Haydon School

Q1.Central heating fuel, obtained by the fractional distillation of crude oil, contains saturated
hydrocarbons with the molecular formula C16H34

(a) Give the meaning of the terms saturated and hydrocarbon as applied to saturated
hydrocarbons.

Saturated .......................................................................................................

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Hydrocarbon ..................................................................................................

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(2)

(b) If the boiler for a central heating system is faulty, a poisonous gas may be produced
during the combustion of C16H34

Write an equation for the reaction that forms this poisonous gas and one other
product only.

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(1)

(d) A hydrocarbon C16H34 can be cracked to form C8H18, ethene and propene.

(i) Write an equation to show this cracking reaction.

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(1)

(ii) Suggest one important substance manufactured on a large scale from

propene.

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(1)

(iii) Draw the displayed formula of the functional group isomer of propene.

(1)

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 Haydon School
(e) There are many structural isomers with the molecular formula C8H18

Draw the structure of 2,3,3-trimethylpentane.

(1)

(f) A compound C8H18 reacts with chlorine to give several haloalkanes.

Give the IUPAC name of the following haloalkane.

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(1)
(Total 10 marks)

Q2.Some oil-fired heaters use paraffin as a fuel.

One of the compounds in paraffin is the straight-chain alkane, dodecane (C H ). 12 26

(a) Give the name of the substance from which paraffin is obtained.
State the name of the process used to obtain paraffin from this substance.

Substance ......................................................................................................

Process ..........................................................................................................
(2)

(b) The combustion of dodecane produces several products.

Write an equation for the incomplete combustion of dodecane to produce gaseous

products only.

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(1)

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 Haydon School

(d) Dodecane (C H ) can be cracked to form other compounds.

12 26

(i) Give the general formula for the homologous series that contains dodecane.

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(1)

(ii) Write an equation for the cracking of one molecule of dodecane into equal
amounts of two different molecules each containing the same number of
carbon atoms.
State the empirical formula of the straight-chain alkane that is formed.
Name the catalyst used in this reaction.

Equation ...............................................................................................

Empirical formula of alkane ..................................................................

Catalyst .................................................................................................

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(3)

(iii) Explain why the melting point of dodecane is higher than the melting point of
the straight-chain alkane produced by cracking dodecane.

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

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(2)

(e) Give the IUPAC name for the following compound and state the type of structural
isomerism shown by this compound and dodecane.

IUPAC name ..................................................................................................

Type of structural isomerism .........................................................................

(2)

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(f) Dodecane can be converted into halododecanes.

Deduce the formula of a substance that could be reacted with dodecane to produce
1-chlorododecane and hydrogen chloride only.

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(1)
(Total 16 marks)

Q3. One molecule of C H can be cracked to form one molecule of pentane and one other
9 20

product.

(i) Write an equation for this cracking reaction.

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(1)

(ii) Suggest a type of compound that can be manufactured from the other product
of this cracking reaction.

.............................................................................................................

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(1)

(iii) State why a high temperature is needed for cracking reactions to occur.

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(1)

(e) Pentane can react to form the following haloalkane Q.

(i) Name Q.

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(1)

(ii) State the type of structural isomerism shown by Q and the haloalkane shown
below.

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 Haydon School
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(1)
(Total 11 marks)

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