AS LEVEL CHEMISTRY

TOPIC 7 – INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC

Max 50 marks

Name ……………………………………………………………..

Mark ……../50 ……....% Grade ………

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(ii)     Give the molecular formula for an alkane with nine carbon atoms.

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(iii)     Write an equation for the complete combustion of the alkane C H 11 24

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(iv)    Write an equation for the incomplete combustion of C H to produce carbon and water 11 24

only.

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(4)

(b)     Alkenes can be produced by cracking the naphtha fraction obtained from petroleum.

(i)      Write an equation for the thermal cracking of one molecule of C H to give 10 22

one molecule of propene and one molecule of an alkane only.

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(ii)     Draw the structure of the chain isomer of but-1-ene.

 
(2)

(c)     The alkanes and the alkenes are examples of homologous series of compounds.
One feature of an homologous series is the gradual change in physical properties
as the relative molecular mass increases. State two other general features of an
homologous series of compounds.

Feature 1 ......................................................................................................

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Feature 2 ......................................................................................................

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(2)
(Total 8 marks)

 
 2.           Q and R have the molecular formula C H 6 12

Both are branched-chain molecules and none is cyclic.

Draw one possible structure for one of the isomers of each of Q and R.

  Structure of Q

Structure of R

 
(Total 2 marks)

3.          Four isomers with the formula C H OH are given below:

 
Isomer Name

CH CH CH CH OH
3 2 2 2 butan-1-ol

2-methylpropan-2-ol

(i)      Complete the naming of the isomers in the table above.

(ii)      Name the type of isomerism shown by these four isomers.

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(Total 3 marks)

 
4.               Draw and name the geometrical E-Z isomers of pent-2-ene.

          Isomer 1                                                                  Isomer 2

          Name ............................…....................         Name .............…...........................

5.          Octane is the eighth member of the alkane homologous series.

(a)     State two characteristics of a homologous series.

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(2)

(b)     Name a process used to separate octane from a mixture containing several different alkanes.

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(1)
(c)     The structure shown below is one of several structural isomers of octane.

Give the meaning of the term structural isomerism.

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(4)

(d)     Suggest why the branched chain isomer shown above has a lower boiling point than octane.

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(2)
(Total 9 marks)
6. (a)     The structure of the bromoalkane Z is

Give the IUPAC name for Z.

Give the general formula of the homologous series of straight-chain bromoalkanes that
contains one bromine atom per molecule.

Suggest one reason why 1-bromohexane has a higher boiling point than Z.

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(3)

(b)     Draw the displayed formula of 1,2-dichloro-2-methylpropane.

State its empirical formula.

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(2)
(Total 5 marks)
7. (a)    The hydrocarbon but-1-ene (C H ) is a member of the homologous series of alkenes.
4 8

But-1-ene has structural isomers.

(i)      State the meaning of the term structural isomers.

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(2)

(ii)     Give the IUPAC name of the position isomer of but-1-ene.

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(1)

(iii)    Give the IUPAC name of the chain isomer of but-1-ene.

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(1)

(iv)    Draw the displayed formula of a functional group isomer of but-1-ene.

(1)

(b)     But-1-ene burns in a limited supply of air to produce a solid and water only.

(i)      Write an equation for this reaction.

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(1)

(ii)     State one hazard associated with the solid product in part (b)(i).

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(1)

(c)     One mole of compound Y is cracked to produce two moles of ethene, one mole of but-1-ene
and one mole of octane (C H ) only. 8 18

(i)      Deduce the molecular formula of Y.

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(1)

(ii)     Other than cracking, give one common use of Y.

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(1)
 (d)     In cars fitted with catalytic converters, unburned octane reacts with nitrogen monoxide to
form carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen only.

(i)      Write an equation for this reaction.

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(1)

(ii)     Identify a catalyst used in a catalytic converter.

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(1)
(Total 11 marks)

8.           Two stereoisomers of but-2-ene are formed when 2-bromobutane reacts with ethanolic
potassium hydroxide.

(i)      Explain what is meant by the term stereoisomers.

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(ii)     Draw the structures and give the names of the two stereoisomers of
but-2-ene.

     Stereoisomer 1                                    Stereoisomer 2

Name ................................................. Name ................................................

(iii)     Name this type of stereoisomerism.

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(5)
(Total 5 marks)
9. The number of structural isomers of molecular formula C4H9Br is

A       5

B       4

C       3

D       2
(Total 1 mark)

10. An alkane contains 30 hydrogen atoms per molecule. Its empirical formula is

A       C6H15

B       C7H15

C       C14H30

D       C15H30
(Total 1 mark)

11. The correct systematic name for is

A       2-ethyl-3,4-dimethylpent-2-ene

B       4-ethyl-2,3-dimethylpent-3-ene

C       2,3,4-trirnethylhex-3-ene

D       3,4,5-trimethylhex-3-ene
(Total 1 mark)
12.

Which one of the following is not a structural isomer of Compound M?

A        

B        

C        

D        
(Total 1 mark)

13. The number of structural isomers of C3H2Cl6 is

A       2

B       3

C       4

D       5
(Total 1 mark)