® Edition: 04 Volume: 6 Month: June

Year: 2018
Analytical Labs Limited

Tech Talk
Monthly Newsletter by Spectro Labs
Brief About Spectro
Spectro commenced to serve in the year 1995 and during the span of 23 In this Issue
years, Spectro Group of companies has created a globally recognized l Editorial
posi on in the field of Tes ng, Calibra on, Audi ng, Training, Inspec on l Brief About Spectro
and R&D. Spectro holds the most pres gious accredita ons from l News: Lightning Arresters- protect your
Na onal Accredita on Board for Tes ng and Calibra on Laboratories systems
l Article: Nipah Virus- Carefully Consume
(NABL) in six fields, viz; Chemical, Mechanical, Non-Destruc ve Tes ng,
Fruits! & Common Water-Borne Diseases in
Biological, Electrical and Electronics and Calibra on. It has dedicated India
and specialized departments in Metal, Polymers and Elastomers, l Spectro Analytical Labs Limited
Consumer Products like Toys, Tex les, Electronics and has now setup a
latest state of art Fire Test facility.

Lightning Arresters- protect your systems

Lightning is a natural phenomenon considered as “Atmospheric Electricity” which develops as a result of natural build-up of
electrical charge separa on in the storm clouds. Lightning strikes cause enormous loss of life and property all over the world.
Chemical industries suffers crippling damage, disrup on and loss because of lightning. Protec on to the plant structures,
storage tanks and columns in the Hazardous Chemical industry against strokes of lightning has been a subject of concern and
methods of providing lightning protec on has been a subject of debate.
A Lightning Arrester, Surge arrester or Line arrester is a device used on electrical power systems
and telecommunica ons systems to protect the insula on and conductors of the system from the
damaging effects of lightning. The typical Lightning Arrester has a high-voltage terminal and a
ground terminal. When a lightning surge travels along the power line to the Arrester, the current
from the surge is diverted through the Arrestor, in most cases to the earth.
Without good earth connec ons, even the most sophis cated building lightning protec on
installa ons will be ineffec ve. However, the only way to ensure that the earth connec ons are
good is to test them. If protec on fails or is absent, lightning that strikes the electrical system
introduces thousands of kilo Volts that may damage the transmission lines and can also cause
severe damage to transformers and other electrical or electronic devices.

Lightning Protec on Systems

Lightning protec on systems consist of the following three basic parts that provide the low
impedance metal path required
A system of strike termina on devices on A conductor system connec ng the strike
A system of ground terminals
the roof and other elevated loca ons termina on devices to the ground terminals

Properly located and installed, these basic components improve the likelihood that the lightning discharge will be conducted
harmlessly between the strike termina on devices and the ground terminals.
How does a Lightning Protec on System protect a building?
The standard lightning protec on design endorsed in the AS1768 standard and BS EN/IEC 62305 standard is based on the rolling
sphere methodology. This methodology is said to roll over the whole structure for protec on. All areas of the structure that the
sphere touches are considered to be exposed to direct lightning strokes and would need to be protected by the placement rods
or air terminals.
Can Lightning Protec on be installed a er a building is constructed?
Installa on of a Lightning Protec on System should ideally be done during construc on as per AS1768 or BS EN/IEC 62305
Lightning Protec on Standard which specifies that the conven onal design should be designed and installed during
construc on, as this type of Lightning Protec on System can be difficult to retrofit to exis ng buildings, and would require down
conductors to be installed ver cally on the external walls every 20 meters. These conductors also require to be clipped every
meter or so, as the system can be visually unsightly and detract from the aesthe cs of the building.
During construc on, structural rebar within the concrete may be used to carry lightning current to ground where there is a
con nuity of the rebar from roof to ground. Where this con nuity is not assured, the use of dedicated down conductors is
recommended. These systems are labour and component intensive, where the installa on costs can be considerable as an
overall percentage of the systems cost.
Alterna vely, there is another Lightning Protec on System which is commonly used, the non-conven onal design, although it is
outside of the scope of the AS1768 Lightning Protec on Standard.
Items to Consider When Planning Protec on
The best me to design a lightning protec on system for a structure is during the structure's design phase and the best me to
install the system can be during construc on. System components can be built in so as to be protected from mechanical
displacement and environmental effects. In addi on, aesthe c advantages might be gained by such concealment. Generally, it is
less expensive to meet lightning protec on requirements during construc on.
Inspec ons and Maintenance of Lightning Protec on Systems
It has been shown that in cases where damage has occurred to a protected structure, the damage has been due to addi ons or
repairs to the building or to deteriora on or mechanical damage that was allowed to go undetected and unrepaired, or both.
Therefore, it is recommended that an annual visual inspec on be made and that the system be thoroughly inspected every five
years.
Scheduling inspec on of your lightning protec on, surge protec on and earthing solu ons is of paramount importance. With
rou ne inspec on as per IS 3043, AS1768 and BS EN/IEC 62305 we can:
Ø Inspect lightning rods and other equipment for damage Maintenance of Lightning Arrester
Ø Check for loose connec ons Ø Cleaning the outside of the arrester housing.
Ø Take earth pit resistance and soil resis vity as per 3 pin Ø The line should be de-energized before handling the
driven method or Wenner 4 method. arrester.
Ø Monitor new roof installa ons and equipment Ø The earth connec on should be checked periodically.
Ø Confirm that down-conductors have a con nuous path Ø To record the readings of the surge counter.
from ground electrode system to the lightning rods Ø The line lead is securely fastened to the line conductor
Ø Inspect lightning surge protector devices and arrester.
Ø Report on system for compliance with current codes Ø The ground lead is securely fastened to the arrester
Ø Lightning arrester must be at the highest point on the roof. terminal and ground.
Why Lightning Arrester Tes ng is Done?
If protec on fails or is absent, lightning that strikes the electrical system introduces 1000 of kilo Volts that may damage the
transmission lines and can also cause severe damage to transformers and other electrical or electronic devices. Lightning-
produced extreme voltage spikes in incoming power lines can also damage electrical home appliances that’s why it is damn
crucial to check the integrity of Lightning Arrester.

Impact on health or loss of life.

A direct
Loss of technical services for the public.
lightning
Loss of irreplaceable objects of cultural significance.
strike in the
building can Financial losses.

cause these Lightning arrester testing should be scheduled as follows:

damages: * Explosion-protected, physical structures should undergo a visual check every 6 months.
* The electrical test of the installations should be carried out once a year.
Benefits of Lightning Arrester Tes ng
Ø Lightning protec on tes ng would make sure that all structures, key electrical and electronic installa ons are safe from the
effect of lightning strike.
Ø The financial benefits are determined as follows: how does the total annual cost for a lightning protec on system compare
to the costs of poten al damage without a protec on system? The cost evalua on is based on the expenditures for the
planning, assembly, and maintenance of the lightning protec on system.
Ø Spectro regularly audits buildings for safety protec on and compliance of these systems
Ø Spectro has a full-fledged NABL accredited laboratory for tes ng of various parameters of lightening arrestors
 Nipah Virus- Carefully Consume Fruits!
Nipah virus (NiV) infec on is a newly emerging zoonosis that causes severe disease in both animals and humans. The natural
host of the virus being fruit bats from the Pteropodidae Family, Pteropus genus.
History
At first, NiV was iden fied during an outbreak of disease that
happened in 1998 in Kampung Sungai Nipah which is in
Malaysia. At that me, pigs were the intermediate hosts.
However, in subsequent NiV outbreaks, there were no
intermediate hosts. A erwards, in 2014 in Bangladesh,
humans became infected with NiV. It was because of the
consump on of date palm sap that had been contaminated by
infected fruit bats. Human-to-human transmission has also
been documented.
Present status
NiV infec on in humans has a range of clinical presenta ons, from asymptoma c infec on to acute respiratory syndrome and
fatal encephali s. NiV is also capable of causing disease in pigs and other domes c animals.

Signs and Symptoms

The symptoms start to appear within 3–14 days a er
exposure. Ini al symptoms are fever, headache,
drowsiness followed by disorienta on and mental
confusion. These symptoms can progress into coma as
fast as in 24–48 hours. Encephali s, which is
inflamma on of the brain, is a poten ally fatal
complica on of nipah virus infec on. Respiratory
illness can also be present during the early part of the
illness.
Preven on
Preven on of Nipah virus infec on is cri cal because
there is no effec ve treatment for this disease. The
infec on has to be prevented by avoiding exposure to
bats in endemic areas and the sick pigs. Drinking of raw
palm sap contaminated by bat excrete ea ng of fruits
par ally consumed by bats and using water from wells
infested by bats should be avoided. Bats are known to
drink toddy that is collected in open containers, and
occasionally urinate in it, which makes it contaminated
with the virus.

Common Water-Borne Diseases in India

Travelling from north to south in India, you can easily experience the huge Some common precau ons:
contrast in water availability and its scarcity. Some places have Don’t eat street food which is available in open.
abundance of water while, others are having main concerning issue and Carry your own water bo le
women's daily job consists of sourcing water for their household. Places Drink filtered or boiled water
with adequate water supplies struggle to sustainably manage the use of it Don’t eat stale food and cut fruits
while others struggle with the reality of scarce clean drinking water.
Underlying this imbalance in water availability is the issue of water-borne Cholera
diseases.
Towns and ci es with an abundance of water struggle to manage the
water efficiently, o en leading to water collec ng in potholes and or in
Filariasis Diarrhoea
the surrounding areas and going unused. This can have severe Dangerous
consequences as water-borne diseases, such as cholera, malaria and Water
diarrhoea can spread as a result of improper management of the water related
supply as well as discharge. Looking at the figures, the Ganges provide diseases
water to over 500 million Indians - contamina on of just one source of
water can affect millions of lives in one go.
Water contamina on o en occurs due to inadequate and incompetent Typhoid Malaria

management of resources as well as inflow of sewage into the source.

 Major Clients

Our Branch Offices Project Sites

Spectro Research Lab Ventures (P) Ltd. (Kanpur) Chennai (Tamil Nadu)
Mr. Sanjeet Mishra +91-9235503985 [email protected] Bhubaneswar (Odisha)
Spectro Tes ng (P) Ltd. (Jammu) Patna (Bihar)
Mr. Yogesh Badyal +91-9419199192 [email protected] Ranchi (Jharkhand)
Spectro SSA Labs (P) Ltd. (Mumbai) Jaipur (Rajasthan)
Mr. Ratan Jotwani +91-9769696069 [email protected]

Delhi(H.O) Greater Noida, U.P.

Jammu Mumbai Kanpur

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