'Alembert's principle and applies it to analyze the forces, torques, and other dynamics of four-bar linkages, slider-crank mechanisms, and engines. Example problems are provided to demonstrate calculating dynamics quantities such as turning moments, thrusts, accelerations, and other forces within machines.

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    MODULE 5 DYNAMIC FORCE ANALYSIS_1

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    The document discusses dynamic force analysis of machines including planar linkages, engines, and other mechanisms. It covers D'Alembert's principle and applies it to analyze the forces, torques, and other dynamics of four-bar linkages, slider-crank mechanisms, and engines. Example problems are provided to demonstrate calculating dynamics quantities such as turning moments, thrusts, accelerations, and other forces within machines.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    6 views22 pages

    Module 5 Dynamic Force Analysis - 1

    Uploaded by

    Aditya Deshpande
    The document discusses dynamic force analysis of machines including planar linkages, engines, and other mechanisms. It covers D'Alembert's principle and applies it to analyze the forces, torques, and other dynamics of four-bar linkages, slider-crank mechanisms, and engines. Example problems are provided to demonstrate calculating dynamics quantities such as turning moments, thrusts, accelerations, and other forces within machines.

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    You are on page 1of 22

    Winter 2023-24

    School of Mechanical Engineering

    BMEE207L KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS OF MACHINES


    MODULE 5
    Dynamic Force Analysis

    By
    Dr. T. CHRISTO MICHAEL
    Outline
    • D’ Alembert’s Principle
    • Dynamic Analysis of Planar Mechanism
    – 4-bar Mechanism
    – Slider-crank mechanism
    • Turning moment Diagram
    – Four Stroke engine
    – Multi cylinder Engine
    • Flywheel

    07-04-2024 2
    D’ Alembert’s Principle

    ∑𝐹 = 𝑚𝐴𝐺 ∑𝑭 + (−𝒎𝑨𝐆 ) = 𝟎 𝐼𝐺 𝛼 𝑘2𝛼


    ℎ= =
    𝑚𝐴𝐺 𝐴𝐺
    ∑𝑀G = 𝐼𝐺 𝛼
    ∑𝑴𝐆 + (−𝑰𝐆 𝜶) = 𝟎
    k - Radius of gyration
    h – perpendicular distance of
    the force from centre of mass
    AG- Acceleration of centre of mass of the body
    α - Angular acceleration of the body IG- Mass moment of inertia about CG 3
    Force Analysis of a Link/Rigid Body

    07-04-2024 4
    Force Analysis of 4-bar Mechanism Problem 1
    Find the forces at the joints and the driving torque needed to
    maintain motion with the given acceleration for the position of the
    linkage shown.

    5
    Problem 1
    GIVEN DATA:

    L, mm θ, deg ω, rad/s α, rad/s2 aG, m/s2 m, kg IG, kg-m2


    Link 2 127 60 25 -40 47.722 0.68 0.006
    @ - 86.34°
    Link 3 381 20.92 -5.877 120.609 92.609 3.493 0.011
    @ 226.51°
    Link 4 254 104.41 7.933 276.423 35.987 2.631 0.09
    @207.24°

    CG of Link 2 is at 76.2 mm @ 30° from the line of centers (LRCS)


    CG of Link 3 is at 228.6 mm @ 45° off the line of centers (LRCS)
    CG of Link 4 is at 127 mm @ 0° on the line of centers (LRCS)
    External Force & Torque:
    1. An external force of 355.84 N @ 330° acts on link 3 in the GCS,
    applied at point P at 76.2 @ 100° from the CG of link 3 (LRCS)
    2. There is an external torque on Link 4 of 13.558 N-m (GCS)
    6
    Free Body Diagram
    7
    1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 𝐹12 𝑥 2.073

    0 -1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 𝐹12 𝑦 -32.385

    𝐹32 𝑥 -0.24
    0.0762 0 -0.0338 0.0635 0 0 0 0 1

    𝐹32 𝑦 -530.618
    0 0 -1 0 1 0 0 0 0
    x 𝐹43 𝑥 = -56.908
    0 0 0 -1 0 1 0 0 0
    𝐹43 𝑦 14.507
    0 0 -0.2087 0.0933 0.0727 0.2626 0 0 0
    𝐹14 𝑥 -84.16
    0 0 0 0 -1 0 1 0 0
    𝐹14 𝑦 -43.475
    0 0 0 0 0.123 0.0318 0.123 0.0318 0
    𝑇12 11.32

    07-04-2024 8
    ANS:

    𝐹12 𝑥 -534.58

    𝐹12 𝑦 -428.55

    𝐹32 𝑥 536.65

    𝐹32 𝑦 396.16
    =
    𝐹43 𝑥 6.03

    𝐹43 𝑦 339.25

    𝐹14 𝑥 -78.13

    𝐹14 𝑦 295.78

    𝑇12 33.47

    07-04-2024 9
    Dynamic Analysis of Slider Crank Mechanism
    Velocity and Acceleration of Piston

    𝒍
    𝒏=
    𝒓

    07-04-2024 10
    Velocity of Piston

    07-04-2024 11
    Acceleration of Piston

    07-04-2024 12
    Engine Force Analysis

    07-04-2024 13
    Engine Force Analysis
    (mass of connecting rod is not
    considered)

    Force analysis on piston


    ∑𝐹𝑦 = 0
    ∑𝐹𝑥 = 𝑚𝑎𝑥
    𝐹𝑝 − 𝐹𝑐 cos 𝛽 = 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝐹𝑛 − 𝐹𝑐 sin 𝛽 = 0

    𝐹𝑝 − 𝐹𝑐 cos 𝛽 − 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0
    𝐹𝑝 − 𝐹𝑐 cos 𝛽 − 𝐹𝑏 = 0 Friction NOT considered

    07-04-2024 14
    Piston Effort

    07-04-2024 15
    Force along the connecting rod

    Thrust on the sides of cylinder

    Crank effort

    07-04-2024 16
    Thrust on the bearings

    07-04-2024 17
    Turning Moment on Crankshaft
    (mass of connecting rod is not considered)

    07-04-2024 18
    07-04-2024 19
    Problem 1
    A horizontal gas engine running at 210 rpm has a bore of 220 mm
    and a stroke of 440 mm. The connecting rod is 924 mm long and
    the reciprocating parts weigh 20 kg. When the crank has turned
    through an angle of 30° from the inner dead centre, the gas
    pressure on the cover and the crank sides are 500 kN/m2 and 60
    kN/m2 respectively. Diameter of the piston rod is 40 mm. Determine,
    (i) Turning moment on the crank shaft
    (ii) Thrust on the bearings
    (iii) Acceleration of the flywheel which has a mass of 8 kg and
    radius of gyration of 600 mm while the power of the engine is
    22 kW

    20
    Problem 2
    The crank and connecting rod of a vertical petrol engine, running at
    1800 rpm are 60 mm and 270 mm respectively. The diameter of the
    piston is 100 mm and the mass of the reciprocating parts is 1.2 kg.
    During the expansion stroke when the crank has turned 20° from
    the top dead centre, the gas pressure is 650 kN/m2 . Determine the
    (i) Net force on the piston
    (ii) Net load on the gudgeon pin
    (iii) Thrust on the cylinder walls

    21
    Problem 3
    In a vertical double-acting steam engine, the connecting rod is 4.5
    times the crank. The weight of the reciprocating parts is 120 kg and
    the stroke of the piston is 440 mm. The engine runs at 250 rpm. If
    the net load on the piston due to the steam pressure is 25 kN when
    the crank has turned through an angle of 120° from the top dead
    centre, determine the
    (i) Thrust in the connecting rod
    (ii) Pressure on slide bars
    (iii) Tangential force on the crank pin
    (iv) Thrust on the bearings
    (v) Turning moment on the crank shaft

    22

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