Reviewer for 3rd Mid-Quarter Assessment

PEH 4 Recreational Water Sports – It is fun-filled,

great stress-relievers, and help you relax,
Lesson 1: Recreational Activities
refresh and rejuvenate.
Recreational Activities – Recreationa l
WIRCACA
activities are often done for enjoyment,
amusement, or pleasure and are considered to Lesson 1: Work Ethics
be "fun".
Professionalism
Types of Recreation
▪ Professionalism is defined by who you are,
Indoor Activities – are undertaken on the what you do, and how others perceive you.
comfort of one’s home or more specifica lly
To be a Professional, it needs to have a strong
indoor and they are to recreate the mind and
WORK ETHICS.
soul.
Work Ethics
Outdoor Activities – refers to recreation
engaged in out of doors, most commonly in  Work ethics are a set of standards and
natural settings. rules that are required by an individual for
satisfactory work performance.
Active Recreation – is leisure time physica l
activity undertaken outside of structured, Two Types of Work Ethics
competition sport. It is a set of activitie s
1. Personal (i.e. sincerity, respect for the job,
within the wider range of physical activity
options that also include active living, active regularity, punctuality, seriousness)
transport and sport. 2. Specific to a work situation:
Passive Recreation – It refers to recreationa l ▪ Keeping certain information confidential.
activities that do not require prepared
facilities like sports fields or pavilions. It ▪ Maintaining cordial relation with clients
does not require physical exertion. and agencies.

Lesson 2: Aquatics ▪ Being prepared to take up new tasks.

Aquatics – it is a broad term used for CHARACTERISTCS OF WORK

activities done in or on the water. ETHICS

Types of Aquatics Activities 1. Attendance

Competitive Water Sports – It can either be ▪ Attendance often have a large impact on
individual or team-based. individual and team success.

Individual Water Sports – It is defined as ▪ Absenteeism can also profoundly impact

an individual performance that brings out the the job performance and retention.
best in each contender. HOW TO MAINTAIN GOOD
Team Water Sports – It involves teamwork, ATTENDANCE
synchronization of movements, balance, ▪ Make work a high priority
energy, and a joint effort to succeed and win.
▪ Know your schedule • Having realistic expectations for self
▪ Make use of an alarm clock 6. Productivity
▪ Get enough sleep ▪ Conserving materials
▪ Arrange your transportation ▪ Keeping the work area neat and clean
▪ Inform your supervisor of an ▪ Following directions properly
absence 7. Organizational Skills
2. Character ▪ Preparing for assignments at home
 Loyalty ▪ Prioritize–what’s most important?
 Honesty
▪ Set timetables–list what you have achieved
 Trustworthiness
and what is still pending
 Dependability
 Reliability ▪ Spend time wisely
 Initiative
8. Communication Skills
 Self-discipline
 Self-responsibility ▪ Verbal or nonverbal must be clear
3. Team Work ▪ On point
 Respecting the rights of others ▪ Empathetic
 Being a team worker
 Being cooperative ▪ We must always treat others as we would
 Being assertive like others to treat us
 Seeking opportunities for 9. Cooperation
 continuous learning
 Demonstrating mannerly behavior ▪ Developing good working relationships
 Respecting confidentiality ▪ Following the chain of command
4. Appearance ▪ Good at conflict management
“A person makes their first impression of ▪ Being a good problem solver
someone in three seconds.”
10. Respect
• Dress Appropriately
▪ Work to the best of your ability
• Personal hygiene
▪ Do what’s asked the first time
• Good manners
▪ Accept and acknowledge an individua l’ s
5. Attitude talents and knowledge
• Demonstrating a positive attitude
• Appearing self-confident
Things to remember: ▪ Use a fire extinguisher.
▪ Act in a professional manner When potential hazard is discovered:
▪ Keep your personal life private  Make sure that everyone else your
workplace is aware of the problem.
▪ Do not steal
 Notify your supervisor. Make sure that
▪ Do not waste resources everyone, Unless you are the supervisor
in the workplace; then get going aware of
Lesson 2: Safety at the Workplace the problem. on that safety committe e
Remember: “Safety is not an accident." plan.
 File any reports or documents about the
COMMON SAFETY ISSUES problem.
▪ Falls are the number one leading cause of  Follow up. Telling someone there's a file
injury in the workplace. any reports or problem is not a guarantee
documents about the that the problem will
“The major cause of falls in the workplace is be problem resolved satisfactorily.
the use of improper lifting techniques.”
SAFETY IN THE OFFICE
Proper Lifting Techniques
1. Warm Up - Consider simple exercises
such as jumping jacks to get warmed up prior
to lifting tasks.
2. Stand close to load - Stand as close to the
load as possible when lifting.
3. Bend your knees - Bending your knees
and keeping your upper body upright allows
you to use your legs to lift, rather than your
back. WORKSHOP SAFETY RULES
4. Grip the load - Some loads are not too
heavy, but are simply too large to grip easily.
5. Lower load in reverse - Some loads are
not too heavy, but are simply too large to grip
easily.
FIRE SAFETY
Fire Safety Techniques
▪ The best safety advice related to fire safety
is to stay calm.
▪ Move to designated assembly point.
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF THE SYSTEM
OF SAFETY SIGNS
Yellow, continue to cross only if unable to
stop safely.
Green, indicate the end of a green cycle
before the light changes to a yellow.
Red, do not cross.
Traffic Lights are signalling devices
positioned at road intersections, pedestrian
crossings and other locations to control
competing flows of traffic.
 8. Check Yourself- practice proper hygiene
and care
• Take a bath or a deodorant if needed. Do not
force yourself to engage in physical activity
if you are feeling sick.
9. Move on the double; do not loiter around
the venue or hang on the equipment doing
nothing.
Lesson 3: Proper Etiquette and Safety in the
Use of Facilities and Equipments • Do not handle it until such time the teacher
gives instructions on how to operate the said
1. Take care in using facilities and equipment. You could break the equipment
equipment. or cause harm to yourself or others.
• In consideration of the school’s effort and 10. Be nice, as a general rule!
of other students who will benefit from using
the facilities and equipments, it is in good WORKPLACE ETIQUETTE AND
form to handle them with care and use them MANNERS
solely on their purpose. What is Etiquette?
• This is to prevent having them misplaced, ➢ The practices and forms prescribed by
stolen or become unnecessary clutters in the social convention or by authority.
training area that can cause accidents.
➢ The word “Etiquette” is derived from
2. Only use equipments that you already
French which actually means “Ticket”, your
know how to use, do not leave or pass on
equipments that is in complete disarray or ticket to getting anything & any place you
want.
dirty.
3. Be alert and aware in the training area. ➢ It is defined as good behaviour which
distinguishes human beings from animals.
4. In performing exercises and movement in
general, practice good form first. Why is Etiquette important?

5. Bring back all equipment in place after use. ➢ To avoid negative confrontation

6. Do not hug the equipment. ➢ To avoid politics, i.e., in the office or

workplace
7. Return the equipment properly or leave the
venue clean. ➢ To communicate effectively with an
• Doing exercises in improper form deficit its opposing opinion of another person(s)
benefits. ➢ To be organized and in a uniformed way
• Do not monopolized the equipments. Allow
➢ Avoid work-place tension/conflicts
everyone a fair use of facilities.
➢ To avoid employee stress
➢ Avoid misunderstandings ❑ Remove slang terms and use good
listening skills
➢ Employee job satisfaction
❑ Do not gossip
➢ Increase productivity
❑ Keep your personal workspace clean and
➢ Get the job done neat at all times
➢ To make the workplace a happy, stress- ❑ Cell phone - turn it on silent or vibratio n
free place mode
Etiquette Basics
❑ Find out what the organization values,
Behaviour: philosophy of conducting Business, work
ethic etc.
➢ Exhibit a positive attitude and pleasant
demeanor Making a positive impression

➢ Use a firm handshake ❖ Arrive on time

➢ Maintain good eye contact ❖ Remember your manners

➢ Appropriate introductions – introduce ❖ Be ready to learn, adapt & change

someone by their title and last name (Ms.
❖ Exercise professional maturity by showing
Mrs. Mr. Dr.), unless otherwise specified
good judgement & build good relationship
➢ Rise when are introducing someone or you
❖ Show a healthy respect for your
are being introduced
colleague's experience & expertise
➢ Be a good listener and soft spoken
❖ Do not laugh at other weakness
➢ Show common respect and consideratio n
❖ Respond properly to your co-workers,
for others
supervisor & clients
Sensory reminders of how to get along in
❖ Proper posture is important
the workplace

❑ Monitor the volume of conversations ❖ “PLEASE & THANK YOU” use it often

❖ Willingness to help
❑ Keep personal telephone conversations
emails to a minimum ❖ Mutual respect & Punctuality
❑ Maintain privacy - keep all workplace ❖ Teamwork
conversations professional
❖ Show appreciation & give credits for job
❑ Avoid interruptions well done
❑ Use appropriate tone of voice ❖ Treat everyone equally
❖ Try not to step on anyone’s toes, or hurt The Purpose and Goal of Ecumenis m
anyone’s feelings The ultimate goal of ecumenism is the
recognition of sacramental validity,
❖ Be Kind, Be Courteous, Be Respectful eucharistic sharing, and the reaching of full
communion between different Christia n
❖ Keep in mind that others work around you
denominations.
❖ Remember cubical conversations and calls The Various Forms of Local Ecumenism
can be heard by others
1. Sharing in Prayer and Worship
❖ Do not smoke or drink at your workplace
2. Common Bible Work – German translatio n
❖ Do not Spit by Martin Luther

❖ Do not use your cell phone when you are 3. Joint Pastoral Care
in business meeting 4. Shared Promises
FCL 4 5. Collaboration in Education
Lesson 1: Ecumenism 6. Joint Use of Communication Media
Ecumenism – is a vital mission of the Church 7. Cooperation in the Health Field
that needs to be understood more fully and
correctly, especially as we enter this 8. National and International Emergencies
ostensibly pivotal third millennium. 9. Belief of Human Needs
Other meanings:
10. Social Problems
- Unity 11. Sodepax Group
- Beliefs
12. Bilateral Dialogue
- Principles
13. Meetings of Heads of Communions
- Desires to attain unity all over the world
14. Joint Working Group
Purpose: 15. Councils of Churches and Christia n
- World Peace Councils

- To avoid conflict, discrimination among King James Bible

Christians & Non-Christians
- Christian Bible
Martin Luther – brightest priest - Catholic Bible

Oikos – house Jerusalem Bible

Oikeo – dwell/live - 73 Books

- 27 – New Testament
Oikoumene – the land of peace and harmony - 46 – Old Testament
2 Greatest Commandments RESPECT FOR INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
1. You shall love your God with all your
heart, with your mind, with all your soul, and - What isn’t yours, you shouldn’t claim as
with all your might. (1-3) your own.
2. You shall love your neighbor as you love
your self. (4-10)
PROTECTION (from harm, exploitatio n,
III and harassment)
Lesson 1: Ethical Standards in Research - Respondents/participants should not be
(Camilar-Serrano, 2016) subjected to harm, risky experimentatio n,
and unjust treatment of any kind.
Remember: C.H.O.C.O.RIP.P.IC.
PRIVACY
CONFIDENTIALITY
- Right to express one’s thoughts without
- Identity of respondents (and their data) is
compromising one’s identity and
kept with utmost care and secrecy.
reputation
- Data shall not be used for intentions other
- “Doxxing” (the deliberate act of
than research.
exposing one’s identity for one’s gain)
HONESTY
INFORMED CONSENT
- Researchers state true intentions of their
- Researchers are to ask before telling
study, and execute right collection of data.
respondents of anything.
OBJECTIVITY
- “Don’t ask, don’t tell.”
- Researchers must be free of any bias to any
Lesson 2: Plagiarism, Citation, and
denomination, standard, allegiance, and
Attribution
thought.
Academic Dishonesty
CAREFULNESS
- “committing/contributing to dishonest acts
- Negligence is out of the question!
by those engaged in teaching, learning,
- Meticulous ways and means of research, and related academic activities”
composition, collection, and presentatio n
(Cizek, 2003; Whitley, Jr. & Keith-Spiege l,
of data.
2002)
OPENNESS
Tenets of Academic Dishonesty
- Researchers are to share and mentor their
Cheating
ideas, methods, and products with other
researchers. - deliberate illegal way of getting through
an academic endeavor.
- Overall respect between/amo ng
researchers are highly encouraged.  Passing of notes
 Signals (e.g. tap once for A, tap twice for Kinds of Plagiarism (Torneo & Torneo,
B, etc.) 2017)
 Leakage of exams Verbatim Plagiarism
Fabrication - aka. Copy-paste/cut-paste plagiarism
- The act of making up data/results and - Copying text from a reference word per
reporting them as authentic. (Israel & word without properly indicating that it came
Hay, 2006) from another source.
- "presenting speculations" (Hart, 1998) Mosaic Plagiarism
Falsification - Copying texts from various references and
changing several words, then sewing them
- "manipulation/misrepresentation of other together to pass it off as a “paraphrased”
people's work" (Torneo, & Torneo, 2017)
attribution/citation.
- Changing, altering, and/or omitting of Misattribution Plagiarism
text, ideas, or information from other
studies for convenience/purpose of the - Attribution/citation of a text to:
researcher.
 A wrong source
Plagiarism  A non-existent/fictional source

- “the act of knowingly using another Self-Plagiarism

person’s work, and passing it off as your
- Duplication of a self-produced text without
own” (Hart, 1998)
proper attribution.
- “appropriation of another person’s
- Replication of a previously self-produced
ideas, processes, results, or words,
text, and submitting it to an
without giving appropriate credit”
individual/authority without disclosing it
(Israel & Hay, 2006)
first.
- From the Latin word plagar ("to steal")
Citation & Attribution (Torneo & Torneo,
- The words "plagiarism" and "plague" are 2017)
relative to each other, as they share the
same etymology.
UNINTENTIONAL when…
- Citations are poorly done
- Paraphrases are insufficient
INTENTIONAL when…
- References and content are deliberate ly
stolen, and miscredited
When do we cite? Lesson 3: MLA, APA, and CMS Styles of
Citation
a. When paraphrasing statements from
another source Citation
b. Summarizing ideas from another source “directly making use of the original idea of
the author”
c. Quoting what was written/said by another
source (Torneo, & Torneo, 2017)
d. Making references/ideas of another source Citation Style/Style Guide
How do we cite? - A set of standards used to write, format, and
design certain documents
In-text citation
Research papers = citation style
- Narrative
Examples:
(embedded within the sentence)
 APA
- Parenthetical
 MLA
(indexed at the end of the sentence)
 CMS
Referential Citation
 Harvard-Anglia
- Arranging of references used at the end of
the research paper  ISO 690
- Hanging indentions  Strunk (1918)
Citation Decision Chart (Harris, 2001)  Oxford
 CSE
 Turabian
 IEEE
 ASA
Modern Language Association Handbook
(MLA)
Publication Manual of the American PHILOSOPHY
Psychological Association (APA)
Lesson 1: Nature of Philosophy
Etymology of Philosophy
Philos/Philein – love (lover of)
Sophia – wisdom
What is Philosophy?
 The Ancient Greek word “philosophia”
was coined by Pythagoras and literally
means “love of wisdom” or “friend of
wisdom”
 Science that studies beings in their
ultimate causes, reasons and princip le s
through the aid of human reason alone.
The Chicago Manual of Style  The rational investigation of the truth and
(CMS/Chicago) principles of being, knowledge, or
conduct. (Dictionary.com)
 A particular set of ideas about
knowledge, truth and meaning of life.
(Merriam-Webster Dictionary)
Why is Philosophy an Interesting
Discipline?
 Without Philosophy, other Sciences
would not have emerged.
 The field of investigation that go beyond
techniques or systems.
 Philosophy requires metacognition in
order to arrive a certain viewpoint.
Basic Questions in Philosophy:
 What’s there?
 How did you find out?
 What is its importance?
Being Philosophical
 Having a way of thinking.
 Examining points of view in a systematic Lesson 2: Philosophical Perspective
and disciplined way.
Perspective/Point of View
 Asking the right kinds of questions.
 is a way of looking at a situation or fact
 Realizing that there is much to know. based on true relation or relative
importance.
Philosophy as a Second-Order Inquiry
Partial Point of View
 is the way of assessing a situation using a
particular point of view based on personal
beliefs and experiences.
Holistic Point of View
 is a way of assessing a situation using all
possible angles and weighing each
perspective for the best answer.

The Big Three

Summary:
 Philosophy is the mother of all
disciplines.
 Philosophy is thinking about thinking.
 Philosophy will offer us different and
broader perspective that allows us to
understand one another.
“No matter how thin you slice it, there will
always be two sides.” – Baruch Spinoza
Lesson 3: Deliberate Reflection Siddharta Gautama
“Ignorance is bliss.” – Thomas Gray  He established Buddhism in 5th century
which is now one of the biggest religio ns
Reflection
in the world
- is used to refer to being engaged in thought,  However, before Buddha was able to
daydreaming or recollecting an event in our produce his teachings, he had to go
minds. through a long deliberate reflection.
 Through meditation and deliberate
Rene Descartes reflection, he was able to understand the
 Father of Modern Philosophy relationship of man to his surroundings.
 He understood how human are related to
 Skepticism – the process of doubting in his surroundings, especially to animals,
order to reach for the only thing – which is evident in his teachings about
certainty. reincarnation.
 Descartes argued that in this world of  Moreover, through a deliberate reflectio n
uncertainty and doubts, one thing is sure, of human actions, he realized that the
he is a thinking thing. Because even if any purpose of man is to end sufferings in this
entity were to try to deceive him into world and reach Nirvana.
thinking that he exists when he does not, Two Levels of Reflection According to
he would have to exist in order for that Gabriel Marcel
entity to deceive him.
 Primary Reflection – it dissolves the
 Therefore, whenever he thinks, he exists. unity of the experience by emphasizing
 “Cogito ergo sum” – I think, therefore, I the parts rather than approaching it as a
am. whole.

Socrates  Secondary Reflection – it is the attempt

to see the parts in relation to the whole –
 is considered as one of the greatest Greek to interpret the parts with the whole in
Philosophers. sight.
 However, he left no written accounts of
his teachings. He was also executed for
engaging the youths in an intellectua l
discourse.
Socratic Method – is the style of inquiry that
Socrates used. This method involved a
continuous pattern of asking questions until a
contradiction or flaw is found.
“The unexamined life is not worth living.”
- Socrates
 EMTECH information presented. There was no active
communication or information flow from
Lesson 1: Introduction to Information and
consumer to producer. The overall goal was
Communications Technology
to present products to potential customers as
INFORMATION AND catalogue or a brochure.
COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY
Web 2.0 – The writing and participating
▪ ICT is an umbrella term that includes any web
communication device or applicatio n,
➢ The year 1999 marked the beginning of a
encompassing radio, television, cellula r
Read-Write-Publish era. Now even a non-
phones, computer and network hardware and
technical user can actively interact and
software, satellite systems and so on, as well
contribute to the web using different blog
as the various services and applicatio ns
associated with them, such as platforms. The web 2.0 has the ability to
videoconferencing and distance learning. contribute content and interact with other
web users. Publishing your content is only
▪ Modern definitions describe ICT as the few clicks away.
convergence of several technologie s
including internet and wireless medium Few remarkable developments of Web 2.0
focusing primarily on the access and sharing are Twitter, YouTube, and Facebook.
of information. KEY FEATURES OF WEB 2.0
▪ It may also be defined as, Information and a. Folksonomy - allow users to categorize
Communication Technologies (ICT or ICTs) and classify or arrange information using
are digital forms of communication includ ing freely chosen keywords such as tagging.
tools available on the Internet, such as Popular social networking sites such as
blogging and email, as well as computer Twitter, Instagram and Facebook use tags
software, such as Microsoft PowerPoint and that start with pound sign (#) also referred to
Word. as hashtag.
The Evolution of Web Technologies b. Rich User Experience – content is
dynamic and is responsive to user’s input.
Web was introduced by Tim Berners-Lee in
late 1989. He viewed of the capabilities of the c. User Participation – the owner of the
World Wide Web was expressed by three website is not the only one who is able to put
innovations, typically associated with three content. Others can place a content of their
phases: namely, the Web of documents (Web own by means of comments, reviews and
1.0), the Web of people (Web 2.0) and the evaluation.
Web of data (Web 3.0).
d. Long Tail – services that are offered on
Web 1.0 – The shopping carts and static demand rather than on a one-time purchase.
web This is synonymous to subscribing to a data
plan that charges you for the amount of time
➢ Experts call the Internet before 1999 as the
you spent in the internet or a data plan that
“Read-Only-Web”. The average internet
charges you for the amount of bandwidth you
user’s role was limited to reading the
used.
e. Software as a Service – users will an alternate version of what we already have.
subscribe to a software only when needed We needed to adapt to its surroundings. Web
rather than purchasing them. This is cheaper 4.0 connects all devices in the real and virtua l
option if you do not always need to use world in real-time.
software.
Lesson 2: Online Systems: Functions and
f. Mass Participation – diverse informat io n Platforms
sharing through universal web access. Since
ONLINE SYSTEMS: FUNCTIONS AND
most users can use the internet, Web 2.0’s
PLATFORMS
content is based on people from various
cultures. ▪ Online systems are online versions of
information systems, which are “the process
Web 3.0 – The semantic executing web
of and tools for storing,
➢ The semantic web is a movement led by
managing, using, and gathering of data and
the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). communications in an organizatio n.
The W3C standard encourages web
Information systems are tools for sending out
developers to include semantic content in communications and storing files in a
their web pages. The term was coined by the business.” Online systems can vary in nature
inventor of the World Wide Web, Tim- since there are many services that are now
Berners-Lee. offered online.
➢ The Web 3.0 would be a read-write- ▪ The concept “online” is described as a state
execute web its basis is the semantic mark up of being connected to the cyberspace through
and web services. a medium of internet or simply to a computer
Semantic markup refers to the network.
communication gap between human web ▪ A platform is a system that can be
users and computerized applications. A web programmed and customized by outside
service is a software system designed to developers who are the users. The
support computer-to-computer interactio n development of applications varies as the
over the internet. By combining these two, users evaluate and recreate the programs
the Web 3.0 promises the potential for based on their needs.
applications that can speak to each other
directly. Examples are Wolfram Alpha and COMMON ONLINE PLATFORMS
Apple’s Siri which can summarize large 1. Social Media Platform. It is a web-based
amounts of information into knowledge and technology that allows the development,
useful actions for people. sts based on their deployment, and management of social
meaning. media solutions and services. It provides
Web 4.0 – The Mobile Web solutions to creating social media websites.

➢ Recent advancements in handset design Social Media are computer-mediated tools

that allow people or companies to create,
and web technology have increased the use of
share, or exchange information, career
mobile phones and devices to access the web.
The web 4.0 is not really a new version but is
interests, ideas, and pictures/videos in virtua l several free blogging platforms like Blogger,
communities and networks. WordPress and Tumblr. On the other hand,
forums are typically part of a certain website
Six Types of Social Media
or web service.
a. Social Networks. These are sites that
Examples: Blogger, WordPress, Tumblr
allow users to connect with the same interests
or background. Once a user creates his or her 2. E-commerce Platform. It is a collectio n
account, he or she can set up a profile, add of software technologies that allows
people, create groups, and share content. merchants to create a storefront to the
internet.
Examples: Facebook, Discord, Telegram
Examples: Shopify, Lazada, Shopee, eBay
b. Bookmarking Sites. These are sites that
allow users to store and manage links to 3. Online Learning Platform. Interactive
various websites and resources. Most of these online services that provide wide range of
sites allow users to create a tag that allow tools and resources to support and enhance
others to easily search and share them. education through the internet.
Examples: StumbleUpon, Pinterest, Dribble Examples: LinkedIn, Edmodo, Kahoot,
Coursera
c. Social News. These are sites that allow
users to post their own news items or links to 4. Online Video Platform. It is a service
other news sources. The users can comment providing end-to-end tools used to create,
on the post and are also capable of voting on customize, publish, and manage videos
these news articles. Those who get the most online.
amounts of votes are shown most
Examples: YouTube, TikTok, Vimeo
prominently.
5. Collaboration Platforms are business
Examples: Reddit, Digg, Slashdot
software that adds broad social networking
d. Media Sharing. These are sites that allow capabilities to work processes. The goal of a
users to upload and share media content like collaboration software application is to foster
images, music and videos. Most of these sites innovation by incorporating knowledge
have additional social features like, liking, management into business processes so
commenting, and having user profiles. employees can share information and solve
business problems more efficiently.
Examples: YouTube, Instagram, TikTok
Examples:
e. Microblogging. These are sites that focus
on short updates from the user. Those ▪ Google Docs, Sheets, Google Drive
subscribed to the user will be able to receive
▪ Microsoft OneDrive and SharePoint
these updates.
▪ Dropbox
Examples: Twitter, Plurk, Twister
▪ Trello
f. Blogs and Forums. These websites allow
users to post their content. Other users are ▪ Visme
able to comment on the said topic. There are
Lesson 3: Online Safety and Security, Ethics e. Adware – a program designed to send you
and Netiquettes advertisements, mostly as pop-ups.
COMMON ISSUES AND CRIMES ON 2. Spam – unwanted email mostly from bots
THE INTERNET or advertisers. It can be used to send malware.
Web-based threats, or online threats, are a 3. Phishing – Its goal is to acquire personal
category of cybersecurity risks that may sensitive information like passwords and
cause an undesirable event or action via the credit card details. This is done by sending
internet. Regardless of intent or cause, the you an email that will direct the user to visit
consequences of a web threat may damage a website and be asked to update his/her
both individuals and organizations. In recent username, password, credit card or personal
years, the landscape of web threats has grown information.
significantly. Technologies like smart
4. Hacking - it is the unauthorized access to
devices and high-speed mobile networks
or control over computer network security
have allowed for an always-connected vector
systems or a private network inside a
of malware, fraud, and other complications.
computer for some illicit purpose.
Here are some Internet Threats that you
5. Identity Theft - is the crime of obtaining
should be aware of:
the personal or financial information of
1. Malware – stands for malicious software. another person for the sole purpose of
assuming that person's name or identity to
a. Virus – a malicious program designed to
make transactions or purchases online.
replicate itself and transfer from one
computer to another either through the 6. Plagiarism - occurs when an author copies
Internet or local networks or data storage like the text of another author, word for word,
flash drives and CD’s. may it be from the internet or from a book
without the use of quotation marks or
b. Worm – a malicious program that transfer
attribution, thus passing it as his or her own.
s from one computer to another by any type
of means. Often it uses a computer network 7. Cyberbullying - is the use of technolo gy
to spread itself. For example, the I LOVE to repeatedly and intentionally harass, hurt,
YOU worm (Love Bug Worm) created by a embarrass, humiliate, or intimidate another
Filipino. person. Examples of cyberbullying includ e
sending hurtful texts or instant messages,
c. Trojan – a malicious program that is
posting embarrassing photos or video on
disguised as a useful program but once
social media, and spreading mean rumors
downloaded or installed leaves your PC
online or with cell phones.
unprotected and allows hackers to get your
information. 8. Copyright Issues - copyright infringeme nt
occurs when a copyrighted work is
d. Spyware – a program that runs in the
reproduced, distributed, performed, public ly
background without you knowing it thus
displayed, or made into a derivative work
called “spy.” It has the ability to monitor what
without the permission of the copyright
you are currently doing and typing through
owner.
keyboard
Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012  Social sciences give us a better
(Republic Act No. 10175) – The cybercrime understanding of how to create more
law covers all other online anomalies such as inclusive and effective institutions.
identity theft, child pornography, data
misuse, cybersquatting, and other computer-
related and Internet-facilitated-practices.
CESC
Hanapin mo nalang beh sa MS Teams Files
yung CESC Unit 123 Lesson.pdf lol
katamad ang dami eh mapapa-wtf ka pramis?
DIASS
Lesson 1 – Introduction to the Social
Sciences and Applied Social Sciences Applied Social Science

Social Science The study that uses the knowledge based

theories, principles, and methods of
 are disciplines concerned with the interdisciplinary discipline of basic social
systematic study of social phenomena. science to understand the society and to help
 are a group of academic address or solve a social problem or practical
disciplines dedicated to examining problem in society.
society. This branch of science studies Beginning in the 1950s, the term behaviora l
how people interact with each other, sciences was often applied to discipline s
behave, develop as a culture, and categorized as social sciences. Some favored
influence the world. this term because it brought these discipline s
 Social sciences are a group of academic closer to some of the sciences, such as
disciplines that focus on how individuals physical anthropology, which also deal with
behave within society. human behavior.

 Some social science majors include

anthropology, psychology, political
science, and economics.
 Typical careers in the social sciences
include working as an economist,
psychologist, social worker, or in law,
government, non-profits, as well as
working in academia.
 Careers in social work and economics
are among some of the fastest-growing
industries in the United States.
 Difference Between Applied Social • to aid counseling, assessment and
Science and Pure Social Science appraisal are being utilized.
Applied science is the discipline of Counselors
science that utilizes scientific information to
- are professionally trained and certified to
develop practical solutions. Pure social
perform counseling.
science, on the other hand, is the discipline of
science that focuses on theories of science - their job is to provide advice or guidance in
and predictions that help understand the decision.
world better.
- making in emotionally significant situatio ns
Why study Applied Social Science? by helping clients.
Through the applied social sciences, Psychometrics
people have developed ways to understand
one's self and the other people around. The - is a branch of psychology that deals with the
applied social science also allows us to design, administration, and interpretation of
quantitative tests for the measurements of
understand better and prove deeper into the
psychological variables such as intelligenc e,
different problems and issues affecting an
aptitude, interests, and personality traits.
individual, group, and society through social
work. CONTEXT AND BASIC CONCEPTS IN
COUNSELING
Lesson 2: The Discipline of Counseling
Peers as Context
Discipline of Counseling – is a relations hip
characterized by the application of one or • Many personal issues are often
more psychological counseling theories and a introduced to the individual by their
recognized set of communication skill peers.
appropriate to a client’s intimate concerns,
problems, or aspirations • Parent influence can help counter the
negative influence that peers have on
Counseling the adolescents’ issues.
• as the process of guiding a person during Neighborhood as Context
a stage of life when resentments or
decisions have to be made about himself • It is an important consideration in
or herself and his or his life course. counseling.

• non-clinical intervention. • It can both introduce additiona l

strengths or challenges to parenting
• widely considered the heart of the and resources that should be
guidance services as a process it involve s considered when working with
two sides: families.
1. individual or group who needs help
2. mature professionally trained counselor
Culture as Context • The counselors are concerned with
the environment and atmosphere
• Provided meaning and coherence of
where to conduct the sessions.
life to any orderly life such as
community and organization. Process Factors
• Source of norms, values, symbols, • Constitute the actual counseling
and language which provide the basis undertaking.
for the normal functioning of an
Vellemean presents the following six stages,
individual.
which for him apply to all problem areas in
Counseling as Context the process of counseling.
• Regardless of a therapeutic approach A. Developing trust – this involve s
in use, the counseling situation is a providing warmth, genuineness, and
context itself. empathy.
• Counseling can be affected by the B. Exploring problem areas – this involve s
counseling context. providing a clear and deep analysis. Of what
the problem is, where it comes from, what
From the counseling context, other success
triggers it, and why it may have developed.
factors such as the following should be
managed well so as to contribute toward the C. Helping to set goals – this involves setting
success of the engagement. and managing goal directed interventions.
Client Factors D. Empowering into action – this means
fostering action to achieve set goals.
• The client factors are everything that
a client brings to the counseling E. Helping to maintain change – this means
context. providing support and other techniques to
enable the client to maintain changes.
• The client brings so much to the
counseling context F. Agreeing when to end the helping
relationship – this implies that assurances
• The success or failure of the
are there that guarantee the process is being
counseling process depends on the
directed by the client and toward
client.
independence.
Counselor Factors
Goals and Scope of Counseling
• The personality, skills, and personal
• Counseling is aimed at empowering a
qualities of a counselor can
client.
significantly impact the outcomes of
the counseling relationship. • The general goal is to lead an individ ua l
client or group to self-emancipation in
Contextual Factors
relation to a felt problem.
• The context in which counseling
• Client empowerment means that they
takes place can define the outcomes.
develop skills and abilities that require
 self-management and improved making interpretations or offering any
motivation. premature suggestions on how to deal
with and solve them.
• The scope of counseling is wide. It
involves application of some • Respect - In all circumstances, clients
psychological theories and recognized must be treated with respect no matter
communication skills. how peculiar or utterly different they are
from the counselor.
• Does not deal with clinical cases
• Empathy and Positive regard - empathy
• It is a professional relationship that
requires the counselor to listen and
requires an eventual closure and
understand the feelings and perspective
termination of the counselee-counse lo r
of the client, while positive regard is an
relationship.
aspect of respect.
Principles of Counseling
• Clarification, Confrontation, and
• Advice – a counselor makes judgments Interpretation – Clarification is an
about a counselee’s problems and lays out attempt by the counselor to restate what
options for a course of action. Advice- the client is either saying or feeling, so the
giving has to avoid breeding a client may learn something or understand
relationship in which the counselee feels the issue better. Confrontation and
inferior and emotionally dependent on the interpretation are other more advanced
counselor. principles used by counselors in their
interventions.
• Reassurance - is a valuable principle that
can bring about a sense of relief that may • Transference and countertransference
empower a client to function normally – when clients are helped to understand
again. transference reactions, they are
empowered to gain understanding of
• Release of emotional tension – important aspects of their emotional life.
counseling provides clients the Countertransference helps both clients
opportunity to get emotional release from
and counselors to understand the
their pent-up frustrations and other emotional and perceptional reactions and
personal issues. The release of tensions how to effectively manage them.
helps remove mental blocks by providing
a solution to the problem. Core Values of Counseling

• Clarified thinking - encourages a client • Respect for human dignity - counselors

to accept responsibility for problems and must provide a client unconditio na l
to be more realistic in solving them. positive regard, compassion, non-
judgmental attitude, empathy, and trust.
• Reorientation - involves a change in the
client’s emotional self through a change • Partnership – a counselor has to foster
in basic goals and aspirations. partnerships with the various discipline s
that come together to support an
• Listening Skills– help counselors to integrated healing that encompasses
understand the client’s concerns without
 various aspects such as the physica l,
emotional, spiritual, and intellectua l
aspects.
• Autonomy – entails respect for
confidentiality and trust in a relations hip
of counseling and ensuring a safe
environment that is needed for healing. It
also means that healing or any advice
cannot be imposed on a client.
• Responsible caring – respecting the
potential of every human being to change
and continue learning throughout his/her
life, and especially in the environment of
counseling.
• Personal Integrity – must reflect
personal integrity, honesty, and
truthfulness with clients.
• Social Justice – accepting and respecting
the diversity of the clients regardless of
the issues presented.
Counselors shall:
• Act with care and respect for individ ua l
and cultural differences and diversity of
human experience.
• Avoid harm in all their professional work.
• Respect the confidence with which they
are entrusted.
• Promote safety and well-being of
individuals, families and communities.
• Seek to increase the range of choices and
opportunities of clients.
• Be honest and trustworthy in all their
professional relationships.
• Practice within the scope of their
competence.
• Treat colleagues and other professiona ls
with respect.