LM6000-PF Gas Turbine

Aeroderivative Leader in
Dry Low Emissions
Technology

© Copyright 2008 General Electric Company. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be
copied or distributed in whole or in part, without prior written permission of the copyright owner.
LM6000-PF …
… lower emissions …
… while adding flexibility …
… creating more value.

Improved maintainability & greater durability

Greater operating flexibility
• tolerance to fuel variation
• cold weather operation
 The LM6000 Evolution Continues!!
Utilizing proven, advanced technologies to deliver greater value
LPC + HPC
50 Benefits: Sprint ®

• >42% Efficiencies
• Dry Low Emissions HPC Sprint®
• Dual Fuel DLE -PD -PF Sprint®
Sprint® @ 15ppm
45 • >97% Availability
Output (MW)

-PC
-PD -PF @ 15ppm
Dual
Fuel
40
-PA
-PB

CF6-80C2 CF6-80E1
35
1985 1989 1993 1997 2001 2005 2009
History of DLE technology development
105
LMS100
95
LM6000
85
LM2500
75 DLE
Output (MW)

65 DLE1 DLE1 .5
2
55
45
PD----->PF
|--> +G4
35
+ ---
25
15
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Sharing design approaches across
LM DLE products

LM6000

Not to scale
for illustration purposes,
to show similarity

LM2500

25ppm versions shown

Relation of NOx to firing temperature …
… using technology for lower emissions or …
… for higher power

50
DLE1 DLE1.5
40
+ to G4
30
PD DLE2
to
NOx

PF to PH
20
PF
10
DLE2 +
Adv Materials
0
2300 2400 2500 2600

Firing Temperature ( i.e. power)

DLE 1.5 Technology
for the LM6000-PF
Components redesigned in
DLE1.5 technology
Fuel manifold and valving
Premixers
Combustor
Control system
LM6000-PF 15ppm Program
First Engine to Test surpassed all test goals
• 15ppm Nox (gas fuel)
• 65ppm Nox (liquid Fuel)
• Identical Performance to PD
• Improved operability
(acoustics) over current FETT Engine in test cell
25ppm DLE combustor
1st unit in commercial operation
as of Aug 2005;
• Reached hot-section in 2008
with 23k hours.
• Hardware in excellent conditions.
First unit – for new GT genset shipped in 1st half of 2006,
commissioned in 2007. Now with more than 15k hours
LM6000-PD
Triple Annular
25ppm Dry Fuel Combustor
System
LM6000-PF
Triple Annular
15ppm Dry Fuel Combustor
System

Improved combustor with premixers

Additional manifolds and valves
Software changes
NO other changes to turbomachinery
DLE 1.5 Combustor
 Benefit 1 = Lower NOx !!
Changes in the combustor design provide
increased airflow for fuel premixing
to operate with lower flame temperature
and generate lower emissions
DLE1 LM2500/+ & LM6000-PD DLE1.5  LM2500+G4 & LM6000-PF

Into air to
Redirect air to cool premix with
heatshield wings
gas fuel

•Wingless center heatshields

•Short wing inner and outer heatshields
•Modified pre-mixers to optimize fuel to air ratio in the combustor
Benefit 2 = Replaceable Heat Shields !!

Dome assembly Details of Secondary retention

Spacer
(A286)

Retaining
Nut
(IN718)
Roll Pin
(Weld over Pin)
Retaining
Nut
(IN718)
DLE 1.5 Fuel System
 Optimize the gas fuel system to provide
ability to better distribute the fuel Bp2

B elbo
1

B Manifold 2 Bp3

I gnit er Igniter 6
354 6 354 18
18 306o 342
306o 342 30
30 330
330
Flame 318 42
F lam e 42
318 294o
294o
306 54 306 54
SV
66
ELBO 294 66
DPS
294

282 78
DPS
81o

Manifold 282 78 81o

SV 270 90
270 90
DPS
258 102
DPS 261o
258 102
261o
246
114
246 114
234
126
234
126 222 DPS
138
222 DPS 117o
138 210
117o 150
198 162
210 150 186 174
198 Igniter
186 162 129o
174 I gnit er
129o

SV

MV MV
MV

Main Fuel System

MV Main Fuel System

DLE1system DLE1.5 system

•Two-flow ELBO •Variable ELBO
•Single B manifold •Segmented B manifolds
•3 metering valves •5 metering valves
Benefit 3 = Better DLE Operability !!
DLE1.0 3 x Gas Metering Valve Configuration:

PILOT ELBO

GMVP - PILOT (30 cups)

Fuel Gas IN
GMVO - OUTER (30 cups)

GMVI - INNER (15 cups)

Benefit 3 = Better DLE Operability !!
DLE1.5 5 x Gas Metering Valve Configuration:

PILOT ELBO

GMVP2 - PILOT (15 cups)

GMVP3 - PILOT (15 cups)

Fuel Gas IN
GMVO - OUTER (30 cups)

GMVI - INNER (15 cups)

DLE 1.5 Premixer
ELBO fuel injection for flame stability

ELBO Fuel injection

ELBO fuel
Swirl Vane
ELBO
Outer fuel
ELBO = “Enhanced Lean Blow Out” Swirler Fuel
Injection
~10% fuel injected through shroud trailing Ports
edge provides relatively fuel-rich region to aid Air
flame stabilization under very fuel-lean
conditions ELBO
Fuel
Axial dispersal of fuel injection aids in
Swirl vane
combustion acoustic control fuel passage
Optimize premixers for the specific operating
characteristics of the engine model
– Flow, pressure, temperature

Fuel injection holes

for thorough
premixing with air

ELBO holes
DLE 1.5 Control
Introduce the necessary logic to the
control system
Optimize fuel to air
regulation
New staging logic
Computing capacity
Summary of features and advantages
of DLE1.5 vs. 1.0
• DLE1.0 has only one B ring metering valve.
• DLE1.5 B ring has two metering valves, B2 cup & B3 cup
for greater flexibility in fuel injection.
• DLE1.0 B2 cup ELBO is set either to high or low flow
• DLE1.5 adds B3 cup ELBO which is fixed & B2 cup ELBO is
continuously variable as a function of burner mode and
is tunable. This is used to provide lower acoustics which
deliver additional margin in operability.
• DLE1.5 B2 cup ELBO is off at max power hence NOx levels
are lower (2-5 ppm lower).
DLE Combustor NOx Characteristics
- Gas Fuel
Throttle push
B - dome
Ambient Temp. Temperature
Effect. Colder Increasing
Bleed control B-dome
Temp Produce
Bulk Flame temp
Higher NOx.
Peaks @~30F Temperatures ~18-25 ppm increases
NOx

Decreasing drive
higher
NOx
level

~10-15 ppm
55 90 100
% Power
From 90 to 100% power, most of the NOx
is generated in the B dome
 With the new premixers and control valves the DLE
1.5 system is capable of maintaining a much flatter
emissions characteristic
Std 25ppm DLE

25 ppm
NOx

15 ppm

15ppm DLE

50 ~91-93 100
Additional experience is needed
to identify emissions signature % Power
for wider range of inlet
temperatures and power levels For illustration purposes only – not to scale
 DLE1.5
Technology Experience
PGT25+G4 Fleet Leader Experience

At 12079 hrs borescope

inspection:
• Great hardware conditions
PGT25+G4 Fleet Leader Experience - 12079 hrs
LM6000-PF Hot Section @ 23.5k hours