28th MARCH, 2024

Interactive Entertainment and Innovation Council (IEIC) and WinZO released India Gaming
Report 2024

Key findings:
With 568 million users, India is officially the largest gaming market and accounts for every one in five online gamers
globally.
Indian gaming market is expected to reach $6 Billion by 2028.
Number of Indian gaming companies surged from 25 in 2015 to over 1400 in 2023.
Factors responsible for boost in gaming industry:
Rise of affordable high-speed internet ($0.17/GB) and increase in smartphone penetration (820 million users).
Burgeoning share of young population (600 million) and rising disposable income.
Supply side factors include global investments in game development, rewarding gaming career, vernacular language
content and gamification of Indian culture etc.
Government Interventions for promotion of sector:
Gaming’s contribution to society: Reduction in social
isolation, community building, especially for women MeitY acts as nodal agency for online gaming regulations and
gamers, and its role in enhancing research, education development.
and skilling. Schemes like Make in India, Digital India, and Production Linked
Incentive (PLI).
Challenges to gaming sector:
Animation, Visual Effects, Gaming and Comic (AVGC) taskforce report,
Sustainability issues from 'internet pollution' (3.7%
Draft National AVGC Policy and National AVGC centre of excellence.
of Greenhouse Gas emissions).
100% FDI in gaming sector, utilizing automatic route within Electronic
Financial literacy gaps, regulatory complexities, and
System and IT & BPM sectors.
data security challenges.
Recommendations:
Utilise green innovations and virtual environments for sustainable gaming.
Establish a global gaming cluster with policy support, supporting startups and talent development.
Prioritise R&D for online safety and digital literacy.

Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has decided to delist 18 Centrally Protected Monuments
(CPMs)

ASI has invoked Section 35 of the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958 (AMASR Act) to
delist 18 CPMs.
Section 35 allows central government to declare that any Monument of National Importance (MNI) has ceased to be of
national importance.
Under AMASR Act, MNIs are to be conserved and maintained by ASI as an important site pertaining to history and culture.
♦ Any kind of construction-related activity is not allowed around a protected site.
Delisting effectively means that it will no longer be conserved, protected, and maintained by the ASI.
These monuments are part of a list of 24 untraceable monuments (out of 3,693 CPMs), which the Ministry of Culture submitted
to Standing Committee on Transport, Tourism and
Culture in 2022. Archaeological Survey of India (ASI)
Untraceable monument means a site that has
Headquartered in New Delhi, it was founded in 1861 by
been lost to activities such as urbanization,
Alexander Cunningham.
encroachments, etc. and has no surviving public
memory. It is a government agency that is responsible for archaeological
These monuments include Kos Minar No.13 in research and the conservation and preservation of cultural
Haryana, Barakhamba Cemetery in Delhi, Gunner historical monuments in the country.
Burkill’s Tomb in Jhansi, and Telia Nala Buddhist Ministry: Ministry of Culture.
ruins in Varanasi etc.

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 Western Ghat Regions (WGR) are witnessing an alarming rate of Soil erosion: IIT-Bombay study

Study was conducted between 1990 and 2020 using data from LANDSAT-8, rainfall records etc.
Key findings
Portions of WGR in Tamil Nadu and Gujarat registered 121% and 119% increase in soil erosion respectively.
Across whole of WGR, the increase in erosion rate was 94%.
In absolute terms, Maharashtra had the highest 79 ton per hectare per year soil loss in 2020, while Kerala had the lowest
loss.
Causes identified for erosion: Increasing rainfall erosivity factor (rainfall's potential to cause soil erosion), steep slopes and
high rainfall, climate change and unsustainable land use, cultivation of tea, coffee etc.
Concerns: threat to biological diversity, agricultural productivity, water quality across WGs.
Protection measures:
Gadgil committee and Dr. K. Kasturirangan committee to assess WG’s ecology.
Western Ghats Natural Heritage Management Committee under Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
Number of protected areas, like Tiger
Reserves, National Parks, Wildlife
Sanctuaries, etc. Significance of WGs:
About Western Ghats It is a UNESCO world heritage site and one of 36 biodiversity hotspots on
Earth.
About 1,600 km long, they are a chain of
Recognized as one of the world’s eight ‘hottest hotspots’.
mountains running parallel to India’s western
coast. Best representatives of non-equatorial tropical evergreen forests.
Spread across six states: Gujarat, Acts as barrier to eastward moving clouds during monsoon.
Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala and
Tamil Nadu.

Reserve Bank of India (RBI) finalised the Omnibus Framework for recognising Self-Regulatory
Organisations (SROs) for Regulated Entities (REs)

Omnibus framework contains broad parameters viz., objectives, responsibilities, eligibility criteria, governance standards etc.
which will be common for all SROs.
Objectives of SROs include promoting compliance culture, support to smaller entities, act as collective voice of members,
collect sectoral information, and encourage R&D culture.
Eligibility: An SRO shall be setup as a not-for-profit company registered under Section 8 of the Companies Act, 2013.
It should have adequate net worth, sufficiently diversified shareholding and must represent the sector.
Characteristics: SRO shall have sufficient authority derived from membership agreements along with strong governance
mechanisms.
It shall develop standards for improving compliance culture and surveillance methods for sector monitoring.
Responsibilities of SROs:
Towards members: Promote best business practices, establish minimum conduct benchmarks, disseminate sector specific
information and dispute resolution/arbitration structure.
Towards Regulator: Ensuring regulatory compliance, promote sector development, foster innovation and detect early
warning signals.
Governance framework:
Articles of Association (AoA)/ bye-laws shall provide for manner of functioning of Governing Body and specify the functions
of SRO.
At least one-third of members in Board of Directors including Chairperson shall be independent.
Compliance with relevant Acts, regulations, guidelines, directions or circulars issued by RBI.

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 India supports Philippines in upholding its CPCB report to NGT shows 80% in CPCB
national sovereignty on the issue of South environmental funds remain unutilized
China Sea: EAM Jaishankar
Despite collecting a total of Rs 777.69 crore through
India iterated its support to United Nations Convention on Environment Protection Charge (EPC) and Environmental
the Law of the Sea 1982 regarding it as constitution of the Compensation, Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has
seas. utilized only 20% of these funds.
Both called for free, open, and inclusive Indo-Pacific. These funds were utilised for: R&D on air quality, health
India Philippines bilateral relations impact studies, infrastructure development for air and
Strategic: Part of India’s Act East, both see China as water quality surveillance, remediation of contaminated
common challenge. sites etc.
♦ Both cooperate at NAM, ASEAN. CPCB receives compensation under two heads:
Defence and Security Cooperation: Signed contract Environment Protection Charge (EPC): The dealer/
to supply BrahMos missile system, MoU on Defence manufacturer is required to pay one per cent EPC for
Industry and Logistics cooperation. specified new diesel vehicles, registered only in Delhi
Trade and Investments: Bilateral trade is USD 3.05 and NCR.
billion in 2022-23.
♦ It is received as per order of Supreme Court.
♦ India is largest supplier of pharma products to
Philippines. Environmental compensation is policy instrument for
♦ Indian investments in Philippines are valued around protection of environment which works on the Polluter
US $ 5 billion. Pay Principle.
Developmental cooperation: Philippines is beneficiary ♦ It is received as per orders of NGT.
of India’s capacity building programme – Indian
Technical and Economic Cooperation. ♦ It is utilized to protect environment through
strengthening of laboratories/monitoring network,
♦ India also offers scholarships to students from
projects in compliance of NGT orders, capacity
Philippines under ‘Study in India’ programme.
building of pollution control boards, etc.
Diaspora: Indian community in the Philippines is
estimated to be around 1,50,000. CPCB is Statutory Body formed under Water (Prevention
♦ Indian students go to Philippines for medical studies. and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.
Humanitarian assistance: India supported aftermath of Also, it is entrusted with powers and functions under Air
super typhoon Haiyan (2013), and during COVID-19 etc. (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.
Challenges in relations: Untapped trade and investment Functions under Ministry of Environment, Forest and
relations, Philippines relations with China fluctuating etc. Climate Change.

Also in News

Ex-parte Injunctions and SLAPP suits Machine-to-Machine Communications

Supreme Court has highlighted the problem of affluent getting Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) released
pre-trial injunctions from courts against the media and civil recommendations on ‘Usage of Embedded SIM for Machine-to-
society, restricting free speech and public’s right to information. Machine Communications (M2M)’.
According to bench, an injunction, particularly ex-parte M2M communications refer to automated applications which
(without hearing all parties to a case), should not be granted involve machines or devices communicating through a network
without establishing that the content sought to be restricted without human intervention.
is ‘malicious’ or ‘palpably false’. Sensors and communication modules are embedded within
M2M devices.
Court also urged trial courts to take note of trend of Strategic
These enable data transfer from one device to another
Litigation against Public Participation (SLAPP) suits whereby
through wired and wireless communications networks.
entities with vast economic resources use litigation to prevent
public from knowing about their operations involving public Applications: Robotics and conveyor belts in factories, Smart
Grid and Smart Water systems, jet engines, bus fleets, home
interest.
appliances, and more.

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 Domestic Systemically Important Insurers
Luna Structure (D-SIIs)

Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI)

A study has confirmed that Luna Structure in low-lying Banni releases 2023-24 – List of D-SIIs.
plains of the Gujarat’s Kutch region is an impact crater. Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC), General Insurance
It is a 1.8 kilometre wide crater which was formed when a Corporation of India (GIC Re) and New India Assurance
massive object primarily made of iron struck the planet. Company continue to be identified as D-SIIs.
Luna region was one amongst the several settlements linked D-SIIs refer to insurers of such size, market importance, and
to the ancient Harappan Civilization. domestic and global inter connectedness, whose distress or
failure would cause a significant dislocation in the domestic
Other impact craters in India include Dhala in Madhya Pradesh, financial system.
Lonar in Maharashtra, and Ramgarh in Rajasthan.
D-SIIs are perceived as ‘too big or too important to fail’
(TBTF).
D-SIIs are subject to additional regulatory measures.
Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment
Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)
The Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) notified new wage Irrigation as a Service (IaaS)
rates for unskilled manual workers under the Mahatma Gandhi
National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), 2005 for
Two organizations, AgriRain and Oorja are providing IaaS in
FY2024-2025. selected parts of the country.
MGNREGA gives legal guarantee of 100 days of wage
About IaaS
employment in a financial year to adult members of a rural
household who are willing to do unskilled manual work. It is an irrigation technology that provides hassle free, pay
per use and cost effective on demand irrigation to small and
MoRD revises state-wise wage rates for MGNREGA workers marginal farmers.
every year, under section 6 of MGNREGA, 2005. It functions on a subscription or pay-per-use basis meaning
This revision is based on changes in CPI-AL (Consumer Price farmers pay a fixed monthly fee or a fee based on water usage.
Index- Agriculture Labor). Benefits: Improved water efficiency and crop yields, beneficial for
water intensive crops like sugarcane, soil health monitoring etc.

Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary

Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary is witnessing forest fires. Mushk Budiji Rice

About Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary
Situated near Warangal (Telangana) Recent study revealed that altitude and temperature play an
important role in development of aroma for this rice.
It lies on border of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Andhra
Pradesh. It is an indigenous rice variety variety grown in the Kashmir
Rivers Dayyam Vagu and Godavari flows through it. Himalayas.
Flora: Bamboo, Maddi, Dry Deciduous Teak, Thiruman, It is distinguished by its rich aroma and unique taste.
Madhuca
It was on verge of extinction due to rice blast disease, low yield,
Fauna: Sloth Bear, Chinkara, Nilgai, Black Buck etc. lack of profitability etc.

Places in News Malaysia (Capital: Kuala Lampur)

External Affairs Minister paid an official visit to Malaysia.

Political features:
Lies in Southeast Asia.
Land boundaries: Thailand (West), Brunei (North), Singapore and Indonesia (South).
Maritime borders: Vietnam and Philippines.
Surrounding Water bodies: Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, South China Sea
Geographical features:
Occupies parts of Malay Peninsula and Borneo Island.
Separated by South China Sea into two regions – Peninsular Malaysia and East Malaysia.
Strait of Malacca lies between Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia.
Major rivers: Rajang (longest), Kinabatangan, Pahang
Highest Peak: Mount Kinabalu

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