Philippine Politics and Governance: Quarter 1 - Module 4: Nations, States, and Globalization

Senior High School
Philippine Politics and

Governance
Quarter 1 - Module 4:
Nations, States, and Globalization
Government Property
NOT FOR SALE
Philippine Politics and Governance – Senior High School
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 - Module 4: Nations, States, and Globalization
Second Edition, 2021
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalty.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education - Division of Misamis Oriental
Development Team of the Module
Writers: Bojie Nob

James Jay G. Llerin
Arbe Joe M. Galarpe
Jennifer O. Pacamalan
Content Editor: Kristine T. Antique
Language Editor: Rosela Jane E. Prodenciado
Proofreader: Rosela Jane E. Prodenciado
Illustrator: Eduardo W. Monares, Jr.
Layout Artist: Sweet Francess B. Mabelin
Chairperson: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III

Regional Director
Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO

Assistant Regional Director
Jonathan S. dela Peña, PhD, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent
Nimfa R. Lago, PhD, CESO VI
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD
Members: Maria Emerald A. Cabigas,PhD EPS-LRMS; Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr.,

PhD, EPS-ADM; Erlinda G. Dael, PhD, CID Chief; Sally S. Aguilar, EPS I;
Celieto B. Magsayo, LRMS Manager; Loucile L. Paclar, Librarian II; Kim
Eric G. Lubguban, PDO II
Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education - Division of Misamis Oriental
Office Address: Del Pilar corner Velez Street, Brgy 29, Cagayan de Oro City 9000
Telephone Nos.: (088) 881-3094 | Text: 0917-8992245 (Globe)
E-mail Address: [email protected]
12
Philippine Politics and

Governance
Quarter 1- Module 4:
Nations, States, and Globalization
Icons of this Module
What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that

Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.
What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.
What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you
What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.
What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.
What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson
What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.
Table Of Contents
Introduction ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
Pre-test ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 2
Lesson 1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 3
Lesson 2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 7
Post-test ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 11
Answer Key ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 12
Reference ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 13
What I Need To Know
For the Learners:

The Philippines is both a state and a nation. The state exercises public
authority and it is considered as a very powerful entity. A nation-state is formed
when a state and a nation are combined. Globalization as a phenomenon poses
threats to the existence of the Philippines as nation-state.
.
Module Content:
The concepts of politics and governance were discussed in module 1 which

gave information about the state and government. In this content, you will discover
more about the state and its relationship with the nation and globalization as
phenomenon.
In this module, you will be able to:
 define nation and state;

 differentiate nation from state;
 explain the meaning of globalization; and
 analyze the relationship of nation and state in the context of globalization
6
Lesson
1 NATIONS AND STATES
What’s New
What Is It
THE STATE
The word “state” is a people organized for law within a define territory,
possessing both internal and external sovereignty. It is a political unit in charge of
the conduct of its own affairs. All the rules and laws, the government officials and
their titles, the physical boundaries and those who define them are what make up
the state. The state is what makes a country run from a political, practical
standpoint.
There are four essential features of a State:
 People or population is the organization of human beings living together

as a community. The nature of a state’s population affects stability. States
where the population shares a general political and social consensus, or
agreement about basic beliefs, have the most stable governments.
 Territory includes all the land, sea, and airspace the state exercises
jurisdiction on. The exact location or shape of political boundaries is often
a source of conflict among states.
 Sovereignty refers to both Jurisdiction (the ability of a state to exercise its
authority over its territory and people) and independence (the freedom
from external control). The state has the supreme and absolute authority
within its territorial boundaries. It has complete independence, and
complete power to make laws, shape foreign policy, and determine its
own course of action. In theory, no state has the right to interfere with the
internal affairs of another state.
 Government is the machinery of the state through which the people’s will
is formulated and carried out. It is an institution through which the state
7
maintains social order, provides public services, and enforces decisions
that are binding on all people living within the state. Aristotle classified
government into legitimate or positive forms (Monarchy, Aristocracy,
Polity) and negative forms or corrupt (Tyranny, Oligarchy, Democracy).
A state is categorized by analysts as effective, weak, and failed. It is an

effective type of state when it controls and taxes the entire territory, laws are mostly
obeyed, it provides general welfare and security, and only minor corruption exists. A
state is weak when justice is bought and elections are often rigged, governmental
revenues go to private pockets, crime has penetrated politics, and government is
weak in fighting lawlessness, corruption, and poverty. Finally, a state is failed when
it is ruled by warlords, private army, and militias, the national government does not
exist, gun is the law, and education and health standards decline.
THE NATION
The word “nation” is taken from the Latin word nasci, which means “born,”
giving the word a racial or ethnic meaning. Etymologically, it signifies original
birthplace. It is thus generally used to describe an ethnic, linguistic, or cultural
community, or race. It may also refer to a community of people linked by ties of
blood and relationships, a common language and literature, a common tradition, and
history. The term, nation and state, can be used interchangeably in ordinary
language.
A nation refers to a large group of individuals who believe that they belong
together because they share a common identity as a people. This common identity
enables them to think of themselves as members of a homogeneous community.
The nation and state when integrated will form a “nation-state.” This term refers
to a political institution that combines the concept of nation and state. It refers to a
state inhabited by people who identify themselves as a nation on account of a
common culture, history, language, ethnicity, or other factors. The structure of the
nation-state system demands the promotion of its own interest to the exclusion or
detriment of others. The fused nation-state opens for cultural cohesion and political
unity. Cultural cohesion happens when these belief systems are closely united while
political unity occurs when people share a common civic consciousness.
Lesson
2 GLOBALIZATION
8
What Is It
GLOBALIZATION
The word globalization refers to a complex process by which the world is

becoming a highly interconnected world through economic, social, political and
cultural contracts. It refers to the intensification of global interconnectedness,
suggesting a world full of movement and mixture, contract and linkages, and
persistent cultural interaction and exchange. As a result, the world is shrinking in
terms of time and space making the world a small village. The intensity and the
momentum of this process are further enhanced by the sophisticated instant
communications and ever-expanding fast travels.
Globalization symbolizes a world in motion providing people with resources to
new ways of being human in the fast-changing world. Thus, globalization
ceaselessly cuts across national boundaries: it involves flows of goods, capital,
people, information, ideas, images and risks across national borders, combined with
the emergence of social networks and political institutions. In other words, it means
integrating and connecting cultures and communities in new space-time
combinations, and making the world in reality and in experience more
interconnected.
Globalization process
9
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mathurin_Soh/publication/291019295/figure/fig1/
AA:334463868391424@1456753808466/The-globalization-process-based-on-a
Globalization constitutes a bundle of parallel process, and exactly this parallelism of

seemingly unconnected issues makes the matter so incomprehensible. According to
Archer, these processes engender a “growing world-wide inter-connectedness of
structure, culture and agency.
Aspects of Globalization:
 Economic globalization is an integration of all economies in a global economy

like the internationalized production and financial capital flowing freely
between countries. The monetary and fiscal policies of national governments
are dominated by movements in the international financial markets reducing
the economic autonomy of the nation-states. On another point, in terms of the
global economy, the underdeveloped and developing countries remain
dependent on the developed countries. This implies that dependent countries
are in poverty and remain in competition with each other in the export of
labor, agricultural products and minerals.
 Cultural globalization implies an increased cultural interconnectedness across
the globe, principally as a result of the mass media, and also because of
flows of people in migration, tourism and global economic and political
institutions leading to similar life patterns in different parts of the globe. It
opens up the local culture to other ways of living and gives alternatives.
 Political globalization recognizes the importance of international
organizations, transnational organizations and nongovernmental
organization. It influences on domestic issues of organizations such as the
United Nations, World Trade Organization, World Bank, Asian Development
Bank, International Red Cross, and World Wide Fund for Nature.
What I Have Learned
Key Points
o Globalization refers to a complex process by which the world is becoming a
highly interconnected world through economic, social, political and cultural
contracts.
o There are three main aspects of globalization: the economic globalization, the
cultural globalization, and the political globalization.
10
References
1973 Constitution of the Philippines. Accessed on July 21, 2020.

http://www.gov.ph/constitutions/the-amended-1973-constitution-2/.
Local Governance in the Philippines. Accessed on July 21, 2020.

https:/asiafoundation.org/resources/pdfs/PhilippinesLocalGovernance.pdf.
De Leon, Hector. Textbook on the Philippine Constitution. Quezon City: Rex Printing
Company, INC. 1991.
Ramos, Renan E. 2016. Philippine Politics and Governance. Quezon City: Vibal
Group, Inc. .
Villanueva, Prince Aian G. 2017. Philippine Politics and Governance. Makati City:
DIWA Learning Systems Inc.
11
12
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education - Division of Misamis Oriental
Office Address: Del Pilar corner Velez Street, Brgy 29, Cagayan de Oro City
Telefax: (088) 881-3094 | Text: 0917-8992245 (Globe)
E-mail Address: [email protected]

Philippine Politics and Governance: Quarter 1 - Module 4: Nations, States, and Globalization

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Philippine Politics and Governance: Quarter 1 - Module 4: Nations, States, and Globalization

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Philippine Politics and Governance: Quarter 1 - Module 4: Nations, States, and Globalization

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Senior High School

Philippine Politics and

Published by the Department of Education - Division of Misamis Oriental

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Bojie Nob

Chairperson: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III

Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO

Members: Maria Emerald A. Cabigas,PhD EPS-LRMS; Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr.,

Printed in the Philippines by

Philippine Politics and

What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

Answer Key ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 12

For the Learners:

The concepts of politics and governance were discussed in module 1 which

In this module, you will be able to:

 define nation and state;

 People or population is the organization of human beings living together

A state is categorized by analysts as effective, weak, and failed. It is an

The word globalization refers to a complex process by which the world is

Globalization constitutes a bundle of parallel process, and exactly this parallelism of

 Economic globalization is an integration of all economies in a global economy

What I Have Learned

1973 Constitution of the Philippines. Accessed on July 21, 2020.

Local Governance in the Philippines. Accessed on July 21, 2020.

Department of Education - Division of Misamis Oriental

Telefax: (088) 881-3094 | Text: 0917-8992245 (Globe)

E-mail Address: [email protected]

You might also like