INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES

Input devices and their uses

INPUT DEVICES, these are hardware devices that allow data

AGENDA to be input into a computer, Many such devices exist, ranging
from the more common ones, such as the keyboard, through to
the more specialist devices, such as barcode readers.
EXAMPLES OF INPUT AND
OUTPUT DEVICES
 KEYBOARD
THESE ARE THE MOST COMMON INPUT DEVICES
AND ARE USED TO INPUT TEXT, NUMBERS AND
INSTRUCTIONS INTO THE COMPUTER. MOST USE
THE QWERTY LAYOUT (THIS NAME COMES FROM
THE KEYS ON THE TOP ROW, WHICH SPELL OUT
"QWERTY").
ERGONOMIC KEYBOARDS ARE DESIGNED TO
REDUCE HEALTH RELATED PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED
WITH STANDARD KEYBOARDS, SUCH AS CARPAL
TUNNEL SYNDROME AND REPETITIVE STAIN
INJURY (RSI)
ADVANTAGE
AND
DISADVANTAGE
OF KEYBOARD
ADVANTAGE

• Fast entry of new text into a

document-Easy to use for most
people-Easier to do verification
checks as the data is entered.
DISADVANTAGE

• Can be difficult to use if the user has

limited arm or wrist use-Slow
method when compared to direct
data entry
• Fairly large device that uses up
valuable desk space.
TYPES OF KEYBOARDS
 CONCEPT KEYBOARD

The concept keyboard uses icons or phases

instead of standard letters. These are often
used in fast food restaurants, where a
single key represents one item, For
example an ice cream. The person serving
only needs to touch this key to order the
ice cream and bring up its price on a
screen. This allows for fast data entry and
the key boards are water proof ( useful in
restaurant environment).
NUMERIC KEYPAD

A numeric keypad is used to enter numbers only ( although same have a function
key to allow alphabetical characters to be input). Automatic teller machines
(ATMs), Where the customer can key in there PIN, Amount of money, etc.-Mobile
phones, to allow phone numbers, etc, to be keyed in.
 ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES OF NUMERIC
KEYPAD
ADVANTAGES
Faster than standard keyboards when entering numeric data.-Since many are
small devices (for example, mobile cellphones) they are very casy to carry
around.

DISADVANTAGES
Sometimes have small keys which can make input more difficult.-Sometimes
the order of the numbers on the keypad isnt intuitive.
POINTING DEVICES
 MOUSE
• The mouse is an example of a pointing devices. The user controls the position of a pointer o
the screen by moving the mouse around. There are usually two buttons, which have different
functions: the left button is usually used to select items by double clicking, while the right
button brings up drop down menus. Many also have a scroll button, which speeds up the
process of moving through a document

USES
-Opening, Closing and miniating software-Grouping, moving, and deleting files-
Image editing, for example controlling the size and position of a drawing pasted into
a document.-Controlling the position of a pointer on the scree to allow selection
from a menu or selecting a icon, and for scrolling up and down, left and right.
ADVANTAGES
Faster way to choose an option than using a keyboard-Very quick way to
navigate through applications and the internet.-Doesn't need a large desk
area when compared to a keyboard.

DISADVANTAGES
Can be more difficult for people with restricted hand or wrist movement than
using a keyboard data entry, easy to damage and the older type of mouse
quickly becomes clogged up with dirts and difficult to use if no flat surface is
readily available.
TRACKERBALL

Trackerballs are similar to a mouse exept that the ball is on the top or the size of
the device, the user controls the pointer on thescreen by rotating the ball with
their hand. It is easier to use for people with limited hand or wrist movement.

USES

Used in applications where the user has disability ( Such as RSI) and used in a
control room environment where it is faster than a mouse to navigate through
process screens.
ADVANTAGES
AdvantagesDoesnt need the same line control as a mouse-Easier to use than a
mouse if the operator is disable-Need less desk space than a mouse or a
keyboard.

DISADVANTAGES

Not supplied withcomputers as standard, therefore more costly and the user
may need training since it isnt standard equipment.
REMOTE CONTROL
A remote control is used to control the operation of other devices remotely using
infrared signals. The buttons on the keypad are used to sleect options ( such as
television channels, sould levels on a hifi, timings on a DVD recorder, etc.)

USES

Televisions , satelite systems, Dvd players and hifi systems all use remote
controls to alter functions such as sound colume, on or off, change channels
open using disc drawer and so on and it is used to control multimedia
systems-Use in industrial applications to remotely control processes, stop
and start machinery.
ADVANTAGES

Can be operated from any reasonable distance, unlike, for example, a corded mouse
which is restricted by the length of cord (useful for disabled people.

DISADVANTAGES

Difficult to use if the the operator has limited hand or wrist movement-It is easier
to block the signal, for example, the walls in the building are very thick.
JOYSTICKS
Joysticks have similar functions to a mouse and a trackerball. By gripping the stick,
a pointer on the screen can be controlled: Buttons are used to make selections.
Often they have another button on the stick that is used for gaming purposes, for
example, to fire a weapon.

Uses

Used in video/computer games and simulators (for example, car-driving and fight
simulators) to mimic actual controls.
ADVANTAGES
Easier than a keyboard to navigate the screen and control is more realistic
than using a mouse.

DISADVANTAGES

More difficult to control the on-screen pointer than with other devices,
such as mouse.
 DRIVING WHEEL
A driving (steering) wheel is an example of an input device that is similar to a joystick
in many ways. It connects to a computer for games machine), usually through a USB
port. The wheel allows you to simulate the turning of a steering wheel, and there are
associated deviers (such as buttons or pedalsi which allow you to accelerate and brake
Sensors are used to pick up left/right movement so that the user gets the sensation of
steering a car around a circuit or on the road.

Uses
Used in video/computer games (for example, car racing games) and used in simulators (for
example, car-driving simulators to mimic actual vehicle controls,
ADVANTAGES
Easier than a keyboard or joystick to control steering movements, it is more natural.
The 'driving experience' is nearer to how an actual steering wheel and other controls
operate in real life.

DISADVANTAGES
It can be a rather expensive input device compared to mouse or joystick.
Movements in the steering can be too sensitive, giving an unrealistic 'feel’.
TOUCH SCREENS

With a touch screen the user can choose an option by simply touching a button/
icon on the screen. The selection is automatically made without the need for any
pointing device.

Personal digital assistant (PDAs, mobile phones and satellite navigation systems)
Interactive white boards in education computer based training (CBT) where answers
are selected during on-screen testing
They can obviously also be used as an output device, since they still work as a flat-
screen monitor.
ADVANTAGES
Faster entry of options than using keyboard or mouse it is very easy method
for choosing options. User friendly no training necessary in its use

DISADVANTAGES
Limited number of options available. Can lead to problems if an operator has to use
the system frequently (straining of arm muscles, RSI, etc., are all possible).
The screen can get very dirty with constant touching, this can reduce its
responsiveness and can also make it more difficult to read in strong light
SCANNERS

Scanners are used to enter information from hard copy (for example, text
documents, photographs) into a computer. The most common type is the flatbed
scanner (shown on the right), which is made up of a glass panel and lid. The hard
copy document or photo is scanned by a fight source and produces a computer
readable image. Specialist scanners exist that are designed to carry out a specific
task, for example barcode scanners.
SCANNERS

Scan in documents and convert into a format for use in various software
packages, scan in old/valuable documents/books, thus protecting the originals,
as well as producing records in case the paper copies are lost/destroyed (this is
also known as archiving. ) ,scan in photographs and scan in barcodes at POS
terminals.
ADVANTAGES
Images can be stored for editing later.It is possible to recover damaged documents and
photographs by scanning in and then using appropriate software to produce an acceptable
copy.

DISADVANTAGES
Quality can be limited depending on how good a resolution, the scanner is capable of(
since most scanners have a range of resolutions you can change from) and they can be
fairly slow on scanning especially if the color scanning mode is chosen or if the chosen
scanning resolution is high.
VIDEO CAMERA

Since the video footage is simply a number of still photos "stitched" together, this
allows a digital camera to take reasonable videos.These cameras are often referred
to as DV (digital video) cameras, they store compressed photo frames at a speed of
25 MB per second-this is known as Motion jpeg.
ADVANTAGES

[It is much easier to manipulate video footage using specialist software (for example,
remove all the colour except one colour to give dramatic effects, etc.)
DV format gives a very high quality of image which lends itself to effective editing.
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