(1)8 =

- 1 (2)a 1 =

(3)a =
-

4 (h) a 4
=

the
equations me x +
2y 0.z
+
0
=

ax +
8y 3z
+ 0
=

01 0
+37+ 5z
=

[ I
I 2 o
A =

903, Ax = 0

0's BS
Brow
->
A

Assume 8.2a 70. Then

75m= 1 =6:::] 0

[::%] IiRuo o joi ↓

for some
by, b,
B
#
And there interchange. 8
is no now

then 8-2a
So, interchange, 0
=

there
it a
is new

a 4
=> =
X1 True
2) False

Rank
F Amon matrix.

then rank
it (A)=minsmoly, then A

[2,a I
112
has full rank.
A -

2x3

12k/A) =
2 minG2,33
=

suppose Anxu MnCI), the set ofall non real

maries.

and offull rank.

A is

sank(A) n
=
=>

[q.=asin] [v, e
A =

:(i)f
Vk

Nonk
(A) n
=
=>
3V,v...
-

vn}is1.1
ofR
SV. Vn] basis
=>

., a
is

column
=>
space
of A = EM.
 R
Similarly, ofA
=
now
space

=>
nowspace ofA =
column space of A

connect
option
& Gouvered that row
suppose Anne Mr(R) such

A and A
Column space of
one

space of
rank matrix.
A full
equal.
a
The in

(True/False

[ ·]
wn 4.
↑
=>
A o
=

= -
3x3

4x4

=[00·]
1 oo o

ooo

nowspace ofA
159(1,0,0,0),(0,1,0,07,
=

(0,0,1,0)]
column
space
of A
155(1,0,0,0), (0,1,0,03,
=

(0,0,1,0)3
From above, of A
now
space ofA
=
columnspace

But rank ofA 3+4= minqu,

is
4]
i.e A not
is
a full rank matrix.

so correct
the option
se
is
& Let A a
is
5x6 matrix with rank 2.

What is dimension
the ofthemullspace ofA?

(1)2 27 3

(3)4 (4) 5

th
#ceil:Rank Nullity
-
-

ItA man
is matrix, then

A
dim ofnow
space ofdimofcolumn spaced
= no of column ofA
n
·

dim of dim of
=

mullspace
rowspace
dim ofcolumn rank ofthe
matrix
space
2
=

AISO n 6
=

Theaven, 2 6
dim ofmultspace + =

By RAN
dim ofmillspace
=> 4.
=
⑰ Find ofthe mathic
a basis for the
wullspace

[
- 20
4

I
A =

3 ↑ 7 ⑧

a
5 -18
-

34y

ofall solutions ofthe

of A set
natispace
=

system AX 0
=

2X 1":Ax
03
= =

x
(v)
=

1 -
3( 2)
-

a
(1;:] -*% =10 1 o
7

f
A =

162o
Ay 0
=
=
x

&
-

7y
2y 4w 0

2
+
=

12w
-
(x
a)
(z)
=

0
+
-

(z)
=
-

From (2)z =
-

7y 12W +

From (1) x 2z
=
-
4w
 ofA
G(n,3,z,w): AX
0]
=

Nullspace
=

92x,3,2,w): EX
03
=

9782-40, y, -57 +
120,W):2,weR}

92(2,0,
=
-

7,0 + 279,0,12,17:3,018)
L59(2,0,77,0),74,0,12,11
=

ht v,
(2,0,.7,0,5
=

7
=

4,0,12,1)
basis wellspace
ofthe
so
[U., Vel a
in

ofA.

dim ofthe millspace ofA =

and
9.5
of14.
suppose SV, Vry basis
-
V, Vo, a
in

Them 931 12,v2 +Vs,v3 +Wy,

Velis a
+

basis of1 "

⑰ True

2) False

SON: k, Vz Vy
suppor w, 12,Wz vz v3, Nz
= +
= +
+
=

wy vq
=

300, Wh, We, Wy

3
CW, (2Wz +
+
(yWy + (nwy 0 (0,0,0,0)
=
=

(8
((01782)
=>
G(V ve) Cy(Vi +
Vn)
+
+ +

GVu
+

a
=

c,p,
=>
(2, 4)Xz ((z (s)Vz
(y)Nn 0
+
((
+ + +
+ +
=

Given SU., Nr, Va,

Vol is C. I.

=> 2, 0,G 4 0,(2 (z

+
0,(z (y
=

+
=

0
=
+

=>
c 0
=
↓ ↓ ↓
0 0
/ 2 0
(z 0
+ = +

0 Cy
=

0
+
=

=>
c 0
=
=>
(3 0
=Cu
=

0
=

Sue,
=>
We, We, way linearly
in
independent.
(5)
IFalse.

if Let A
be 2x2 matrices with
entries.
b C R with
If
Anvestible, then for any
-

solution.
ientrice, AXb has unique

(ii) If the above has unique

solution, then that

solution has integer entries.

~
(a) (i) the & (i)false (b)(i)& (i)actune.

C) (i) (i) false

false &

AX b, = bER

Since as emists, '(Ax)

A =
A
+

=> (A* A) X A
=
"b
=>
Ix Ab
=

=> x=Arly unique.

in

(i) A
[8], 9
=

nor Ner(A) =

A
= )
=

wb
[] [[]
=

A .b
=

x
=

2 b
[i],thx
=
a
= x
[]
-
 9.1)
Let N = RY and W =
S(x,0105:n+RT.
For U,02CR, we
say v, equivalent
is

10 W2 v.-1 W i. VnV if V-VfW.

2
that
equivalence relation. was an
is

(2)
Equivalence classes (denoted by V/W) fam
a vector R.
space oven

SoL
-
Het r EVzRF.
V.
v -
v = 0 (0,0)CW
=
for any
v +

no
=> reflexive.
in

If v vcW
v. VCVE>
-
-

N
v.
vz
-

(a,0),
=
mx 7
= -
9,0)(W
war in seve
ie,
If VeWVa E> VevVs

We have to check:
-
YVe.
It vizNe &Ve wVs, Hon
v va W
wehove
vivVe
-
-
=

vz V - N
vev Va => -

EW
Since W
a
is subspace, (v-V) NVs) +

=>
v -
Vs w
-

=> V.NVy
Therefore ~w
i
equivalence ration

p-ina:
La
-
La

-
set of equivalence clame 32a:a7R] v
=

Is in
identity
Le +1 L for
= some ER.
2a, ly
(Fomahichc? /
↓ ↓
(x,a) +
(y,b) ↓
(x 4,c
+

4)
+

(2,c)
is
a+b
C: LotLy: Labe

* LaCV?

kLa = L0 (wny?]
ka R
G

=>
kLaC V

[Check other
properties]

Therefore a
is U.S. ove
(iii) Find an element we sit every element
X
of
a multiple ofw. Try I
is
it.