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    PLB Assignment 1

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    elusogbonayomide
    The document discusses the stages of the cell cycle including G1, S, G2 and M phases. It then compares the key differences between meiosis and mitosis including their purpose, number of divisions, genetic variation and chromosome number.

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    PLB Assignment 1

    Uploaded by

    elusogbonayomide
    13 views1 page
    The document discusses the stages of the cell cycle including G1, S, G2 and M phases. It then compares the key differences between meiosis and mitosis including their purpose, number of divisions, genetic variation and chromosome number.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    The document discusses the stages of the cell cycle including G1, S, G2 and M phases. It then compares the key differences between meiosis and mitosis including their purpose, number of divisions, genetic variation and chromosome number.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    13 views1 page

    PLB Assignment 1

    Uploaded by

    elusogbonayomide
    The document discusses the stages of the cell cycle including G1, S, G2 and M phases. It then compares the key differences between meiosis and mitosis including their purpose, number of divisions, genetic variation and chromosome number.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    1.

    The stages of the cell cycle are as follows:


    a. G1 Phase (Gap 1 Phase): During this phase, the cell grows and carries out its normal
    functions. It prepares for DNA replication by producing necessary proteins and enzymes.
    b. S Phase (Synthesis Phase): In this phase, DNA replication occurs. The cell's genetic
    material is duplicated, resulting in two identical copies of each chromosome.
    c. G2 Phase (Gap 2 Phase): Following DNA replication, the cell continues to grow,
    synthesizing proteins and organelles in preparation for cell division. The cell checks for DNA
    errors and repairs them if possible.
    d. M Phase (Mitosis): The M Phase consist of two main processes:
    i). Mitosis: In this stage the nucleus of the cell divides into two identical nuclei, each with
    the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Mitosis consist of several phases:
    prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.
    ii). Cytokinesis: This stage involves the physical division of the cytoplasm to form two
    daughter cells.

    2. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MEIOSIS AND MITOSIS


    Meiosis and mitosis are both processes involved in cell division, but they have
    distinct differences:

    1. **Purpose**:
    - Meiosis: Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing
    organisms to produce gametes (sperm and egg cells) with half the number of
    chromosomes as the parent cell.
    - Mitosis: Mitosis is a type of cell division that occurs in somatic cells for growth,
    repair, and asexual reproduction, resulting in two identical daughter cells with the
    same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

    2. **Number of Divisions**:
    - Meiosis: Meiosis involves two rounds of cell division, known as meiosis I and
    meiosis II, resulting in four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes.
    - Mitosis: Mitosis involves one round of cell division, resulting in two identical
    daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

    3. **Genetic Variation**:
    - Meiosis: Meiosis introduces genetic variation through processes such as crossing
    over and independent assortment, leading to genetically unique daughter cells.
    - Mitosis: Mitosis does not introduce genetic variation, as the daughter cells are
    identical to the parent cell.

    4. **Chromosome Number**:
    - Meiosis: The chromosome number is reduced by half in meiosis, resulting in
    haploid daughter cells.
    - Mitosis: The chromosome number remains the same in mitosis, resulting in diploid
    daughter cells.

    These are some of the key differences between meiosis and mitosis in terms of
    purpose, number of divisions, genetic variation, and chromosome number.

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