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    Applications of Signals and Systems

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    Ahmet Abi
    The document discusses applications of signals and systems across various domains including control, communications, signal processing, multimedia, and biological signal analysis. It provides examples and tools used in areas like modulation, compression, filtering, and more.

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    Applications of Signals and Systems

    Uploaded by

    Ahmet Abi
    11 views15 pages
    The document discusses applications of signals and systems across various domains including control, communications, signal processing, multimedia, and biological signal analysis. It provides examples and tools used in areas like modulation, compression, filtering, and more.

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    The document discusses applications of signals and systems across various domains including control, communications, signal processing, multimedia, and biological signal analysis. It provides examples and tools used in areas like modulation, compression, filtering, and more.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    11 views15 pages

    Applications of Signals and Systems

    Uploaded by

    Ahmet Abi
    The document discusses applications of signals and systems across various domains including control, communications, signal processing, multimedia, and biological signal analysis. It provides examples and tools used in areas like modulation, compression, filtering, and more.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 15

    Applications of Signals and

    Systems
    Fall 2002
    Application Areas
    • Control
    • Communications
    • Signal Processing
    Control Applications
    • Industrial control and automation (Control
    the velocity or position of an object)
    • Examples: Controlling the position of a
    valve or shaft of a motor
    • Important Tools:
    – Time-domain solution of differential equations
    – Transfer function (Laplace Transform)
    – Stability
    Communication Applications
    • Transmission of information (signal) over a
    channel
    • The channel may be free space, coaxial
    cable, fiber optic cable
    • A key component of transmission:
    Modulation (Analog and Digital
    Communication)
    Modulation
    • Analog Modulation: Transmitting audio
    signals.
    X(t) Ax(t)c os(wt)
    X

    Loc al Osc illator

    • Advantage: Higher frequency range good


    propagation
    Modulation
    • Frequency Modulation (FM), modulate the
    angle of the carrier.

    • Advantage: More robust to interference


    Digital Modulation
    • Used in CDs, digital cellular service, digital
    phone lines and computer modems.
    • Advantages:
    – Can be encrypted
    – Electronic routing of data is easier
    – Digital storage faster
    – Multimedia capability
    Signal Processing Applications
    • Signal processing=Application of algorithms to
    modify signals in a way to make them more
    useful.
    • Goals:
    – Efficient and reliable transmission, storage and display
    of information
    – Information extraction and enhancement
    • Examples:
    – Speech and audio processing
    – Multimedia processing (image and video)
    – Underwater acoustic
    – Biological signal analysis
    Multimedia Applications
    • Compression: Fast, efficient, reliable
    transmission and storage of data
    • Applied on audio, image and video data for
    transmission over the Internet, storage
    • Examples: CDs, DVDs, MP3, MPEG4,
    JPEG
    • Mathematical Tools: Fourier Transform,
    Quantization, Modulation
    JPEG Example
    43K 13K 3.5K

    • JPEG uses Discrete-Cosine Transform


    (similar to Fourier Transform)
    Biological Signal Analysis
    • Examples:
    – Brain signals (EEG)
    – Cardiac signals (ECG)
    – Medical images (x-ray, PET, MRI)
    • Goals:
    – Detect abnormal activity (heart attack, seizure)
    – Help physicians with diagnosis
    • Tools: Filtering, Fourier Transform
    Example
    • Brain waves are usually contaminated by
    noise and hard to interpret
    Biometrics
    • Identifying a person using physiological
    characteristics
    • Examples:
    – Fingerprint Identification
    – Face Recognition
    – Voice Recognition
    Audio Signal Processing
    • Active noise cancellation:Adaptive filtering
    – Headphones used in cockpits
    • Digital Audio Effects
    – Add special music effects such as delay, echo,
    reverb
    • Audio signal separation
    – Separate speech from interference
    – Wind sound from music in cars
    Filtering Example

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